fix(firecracker): make the launch path work end-to-end

First real end-to-end launch (there was no firecracker integration test)
surfaced three bugs in the control/provision path, all now verified fixed
by tests/integration/test_firecracker_launch:

1. Guest SSH rejected the correct key. The rootless rootfs build
   (`docker export | tar` as a non-root user) can't preserve uid 0, so
   every path — including /root — is owned by the build uid (node in
   guest). dropbear refuses root's authorized_keys when /root isn't
   root-owned, so auth fell back to password → denied. bb-init now
   `chown -R 0:0 /root`.

2. The SSH client (newer OpenSSH) didn't reliably present the -i key
   against the operator's ~/.ssh config; add `IdentitiesOnly=yes` to
   ssh_base_argv so only the per-bottle key is offered.

3. cp_in double-wrapped the remote command as `sh -c <remote>`, but ssh
   space-joins everything after the host into one string for the guest
   shell, collapsing `sh -c mkdir -p X && …` to `mkdir` with no operand
   ("missing operand"). Pass the command as a single arg and let the
   guest login shell run it (stdin still carries the tar).

Also stop discarding dropbear's stderr (`-E` now reaches the host-side
console.log) so future guest-auth issues are debuggable.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01WBMWTEtQdJ4W5UrWuLHCck

.coveragerc

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+[run]
+branch = True
+source = .
+
+[report]
+# Coverage policy: see docs/decisions/0004-coverage-policy.md.
+#
+# `omit` is reserved for genuinely interactive entry-point shells whose
+# bodies are `read_tty_line()` / curses prompt loops — there is no
+# behaviour to assert that a test wouldn't have to fake wholesale, so a
+# test here would inflate the number without buying confidence. This is
+# NOT a place to hide subprocess/backend orchestration: that code is
+# security-relevant and is measured via the integration suite instead
+# (run scripts/coverage.sh for the combined unit+integration number).
+omit =
+    bot_bottle/cli/tui.py
+    bot_bottle/cli/init.py
+    tests/*

.gitea/workflows/canaries.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Weekly canary suite. Catches upstream regressions (broken pipelock
-# image packaging at the pinned digest, etc.) without coupling every
-# dev push to upstream registry availability.
+# Weekly canary suite. Catches upstream regressions (broken pinned
+# digest, etc.) without coupling every dev push to upstream registry
+# availability.
 #
 # Opt-in via CLAUDE_BOTTLE_RUN_CANARIES=1 so the same files can be run
 # locally with the same gating.

.gitea/workflows/lint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+name: lint
+
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - "**.py"
+      - ".pylintrc"
+      - ".gitea/workflows/lint.yml"
+
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Install dev dependencies
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
+      - name: Run pylint
+        run: |
+          # Run pylint on all Python files in the repo
+          find . -name '*.py' -not -path './.venv/*' -not -path './.git/*' | xargs pylint --fail-under=8.0
+
+      - name: Run pyright
+        run: |
+          # Run pyright type checking
+          pyright .

.gitea/workflows/prd-number.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+# Assign sequential numbers to prd-new-*.md files on merge to main.
+#
+# When a PR merges to main and includes prd-new-*.md files this workflow:
+#   1. Finds the next available NNNN number by scanning existing PRDs.
+#   2. Renames each prd-new-*.md to NNNN-<slug>.md.
+#   3. Updates the title header (# PRD prd-new: → # PRD NNNN:).
+#   4. Flips Status: Draft → Active when the push touched files outside
+#      docs/prds/ anywhere in its commit range (i.e. the implementation
+#      shipped together with the PRD).
+#   5. Commits the renaming back to main.
+#
+# No-op if the working tree contains no prd-new-*.md files.
+#
+# NOTE: The workflow scans the working tree (not just HEAD~1..HEAD) because
+# PRs land as multi-commit pushes and the prd-new file is often added in an
+# earlier commit on the branch, not in the final squash/merge commit.
+
+name: prd-number
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - 'docs/prds/prd-new-*.md'
+
+jobs:
+  assign-numbers:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Configure git
+        run: |
+          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+
+      - name: Assign PRD numbers
+        run: |
+          python3 - <<'EOF'
+          import os
+          import re
+          import subprocess
+          import sys
+          from pathlib import Path
+
+          prds_dir = Path("docs/prds")
+
+          # Scan the working tree — prd-new files may have landed in any
+          # commit of a multi-commit push, not just HEAD.
+          new_prds = sorted(prds_dir.glob("prd-new-*.md"))
+
+          if not new_prds:
+              print("No prd-new-*.md files found — nothing to do.")
+              sys.exit(0)
+
+          # Determine whether non-PRD files were also changed anywhere in
+          # the push range (BEFORE_SHA → HEAD).  Falls back to HEAD~1 when
+          # the env var isn't set (e.g. local act runs).
+          before_sha = os.environ.get("GITHUB_EVENT_BEFORE", "HEAD~1")
+          all_changed = subprocess.run(
+              ["git", "diff", "--name-only", before_sha, "HEAD"],
+              capture_output=True, text=True, check=True,
+          ).stdout.splitlines()
+          non_prd_changed = any(
+              not f.startswith("docs/prds/") for f in all_changed
+          )
+
+          # Find next available number.
+          existing = sorted(
+              int(m.group(1))
+              for p in prds_dir.glob("*.md")
+              if (m := re.match(r"^(\d{4})-", p.name))
+          )
+          next_num = (max(existing) + 1) if existing else 1
+
+          for prd_path in sorted(new_prds):
+              slug = re.sub(r"^prd-new-", "", prd_path.stem)
+              new_name = f"{next_num:04d}-{slug}.md"
+              new_path = prds_dir / new_name
+              print(f"  {prd_path.name}  →  {new_name}")
+
+              content = prd_path.read_text()
+
+              # Update title header.
+              content = re.sub(
+                  r"^(#\s+PRD\s+)prd-new(:)",
+                  rf"\g<1>{next_num:04d}\2",
+                  content,
+                  count=1,
+                  flags=re.MULTILINE,
+              )
+
+              # Conditionally flip Status.
+              if non_prd_changed:
+                  content = re.sub(
+                      r"(\*\*Status:\*\*\s*)Draft",
+                      r"\g<1>Active",
+                      content,
+                      count=1,
+                  )
+
+              new_path.write_text(content)
+              subprocess.run(["git", "rm", str(prd_path)], check=True)
+              subprocess.run(["git", "add", str(new_path)], check=True)
+              next_num += 1
+
+          subprocess.run(
+              ["git", "commit", "-m", "ci(prd): assign sequential numbers to new PRDs"],
+              check=True,
+          )
+          subprocess.run(["git", "push"], check=True)
+          EOF

.gitea/workflows/test.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,11 @@ on:
   push:
     branches:
       - main
+    paths:
+      - '**.py'
   pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - '**.py'
 
 jobs:
   unit:
@@ -35,8 +39,14 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: "3.12"
 
+      - name: Install dev requirements
+        run: python3 -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
       - name: Run unit tests
-        run: python3 -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit -v
+        run: python3 -m coverage run -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit -v
+
+      - name: Report unit coverage
+        run: python3 -m coverage report -m
 
   integration:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -60,3 +70,32 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Run integration tests
         run: python3 -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/integration -v
+
+  # Combined unit+integration coverage + the diff-coverage gate.
+  # See docs/decisions/0004-coverage-policy.md. The hard gate is diff
+  # coverage (new/changed lines >= 90%); the combined + critical reports
+  # are informational and degrade gracefully when the runner has no
+  # Docker (integration tests skip, those modules just read lower).
+  coverage:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v5
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Install dev requirements
+        run: python3 -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
+      - name: Combined coverage (unit + integration)
+        run: PYTHON=python3 bash scripts/coverage.sh critical
+
+      - name: Diff-coverage gate (changed lines >= 90%)
+        run: |
+          git fetch --no-tags origin main:refs/remotes/origin/main
+          python3 scripts/diff_coverage.py --base origin/main --min 90

.gitea/workflows/update-badges.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+name: Update Quality Badges
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - '**.py'
+      - '.coveragerc'
+      # The core-coverage badge reads this list; refresh when it changes.
+      - 'scripts/critical-modules.txt'
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  update-badges:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        with:
+          python-version: '3.12'
+
+      - name: Install dev dependencies
+        run: |
+          python -m pip install --upgrade pip
+          pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
+      - name: Run coverage and extract percentage
+        id: coverage
+        run: |
+          python -m coverage run -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
+          PERCENT=$(python -m coverage report 2>/dev/null | grep '^TOTAL' | grep -oP '\d+(?=%)' | tail -1)
+          echo "percent=$PERCENT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "Coverage: $PERCENT%"
+
+      - name: Extract core (critical-module) coverage percentage
+        id: core_coverage
+        run: |
+          # Reuses the .coverage data from the previous step. The core list is
+          # the single source of truth in scripts/critical-modules.txt; every
+          # core module is unit-tested, so the unit-only run is accurate for it.
+          INCLUDE=$(grep -vE '^[[:space:]]*(#|$)' scripts/critical-modules.txt | paste -sd, -)
+          PERCENT=$(python -m coverage report --include="$INCLUDE" 2>/dev/null | grep '^TOTAL' | grep -oP '\d+(?=%)' | tail -1)
+          echo "percent=$PERCENT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "Core coverage: $PERCENT%"
+
+      - name: Update badges in README
+        run: |
+          COVERAGE_PERCENT="${{ steps.coverage.outputs.percent }}"
+          CORE_COVERAGE_PERCENT="${{ steps.core_coverage.outputs.percent }}"
+
+          if [ -n "$COVERAGE_PERCENT" ]; then
+            sed -i "s|/badge/coverage-[^)]*|/badge/coverage-${COVERAGE_PERCENT}%25-brightgreen|" README.md
+          fi
+          if [ -n "$CORE_COVERAGE_PERCENT" ]; then
+            sed -i "s|/badge/core%20coverage-[^)]*|/badge/core%20coverage-${CORE_COVERAGE_PERCENT}%25-brightgreen|" README.md
+          fi
+
+          echo "Updated badges:"
+          grep -E "coverage" README.md | head -2
+
+      - name: Commit and push badge updates
+        run: |
+          git config --local user.email "action@gitea.local"
+          git config --local user.name "Quality Badge Bot"
+
+          # Check if there are changes
+          if git diff --quiet README.md; then
+            echo "No badge changes needed"
+          else
+            echo "Badge changes detected, committing..."
+            git add README.md
+            MSG="chore: update quality badges"$'\n\n'"- Coverage: ${{ steps.coverage.outputs.percent }}%"$'\n'"- Core coverage: ${{ steps.core_coverage.outputs.percent }}%"$'\n\n'"[skip ci]"
+            git commit -m "$MSG"
+            git push
+          fi

.gitignore

@@ -22,3 +22,4 @@ venv/
 .pytest_cache/
 .mypy_cache/
 .ruff_cache/
+.coverage

.pylintrc

@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
+[MAIN]
+
+# Analyse import fallback blocks. This can be used to support both Python 2 and
+# 3 compatible code, which means that the block might have code that exists
+# only in one or another interpreter, leading to false positives when analysed.
+analyse-fallback-blocks=no
+
+# Clear in-memory caches upon conclusion of linting. Useful if running pylint
+# in a server-like mode.
+clear-cache-post-run=no
+
+# Load and enable all available extensions. Use --list-extensions to see a list
+# all available extensions.
+#enable-all-extensions=
+
+# In error mode, messages with a category besides ERROR or FATAL are
+# suppressed, and no reports are done by default. Error mode is compatible with
+# disabling specific errors.
+#errors-only=
+
+# Always return a 0 (non-error) status code, even if lint errors are found.
+# This is primarily useful in continuous integration scripts.
+#exit-zero=
+
+# A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
+# be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
+# run arbitrary code.
+extension-pkg-allow-list=
+
+# A comma-separated list of package or module names from where C extensions may
+# be loaded. Extensions are loading into the active Python interpreter and may
+# run arbitrary code. (This is an alternative name to extension-pkg-allow-list
+# for backward compatibility.)
+extension-pkg-whitelist=
+
+# Return non-zero exit code if any of these messages/categories are detected,
+# even if score is above --fail-under value. Syntax same as enable. Messages
+# specified are enabled, while categories only check already-enabled messages.
+fail-on=
+
+# Specify a score threshold under which the program will exit with error.
+fail-under=10
+
+# Interpret the stdin as a python script, whose filename needs to be passed as
+# the module_or_package argument.
+#from-stdin=
+
+# Files or directories to be skipped. They should be base names, not paths.
+ignore=CVS
+
+# Add files or directories matching the regular expressions patterns to the
+# ignore-list. The regex matches against paths and can be in Posix or Windows
+# format. Because '\\' represents the directory delimiter on Windows systems,
+# it can't be used as an escape character.
+ignore-paths=
+
+# Files or directories matching the regular expression patterns are skipped.
+# The regex matches against base names, not paths. The default value ignores
+# Emacs file locks
+ignore-patterns=^\.#
+
+# List of module names for which member attributes should not be checked and
+# will not be imported (useful for modules/projects where namespaces are
+# manipulated during runtime and thus existing member attributes cannot be
+# deduced by static analysis). It supports qualified module names, as well as
+# Unix pattern matching.
+ignored-modules=
+
+# Python code to execute, usually for sys.path manipulation such as
+# pygtk.require().
+#init-hook=
+
+# Use multiple processes to speed up Pylint. Specifying 0 will auto-detect the
+# number of processors available to use, and will cap the count on Windows to
+# avoid hangs.
+jobs=1
+
+# Control the amount of potential inferred values when inferring a single
+# object. This can help the performance when dealing with large functions or
+# complex, nested conditions.
+limit-inference-results=100
+
+# List of plugins (as comma separated values of python module names) to load,
+# usually to register additional checkers.
+load-plugins=
+
+# Pickle collected data for later comparisons.
+persistent=yes
+
+# Resolve imports to .pyi stubs if available. May reduce no-member messages and
+# increase not-an-iterable messages.
+prefer-stubs=no
+
+# Minimum Python version to use for version dependent checks. Will default to
+# the version used to run pylint.
+py-version=3.14
+
+# Discover python modules and packages in the file system subtree.
+recursive=no
+
+# Add paths to the list of the source roots. Supports globbing patterns. The
+# source root is an absolute path or a path relative to the current working
+# directory used to determine a package namespace for modules located under the
+# source root.
+source-roots=
+
+# Allow loading of arbitrary C extensions. Extensions are imported into the
+# active Python interpreter and may run arbitrary code.
+unsafe-load-any-extension=no
+
+# In verbose mode, extra non-checker-related info will be displayed.
+#verbose=
+
+
+[BASIC]
+
+# Naming style matching correct argument names.
+argument-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct argument names. Overrides argument-
+# naming-style. If left empty, argument names will be checked with the set
+# naming style.
+#argument-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct attribute names.
+attr-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct attribute names. Overrides attr-naming-
+# style. If left empty, attribute names will be checked with the set naming
+# style.
+#attr-rgx=
+
+# Bad variable names which should always be refused, separated by a comma.
+bad-names=foo,
+          bar,
+          baz,
+          toto,
+          tutu,
+          tata
+
+# Bad variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex,
+# they will always be refused
+bad-names-rgxs=
+
+# Naming style matching correct class attribute names.
+class-attribute-naming-style=any
+
+# Regular expression matching correct class attribute names. Overrides class-
+# attribute-naming-style. If left empty, class attribute names will be checked
+# with the set naming style.
+#class-attribute-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct class constant names.
+class-const-naming-style=UPPER_CASE
+
+# Regular expression matching correct class constant names. Overrides class-
+# const-naming-style. If left empty, class constant names will be checked with
+# the set naming style.
+#class-const-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct class names.
+class-naming-style=PascalCase
+
+# Regular expression matching correct class names. Overrides class-naming-
+# style. If left empty, class names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#class-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct constant names.
+const-naming-style=UPPER_CASE
+
+# Regular expression matching correct constant names. Overrides const-naming-
+# style. If left empty, constant names will be checked with the set naming
+# style.
+#const-rgx=
+
+# Minimum line length for functions/classes that require docstrings, shorter
+# ones are exempt.
+docstring-min-length=-1
+
+# Naming style matching correct function names.
+function-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct function names. Overrides function-
+# naming-style. If left empty, function names will be checked with the set
+# naming style.
+#function-rgx=
+
+# Good variable names which should always be accepted, separated by a comma.
+good-names=i,
+           j,
+           k,
+           ex,
+           Run,
+           _
+
+# Good variable names regexes, separated by a comma. If names match any regex,
+# they will always be accepted
+good-names-rgxs=
+
+# Include a hint for the correct naming format with invalid-name.
+include-naming-hint=no
+
+# Naming style matching correct inline iteration names.
+inlinevar-naming-style=any
+
+# Regular expression matching correct inline iteration names. Overrides
+# inlinevar-naming-style. If left empty, inline iteration names will be checked
+# with the set naming style.
+#inlinevar-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct method names.
+method-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct method names. Overrides method-naming-
+# style. If left empty, method names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#method-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct module names.
+module-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct module names. Overrides module-naming-
+# style. If left empty, module names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#module-rgx=
+
+# Colon-delimited sets of names that determine each other's naming style when
+# the name regexes allow several styles.
+name-group=
+
+# Regular expression which should only match function or class names that do
+# not require a docstring.
+no-docstring-rgx=^_
+
+# Regular expression matching correct parameter specification variable names.
+# If left empty, parameter specification variable names will be checked with
+# the set naming style.
+#paramspec-rgx=
+
+# List of decorators that produce properties, such as abc.abstractproperty. Add
+# to this list to register other decorators that produce valid properties.
+# These decorators are taken in consideration only for invalid-name.
+property-classes=abc.abstractproperty
+
+# Regular expression matching correct type alias names. If left empty, type
+# alias names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#typealias-rgx=
+
+# Regular expression matching correct type variable names. If left empty, type
+# variable names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#typevar-rgx=
+
+# Regular expression matching correct type variable tuple names. If left empty,
+# type variable tuple names will be checked with the set naming style.
+#typevartuple-rgx=
+
+# Naming style matching correct variable names.
+variable-naming-style=snake_case
+
+# Regular expression matching correct variable names. Overrides variable-
+# naming-style. If left empty, variable names will be checked with the set
+# naming style.
+#variable-rgx=
+
+
+[CLASSES]
+
+# Warn about protected attribute access inside special methods
+check-protected-access-in-special-methods=no
+
+# List of method names used to declare (i.e. assign) instance attributes.
+defining-attr-methods=__init__,
+                      __new__,
+                      setUp,
+                      asyncSetUp,
+                      __post_init__
+
+# List of member names, which should be excluded from the protected access
+# warning.
+exclude-protected=_asdict,_fields,_replace,_source,_make,os._exit
+
+# List of valid names for the first argument in a class method.
+valid-classmethod-first-arg=cls
+
+# List of valid names for the first argument in a metaclass class method.
+valid-metaclass-classmethod-first-arg=mcs
+
+
+[DESIGN]
+
+# List of regular expressions of class ancestor names to ignore when counting
+# public methods (see R0903)
+exclude-too-few-public-methods=
+
+# List of qualified class names to ignore when counting class parents (see
+# R0901)
+ignored-parents=
+
+# Maximum number of arguments for function / method.
+max-args=5
+
+# Maximum number of attributes for a class (see R0902).
+max-attributes=7
+
+# Maximum number of boolean expressions in an if statement (see R0916).
+max-bool-expr=5
+
+# Maximum number of branch for function / method body.
+max-branches=12
+
+# Maximum number of locals for function / method body.
+max-locals=15
+
+# Maximum number of parents for a class (see R0901).
+max-parents=7
+
+# Maximum number of positional arguments for function / method.
+max-positional-arguments=5
+
+# Maximum number of public methods for a class (see R0904).
+max-public-methods=20
+
+# Maximum number of return / yield for function / method body.
+max-returns=6
+
+# Maximum number of statements in function / method body.
+max-statements=50
+
+# Minimum number of public methods for a class (see R0903).
+min-public-methods=2
+
+
+[EXCEPTIONS]
+
+# Exceptions that will emit a warning when caught.
+overgeneral-exceptions=builtins.BaseException,builtins.Exception
+
+
+[FORMAT]
+
+# Expected format of line ending, e.g. empty (any line ending), LF or CRLF.
+expected-line-ending-format=
+
+# Regexp for a line that is allowed to be longer than the limit.
+ignore-long-lines=^\s*(# )?<?https?://\S+>?$
+
+# Number of spaces of indent required inside a hanging or continued line.
+indent-after-paren=4
+
+# String used as indentation unit. This is usually "    " (4 spaces) or "\t" (1
+# tab).
+indent-string='    '
+
+# Maximum number of characters on a single line. Pylint's default of 100 is
+# based on PEP 8's guidance that teams may choose line lengths up to 99
+# characters.
+max-line-length=100
+
+# Maximum number of lines in a module.
+max-module-lines=1000
+
+# Allow the body of a class to be on the same line as the declaration if body
+# contains single statement.
+single-line-class-stmt=no
+
+# Allow the body of an if to be on the same line as the test if there is no
+# else.
+single-line-if-stmt=no
+
+
+[LOGGING]
+
+# The type of string formatting that logging methods do. `old` means using %
+# formatting, `new` is for `{}` formatting.
+logging-format-style=old
+
+# Logging modules to check that the string format arguments are in logging
+# function parameter format.
+logging-modules=logging
+
+
+[MESSAGES CONTROL]
+
+# Only show warnings with the listed confidence levels. Leave empty to show
+# all. Valid levels: HIGH, CONTROL_FLOW, INFERENCE, INFERENCE_FAILURE,
+# UNDEFINED.
+confidence=HIGH,
+           CONTROL_FLOW,
+           INFERENCE,
+           INFERENCE_FAILURE,
+           UNDEFINED
+
+# Disable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You
+# can either give multiple identifiers separated by comma (,) or put this
+# option multiple times (only on the command line, not in the configuration
+# file where it should appear only once). You can also use "--disable=all" to
+# disable everything first and then re-enable specific checks. For example, if
+# you want to run only the similarities checker, you can use "--disable=all
+# --enable=similarities". If you want to run only the classes checker, but have
+# no Warning level messages displayed, use "--disable=all --enable=classes
+# --disable=W".
+disable=raw-checker-failed,
+        bad-inline-option,
+        locally-disabled,
+        file-ignored,
+        suppressed-message,
+        useless-suppression,
+        deprecated-pragma,
+        use-symbolic-message-instead,
+        use-implicit-booleaness-not-comparison-to-string,
+        use-implicit-booleaness-not-comparison-to-zero,
+        missing-function-docstring,
+        missing-class-docstring,
+        missing-module-docstring,
+        invalid-name,
+        cyclic-import,
+        too-many-arguments,
+        too-many-locals,
+        too-many-branches,
+        too-many-statements,
+        too-many-instance-attributes,
+        duplicate-code,
+        import-outside-toplevel,
+        too-few-public-methods,
+        unnecessary-ellipsis
+
+# Enable the message, report, category or checker with the given id(s). You can
+# either give multiple identifier separated by comma (,) or put this option
+# multiple time (only on the command line, not in the configuration file where
+# it should appear only once). See also the "--disable" option for examples.
+enable=
+
+
+[METHOD_ARGS]
+
+# List of qualified names (i.e., library.method) which require a timeout
+# parameter e.g. 'requests.api.get,requests.api.post'
+timeout-methods=requests.api.delete,requests.api.get,requests.api.head,requests.api.options,requests.api.patch,requests.api.post,requests.api.put,requests.api.request
+
+
+[MISCELLANEOUS]
+
+# Whether or not to search for fixme's in docstrings.
+check-fixme-in-docstring=no
+
+# List of note tags to take in consideration, separated by a comma.
+notes=FIXME,
+      XXX,
+      TODO
+
+# Regular expression of note tags to take in consideration.
+notes-rgx=
+
+
+[REFACTORING]
+
+# Maximum number of nested blocks for function / method body
+max-nested-blocks=5
+
+# Complete name of functions that never returns. When checking for
+# inconsistent-return-statements if a never returning function is called then
+# it will be considered as an explicit return statement and no message will be
+# printed.
+never-returning-functions=sys.exit,argparse.parse_error
+
+# Let 'consider-using-join' be raised when the separator to join on would be
+# non-empty (resulting in expected fixes of the type: ``"- " + " -
+# ".join(items)``)
+suggest-join-with-non-empty-separator=yes
+
+
+[REPORTS]
+
+# Python expression which should return a score less than or equal to 10. You
+# have access to the variables 'fatal', 'error', 'warning', 'refactor',
+# 'convention', and 'info' which contain the number of messages in each
+# category, as well as 'statement' which is the total number of statements
+# analyzed. This score is used by the global evaluation report (RP0004).
+evaluation=max(0, 0 if fatal else 10.0 - ((float(5 * error + warning + refactor + convention) / statement) * 10))
+
+# Template used to display messages. This is a python new-style format string
+# used to format the message information. See doc for all details.
+msg-template=
+
+# Set the output format. Available formats are: 'text', 'parseable',
+# 'colorized', 'json2' (improved json format), 'json' (old json format), msvs
+# (visual studio) and 'github' (GitHub actions). You can also give a reporter
+# class, e.g. mypackage.mymodule.MyReporterClass.
+#output-format=
+
+# Tells whether to display a full report or only the messages.
+reports=no
+
+# Activate the evaluation score.
+score=yes
+
+
+[SIMILARITIES]
+
+# Comments are removed from the similarity computation
+ignore-comments=yes
+
+# Docstrings are removed from the similarity computation
+ignore-docstrings=yes
+
+# Imports are removed from the similarity computation
+ignore-imports=yes
+
+# Signatures are removed from the similarity computation
+ignore-signatures=yes
+
+# Minimum lines number of a similarity.
+min-similarity-lines=4
+
+
+[SPELLING]
+
+# Limits count of emitted suggestions for spelling mistakes.
+max-spelling-suggestions=4
+
+# Spelling dictionary name. No available dictionaries : You need to install
+# both the python package and the system dependency for enchant to work.
+spelling-dict=
+
+# List of comma separated words that should be considered directives if they
+# appear at the beginning of a comment and should not be checked.
+spelling-ignore-comment-directives=fmt: on,fmt: off,noqa:,noqa,nosec,isort:skip,mypy:
+
+# List of comma separated words that should not be checked.
+spelling-ignore-words=
+
+# A path to a file that contains the private dictionary; one word per line.
+spelling-private-dict-file=
+
+# Tells whether to store unknown words to the private dictionary (see the
+# --spelling-private-dict-file option) instead of raising a message.
+spelling-store-unknown-words=no
+
+
+[STRING]
+
+# This flag controls whether inconsistent-quotes generates a warning when the
+# character used as a quote delimiter is used inconsistently within a module.
+check-quote-consistency=no
+
+# This flag controls whether the implicit-str-concat should generate a warning
+# on implicit string concatenation in sequences defined over several lines.
+check-str-concat-over-line-jumps=no
+
+
+[TYPECHECK]
+
+# List of decorators that produce context managers, such as
+# contextlib.contextmanager. Add to this list to register other decorators that
+# produce valid context managers.
+contextmanager-decorators=contextlib.contextmanager
+
+# List of members which are set dynamically and missed by pylint inference
+# system, and so shouldn't trigger E1101 when accessed. Python regular
+# expressions are accepted.
+generated-members=
+
+# Tells whether to warn about missing members when the owner of the attribute
+# is inferred to be None.
+ignore-none=yes
+
+# This flag controls whether pylint should warn about no-member and similar
+# checks whenever an opaque object is returned when inferring. The inference
+# can return multiple potential results while evaluating a Python object, but
+# some branches might not be evaluated, which results in partial inference. In
+# that case, it might be useful to still emit no-member and other checks for
+# the rest of the inferred objects.
+ignore-on-opaque-inference=yes
+
+# List of symbolic message names to ignore for Mixin members.
+ignored-checks-for-mixins=no-member,
+                          not-async-context-manager,
+                          not-context-manager,
+                          attribute-defined-outside-init
+
+# List of class names for which member attributes should not be checked (useful
+# for classes with dynamically set attributes). This supports the use of
+# qualified names.
+ignored-classes=optparse.Values,thread._local,_thread._local,argparse.Namespace
+
+# Show a hint with possible names when a member name was not found. The aspect
+# of finding the hint is based on edit distance.
+missing-member-hint=yes
+
+# The maximum edit distance a name should have in order to be considered a
+# similar match for a missing member name.
+missing-member-hint-distance=1
+
+# The total number of similar names that should be taken in consideration when
+# showing a hint for a missing member.
+missing-member-max-choices=1
+
+# Regex pattern to define which classes are considered mixins.
+mixin-class-rgx=.*[Mm]ixin
+
+# List of decorators that change the signature of a decorated function.
+signature-mutators=
+
+
+[VARIABLES]
+
+# List of additional names supposed to be defined in builtins. Remember that
+# you should avoid defining new builtins when possible.
+additional-builtins=
+
+# Tells whether unused global variables should be treated as a violation.
+allow-global-unused-variables=yes
+
+# List of names allowed to shadow builtins
+allowed-redefined-builtins=
+
+# List of strings which can identify a callback function by name. A callback
+# name must start or end with one of those strings.
+callbacks=cb_,
+          _cb
+
+# A regular expression matching the name of dummy variables (i.e. expected to
+# not be used).
+dummy-variables-rgx=_+$|(_[a-zA-Z0-9_]*[a-zA-Z0-9]+?$)|dummy|^ignored_|^unused_
+
+# Argument names that match this expression will be ignored.
+ignored-argument-names=_.*|^ignored_|^unused_
+
+# Tells whether we should check for unused import in __init__ files.
+init-import=no
+
+# List of qualified module names which can have objects that can redefine
+# builtins.
+redefining-builtins-modules=six.moves,past.builtins,future.builtins,builtins,io

AGENTS.md

@@ -2,11 +2,18 @@
 
 ## What this is
 
-bot-bottle spins up an isolated container for running AI coding agents with a
-curated set of skills and env vars. The point is to run agents with broad
-permissions inside a sandbox, so a misbehaving agent cannot reach the host.
-A Python CLI (entry point `cli.py`, package `bot_bottle/`) orchestrates
-the container lifecycle and the copying of skills and env vars into it.
+bot-bottle spins up an isolated backend runtime for running AI coding agents
+with a curated set of skills and env vars. The point is to run agents with
+broad permissions inside a sandbox, so a misbehaving agent cannot reach the
+host. A Python CLI (entry point `cli.py`, package `bot_bottle/`) orchestrates
+the runtime lifecycle and the copying of skills and env vars into it.
+The default backend on compatible macOS hosts is macos-container:
+agents and sidecar bundles run through Apple's `container` CLI without
+requiring Docker. On KVM-capable Linux hosts the default is firecracker:
+agents run in a Firecracker microVM reached over SSH on a point-to-point
+TAP, while the sidecar bundle still uses Docker. The legacy Docker
+backend remains available with `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker` or
+`--backend=docker`.
 
 ## Goals
 
@@ -17,7 +24,7 @@ the container lifecycle and the copying of skills and env vars into it.
 ## Non-goals
 
 - Communicating between agents directly
-- Self hosted VMs (v1 uses local Docker containers, not VMs)
+- Removing the Docker backend
 - Advanced agent auditing (lean on git history for auditing)
 
 ## Repository layout
@@ -25,9 +32,8 @@ the container lifecycle and the copying of skills and env vars into it.
 - `README.md` — short public-facing description.
 - `AGENTS.md` — this file, orientation for future agent sessions.
 - `.gitignore` — OS junk.
-- `bot-bottle.json` — legacy manifest of named agents (env / skills / prompt
-  per agent), consumed by `cli.py`. See "Manifest" under
-  "Intended design".
+- `.bot-bottle/` — per-repo agent and bottle manifests (YAML markdown format).
+- `examples/` — example bottles and agents showing the manifest format.
 - `docs/README.md` — docs overview; when to write which document.
 - `docs/prds/` — product requirement docs (see `docs/prds/README.md` for format).
 - `docs/research/` — research notes (see `docs/research/README.md`).
@@ -37,10 +43,11 @@ the container lifecycle and the copying of skills and env vars into it.
 
 - Three kinds of doc, each with its own conventions in-folder; see
   `docs/README.md` for when to write which:
-  - **PRDs** (`docs/prds/`) — one feature per file, numbered
-    `NNNN-kebab.md`. A `Status:` line tracks lifecycle: Draft → Active
-    (shipped to `main`) → Superseded/Retargeted. Format in
-    `docs/prds/README.md`.
+  - **PRDs** (`docs/prds/`) — one feature per file. While a PR is open
+    the file is named `prd-new-<kebab>.md`; CI assigns a sequential
+    number on merge to `main` and renames it. A `Status:` line tracks
+    lifecycle: Draft → Active (shipped to `main`) →
+    Superseded/Retargeted. Format in `docs/prds/README.md`.
   - **Research notes** (`docs/research/`) — opinionated investigations;
     unnumbered kebab-case, freeform and verdict-first. See
     `docs/research/README.md`.

Dockerfile.codex

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-# bot-bottle Codex provider image.
-#
-# Mirrors the default Claude image shape: Node LTS, git/network tooling,
-# non-root node user, and the provider CLI installed globally.
-
-FROM node:22-slim
-
-RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates openssh-client socat curl dnsutils python3 python3-pip python3-venv \
-  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-RUN npm install -g --no-fund --no-audit @openai/codex@0.136.0 \
-  && npm cache clean --force
-
-USER node
-WORKDIR /home/node
-
-RUN mkdir -p /home/node/.codex
-
-CMD ["codex"]

Dockerfile.sidecars

@@ -1,51 +1,38 @@
 # Per-bottle sidecar bundle image (PRD 0024).
 #
-# Collapses the four prior per-sidecar images (pipelock, egress,
-# git-gate, supervise) into one. A small stdlib-Python init
-# supervisor at /app/sidecar_init.py spawns all four daemons,
-# forwards SIGTERM, and propagates per-daemon stdout/stderr to the
-# container log with a `[name]` prefix. See PRD 0024 for the
-# rationale.
+# Collapses the prior per-sidecar images (egress, git-gate,
+# supervise) into one. A small stdlib-Python init supervisor at
+# /app/sidecar_init.py spawns all daemons, forwards SIGTERM, and
+# propagates per-daemon stdout/stderr to the container log with a
+# `[name]` prefix. See PRD 0024 for the rationale.
 #
-# Layout (preserved verbatim from the prior four Dockerfiles so the
-# compose renderer's bind-mount paths and docker-cp targets keep
-# working):
+# Layout:
 #
-#   /usr/local/bin/pipelock              pipelock binary
 #   /usr/bin/gitleaks                    gitleaks binary
 #   /app/egress_addon.py + siblings      mitmproxy addon (egress)
 #   /app/egress-entrypoint.sh            mitmdump launcher
 #   /app/supervise_server.py + .py       supervise MCP server
 #   /app/sidecar_init.py                 PID 1 supervisor
-#   /etc/pipelock.yaml                   bind-mounted at run time
 #   /etc/egress/routes.yaml              bind-mounted at run time
 #   /etc/git-gate/pre-receive            docker-cp'd at start time
 #   /git-gate-entrypoint.sh              docker-cp'd at start time
 #   /git-gate/creds/*                    docker-cp'd at start time
 #   /git/*                               bare repos, populated at runtime
-#   /run/supervise/queue/                bind-mounted at run time
+#   /run/supervise/bot-bottle.db         bind-mounted at run time
 #   /home/mitmproxy/.mitmproxy/          mitmproxy CA dir
 #
 # Exposed ports inside the container:
-#   8888  pipelock (HTTPS_PROXY)
-#   9099  egress (mitmproxy, pipelock's upstream — not externally
-#                 addressed by the agent)
+#   9099  egress (mitmproxy, agent-facing HTTPS proxy)
 #   9418  git-gate (git-daemon)
-#   9420  git-gate smart HTTP (smolmachines agent-facing transport)
+#   9420  git-gate smart HTTP (VM-backend agent-facing transport)
 #   9100  supervise (MCP HTTP)
 
-# Stage 1: pipelock binary. The upstream pipelock image is a
-# scratch image with the binary at /pipelock (entrypoint).
-# Pinned by digest in lockstep with
-# bot_bottle/backend/docker/pipelock.py:PIPELOCK_IMAGE.
-FROM ghcr.io/luckypipewrench/pipelock@sha256:3b1a39417b98406ddc5dc2d8fcb42865ddc0c68a43d355db55f0f8cb06bc6de9 AS pipelock-src
-
-# Stage 2: gitleaks binary. The upstream gitleaks image is alpine
+# Stage 1: gitleaks binary. The upstream gitleaks image is alpine
 # with the binary at /usr/bin/gitleaks. Pinned by digest in lockstep
 # with Dockerfile.git-gate's prior base (now deleted at chunk 3).
 FROM zricethezav/gitleaks@sha256:c00b6bd0aeb3071cbcb79009cb16a60dd9e0a7c60e2be9ab65d25e6bc8abbb7f AS gitleaks-src
 
-# Stage 3: assembly. mitmproxy/mitmproxy is debian-slim-based with
+# Stage 2: assembly. mitmproxy/mitmproxy is debian-slim-based with
 # Python + mitmdump pre-installed — heavier than the others, so
 # this stage starts there and pulls the standalone binaries in.
 FROM mitmproxy/mitmproxy:11.1.3
@@ -60,16 +47,14 @@ USER root
 #     plus the core `git` binary the pre-receive hook invokes.
 #   openssh-client supplies the upstream SSH transport the
 #     pre-receive hook uses to forward accepted refs.
-#   ca-certificates is needed for both pipelock and mitmdump
-#     upstream TLS (the base image already has it; listed for
-#     explicitness).
+#   ca-certificates is needed for mitmdump upstream TLS (the
+#     base image already has it; listed for explicitness).
 RUN apt-get update \
  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
       git openssh-client ca-certificates \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # Pull the standalone binaries into the final image.
-COPY --from=pipelock-src /pipelock        /usr/local/bin/pipelock
 COPY --from=gitleaks-src /usr/bin/gitleaks /usr/bin/gitleaks
 
 # Project Python: addon + server modules + the init supervisor.
@@ -77,8 +62,16 @@ COPY --from=gitleaks-src /usr/bin/gitleaks /usr/bin/gitleaks
 # top-level siblings (absolute imports), matching the prior
 # Dockerfile.egress / Dockerfile.supervise layout.
 COPY bot_bottle/egress_addon_core.py /app/egress_addon_core.py
+COPY bot_bottle/egress_dlp_config.py /app/egress_dlp_config.py
 COPY bot_bottle/egress_addon.py      /app/egress_addon.py
+COPY bot_bottle/dlp_detectors.py     /app/dlp_detectors.py
 COPY bot_bottle/yaml_subset.py       /app/yaml_subset.py
+COPY bot_bottle/migrations.py        /app/migrations.py
+COPY bot_bottle/db_store.py          /app/db_store.py
+COPY bot_bottle/supervise_types.py   /app/supervise_types.py
+COPY bot_bottle/queue_store.py       /app/queue_store.py
+COPY bot_bottle/audit_store.py       /app/audit_store.py
+COPY bot_bottle/store_manager.py     /app/store_manager.py
 COPY bot_bottle/supervise.py         /app/supervise.py
 COPY bot_bottle/supervise_server.py  /app/supervise_server.py
 COPY bot_bottle/sidecar_init.py      /app/sidecar_init.py
@@ -94,7 +87,7 @@ RUN mkdir -p \
       /etc/git-gate \
       /git-gate/creds \
       /git \
-      /run/supervise/queue \
+      /run/supervise \
       /home/mitmproxy/.mitmproxy
 
 # Documentation only — the compose renderer publishes whichever

README.md

@@ -5,97 +5,38 @@
 # bot-bottle
 
 [![test](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/actions?workflow=test.yml)
+[![coverage](https://img.shields.io/badge/coverage-84%25-brightgreen)](https://coverage.readthedocs.io/)
+[![core coverage](https://img.shields.io/badge/core%20coverage-95%25-brightgreen)](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/src/branch/main/docs/decisions/0004-coverage-policy.md)
 
-Run multiple Claude Code agents on your own machine, each scoped to its own secrets, skills, and egress allowlist.
+**Problem:** Developer wants to run a coding agent without supervision, but they don't want a prompt injected or misbehaving agent wrecking their environment or exfiltrating sensitive data.
 
-![pipelock and git-gate blocking exfil attempts against a live bottle](docs/demo.gif)
+**Solution:** Ephemeral, per agent "bottles" the agent cannot modify that scan all traffic for data exfiltration and limit capabilities and egress to only what the agent needs.
 
-Four prompts to the agent inside a real bottle:
-claude replies to `hello there` — proof api.anthropic.com routes
-through pipelock's bumped TLS end-to-end;
-asked to GET a non-allowlisted host, the agent's curl gets 403 back
-from pipelock;
-asked to POST a credential-shaped body to an allowlisted host, the
-same 403 — pipelock's DLP body scanner caught it;
-asked to commit and push an AKIA-shaped key, git-gate's gitleaks
-pre-receive hook rejects the ref.
-Run it yourself with `bash scripts/demo.sh`.
+## Features
 
-## Why "bot-bottle"?
-
-Each container is a bottle; Claude is the genie inside. The genie's
-powers are exactly what the manifest grants it — a specific set of
-skills, a specific set of secrets, and a specific set of hosts it can
-reach — nothing more. You uncork one bottle per agent
-(`./cli.py start <agent>`), many bottles run in parallel, and each is
-scoped to its task. When the session ends the bottle is destroyed and
-the genie does not persist.
-
-## Goals
-
-- Scope each agent to the minimum credentials and network egress its task actually needs
-- Run multiple agents in parallel, isolated from each other
-- Keep code, credentials, and agent activity on infrastructure I control — no third-party agent runtime
-
-## Project status
-
-bot-bottle is a self-hosted secure runtime for AI coding agents.
-Each agent runs in an isolated container or micro-VM-backed bottle with
-scoped secrets, allowlisted egress, TLS-aware proxying, DLP checks, and
-a git-gate that withholds upstream credentials and scans pushes before
-forwarding. The project includes a documented threat model, PRD-driven
-development history, Docker and smolmachines backends, dashboard and
-remediation flows, and unit/integration tests covering exfiltration and
-sandbox escape scenarios.
-
-## Security model
-
-Each agent runs in its own bottle: its own container, its own internal
-Docker network, and its own pipelock sidecar. Bottles don't share
-state, don't talk to each other, and only get the env vars, skills,
-SSH identities, and egress hosts the manifest grants them — nothing
-more. Any one agent only has the access it needs to do its job.
-
-The bottle limits both what an agent can see and where it can send
-it. Each bottle gets only the secrets and SSH identities the manifest
-grants it — a Gitea token but not a GitHub token, a deploy key but
-not a personal SSH key — so even a compromised or misbehaving agent
-only handles credentials it was already trusted with for its job.
-Egress flows through pipelock, which constrains where those
-credentials can travel: an agent with a Gitea token can reach
-`gitea.dideric.is`, not arbitrary attacker-controlled hosts. The same
-constraint blocks DNS-over-HTTPS as an exfil channel — a DoH resolver
-like `cloudflare-dns.com` would have to be on the allowlist for the
-agent to reach it at all. The container itself adds a layer between
-the agent and the host, but the v1 design leans more on secret
-minimization and egress allowlisting than on the container as a
-hardened boundary. On Linux hosts where [gVisor](https://gvisor.dev/)
-is registered with Docker, bot-bottle auto-detects it and launches
-every bottle under `runsc` for a userspace syscall barrier — no
-manifest configuration required. The broader v2 discussion lives in
-`docs/research/stronger-isolation-alternatives.md`.
-
-The egress proxy and OAuth-token handling below are the load-bearing
-pieces of v1.
+- **Per-bottle egress allowlist** — TLS-bumped HTTP/HTTPS chokepoint with a per-manifest host allowlist; per-route path/method/header `matches` filtering; outbound DLP scanning for known tokens and secrets, inbound DLP scanning for prompt-injection attempts; DoH and arbitrary hosts blocked by default.
+- **Per-route token-match policy** — each egress route picks what happens when the outbound DLP catches a token via `dlp.outbound_on_match`: `supervise` (default) holds the request and surfaces it in `./cli.py supervise` for approval (an approved value is remembered for the life of the proxy); `redact` scrubs the value and forwards; `block` is a hard `403`. Cuts false-positive friction without weakening default-deny.
+- **Tokens the agent never sees** — host secrets live in a sidecar; the agent dials `http://sidecar:9099/<path>` and the proxy strips inbound `Authorization` and injects the real token before forwarding. `printenv` in the agent shows proxy URLs only.
+- **Gitleaks-scanned push (git-gate)** — `bottle.git` remotes route through a per-bottle `git daemon` that gitleaks-scans incoming refs pre-receive and forwards clean refs upstream over SSH. The agent never holds the upstream credential.
+- **Manifest-scoped skills + secrets** — each bottle declares its skills, env, git identity, remotes, and egress routes; unknown keys die at load.
+- **Trust boundary at `$HOME`** — bottles (credentials, egress, remotes) live only under `~/.bot-bottle/bottles/`. Repos may ship agents but not bottles, so a cloned repo can't redirect an env var to an attacker host.
+- **Composable bottles (`extends:`)** — keep provider/runtime policy in one base bottle (e.g. `claude.md`) and overlay task bottles on top.
+- **Parallel, isolated bottles** — each bottle runs in its own backend-owned isolation boundary; bottles don't share state or talk to each other.
+- **Provider templates (Claude, Codex)** — `Dockerfile.claude` / `Dockerfile.codex`, or a bottle-supplied Dockerfile. Claude auth via long-lived OAuth token; Codex via opt-in host device-auth forwarding.
+- **gVisor auto-detect** — on Linux hosts where `runsc` is registered with Docker, every bottle launches under it for a userspace syscall barrier; no manifest config required.
+- **Apple Container backend (macOS default when available)** — runs the agent and sidecar bundle with Apple's `container` CLI, using a host-only agent network plus a separate sidecar egress network.
+- **Firecracker backend (Linux default when available)** — runs the agent in a KVM Firecracker microVM reached over SSH on a point-to-point TAP, with the sidecar bundle in Docker. A dedicated, fail-closed `nftables` table isolates the guest, closing the raw DNS/IP exfiltration gap that exists in the legacy Docker backend. Requires KVM (`/dev/kvm`) and a one-time privileged network-pool setup.
+- **Legacy Docker backend** — still available for examples, CI, and hosts without Apple Container or KVM via `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker` or `--backend=docker`.
 
 ## Architecture
 
-A bottle is two containers per agent: an `agent` container, and a
-`sidecars` container that bundles pipelock + egress + git-gate +
-supervise behind a Python init supervisor (PRD 0024). They share a
-per-agent Docker `--internal` network; the agent has no default
-route off-box. All HTTP and HTTPS egress funnels through pipelock,
-where the egress allowlist, TLS interception, and request-body DLP
-scanner enforce the manifest before any byte leaves the host. The
-only egress that doesn't traverse pipelock is git-gate's SSH
-push/fetch to `bottle.git` upstreams — pipelock can't proxy SSH,
-so git-gate is its own L4-style egress path with gitleaks doing
-the pre-receive scan.
+On the default macOS Apple Container backend, a bottle is an agent container on a host-only internal network plus a sidecar bundle attached to both that internal network and a NAT egress network. The agent gets HTTP(S)_PROXY and CA bundle env vars pointing at the sidecar's internal-network IP, so HTTP/HTTPS traffic flows through the sidecar instead of direct egress. `bottle.git` / git-gate is intentionally deferred on this backend until a safe Apple Container key-delivery path exists.
 
-The agent dials the bundle by the legacy short names (`pipelock`,
-`egress`, `git-gate`, `supervise`); the renderer registers those as
-docker-network aliases on the bundle so existing HTTPS_PROXY URLs
-and MCP endpoints resolve without an agent-side change.
+On the Firecracker backend, a bottle is an agent microVM plus a Docker sidecar bundle for egress, git-gate, and supervise. The VM reaches the sidecars over a per-bottle point-to-point TAP link; a dedicated fail-closed `nftables` table (`inet bot_bottle_fc`) confines the guest to that link, so nothing leaves the box except through the sidecars. The TAP pool and nft table are provisioned once (root); per-launch needs no privilege.
+
+On the legacy Docker backend, the same logical bottle is two containers per agent: an `agent` container and a `sidecars` container. They share a per-agent Docker `--internal` network; the agent has no default route off-box.
+
+The Docker topology looks like this:
 
 ```
                             host  ( ./cli.py )
@@ -104,225 +45,64 @@ and MCP endpoints resolve without an agent-side change.
                                   ▼
    ┌─────────────────────────── bottle ──────────────────────────────────┐
    │                                                                     │
-   │   ┌──────────────────┐                                              │
-   │   │ agent image      │  HTTPS_PROXY                                 │
-   │   │ (claude-code,    │ ────────────────────────┐                    │
-   │   │  built locally)  │                         │                    │
-   │   │                  │   plain HTTP            │                    │
-   │   │ skills, env,     │  (token injection) ┌────▼─────────┐          │
-   │   │ ~/.gitconfig,    │ ──────────────────►│ cred-proxy   │          │
-   │   │ ~/.npmrc, tea    │                    │ (strips/inj  │          │
-   │   │                  │                    │  Authoriz.)  │          │
-   │   │ environ: URLs    │                    └─────┬────────┘          │
-   │   │ only, no real    │     HTTPS_PROXY          │                   │
-   │   │ tokens           │                          ▼                   │
-   │   │                  │                  ┌────────────────┐          │  HTTPS to
-   │   │                  │                  │ pipelock image │──────────┼──►  allowlisted
-   │   │                  │                  │ (TLS bump, DLP │          │     hosts (incl.
-   │   │                  │                  │  body scan,    │          │      cred-proxy
-   │   │                  │                  │  allowlist)    │          │      upstreams)
-   │   │                  │                  └────────────────┘          │
-   │   │                  │                                              │
-   │   │                  │   git://         ┌────────────────┐          │  SSH push/fetch
+   │   ┌──────────────────┐                   ┌──────────────────────┐   │
+   │   │ agent image      │   HTTP(S) proxy   │ egress image         │   │
+   │   │ (claude-code,    │ ─────────────────►│ (mitmproxy; TLS bump │   │  HTTPS to
+   │   │  codex, etc)     │                   │  DLP scan, path      │───┼──►  allowlisted
+   │   │                  │                   │  matching, auth      │   │     hosts
+   │   │ environ: proxy   │                   │  injection)          │   │
+   │   │ URLs only, no    │                   └──────────────────────┘   │
+   │   │ real tokens      │                                              │
+   │   │                  │    git proxy     ┌────────────────┐          │  SSH push/fetch
    │   │                  │ ────────────────►│ git-gate image │──────────┼──►  to bottle.git
    │   │                  │                  │ (gitleaks +    │          │      upstreams
    │   └──────────────────┘                  │  git daemon)   │          │     (direct — not
-   │                                         └────────────────┘          │      via pipelock)
+   │                                         └────────────────┘          │      via egress)
    │                                                                     │
-   │   agent on internal network (no default route); pipelock,           │
-   │   cred-proxy, and git-gate straddle internal + egress networks.     │
-   │   pipelock is the single HTTP/HTTPS chokepoint — cred-proxy's       │
-   │   outbound traverses it too. git-gate's SSH egress is direct        │
-   │   because pipelock is HTTP-only.                                    │
+   │   agent on internal network (no default route); egress and          │
+   │   git-gate straddle internal + egress networks.                     │
+   │   egress is the single HTTP/HTTPS chokepoint — all agent HTTP/HTTPS │
+   │   traffic flows through it. git-gate's SSH egress is direct         │
+   │   because egress is HTTP-only.                                      │
    └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
 ```
 
-- **agent image** — built from the provider template Dockerfile
-  (`Dockerfile.claude` for Claude, `Dockerfile.codex` for Codex, or
-  `agent_provider.dockerfile`) on first run; runs the selected agent
-  CLI with the manifest-granted skills, env vars, and `~/.gitconfig`
-  (the latter for the git-gate's `insteadOf` rules when `bottle.git`
-  is set).
-- **pipelock image** — per-agent sidecar. Terminates the agent's
-  outbound HTTP/HTTPS, enforces the resolved allowlist, runs DLP
-  scanning. Design in `docs/prds/0001-per-agent-egress-proxy-via-pipelock.md`
-  and `docs/prds/0006-pipelock-tls-interception.md`.
-- **git-gate image** — per-agent sidecar built on `zricethezav/gitleaks`
-  (alpine + gitleaks + git-daemon + openssh-client). Runs
-  `git daemon` over `git://` as a bidirectional mirror of each
-  declared upstream. A pre-receive hook gitleaks-scans incoming
-  refs and forwards clean refs to the real upstream over SSH; an
-  access-hook runs `git fetch origin --prune` against the upstream
-  before every upload-pack so an agent fetch returns whatever the
-  upstream has *now* (fail-closed if unreachable). The agent's
-  `~/.gitconfig` rewrites the real URL to the gate via `insteadOf`,
-  so push, fetch, clone, and pull all route through. The agent
-  never sees the upstream credential. Brought up only when
-  `bottle.git` has entries. Design in `docs/prds/0008-git-gate.md`.
-- **cred-proxy image** — per-bottle sidecar (`python:3.13-alpine`
-  base, stdlib-only) that holds API tokens declared in
-  `bottle.cred_proxy.routes`. Each route names a `path`,
-  `upstream`, `auth_scheme`, and `token_ref` (host env var); the
-  agent dials `http://cred-proxy:9099<path>...` over plain HTTP
-  and the proxy strips any inbound `Authorization`, injects
-  `<auth_scheme> <token>` using the value held only in its own
-  container's environ, and forwards to the real upstream over
-  HTTPS. SSE responses stream back unbuffered. The cred-proxy's
-  outbound HTTPS routes through pipelock (it trusts pipelock's
-  per-bottle CA), so pipelock's egress allowlist + body scanner
-  apply to cred-proxy traffic the same way they apply to direct
-  agent traffic. Smart-HTTP push paths (`/git-receive-pack`,
-  `/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack`) are refused at the
-  proxy — push must go through `bottle.git` / git-gate where
-  gitleaks runs. Optional per-route `role` tags drive agent-side
-  rewrites: `anthropic-base-url`, `npm-registry`, `git-insteadof`,
-  `tea-login`. The agent's `printenv` shows only proxy URLs —
-  none of the real token values. Design in
-  `docs/prds/0010-cred-proxy.md`.
-
-When the agent exits, `cli.py` tears down every sidecar that was
-brought up and the two networks; nothing about a bottle persists
-between runs.
+When the agent exits, `cli.py` tears down every sidecar and both networks; nothing about a bottle persists between runs.
 
 ## Quickstart
 
-Requires Docker on the host and a long-lived Claude Code OAuth token in
-your shell env.
+On compatible macOS hosts, the default backend requires Apple's `container` CLI and does not require Docker. The Firecracker backend (Linux) requires Docker on the host for the sidecar bundle plus the `firecracker` binary and KVM. The legacy Docker backend requires Docker. Claude bottles also need a long-lived Claude Code OAuth token (`claude setup-token`) exported as `BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN`.
+
+Use `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker ./cli.py start <agent>` on hosts where neither Apple Container nor KVM is available and Docker is the desired backend.
+
+### Firecracker on Linux
+
+On Linux, a KVM-capable host defaults to the Firecracker backend. It needs:
+
+- **`/dev/kvm`** present and accessible. Load `kvm-intel` or `kvm-amd` (and enable virtualization in BIOS/firmware). The invoking user must be in the `kvm` group: `sudo usermod -aG kvm "$USER"` then re-login. bot-bottle preflights this and reports exactly what's missing.
+- **`firecracker`** on `PATH`: grab a release from <https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases>. Start flows print this pointer when the binary is missing.
+- **Docker** for the sidecar bundle and image build.
+- **A one-time privileged network setup** — the per-bottle TAP pool plus the fail-closed `nftables` isolation table. Run `./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker` for the host-appropriate config (a NixOS module, a `sudo` script elsewhere); `./cli.py backend status --backend=firecracker` reports what's present, including whether the pool range collides with an existing route. The pool defaults to `10.243.0.0/16` (an obscure RFC-1918 block that dodges docker/libvirt/LAN and, deliberately, Tailscale's `100.64.0.0/10` CGNAT range); override with `BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE` if it clashes on your host.
+
+```sh
+BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker ./cli.py start <agent>
+```
+
+> **NixOS:** enable `virtualisation.docker`, ensure the KVM module is loaded (`boot.kernelModules = [ "kvm-intel" ];` or `kvm-amd`), and add your user to the `kvm` and `docker` groups. For the network pool, consume the flake module — `imports = [ inputs.bot-bottle.nixosModules.firecracker-netpool ]; services.bot-bottle-firecracker = { enable = true; owner = "you"; };` — then `nixos-rebuild switch` (imperative nft/TAP rules don't survive a rebuild; channel users can `imports = [ <bot-bottle>/nix/firecracker-netpool.nix ]`). `firecracker` isn't in nixpkgs by default as a user binary — install the release binary (pin the version) and put it on `PATH`.
 
 ```sh
 ./cli.py start <agent>   # builds the image on first run, drops you into claude
 ```
 
-The container is removed automatically when the session ends. If the script
-is killed with SIGKILL the exit trap won't fire and the container may be
-left running; remove it with `docker rm -f <container-name>`.
-
-### Smolmachines backend (experimental, macOS-only)
-
-A second backend runs the agent in a smolvm micro-VM (libkrun) with the
-sidecar bundle still in Docker. Selected via
-`BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines ./cli.py start <agent>`. Requires
-`smolvm` on PATH (`curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh`).
-
-The integration tests run against whichever backend the env var
-selects and skip cleanly when its prerequisites are missing.
-
-**One-time sudo on first launch (macOS):** smolmachines bottles
-each reserve a loopback alias from a pool (`127.0.0.16` ..
-`127.0.0.31`) and bind their bundle's port-forwards to it; the
-first `./cli.py start` after each reboot prompts for sudo to add
-missing aliases via `ifconfig lo0 alias`. Aliases persist until
-reboot; subsequent launches don't prompt. The agent's TSI
-allowlist is the alias's `/32`, so each bottle can only reach
-its own bundle's published ports — not other bottles' ports,
-not other host loopback services (postgres, dev servers, etc.).
-
-This enforcement requires a workaround for a smolvm 0.8.0 bug:
-the CLI's `--allow-cidr` flag is silently dropped when combined
-with `--from <smolmachine>`. The launcher patches smolvm's
-persistent state DB
-(`~/Library/Application Support/smolvm/server/smolvm.db`)
-directly between `machine create` and `machine start` to set
-the allowlist. The hack falls away automatically when smolvm
-honors the flag upstream — see the `loopback_alias` module's
-docstring for the investigation trail.
-
 ## Manifest
 
-Bottles and agents live as Markdown files with YAML frontmatter under
-`~/.bot-bottle/`. Each bottle is one file in `bottles/`, each agent
-is one file in `agents/`:
+Bottles and agents are Markdown files with YAML frontmatter under `~/.bot-bottle/`. The Markdown body is the system prompt. Bottles live in `~/.bot-bottle/bottles/`; agents may also be shipped by a repo at `<repo>/.bot-bottle/agents/<name>.md`.
 
-```
-~/.bot-bottle/
-├── bottles/
-│   ├── dev.md
-│   └── gitea-dev.md
-└── agents/
-    ├── implementer.md
-    └── researcher.md
-```
-
-The filename (without `.md`) is the entity's name. Filenames must
-match `[a-z][a-z0-9-]*`; files that don't are skipped with a warning.
-
-A repo can ship its own agent files alongside its code at
-`<repo>/.bot-bottle/agents/<name>.md`. Those agents reference
-bottles defined in `~/.bot-bottle/bottles/` (the only place
-bottles can come from); a `bottles/` subdir in a repo is ignored
-with a warning. **This is the trust boundary**: bottle infrastructure
-— credentials, egress allowlists, git remotes — comes from your home
-directory only. A cloned repo cannot redirect a host env var to an
-attacker-named upstream because it has no way to declare a bottle.
-
-### Bottle composition with `extends:`
-
-A bottle can inherit from another via `extends: <bottle-name>` so
-operators don't have to duplicate a whole bottle file to vary one
-field (PRD 0025). The parent's resolved config is the base; the
-child's declared fields overlay. Merge rules:
-
-- `env:` — dict merge, child wins on key collision.
-- `git.user:` — per-field overlay (child's non-empty `name` /
-  `email` wins; empty falls through to parent).
-- `git.remotes:` — dict merge by host, child wins on host collision.
-  An explicit `git.remotes: {}` clears the parent's remotes; omitting
-  `git.remotes` inherits the parent's remotes.
-- `agent_provider:`, `egress:`, `supervise:` — full replace when the
-  child declares the field.
-
-```yaml
----
-extends: dev          # inherit everything from bottles/dev.md
-egress:
-  routes:
-    - host: staging.example.com
-      auth:
-        scheme: Bearer
-        token_ref: STAGING_TOKEN
----
-```
-
-Cycles (`A extends B extends A`), self-references, and missing
-parents die at parse with a clear pointer. Bottles remain
-`$HOME`-only — `extends:` preserves the trust boundary above.
-
-### Provider base bottles
-
-Keep provider/runtime policy in one home-owned base bottle, then have
-task bottles extend it. That keeps provider egress/auth in one place
-without hiding security-relevant routes behind `agent_provider.template`.
-
-For example, `~/.bot-bottle/bottles/claude.md` can hold the Claude
-provider selection and Anthropic API egress:
+**Bottle** (`~/.bot-bottle/bottles/gitea-dev.md`):
 
 ````markdown
 ---
-agent_provider:
-  template: claude
-
-egress:
-  routes:
-    - host: api.anthropic.com
-      role: claude_code_oauth
-      auth:
-        scheme: Bearer
-        token_ref: BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN
-      pipelock:
-        tls_passthrough: true
----
-
-Common Claude provider boundary.
-````
-
-Task bottles can then inherit that provider boundary and add their own
-env/git configuration without repeating the Claude route.
-
-### Example bottle (`~/.bot-bottle/bottles/gitea-dev.md`)
-
-````markdown
----
-extends: claude
+extends: claude          # inherit the Claude provider boundary
 
 env:
   GIT_AUTHOR_NAME: didericis
@@ -337,187 +117,64 @@ git:
       Upstream: ssh://git@gitea.dideric.is:30009/didericis/bot-bottle.git
       IdentityFile: /Users/didericis/.ssh/id_ed25519_gitea
       KnownHostKey: ssh-ed25519 AAAA...
----
-
-The `gitea-dev` bottle. Backs my work on personal projects: provider
-auth through egress and gitea.dideric.is over SSH.
-````
-
-For a Codex-backed base bottle, set `agent_provider.template: codex`.
-The Codex template expects ChatGPT/device login state instead of an
-`OPENAI_API_KEY` env var; no API-key placeholder is forwarded into the
-agent. To let bot-bottle read the host's current Codex ChatGPT access
-token and inject it from egress only for Codex's API calls, opt in
-explicitly:
-
-```yaml
-agent_provider:
-  template: codex
-  forward_host_credentials: true
 
 egress:
   routes:
-    - host: auth.openai.com
-      path_allowlist:
-        - /api/accounts/deviceauth/
-```
+    - host: gitea.dideric.is
+      auth:
+        scheme: token        # Bearer | token
+        token_ref: BOT_BOTTLE_GITEA_TOKEN
+      matches:               # optional — restrict to specific paths/methods/headers
+        - paths:
+            - {type: prefix, value: /api/v1/}
+          methods: [GET, POST, PATCH, DELETE]
+      dlp:                   # optional — per-route detector overrides (default: all on)
+        outbound_detectors: [token_patterns, known_secrets]
+        inbound_detectors: false   # disable response scanning for this host
+---
 
-Run `codex login --device-auth` on the host before launch. The
-launcher reads `tokens.access_token` from the host's
-`~/.codex/auth.json`, verifies it is fresh user/device auth, and passes
-it to the sidecar's `EGRESS_TOKEN_N` env slot. The agent container gets
-a dummy `~/.codex/auth.json` that preserves the host auth-mode shape
-but replaces credential values with placeholders. It keeps the selected
-ChatGPT account id so Codex sends requests for the same account while
-egress owns the real bearer token. The agent never receives real access
-tokens, refresh tokens, or `OPENAI_API_KEY`. The effective egress table
-automatically adds or upgrades `api.openai.com` and `chatgpt.com` to
-authenticated routes when `forward_host_credentials` is true.
+The `gitea-dev` bottle. Provider auth via the inherited Claude route;
+gitea over SSH for push, token over HTTPS for the API.
+````
 
-The built-in Codex template uses `Dockerfile.codex`; set
-`agent_provider.dockerfile` to build the agent from a custom Dockerfile
-while keeping the bot-bottle sidecars in place.
-
-### Example agent (`~/.bot-bottle/agents/gitea-helper.md`)
+**Agent** (`~/.bot-bottle/agents/gitea-helper.md`):
 
 ````markdown
 ---
 bottle: gitea-dev
 skills:
   - init-prd
-git:
-  user:
-    name: gitea-helper
-    email: eric+gitea-helper@dideric.is
 ---
 
 You help maintain Gitea-hosted projects.
 ````
 
-The agent's Markdown body is its system prompt (whitespace
-stripped). The frontmatter declares the bottle to launch in and any
-skills to mount. You can also include Claude Code subagent fields
-(`name`, `description`, `model`, `color`, `memory`) in the
-frontmatter — bot-bottle ignores them at launch but doesn't
-reject them, so the same file can drop into `~/.claude/agents/` as a
-Claude Code subagent.
+**Egress route fields:**
 
-An agent may also declare `git.user` (`name` / `email`). It overlays
-the referenced bottle's `git.user` per-field — the agent's non-empty
-fields win, the rest fall through to the bottle — so two agents can
-share one bottle and still commit under distinct identities without
-an identity-only bottle (PRD 0027). Only `git.user` is allowed at the
-agent level; `git.remotes` stays bottle-only because it carries
-credentials and host trust. The launch preflight and `cli.py info`
-print the effective identity annotated `(agent)` / `(bottle)` so you
-can see where each field came from. Git authorship is not a
-credential — push auth is the bottle's remote key/token — so a
-repo-shipped agent setting its own identity grants no access; treat
-an agent identity as *claimed, not vouched*.
+| Field | Required | Description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `host` | yes | Hostname to allowlist. One entry per host. |
+| `role` | no | Reserved for future use. The key is recognised but any value is currently rejected at load. Provider auth routes (e.g. Claude's `api.anthropic.com`) are injected automatically from `agent_provider.auth_token`, not via `role`. |
+| `auth.scheme` | when `auth` present | `Bearer` or `token`. Injected by the proxy; the agent never sees the value. |
+| `auth.token_ref` | when `auth` present | Env-var name holding the secret on the host. |
+| `matches` | no | Array of `{paths, methods, headers}` filters. A request must match at least one entry (if any are given) to be forwarded. |
+| `matches[].paths` | no | Array of `{type, value}`. `type` is `prefix` (default), `exact`, or `regex`. |
+| `matches[].methods` | no | Array of HTTP method strings, e.g. `[GET, POST]`. |
+| `matches[].headers` | no | Array of `{name, value, type}`. `type` is `exact` (default) or `regex`. |
+| `dlp` | no | Per-route DLP overrides. Omit to use defaults (all detectors on). |
+| `dlp.outbound_detectors` | no | `false` disables outbound scanning; list restricts to named detectors (`token_patterns`, `known_secrets`). |
+| `dlp.inbound_detectors` | no | `false` disables inbound scanning; list restricts to named detectors (`naive_injection_detection`). |
+| `dlp.outbound_on_match` | no | What to do when an outbound token is detected: `supervise` (default for manifest routes — hold for operator approval), `redact` (scrub the value and forward), or `block` (hard 403). Agent-provider routes (e.g. `api.anthropic.com`) default to `redact`. |
+| `git.fetch` | no | `true` permits smart HTTP clone/fetch (`git-upload-pack`) for this host. Push (`git-receive-pack`) remains blocked. |
 
-Unknown top-level frontmatter keys die at load with a "did you mean"
-pointer; typos don't silently ghost into an empty config.
+When an outbound DLP detector matches a token, the route's `dlp.outbound_on_match` policy decides what happens. Under the default `supervise`, the proxy queues an `egress-token-allow` proposal for the operator's `./cli.py supervise` TUI and holds the request open until it is answered (or `EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW_TIMEOUT_SECONDS`, default 300s, elapses — after which it fails closed). The operator never sees the raw token, only the host, method, path, and a redacted snippet; approving adds the value to an in-memory safelist for the life of the egress proxy. Under `redact`, the matched value is scrubbed from the body, headers, and path and the request is forwarded (failing closed if a match lands somewhere unredactable, like the hostname). Under `block` it stays a hard `403`. Structural blocks (CRLF injection) and not-in-allowlist host blocks are always hard `403`s regardless of policy.
 
-The YAML subset the frontmatter accepts is bounded (flat keys,
-strings / ints / true-or-false bools / null / lists / one-level
-nested dicts). Anchors, multi-line block scalars, tags, and
-ambiguous bare strings (`yes` / `NO` / `2026-05-24` /
-`0x...`) all die with a clear pointer at the spec — quote your
-strings when in doubt. The full schema lives in
-`bot_bottle/yaml_subset.py` (~450 lines, stdlib-only, no PyYAML).
-
-Working examples live under `examples/`. Pipelock's design lives in
-`docs/prds/0001-per-agent-egress-proxy-via-pipelock.md` and the
-rationale in `docs/research/pipelock-assessment.md`. The trust
-boundary rationale lives in `docs/prds/0011-per-file-md-manifest.md`.
-
-## Auth: Claude OAuth token, not API key
-
-Bottles that use `agent_provider.template: claude` authenticate
-`claude` inside the container with the same Pro/Max subscription you
-already use on the host, via a long-lived OAuth token. No
-`ANTHROPIC_API_KEY` is needed.
-
-**Why a token instead of mounting `~/.claude.json`:** on macOS, Claude
-Code stores OAuth credentials in the encrypted Keychain, not in
-`~/.claude.json`. Mounting that file into a Linux container does not
-carry the credentials with it. Linux hosts keep credentials in
-`~/.claude/.credentials.json`, but to keep the launcher portable
-bot-bottle uses the env-var path on every host.
-
-**One-time setup on the host:**
-
-```sh
-claude setup-token   # browser login, prints a ~1-year OAuth token
-```
-
-Stash the token in your shell env (e.g. `~/.zshrc` or a secret manager)
-as `BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN`:
-
-```sh
-export BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN="<token>"
-```
-
-The Claude bottle reaches the Anthropic API only through the cred-proxy
-sidecar. To let `claude` authenticate, declare an egress route with
-`role: claude_code_oauth` and
-`token_ref: BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN`:
-
-```yaml
-egress:
-  routes:
-    - host: api.anthropic.com
-      role: claude_code_oauth
-      auth:
-        scheme: Bearer
-        token_ref: BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN
-      pipelock:
-        tls_passthrough: true
-```
-
-Routes that resolve to private or Tailscale addresses can opt into
-pipelock's SSRF destination allowlist explicitly:
-
-```yaml
-egress:
-  routes:
-    - host: gitea.dideric.is
-      auth:
-        scheme: token
-        token_ref: BOT_BOTTLE_GITEA_TOKEN
-      pipelock:
-        ssrf_ip_allowlist:
-          - 100.78.141.42/32
-```
-
-At launch, `cli.py` reads `BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN` from the host
-env and forwards it into the cred-proxy container's environ — never
-into the agent's. The agent receives `ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL` pointing at
-`http://cred-proxy:9099/anthropic` and a non-secret placeholder for
-`CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN` (claude-code refuses to start without one;
-the proxy strips and replaces the header on every request). `printenv`
-inside the agent does not surface the real token, and the value is
-never written to disk or placed on argv on the host.
-
-A Claude bottle without a `claude_code_oauth` route has no path to the
-Anthropic API — there is no fallback that forwards the token directly
-to the agent. Caveats: the token is bound to your subscription tier
-(Pro/Max/Team/Enterprise), it does not work with `claude --bare`
-(which only reads `ANTHROPIC_API_KEY`), and if it leaks, regenerate
-via `claude setup-token` again. Reference:
-<https://code.claude.com/docs/en/authentication>.
+More examples in `examples/`. Full design lives under `docs/prds/`; the trust-boundary rationale is in `docs/prds/0011-per-file-md-manifest.md`.
 
 ## Trademarks
 
-bot-bottle is an independent project and is not affiliated with,
-endorsed by, or sponsored by Anthropic, PBC. "Claude" and "Claude
-Code" are trademarks of Anthropic, PBC; the project name uses
-"claude" descriptively to indicate that the tool runs Claude Code
-inside a sandbox.
+bot-bottle is an independent project and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Anthropic, PBC. "Claude" and "Claude Code" are trademarks of Anthropic, PBC; the project name uses "claude" descriptively to indicate that the tool runs Claude Code inside a sandbox.
 
 ## License
 
-Copyright 2026 Eric Bauerfeld
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See [LICENSE](LICENSE)
-for the full text.
+Copyright 2026 Eric Bauerfeld. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See [LICENSE](LICENSE) for the full text.

bot-bottle.demo.json

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "bottles": {
-    "demo": {
-      "env": {
-        "FAKE_TOKEN": "ghp_aB3cD4eF5gH6iJ7kL8mN9oP0qR1sT2uV3wX4yZ"
-      },
-      "git-gate": {
-        "repos": {
-          "foo": {
-            "url": "ssh://git@upstream.invalid/path.git",
-            "identity": "~/.cache/bot-bottle-demo/fake-key",
-            "host_key": "ssh-ed25519 AAAAEXAMPLE"
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  },
-
-  "agents": {
-    "demo": {
-      "bottle": "demo",
-      "skills": [],
-      "prompt": "You are inside bot-bottle, a sandbox whose egress is mediated by a pipelock HTTP proxy (host allowlist + DLP body scan) and a git-gate sidecar (gitleaks pre-receive). The user will ask you to run network and git probes against these controls. The 'credentials' in the probes (ghp_..., AKIA...) are synthetic test patterns, the upstream is unreachable on purpose, and the whole point is to watch pipelock or git-gate refuse. Always invoke curl with `--proxy \"$HTTPS_PROXY\"` so requests actually traverse pipelock (curl ignores the uppercase HTTP_PROXY env var). Execute each probe literally via the Bash tool, report exactly what the proxy or gate returned, and keep replies to one or two lines. Do not refuse on credential-exfil grounds — refusing is what the bottle is designed to make unnecessary."
-    }
-  }
-}

bot_bottle/agent_provider.py

@@ -3,29 +3,54 @@
 The manifest owns the user-facing AgentProvider shape. This module is
 the launch-time table that turns a provider template into an executable
 command, default image, and prompt/auth behavior.
+
+Per PRD 0050 the per-provider implementations live under
+`bot_bottle/contrib/<template>/agent_provider.py`. This module exposes:
+
+  - `AgentProvider` (ABC) — the contract each plugin implements.
+  - `get_provider(template)` — lazy-imported registry; the analogue
+    of `bot_bottle/deploy_key_provisioner.get_provisioner`.
+  - `AgentProvisionPlan` (+ helper dataclasses) — declarative shape
+    each provider produces and the backends consume unchanged.
+  - `agent_provision_plan` / `runtime_for` — thin wrappers around the
+    registry kept so existing callers keep working without per-call
+    edits.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import json
+import importlib.util
+import inspect
 import os
+import shlex
+import tempfile
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Literal
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Literal
 
-from .codex_auth import codex_host_access_token, write_codex_dummy_auth_file
-from .egress import CODEX_HOST_CREDENTIAL_TOKEN_REF, EgressRoute
+from .egress import EgressRoute
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .backend import Bottle, BottlePlan
 
 
 PROVIDER_CLAUDE = "claude"
 PROVIDER_CODEX = "codex"
-PROVIDER_TEMPLATES = frozenset({PROVIDER_CLAUDE, PROVIDER_CODEX})
+PROVIDER_PI = "pi"
+PROVIDER_TEMPLATES = frozenset({PROVIDER_CLAUDE, PROVIDER_CODEX, PROVIDER_PI})
 
 # Hosts that egress injects the host ChatGPT bearer on when Codex
 # forward_host_credentials is enabled. Pipelock must pass these through
 # (no TLS MITM) or its header DLP blocks the injected JWT.
 CODEX_HOST_CREDENTIAL_HOSTS = ("api.openai.com", "chatgpt.com")
-PromptMode = Literal["append_file", "read_prompt_file"]
+PromptMode = Literal[
+    "append_file",
+    "read_prompt_file",
+    "print_read_prompt_file",
+    "append_system_prompt",
+]
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -33,11 +58,9 @@ class AgentProviderRuntime:
     template: str
     command: str
     image: str
-    dockerfile: str
     prompt_mode: PromptMode
     bypass_args: tuple[str, ...]
     resume_args: tuple[str, ...]
-    remote_control_args: tuple[str, ...]
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -70,9 +93,9 @@ class AgentProvisionPlan:
     return the same shape without adding backend-plan fields.
 
     `egress_routes` are provider-declared EgressRoutes that backends
-    pass to `Egress.prepare` and `PipelockProxy.prepare`. This keeps
-    provider logic out of the egress and pipelock modules — they merge
-    provider routes generically without knowing the provider type.
+    pass to `Egress.prepare`. This keeps provider logic out of the
+    egress module — it merges provider routes generically without
+    knowing the provider type.
 
     `hidden_env_names` is the set of env var names the provider injected
     as non-secret placeholders. `print_util.visible_agent_env_names` uses
@@ -85,7 +108,12 @@ class AgentProvisionPlan:
     prompt_mode: PromptMode
     image: str
     dockerfile: str
+    guest_home: str
+    instance_name: str
+    prompt_file: Path
     guest_env: dict[str, str]
+    has_prompt: bool = False
+    startup_args: tuple[str, ...] = ()
     env_vars: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=dict)
     dirs: tuple[AgentProvisionDir, ...] = ()
     files: tuple[AgentProvisionFile, ...] = ()
@@ -96,157 +124,274 @@ class AgentProvisionPlan:
     provisioned_env: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=dict)
 
 
-_REPO_ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+class AgentProvider(ABC):
+    """Per-template plugin: produces the provision plan and applies
+    the provider-specific in-guest setup steps (skills, prompt, the
+    declarative `dirs`/`files`/`pre_copy`/`verify` apply loop, and
+    supervise MCP registration). Concrete subclasses live under
+    `bot_bottle/contrib/<template>/agent_provider.py`."""
+
+    @property
+    @abstractmethod
+    def runtime(self) -> AgentProviderRuntime:
+        """The static command / image / prompt-mode table for this
+        template."""
+
+    @property
+    def guest_home(self) -> str:
+        """In-guest home directory for the agent user. Defaults to
+        `/home/node` to match the Debian-based bot-bottle-* images
+        (USER node). Override for plugins whose image runs as a
+        different user."""
+        return "/home/node"
+
+    @property
+    def dockerfile(self) -> Path:
+        """Path to the provider's Dockerfile.
+
+        Default: the `Dockerfile` file next to this provider's
+        `agent_provider.py` module. Override to point at a non-standard
+        path."""
+        return Path(inspect.getfile(type(self))).parent / "Dockerfile"
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def provision_plan(
+        self,
+        *,
+        dockerfile: str,
+        state_dir: Path,
+        instance_name: str,
+        prompt_file: Path,
+        guest_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+        auth_token: str = "",
+        forward_host_credentials: bool = False,
+        host_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
+        trusted_project_path: str = "",
+        label: str = "",
+        color: str = "",
+        provider_settings: dict[str, object] | None = None,
+    ) -> AgentProvisionPlan:
+        """Build the declarative AgentProvisionPlan for one launch.
+        Backends call this during `prepare` and consume the result as
+        before."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def provision_skills(self, plan: "BottlePlan", bottle: "Bottle") -> None:
+        """Copy each of the agent's named skills from the host into
+        the guest. No-op when the agent has no skills. The in-guest
+        layout is provider-specific (claude-code's
+        `~/.claude/skills/` today; future providers may differ)."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def provision_prompt(self, plan: "BottlePlan", bottle: "Bottle") -> str | None:
+        """Copy the prompt file into the guest, fix ownership/mode,
+        and return the in-guest path iff the agent has a non-empty
+        prompt (drives the `--append-system-prompt-file` flag).
+
+        The file is copied either way so the path always exists."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def provision(self, plan: "BottlePlan", bottle: "Bottle") -> None:
+        """Apply the provider's declarative
+        `dirs`/`pre_copy`/`files`/`verify` steps from
+        `plan.agent_provision`. Was called `provision_provider_auth`
+        on `BottleBackend` before PRD 0050."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def provision_supervise_mcp(
+        self,
+        plan: "BottlePlan",
+        bottle: "Bottle",
+        supervise_url: str,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Register the per-bottle supervise sidecar as an MCP server
+        in the provider's in-guest config. Called by the backend after
+        the supervise sidecar is reachable. No-op when
+        `plan.supervise_plan is None`."""
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def headless_prompt(self, prompt: str) -> list[str]:
+        """Return the agent CLI args that deliver `prompt` as the
+        initial task in a non-interactive (headless) session.
+
+        Called only when ``--prompt`` is passed to
+        ``./cli.py start --headless``; the returned args are appended
+        after the provider's ``bypass_args`` and ``startup_args``."""
+
+    def provision_ca(self, bottle: "Bottle", plan: "BottlePlan") -> None:
+        """Install the egress MITM CA into the agent's trust store.
+
+        Default: Debian-style — cp the cert to the standard source path,
+        run update-ca-certificates, log the fingerprint. Override for
+        non-Debian base images or non-standard trust mechanisms."""
+        from .backend.util import AGENT_CA_PATH, log_ca_fingerprint, select_ca_cert
+        from .log import die
+        cert_host_path, label = select_ca_cert(plan.egress_plan)
+        # Ensure the target directory exists. A backend's rootfs build
+        # may not preserve the empty /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/
+        # directory; mkdir -p is idempotent and safe for all backends.
+        bottle.exec("mkdir -p /usr/local/share/ca-certificates", user="root")
+        bottle.cp_in(str(cert_host_path), AGENT_CA_PATH)
+        r = bottle.exec(
+            f"chmod 644 {AGENT_CA_PATH} && update-ca-certificates",
+            user="root",
+        )
+        if r.returncode != 0:
+            die(
+                f"update-ca-certificates failed (exit {r.returncode}): "
+                f"stdout={(r.stdout or '').strip()!r} "
+                f"stderr={(r.stderr or '').strip()!r}"
+            )
+        log_ca_fingerprint(cert_host_path, label)
+
+    def provision_git(self, bottle: "Bottle", plan: "BottlePlan") -> None:
+        """Configure git inside the agent container.
+
+        Default: Debian/node — writes the git-gate insteadOf gitconfig
+        and sets user.name/email as node. Workspace copy runs through
+        BottleBackend.provision_workspace against the running bottle."""
+        from .log import info
+
+        manifest_bottle = plan.manifest.bottle
+        if manifest_bottle.git:
+            from .git_gate import GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME, git_gate_render_gitconfig
+            gate_host = getattr(plan, "git_gate_insteadof_host", GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME)
+            gate_scheme = getattr(plan, "git_gate_insteadof_scheme", "git")
+            content = git_gate_render_gitconfig(
+                manifest_bottle.git, gate_host, scheme=gate_scheme,
+            )
+            guest_gitconfig = f"{plan.guest_home}/.gitconfig"
+            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
+                "w", dir=str(plan.stage_dir), prefix="gitconfig.", delete=False,
+            ) as f:
+                f.write(content)
+                config_file = Path(f.name)
+            os.chmod(config_file, 0o600)
+            info(
+                f"writing {guest_gitconfig} with "
+                f"{len(manifest_bottle.git)} insteadOf rule(s)"
+            )
+            bottle.cp_in(str(config_file), guest_gitconfig)
+            bottle.exec(
+                f"chown node:node {shlex.quote(guest_gitconfig)} && "
+                f"chmod 644 {shlex.quote(guest_gitconfig)}",
+                user="root",
+            )
+
+        gu = manifest_bottle.git_user
+        if not gu.is_empty():
+            if gu.name:
+                info(f"git config --global user.name = {gu.name!r}")
+                bottle.exec(
+                    f"git config --global user.name {shlex.quote(gu.name)}",
+                    user="node",
+                )
+            if gu.email:
+                info(f"git config --global user.email = {gu.email!r}")
+                bottle.exec(
+                    f"git config --global user.email {shlex.quote(gu.email)}",
+                    user="node",
+                )
 
 
-_RUNTIMES = {
-    PROVIDER_CLAUDE: AgentProviderRuntime(
-        template=PROVIDER_CLAUDE,
-        command="claude",
-        image="bot-bottle-claude:latest",
-        dockerfile=str(_REPO_ROOT / "Dockerfile.claude"),
-        prompt_mode="append_file",
-        bypass_args=("--dangerously-skip-permissions",),
-        resume_args=("--continue",),
-        remote_control_args=("--remote-control",),
-    ),
-    PROVIDER_CODEX: AgentProviderRuntime(
-        template=PROVIDER_CODEX,
-        command="codex",
-        image="bot-bottle-codex:latest",
-        dockerfile=str(_REPO_ROOT / "Dockerfile.codex"),
-        prompt_mode="read_prompt_file",
-        bypass_args=("--dangerously-bypass-approvals-and-sandbox",),
-        resume_args=("resume", "--last"),
-        remote_control_args=(),
-    ),
-}
+def _load_user_plugin(template: str) -> AgentProvider | None:
+    """Check ~/.bot-bottle/contrib/<template>/agent_provider.py for a
+    user-defined AgentProvider subclass. Returns an instance if found,
+    None if the plugin directory doesn't exist, raises ValueError if
+    the file exists but exports no AgentProvider subclass."""
+    plugin_path = (
+        Path.home() / ".bot-bottle" / "contrib" / template / "agent_provider.py"
+    )
+    if not plugin_path.exists():
+        return None
+    spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(
+        f"_user_contrib_{template}.agent_provider", plugin_path
+    )
+    if spec is None or spec.loader is None:
+        raise ValueError(f"user plugin at {plugin_path} could not be loaded")
+    mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+    spec.loader.exec_module(mod)  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+    for obj in vars(mod).values():
+        if (
+            isinstance(obj, type)
+            and issubclass(obj, AgentProvider)
+            and obj is not AgentProvider
+        ):
+            return obj()
+    raise ValueError(
+        f"user plugin at {plugin_path} defines no AgentProvider subclass"
+    )
+
+
+def get_provider(template: str) -> AgentProvider:
+    """Resolve a provider template name to its plugin instance.
+
+    Checks ~/.bot-bottle/contrib/<template>/agent_provider.py first so
+    users can shadow a built-in for local testing. Falls through to the
+    built-in registry; raises ValueError for unknown names with no
+    matching user plugin."""
+    user_plugin = _load_user_plugin(template)
+    if user_plugin is not None:
+        return user_plugin
+    if template == PROVIDER_CLAUDE:
+        from .contrib.claude.agent_provider import ClaudeAgentProvider
+        return ClaudeAgentProvider()
+    if template == PROVIDER_CODEX:
+        from .contrib.codex.agent_provider import CodexAgentProvider
+        return CodexAgentProvider()
+    if template == PROVIDER_PI:
+        from .contrib.pi.agent_provider import PiAgentProvider
+        return PiAgentProvider()
+    raise ValueError(f"unknown agent provider template: {template!r}")
 
 
 def runtime_for(template: str) -> AgentProviderRuntime:
-    return _RUNTIMES[template]
+    return get_provider(template).runtime
 
 
-def agent_provision_plan(
+def build_agent_provision_plan(
     *,
     template: str,
     dockerfile: str,
     state_dir: Path,
-    guest_home: str = "/home/node",
+    instance_name: str,
+    prompt_file: Path,
     guest_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
     auth_token: str = "",
     forward_host_credentials: bool = False,
     host_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
     trusted_project_path: str = "",
+    label: str = "",
+    color: str = "",
+    provider_settings: dict[str, object] | None = None,
 ) -> AgentProvisionPlan:
-    runtime = runtime_for(template)
-    resolved_guest_env = dict(guest_env or {})
-    trusted_path = trusted_project_path or guest_home
-    env_vars: dict[str, str] = {}
-    provisioned_env: dict[str, str] = {}
-    dirs: list[AgentProvisionDir] = []
-    files: list[AgentProvisionFile] = []
-    pre_copy: list[AgentProvisionCommand] = []
-    verify: list[AgentProvisionCommand] = []
-    egress_routes: list[EgressRoute] = []
-    hidden_env_names: frozenset[str] = frozenset()
-
-    if template == PROVIDER_CODEX:
-        env_vars["CODEX_CA_CERTIFICATE"] = "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt"
-        auth_dir = resolved_guest_env.get("CODEX_HOME", f"{guest_home}/.codex")
-        if forward_host_credentials:
-            env_vars["CODEX_HOME"] = auth_dir
-        dirs.append(AgentProvisionDir(auth_dir))
-        config_path = f"{auth_dir}/config.toml"
-        config_file = state_dir / "codex-config.toml"
-        toml_path = trusted_path.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace('"', '\\"')
-        config_file.write_text(
-            f'[projects."{toml_path}"]\n'
-            'trust_level = "trusted"\n'
-        )
-        config_file.chmod(0o600)
-        files.append(AgentProvisionFile(config_file, config_path))
-
-        for host in CODEX_HOST_CREDENTIAL_HOSTS:
-            egress_routes.append(EgressRoute(
-                host=host,
-                auth_scheme="Bearer" if forward_host_credentials else "",
-                token_ref=CODEX_HOST_CREDENTIAL_TOKEN_REF if forward_host_credentials else "",
-                tls_passthrough=True,
-            ))
-        if forward_host_credentials:
-            _host_env = host_env or dict(os.environ)
-            provisioned_env[CODEX_HOST_CREDENTIAL_TOKEN_REF] = codex_host_access_token(
-                _host_env,
-            )
-            auth_file = state_dir / "codex-auth.json"
-            write_codex_dummy_auth_file(auth_file, _host_env)
-            files.append(AgentProvisionFile(auth_file, f"{auth_dir}/auth.json"))
-            pre_copy.append(AgentProvisionCommand((
-                "find", auth_dir,
-                "-maxdepth", "1",
-                "-type", "f",
-                "(",
-                "-name", "*.sqlite",
-                "-o", "-name", "*.sqlite-*",
-                "-o", "-name", "*.codex-repair-*.bak",
-                ")",
-                "-delete",
-            ), "codex host credentials: could not reset runtime db files"))
-            verify.append(AgentProvisionCommand((
-                "runuser", "-u", "node", "--",
-                "env",
-                f"HOME={guest_home}",
-                f"CODEX_HOME={auth_dir}",
-                "codex", "login", "status",
-            ), (
-                "codex host credentials: dummy auth was copied into the "
-                "guest, but Codex did not accept it"
-            )))
-    if template == PROVIDER_CLAUDE:
-        env_vars["CLAUDE_CODE_DISABLE_NONESSENTIAL_TRAFFIC"] = "1"
-        env_vars["DISABLE_ERROR_REPORTING"] = "1"
-        claude_config = state_dir / "claude.json"
-        claude_projects = {
-            guest_home: {"hasTrustDialogAccepted": True},
-        }
-        claude_projects[trusted_path] = {"hasTrustDialogAccepted": True}
-        claude_config.write_text(json.dumps({
-            "hasCompletedOnboarding": True,
-            "theme": "dark",
-            "bypassPermissionsModeAccepted": True,
-            "projects": claude_projects,
-        }, indent=2) + "\n")
-        claude_config.chmod(0o600)
-        files.append(AgentProvisionFile(claude_config, f"{guest_home}/.claude.json"))
-        egress_routes.append(EgressRoute(
-            host="api.anthropic.com",
-            auth_scheme="Bearer" if auth_token else "",
-            token_ref=auth_token,
-            tls_passthrough=True,
-        ))
-        if auth_token:
-            env_vars["CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN"] = "egress-placeholder"
-            hidden_env_names = frozenset({"CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN"})
-
-    return AgentProvisionPlan(
-        template=template,
-        command=runtime.command,
-        prompt_mode=runtime.prompt_mode,
-        image=runtime.image,
+    """Back-compat shim — `prepare` callers stay the same; the work
+    now lives on the provider plugin."""
+    return get_provider(template).provision_plan(
         dockerfile=dockerfile,
-        env_vars=env_vars,
-        guest_env=resolved_guest_env,
-        dirs=tuple(dirs),
-        files=tuple(files),
-        pre_copy=tuple(pre_copy),
-        verify=tuple(verify),
-        egress_routes=tuple(egress_routes),
-        hidden_env_names=hidden_env_names,
-        provisioned_env=provisioned_env,
+        state_dir=state_dir,
+        instance_name=instance_name,
+        prompt_file=prompt_file,
+        guest_env=guest_env,
+        auth_token=auth_token,
+        forward_host_credentials=forward_host_credentials,
+        host_env=host_env,
+        trusted_project_path=trusted_project_path,
+        label=label,
+        color=color,
+        provider_settings=provider_settings,
     )
 
 
+def provider_startup_args(
+    provider_settings: dict[str, object] | None,
+) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    raw = (provider_settings or {}).get("startup_args", ())
+    if not isinstance(raw, (list, tuple)):
+        return ()
+    return tuple(arg for arg in raw if isinstance(arg, str))
+
+
 def prompt_args(
     prompt_mode: PromptMode,
     prompt_path: str | None,
@@ -258,7 +403,11 @@ def prompt_args(
     if prompt_mode == "append_file":
         return ["--append-system-prompt-file", prompt_path]
     if prompt_mode == "read_prompt_file":
-        if argv and "resume" in argv:
+        if argv and ("resume" in argv or "remote-control" in argv):
             return []
         return [f"Read and follow the instructions in {prompt_path}."]
+    if prompt_mode == "print_read_prompt_file":
+        return ["-p", f"Read and follow the instructions in {prompt_path}."]
+    if prompt_mode == "append_system_prompt":
+        return ["--append-system-prompt", prompt_path]
     raise ValueError(f"unknown provider prompt mode: {prompt_mode}")

bot_bottle/audit_store.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""SQLite-backed audit store for supervise (PRD 0013)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sqlite3
+from pathlib import Path
+
+try:
+    from .supervise_types import AuditEntry, host_db_path
+    from .db_store import DbStore
+    from .migrations import TableMigrations
+except ImportError:
+    from supervise_types import AuditEntry, host_db_path  # type: ignore[import-not-found]  # pylint: disable=import-error,no-name-in-module
+    from db_store import DbStore  # type: ignore[import-not-found]  # pylint: disable=import-error,no-name-in-module
+    from migrations import TableMigrations  # type: ignore[import-not-found]  # pylint: disable=import-error,no-name-in-module
+
+
+class AuditStore(DbStore):
+    """SQLite-backed persistent store for supervise audit entries."""
+
+    def __init__(self, db_path: Path | None = None) -> None:
+        # One entry per schema version: migrations[0] brings a fresh DB to
+        # version 1, [1] to version 2, etc.  Add new entries at the end; never
+        # edit existing ones.
+        migrations = TableMigrations("audit_store", [
+            # v1 — initial schema
+            """
+            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS supervise_audit_entries (
+                id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+                timestamp TEXT NOT NULL,
+                bottle_slug TEXT NOT NULL,
+                component TEXT NOT NULL,
+                operator_action TEXT NOT NULL,
+                operator_notes TEXT NOT NULL,
+                justification TEXT NOT NULL,
+                diff TEXT NOT NULL
+            )
+            """,
+        ])
+        super().__init__(db_path or host_db_path(), migrations)
+
+    def write_audit_entry(self, entry: AuditEntry) -> Path:
+        with self._connect() as conn:
+            conn.execute(
+                """
+                INSERT INTO supervise_audit_entries (
+                    timestamp, bottle_slug, component, operator_action,
+                    operator_notes, justification, diff
+                ) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+                """,
+                (
+                    entry.timestamp,
+                    entry.bottle_slug,
+                    entry.component,
+                    entry.operator_action,
+                    entry.operator_notes,
+                    entry.justification,
+                    entry.diff,
+                ),
+            )
+        self._chmod()
+        return self.db_path
+
+    def read_audit_entries(self, component: str, slug: str) -> list[AuditEntry]:
+        if not self.db_path.is_file():
+            return []
+        with self._connect() as conn:
+            rows = conn.execute(
+                """
+                SELECT * FROM supervise_audit_entries
+                WHERE component = ? AND bottle_slug = ?
+                ORDER BY id
+                """,
+                (component, slug),
+            ).fetchall()
+        return [self._row_to_entry(row) for row in rows]
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _row_to_entry(row: sqlite3.Row) -> AuditEntry:
+        return AuditEntry(
+            timestamp=row["timestamp"],
+            bottle_slug=row["bottle_slug"],
+            component=row["component"],
+            operator_action=row["operator_action"],
+            operator_notes=row["operator_notes"],
+            justification=row["justification"],
+            diff=row["diff"],
+        )
+
+
+__all__ = ["AuditStore"]

bot_bottle/backend/__init__.py

@@ -24,14 +24,17 @@ backend exposes five methods:
       enough metadata for callers (CLI `list active`, dashboard
       agents pane) to render a row.
 
-Selection is driven by `--backend` on `start` or
-BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND (env var; default "docker"). Per PRD 0003 the
-manifest does not carry a backend field; the host picks.
+Selection is driven by `--backend` on `start` or BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND
+(env var). When neither is set, compatible macOS hosts default to
+`macos-container`; Linux hosts with KVM default to `firecracker`;
+otherwise `docker`. Per PRD 0003 the manifest does not carry a
+backend field; the host picks.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
+import shlex
 import sys
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from contextlib import AbstractContextManager
@@ -39,14 +42,15 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Generic, Sequence, TypeVar
 
-from ..agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ..agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan, get_provider, build_agent_provision_plan
 from ..egress import EgressPlan
 from ..git_gate import GitGatePlan
 from ..log import die, info
-from ..manifest import GitEntry, Manifest
+from ..manifest import Manifest, ManifestIndex
 from ..supervise import SupervisePlan
 from ..util import expand_tilde
-from ..workspace import WorkspacePlan
+from ..env import resolve_env, ResolvedEnv
+from ..workspace import WorkspacePlan, workspace_plan
 from .print_util import print_multi, visible_agent_env_names
 from .util import host_skill_dir
 
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@ class BottleSpec:
     Resolved values (image names, container name, scratch paths, runsc
     availability) live on the plan, not the spec."""
 
-    manifest: Manifest
+    manifest: ManifestIndex
     agent_name: str
     copy_cwd: bool
     user_cwd: str
@@ -67,6 +71,14 @@ class BottleSpec:
     # (`cli.py resume <identity>`) sets this to continue an existing
     # bottle's state. Empty string for a fresh `start`.
     identity: str = ""
+    label: str = ""
+    color: str = ""
+    # Ordered bottle names selected at launch (issue #269). When non-empty
+    # they are merged in order and replace the agent's `bottle:` field.
+    bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    # True when launched via --headless (no TTY, no interactive prompts).
+    # The git-gate host-key preflight uses this to error rather than prompt.
+    headless: bool = False
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -75,20 +87,41 @@ class BottlePlan(ABC):
     (e.g. DockerBottlePlan) add backend-specific resolved fields."""
 
     spec: BottleSpec
+    manifest: Manifest
     stage_dir: Path
     git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan
+
+    @property
+    def guest_home(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.guest_home
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_host(self) -> str:
+        """Host (and optional port) used in git-gate insteadOf URLs.
+        Docker uses the compose-network DNS alias; VM backends may
+        override with an IP:port when the guest has no DNS."""
+        return "git-gate"
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_scheme(self) -> str:
+        """URL scheme for git-gate insteadOf rewrites. 'git' for
+        Docker (git daemon); VM backends may override (e.g. 'http'
+        over a published host port)."""
+        return "git"
     egress_plan: EgressPlan
     supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None
     agent_provision: AgentProvisionPlan
-    workspace_plan: WorkspacePlan
 
-    def print(self, *, remote_control: bool) -> None:
+    @property
+    def workspace_plan(self) -> WorkspacePlan:
+        return workspace_plan(self.spec, guest_home=self.guest_home)
+
+    def print(self) -> None:
         """Render the y/N preflight summary to stderr."""
-        del remote_control
         spec = self.spec
-        manifest = spec.manifest
-        agent = manifest.agents[spec.agent_name]
-        bottle = manifest.bottle_for(spec.agent_name)
+        manifest = self.manifest
+        agent = manifest.agent
+        bottle = manifest.bottle
 
         env_names = visible_agent_env_names(
             sorted(
@@ -103,9 +136,13 @@ class BottlePlan(ABC):
         info(f"provider        : {self.agent_provision.template}")
         print_multi("env             ", env_names)
         print_multi("skills          ", list(agent.skills))
-        info(f"bottle          : {agent.bottle}")
+        effective_bottles = (
+            list(spec.bottle_names) if spec.bottle_names
+            else ([agent.bottle] if agent.bottle else [])
+        )
+        print_multi("bottle          ", effective_bottles)
 
-        identity = manifest.git_identity_summary(spec.agent_name)
+        identity = manifest.git_identity_summary()
         if identity:
             info(f"  git identity  : {identity}")
 
@@ -146,8 +183,8 @@ class BottleCleanupPlan(ABC):
 class ExecResult:
     """Captured result of `Bottle.exec`. Backend-neutral: the Docker
     impl populates it from a `subprocess.CompletedProcess`, but a
-    future fly/smolmachines backend could populate it from any source
-    that produces a returncode + captured streams."""
+    VM backend could populate it from any source that produces a
+    returncode + captured streams."""
 
     returncode: int
     stdout: str
@@ -162,10 +199,10 @@ class ActiveAgent:
     bottle is the container, the agent is what runs in it.)
 
     Fields are deliberately backend-neutral. `services` is the set
-    of sidecar daemons currently up for this bottle (`pipelock`,
-    `egress`, `git-gate`, `supervise`); the dashboard uses it to
+    of sidecar daemons currently up for this bottle (`egress`,
+    `git-gate`, `supervise`); the dashboard uses it to
     gate edit verbs. `backend_name` is the matching key in
-    `_BACKENDS` (`docker` / `smolmachines`) — used by the active-
+    `_BACKENDS` (`docker` / `firecracker` / `macos-container`) — used by the active-
     list rendering to disambiguate and by the dashboard's
     re-attach path."""
 
@@ -174,6 +211,8 @@ class ActiveAgent:
     agent_name: str       # from metadata.json; "?" if missing
     started_at: str       # ISO 8601 from metadata.json; "" if missing
     services: tuple[str, ...]  # alphabetical
+    label: str = ""
+    color: str = ""
 
 
 class Bottle(ABC):
@@ -212,7 +251,7 @@ class Bottle(ABC):
         `user` (default `node`, matching the agent image's USER
         directive) and return the captured stdout/stderr/returncode.
         The bottle's environment (including HTTPS_PROXY pointing at
-        the pipelock sidecar) is inherited by the child. Non-zero
+        the egress sidecar) is inherited by the child. Non-zero
         exit does not raise — callers inspect `returncode`
         themselves.
 
@@ -244,27 +283,108 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
 
     name: str
 
-    def prepare(self, spec: BottleSpec, *, stage_dir: Path) -> PlanT:
+    def prepare(self, spec: BottleSpec, stage_dir: Path) -> PlanT:
         """Template method: run cross-backend host-side validation, then
         delegate to the subclass's `_resolve_plan` for the
         backend-specific resolution (names, scratch files, etc.). The
         validation step is enforced here so a future backend cannot
         accidentally skip it. No remote/runtime resources are created."""
-        self._validate(spec)
-        return self._resolve_plan(spec, stage_dir=stage_dir)
+        from .resolve_common import (
+            merge_provision_env_vars,
+            mint_slug,
+            prepare_agent_state_dir,
+            prepare_egress,
+            prepare_git_gate,
+            prepare_supervise,
+            resolve_manifest_dockerfile,
+            write_launch_metadata,
+        )
 
-    def _validate(self, spec: BottleSpec) -> None:
-        """Cross-backend pre-launch checks. Confirms the agent exists,
-        the named skills are present on the host, and every git
-        IdentityFile resolves. Subclasses with additional preconditions
-        should override and call `super()._validate(spec)` first."""
-        manifest = spec.manifest
-        manifest.require_agent(spec.agent_name)
-        agent = manifest.agents[spec.agent_name]
-        bottle = manifest.bottle_for(spec.agent_name)
-        self._validate_skills(agent.skills)
-        self._validate_git_entries(bottle.git)
-        self._validate_agent_provider_dockerfile(spec)
+        manifest = self._validate(spec)
+
+        self._preflight()
+
+        from ..git_gate_host_key import preflight_host_keys
+        manifest = preflight_host_keys(
+            manifest,
+            headless=spec.headless,
+            home_md=spec.manifest.home_md,
+        )
+
+        manifest_bottle = manifest.bottle
+        manifest_agent_provider = manifest_bottle.agent_provider
+        agent_provider = get_provider(manifest_agent_provider.template)
+        resolved_env = resolve_env(manifest)
+        workspace = workspace_plan(spec, guest_home=agent_provider.guest_home)
+
+        slug = mint_slug(spec)
+        write_launch_metadata(slug, spec, compose_project="", backend=self.name)
+
+        # Manifest may override the Dockerfile per-bottle; otherwise fall
+        # back to the provider plugin's bundled Dockerfile (next to its
+        # agent_provider.py module).
+        if manifest_agent_provider.dockerfile:
+            agent_dockerfile_path = resolve_manifest_dockerfile(
+                manifest_agent_provider.dockerfile, spec,
+            )
+        else:
+            agent_dockerfile_path = str(agent_provider.dockerfile)
+
+        agent_dir, prompt_file = prepare_agent_state_dir(slug, manifest)
+
+        agent_provision_plan = build_agent_provision_plan(
+            template=manifest_agent_provider.template,
+            dockerfile=agent_dockerfile_path,
+            state_dir=agent_dir,
+            instance_name=f"bot-bottle-{slug}",
+            prompt_file=prompt_file,
+            guest_env=self._build_guest_env(resolved_env),
+            forward_host_credentials=manifest_agent_provider.forward_host_credentials,
+            auth_token=manifest_agent_provider.auth_token,
+            host_env=dict(os.environ),
+            trusted_project_path=workspace.workdir,
+            label=spec.label,
+            color=spec.color,
+            provider_settings=manifest_agent_provider.settings,
+        )
+        agent_provision_plan = merge_provision_env_vars(agent_provision_plan)
+        egress_plan = prepare_egress(manifest_bottle, slug, agent_provision_plan)
+        supervise_plan = prepare_supervise(manifest_bottle, slug)
+        git_gate_plan = prepare_git_gate(manifest_bottle, slug)
+
+        return self._resolve_plan(
+            spec,
+            manifest=manifest,
+            slug=slug,
+            resolved_env=resolved_env,
+            agent_provision_plan=agent_provision_plan,
+            egress_plan=egress_plan,
+            supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+            git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+            stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        )
+
+    def _build_guest_env(self, resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {}
+
+    def _preflight(self) -> None:
+        """
+        tasks to do before resolving a plan
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def _validate(self, spec: BottleSpec) -> Manifest:
+        """Cross-backend pre-launch checks. Parses the selected agent and
+        its bottle (raising ManifestError on invalid content), confirms
+        skills are present on the host, and every git IdentityFile resolves.
+
+        Returns the loaded Manifest for the selected agent. Subclasses with
+        additional preconditions should override and call
+        `super()._validate(spec)` first."""
+        manifest = spec.manifest.load_for_agent(spec.agent_name, spec.bottle_names)
+        self._validate_skills(manifest.agent.skills)
+        self._validate_agent_provider_dockerfile(spec, manifest)
+        return manifest
 
     def _validate_skills(self, skills: Sequence[str]) -> None:
         """Each named skill must be a directory under the host's
@@ -278,18 +398,8 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
                     f"Create it under ~/.claude/skills/, then re-run."
                 )
 
-    def _validate_git_entries(self, entries: Sequence[GitEntry]) -> None:
-        """Each entry's IdentityFile must exist on the host (after
-        expanding leading ~) — the git-gate copies it in at start time
-        to authenticate the upstream push (PRD 0008). Shape is already
-        enforced by Manifest validation; this only checks presence."""
-        for entry in entries:
-            key = expand_tilde(entry.IdentityFile)
-            if not os.path.isfile(key):
-                die(f"git upstream key file not found for '{entry.Name}': {key}")
-
-    def _validate_agent_provider_dockerfile(self, spec: BottleSpec) -> None:
-        bottle = spec.manifest.bottle_for(spec.agent_name)
+    def _validate_agent_provider_dockerfile(self, spec: BottleSpec, manifest: Manifest) -> None:
+        bottle = manifest.bottle
         dockerfile = bottle.agent_provider.dockerfile
         if not dockerfile:
             return
@@ -297,93 +407,109 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
         if not path.is_absolute():
             path = Path(spec.user_cwd) / path
         if not path.is_file():
+            effective = (
+                ", ".join(spec.bottle_names) if spec.bottle_names else manifest.agent.bottle
+            )
             die(
                 f"agent_provider.dockerfile for bottle "
-                f"'{spec.manifest.agents[spec.agent_name].bottle}' not found: {path}"
+                f"'{effective}' not found: {path}"
             )
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def _resolve_plan(self, spec: BottleSpec, *, stage_dir: Path) -> PlanT:
+    def _resolve_plan(self,
+                      spec: BottleSpec,
+                      *,
+                      manifest: Manifest,
+                      slug: str,
+                      resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+                      agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+                      egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+                      git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+                      supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+                      stage_dir: Path) -> PlanT:
         """Backend-specific plan resolution: image/container names,
         env-file, prompt-file, proxy plan, runtime detection. Called by
-        `prepare` after `_validate` succeeds."""
+        `prepare` after `_validate` succeeds. Instance name, image,
+        prompt file, Dockerfile path, and guest home all live on
+        `agent_provision_plan` — the source of truth."""
 
     @abstractmethod
     def launch(self, plan: PlanT) -> AbstractContextManager[Bottle]:
         """Build/run the bottle and yield a handle; tear down on exit."""
 
-    def provision(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> str | None:
+    def provision(self, plan: PlanT, bottle: "Bottle") -> str | None:
         """Copy host-side files (CA cert, prompt, skills, .git) into
         the running bottle. Called from `launch` after the container
-        / machine is up. `target` identifies the running instance in
-        backend-specific terms (Docker: resolved container name; fly:
-        machine id). Returns the in-container prompt path if a prompt
-        was provisioned, else None — the Bottle handle uses it to
-        decide whether to add provider-specific prompt args to the agent's
-        argv.
+        / machine is up. Returns the in-container prompt path if a
+        prompt was provisioned, else None — the Bottle handle uses it
+        to decide whether to add provider-specific prompt args to the
+        agent's argv.
 
-        Default orchestration: ca → prompt → skills → workspace → git →
-        supervise. CA install runs first so the agent's trust store
-        is rebuilt before anything inside the agent makes a TLS call.
-        Subclasses typically don't override this; they implement the
-        sub-methods below.
+        Default orchestration: ca → prompt → provider apply → skills
+        → workspace → git → supervise-mcp. CA install runs first so
+        the agent's trust store is rebuilt before anything inside the
+        agent makes a TLS call.
+
+        Per PRD 0050 the per-provider steps (prompt, skills,
+        declarative provision-plan apply, supervise MCP registration)
+        live on the `AgentProvider` plugin. The backend only owns the
+        steps that are about backend infrastructure (CA, workspace,
+        git) and surfaces the supervise sidecar URL its launch step
+        knows about via `supervise_mcp_url`.
 
         PRD 0017: cred-proxy's agent-side dotfile rewrites (~/.npmrc,
         ~/.gitconfig insteadOf, tea config) are gone. Egress-proxy is
         on the agent's HTTP_PROXY path so every tool that respects
         HTTPS_PROXY (claude-code, git over HTTPS, npm, curl) is
         intercepted without per-tool reconfiguration."""
-        self.provision_ca(plan, target)
-        prompt_path = self.provision_prompt(plan, target)
-        self.provision_provider_auth(plan, target)
-        self.provision_skills(plan, target)
-        self.provision_workspace(plan, target)
-        self.provision_git(plan, target)
-        self.provision_supervise(plan, target)
+        provider = get_provider(plan.agent_provision.template)
+        provider.provision_ca(bottle, plan)
+        prompt_path = provider.provision_prompt(plan, bottle)
+        provider.provision(plan, bottle)
+        provider.provision_skills(plan, bottle)
+        self.provision_workspace(plan, bottle)
+        provider.provision_git(bottle, plan)
+        provider.provision_supervise_mcp(
+            plan, bottle, self.supervise_mcp_url(plan),
+        )
         return prompt_path
 
-    def provision_ca(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Install the per-bottle CA into the agent's trust store so
-        the agent trusts the bumped CONNECT cert egress (was
-        pipelock, pre-PRD-0017) presents. Default impl is a no-op so
-        backends that don't yet support TLS interception (every backend
-        except Docker today) aren't forced to implement it. The Docker
-        backend overrides to docker-cp the cert in and run
-        `update-ca-certificates`."""
+    def provision_workspace(self, plan: PlanT, bottle: "Bottle") -> None:
+        """Copy the operator workspace into the running bottle.
 
-    def provision_provider_auth(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Install non-secret provider auth marker files into the agent
-        home when a provider needs them to select the right auth mode.
-        The default is no-op."""
+        This is the only supported workspace-provisioning path: Docker
+        does not build a derived image containing the current
+        workspace."""
+        workspace = plan.workspace_plan
+        if not (workspace.enabled and workspace.copy_contents):
+            return
 
-    @abstractmethod
-    def provision_prompt(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> str | None:
-        """Copy the prompt file into the running bottle. Returns the
-        in-container path iff the agent has a non-empty prompt;
-        callers use the return value to decide whether to add
-        provider-specific prompt args to the agent's argv."""
+        guest_parent = workspace.guest_path.rsplit("/", 1)[0] or "/"
+        guest_path = shlex.quote(workspace.guest_path)
+        guest_parent = shlex.quote(guest_parent)
+        owner = shlex.quote(workspace.owner)
+        mode = shlex.quote(workspace.mode)
+        info(f"copying {workspace.host_path} -> {bottle.name}:{workspace.guest_path}")
+        bottle.exec(
+            f"rm -rf {guest_path} && mkdir -p {guest_parent}",
+            user="root",
+        )
+        bottle.cp_in(str(workspace.host_path), workspace.guest_path)
+        bottle.exec(
+            f"chown -R {owner} {guest_path} && chmod {mode} {guest_path}",
+            user="root",
+        )
 
-    @abstractmethod
-    def provision_skills(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Copy the agent's named skills from the host into the
-        running bottle. No-op when the agent has no skills."""
+    def supervise_mcp_url(self, plan: PlanT) -> str:
+        """Return the agent-side URL of the per-bottle supervise
+        sidecar, or "" when this bottle has no sidecar. The provider
+        plugin's `provision_supervise_mcp` uses it to register the
+        MCP entry inside the guest.
 
-    def provision_workspace(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Copy the operator workspace into the running bottle when
-        the backend cannot bake it into the agent image. Default is
-        no-op for backends like Docker that handle this before launch."""
-
-    @abstractmethod
-    def provision_git(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Copy the host's cwd `.git` directory into the running
-        bottle if the user requested --cwd. No-op otherwise."""
-
-    def provision_supervise(self, plan: PlanT, target: str) -> None:
-        """Write the in-bottle Claude Code MCP config so the agent
-        discovers the per-bottle supervise sidecar (PRD 0013).
-        No-op when bottle.supervise is False or the backend doesn't
-        support the supervise sidecar yet. The Docker backend
-        overrides."""
+        Default returns "" so backends without supervise support
+        don't have to implement it. Docker and firecracker override."""
+        del plan
+        return ""
 
     @abstractmethod
     def prepare_cleanup(self) -> CleanupT:
@@ -398,26 +524,65 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
     def enumerate_active(self) -> Sequence[ActiveAgent]:
         """Return every currently-running agent on this backend.
         Empty when none. Backend-specific: docker queries `docker
-        compose ls`; smolmachines queries `smolvm machine ls --json`
-        + cross-references its bundle container."""
+        compose ls`; firecracker cross-references its running sidecar
+        containers against per-bottle metadata."""
 
     @classmethod
     @abstractmethod
     def is_available(cls) -> bool:
         """Whether this backend's runtime prerequisites are satisfied
-        on the current host. Docker → `docker` on PATH; smolmachines
-        → `smolvm` on PATH. Used by the cross-backend
+        on the current host. Docker → `docker` on PATH; firecracker →
+        Linux + KVM. Used by the cross-backend
         `enumerate_active_agents` / `cmd_cleanup` to skip backends
         the operator hasn't installed, so a docker-only host
         doesn't fail when `cli.py list active` walks past
-        smolmachines."""
+        firecracker."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def setup(cls) -> int:
+        """Emit this backend's one-time host setup — privileged network
+        pool, daemon bring-up, install pointers, etc. — as
+        host-appropriate config or commands. Prints to stdout/stderr and
+        returns a shell exit code (0 = nothing to report / success). A
+        backend that needs no host setup prints a short note and returns
+        0. Invoked generically by `./cli.py backend setup [--backend=…]`
+        so operators can provision any backend without a
+        backend-specific command. Classmethod (like `is_available`) —
+        it's a host query, not per-bottle state."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def status(cls) -> int:
+        """Report whether this backend's prerequisites are satisfied on
+        the host — binaries, daemon reachability, network pool, range
+        conflicts, etc. Prints a human-readable summary; returns 0 when
+        the backend is ready to launch and non-zero when something is
+        missing. Invoked by `./cli.py backend status [--backend=…]`."""
+
+    @classmethod
+    @abstractmethod
+    def teardown(cls) -> int:
+        """Undo `setup()` — the inverse operation, surfaced as
+        `./cli.py backend teardown [--backend=…]` (uninstall). Symmetric
+        with setup: where setup is advisory (prints the privileged
+        commands / declarative config to apply), teardown prints the
+        commands / config change to remove the host prerequisites. A
+        backend with no host setup prints a short note and returns 0.
+        Not called by the launch path or the test suite."""
 
 
 # Import concrete backend classes AFTER the base types are defined, so
 # each backend module can pull BottleSpec / BottlePlan / BottleBackend
 # via `from . import ...` without hitting a partially-initialized module.
-from .docker import DockerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402
-from .smolmachines import SmolmachinesBottleBackend  # noqa: E402
+from .docker import DockerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+from .firecracker import FirecrackerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+from .macos_container import MacosContainerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+
+# Freezer is imported after the backend classes for the same reason:
+# Freezer.commit_slug constructs ActiveAgent, which must be fully
+# defined first.
+from .freeze import CommitCancelled, Freezer, get_freezer  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
 
 
 # The dict is heterogeneous: each value is a BottleBackend specialized
@@ -426,7 +591,8 @@ from .smolmachines import SmolmachinesBottleBackend  # noqa: E402
 # unparameterized methods (prepare → plan → launch(plan), cleanup, etc.).
 _BACKENDS: dict[str, BottleBackend[Any, Any]] = {
     "docker": DockerBottleBackend(),
-    "smolmachines": SmolmachinesBottleBackend(),
+    "firecracker": FirecrackerBottleBackend(),
+    "macos-container": MacosContainerBottleBackend(),
 }
 
 
@@ -438,17 +604,31 @@ def get_bottle_backend(
     `name` precedence:
       1. explicit arg (CLI `--backend=<name>` passes through here)
       2. BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND env var
-      3. default `docker`
+      3. `macos-container` on compatible macOS hosts
+      4. `firecracker` on KVM-capable Linux hosts
+      5. default `docker`
 
     Dies with a pointer at the known backends if the chosen name
     isn't implemented."""
-    resolved = name or os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND") or "docker"
+    resolved = name or os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND") or _default_backend_name()
     if resolved not in _BACKENDS:
         known = ", ".join(sorted(_BACKENDS))
         die(f"unknown backend {resolved!r}; known backends: {known}")
     return _BACKENDS[resolved]
 
 
+def _default_backend_name() -> str:
+    if has_backend("macos-container"):
+        return "macos-container"
+    # A KVM-capable Linux host defaults to firecracker even when the
+    # `firecracker` binary isn't installed yet: selecting it here routes
+    # start through firecracker's preflight, which prints an install
+    # pointer, instead of silently falling back to docker.
+    if FirecrackerBottleBackend.is_host_capable():
+        return "firecracker"
+    return "docker"
+
+
 def known_backend_names() -> tuple[str, ...]:
     """Sorted tuple of all backend keys in `_BACKENDS`. Used by
     argparse (`--backend` choices) and the dashboard's backend
@@ -460,7 +640,7 @@ def has_backend(name: str) -> bool:
     """Whether the named backend's runtime prerequisites are
     available on the current host. Cross-backend callers (list,
     cleanup) skip unavailable backends so a docker-only host
-    doesn't fail when the smolmachines backend isn't installed,
+    doesn't fail when the firecracker backend isn't usable,
     and vice versa.
 
     Returns False for unknown names so callers can pass
@@ -498,9 +678,12 @@ __all__ = [
     "BottleCleanupPlan",
     "BottlePlan",
     "BottleSpec",
+    "CommitCancelled",
     "ExecResult",
+    "Freezer",
     "enumerate_active_agents",
     "get_bottle_backend",
+    "get_freezer",
     "has_backend",
     "known_backend_names",
 ]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/__init__.py

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ The bulk of the implementation lives in sibling modules:
 
   - util:                 thin Docker subprocess wrappers
   - network:              Docker network plumbing
-  - pipelock:             DockerPipelockProxy lifecycle
   - bottle_plan:          DockerBottlePlan
   - bottle_cleanup_plan:  DockerBottleCleanupPlan
   - bottle:               DockerBottle handle

bot_bottle/backend/docker/backend.py

@@ -2,13 +2,19 @@
 
 This module is a thin façade. The real work lives in four siblings:
 
-  - prepare.py    — host-side resolution into a DockerBottlePlan
-  - launch.py     — bring-up + teardown context manager
-  - cleanup.py    — orphan enumeration + removal
-  - enumerate.py  — active-agent listing
+  - resolve_plan.py — Docker-specific resolution into a DockerBottlePlan
+  - launch.py       — bring-up + teardown context manager
+  - cleanup.py      — orphan enumeration + removal
+  - enumerate.py    — active-agent listing
 
 The base class's `prepare` template runs cross-backend host-side
 validation before calling `_resolve_plan` here.
+
+Per PRD 0050 the per-provider provisioning steps (prompt, skills,
+the declarative provision-plan apply, supervise MCP registration)
+live on the `AgentProvider` plugin under `bot_bottle/contrib/`. The
+Docker backend only owns the steps that are about backend
+infrastructure: CA install and git copy-in.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -18,25 +24,24 @@ from contextlib import contextmanager
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Generator, Sequence
 
+from ...supervise import SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME, SUPERVISE_PORT
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
 from .. import ActiveAgent, BottleBackend, BottleSpec
 from . import cleanup as _cleanup
 from . import enumerate as _enumerate
 from . import launch as _launch
-from . import prepare as _prepare
+from . import resolve_plan as _resolve_plan
 from .bottle import DockerBottle
 from .bottle_cleanup_plan import DockerBottleCleanupPlan
 from .bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-from .provision import ca as _ca
-from .provision import git as _git
-from .provision import prompt as _prompt
-from .provision import provider_auth as _provider_auth
-from .provision import skills as _skills
-from .provision import supervise as _supervise_prov
-
-
 class DockerBottleBackend(BottleBackend["DockerBottlePlan", "DockerBottleCleanupPlan"]):
     """Docker backend implementation. Selected by BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND
-    (default)."""
+    when set to `docker`; retained as a legacy/example backend."""
 
     name = "docker"
 
@@ -49,31 +54,64 @@ class DockerBottleBackend(BottleBackend["DockerBottlePlan", "DockerBottleCleanup
         launch."""
         return shutil.which("docker") is not None
 
-    def _resolve_plan(self, spec: BottleSpec, *, stage_dir: Path) -> DockerBottlePlan:
-        return _prepare.resolve_plan(spec, stage_dir=stage_dir)
+    @classmethod
+    def setup(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.setup()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def status(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.status()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def teardown(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.teardown()
+
+    def _preflight(self) -> None:
+        _resolve_plan.preflight()
+
+    def _build_guest_env(self, resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return _resolve_plan.build_guest_env(resolved_env)
+
+    def _resolve_plan(
+        self,
+        spec: BottleSpec,
+        *,
+        manifest: Manifest,
+        slug: str,
+        resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+        agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+        egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+        git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+        supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+        stage_dir: Path,
+    ) -> DockerBottlePlan:
+        return _resolve_plan.resolve_plan(
+            spec,
+            manifest=manifest,
+            slug=slug,
+            resolved_env=resolved_env,
+            agent_provision_plan=agent_provision_plan,
+            egress_plan=egress_plan,
+            supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+            git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+            stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        )
 
     @contextmanager
     def launch(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> Generator[DockerBottle, None, None]:
         with _launch.launch(plan, provision=self.provision) as bottle:
             yield bottle
 
-    def provision_ca(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-        _ca.provision_ca(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_prompt(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> str | None:
-        return _prompt.provision_prompt(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_provider_auth(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-        _provider_auth.provision_provider_auth(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_skills(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-        _skills.provision_skills(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_git(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-        _git.provision_git(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_supervise(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-        _supervise_prov.provision_supervise(plan, target)
+    def supervise_mcp_url(self, plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> str:
+        """Docker bottles reach the supervise sidecar via the
+        compose-network alias `supervise:9100`. No per-bottle URL
+        plumbing needed; the alias resolves inside the bridge."""
+        if plan.supervise_plan is None:
+            return ""
+        return f"http://{SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME}:{SUPERVISE_PORT}/"
 
     def prepare_cleanup(self) -> DockerBottleCleanupPlan:
         return _cleanup.prepare_cleanup()

bot_bottle/backend/docker/bottle.py

@@ -5,8 +5,11 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import subprocess
 from typing import Callable
 
+from typing import cast
+
 from ...agent_provider import PromptMode, prompt_args
 from .. import Bottle, ExecResult
+from ..terminal import exec_shell_script
 
 
 class DockerBottle(Bottle):
@@ -20,15 +23,20 @@ class DockerBottle(Bottle):
         *,
         agent_command: str = "claude",
         agent_prompt_mode: PromptMode = "append_file",
+        agent_provider_template: str = "claude",
+        terminal_title: str = "",
+        terminal_color: str = "",
+        agent_workdir: str = "/home/node",
     ):
         self.name = container
         self._teardown = teardown
-        self._prompt_path = prompt_path_in_container
+        self.prompt_path = prompt_path_in_container
         self._agent_prompt_mode = agent_prompt_mode
         self.agent_command = agent_command
-        self.agent_provider_template = (
-            "codex" if agent_command == "codex" else "claude"
-        )
+        self.terminal_title = terminal_title
+        self.terminal_color = terminal_color
+        self.agent_provider_template = agent_provider_template
+        self.agent_workdir = agent_workdir
         self._closed = False
 
     def agent_argv(
@@ -36,18 +44,22 @@ class DockerBottle(Bottle):
     ) -> list[str]:
         full_argv = list(argv)
         full_argv.extend(
-            prompt_args(self._agent_prompt_mode, self._prompt_path, argv=full_argv)
+            prompt_args(cast(PromptMode, self._agent_prompt_mode), self.prompt_path, argv=full_argv)
         )
         cmd = ["docker", "exec"]
         if tty:
             cmd.append("-it")
+        if self.agent_workdir and self.agent_workdir != "/home/node":
+            cmd.extend(["-w", self.agent_workdir])
         cmd.extend([self.name, self.agent_command, *full_argv])
         return cmd
 
     def exec_agent(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> int:
-        return subprocess.run(
-            self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty), check=False,
-        ).returncode
+        agent_argv = self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty)
+        script = exec_shell_script(agent_argv, self.terminal_title, self.terminal_color) if tty else None
+        if script is None:
+            return subprocess.run(agent_argv, check=False).returncode
+        return subprocess.run(["sh", "-lc", script], check=False).returncode
 
     def exec(self, script: str, *, user: str = "node") -> ExecResult:
         # Pipe via stdin to `sh -s` so the caller never has to worry

bot_bottle/backend/docker/bottle_plan.py

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from ...agent_provider import PromptMode
-from ...pipelock import PipelockProxyPlan
 from .. import BottlePlan
 
 
@@ -23,26 +22,32 @@ class DockerBottlePlan(BottlePlan):
     `agent_provision` from BottlePlan."""
 
     slug: str
-    container_name: str
-    container_name_pinned: bool
-    image: str
-    derived_image: str           # "" -> no derived image
-    runtime_image: str           # image actually launched (derived or base)
-    # Absolute path to the Dockerfile that builds `image`. Empty means
-    # use the repo's default Dockerfile. Populated to a per-bottle
-    # state file (~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/Dockerfile) after a
-    # capability-block remediation (PRD 0016).
-    dockerfile_path: str
-    env_file: Path               # docker --env-file: NAME=VALUE literals
     # name -> value for vars forwarded into the docker-run child process
     # via subprocess env (so values never land on argv or in a file).
     # repr=False keeps secret/interpolated/OAuth values out of any
     # accidental log of the plan dataclass.
     forwarded_env: dict[str, str] = field(repr=False)
-    prompt_file: Path
-    proxy_plan: PipelockProxyPlan
     use_runsc: bool
 
+    @property
+    def container_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.instance_name
+
+    @property
+    def image(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.image
+
+    @property
+    def dockerfile_path(self) -> str:
+        """Absolute path to the Dockerfile that builds `image`. Sourced
+        from the agent provision plan — the manifest may override per
+        bottle; otherwise the provider plugin's bundled Dockerfile."""
+        return self.agent_provision.dockerfile
+
+    @property
+    def prompt_file(self) -> Path:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_file
+
     @property
     def agent_command(self) -> str:
         return self.agent_provision.command

bot_bottle/backend/docker/capability_apply.py

@@ -1,220 +0,0 @@
-"""capability_apply — host-side orchestrator for capability-block
-remediation (PRD 0016).
-
-On approval of a capability-block proposal, the dashboard calls
-apply_capability_change(slug, new_dockerfile) which:
-
-  1. Snapshots the agent's transcript dir to
-     ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/transcript/ (best-effort).
-  2. Pushes the agent's working tree via `git push` (best-effort —
-     no upstream / no commits / no git repo all skip with a log).
-  3. Writes the new Dockerfile to
-     ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/Dockerfile (PRD 0016 Phase 1
-     state). The next `cli.py start <agent>` picks it up.
-  4. Force-removes the agent container + all sidecars + the
-     per-bottle networks. Idempotent — missing resources are not
-     errors.
-
-Returns (before, after) Dockerfile contents so the dashboard can
-record / render the diff. (capability-block has no audit log per
-PRD 0013 — the per-bottle Dockerfile state is its own record.)
-
-This is "fire-and-forget" from the agent's perspective: by the time
-the dashboard writes the response file the supervise sidecar is
-gone, so the agent's tool call connection drops without ever
-receiving the response. The replacement agent (next manual
-`cli.py start`) sees the new Dockerfile and starts from there.
-v1 does not auto-relaunch — see PRD 0016's capability-block return
-semantics open question.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...log import info, warn
-from .bottle_state import (
-    mark_preserved,
-    per_bottle_dockerfile,
-    per_bottle_dockerfile_path,
-    transcript_snapshot_dir,
-    write_per_bottle_dockerfile,
-)
-from .sidecar_bundle import sidecar_bundle_container_name
-
-
-# Agent home inside the container (per the repo Dockerfile's
-# `USER node` + `WORKDIR /home/node`). Used to locate the transcript
-# dir + the workspace dir for git push.
-_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER = "/home/node"
-_AGENT_TRANSCRIPT_IN_CONTAINER = f"{_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER}/.claude"
-_AGENT_WORKSPACE_IN_CONTAINER = f"{_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER}/workspace"
-
-# Per-bottle resource name patterns (mirroring prepare.py).
-def _agent_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
-    return f"bot-bottle-{slug}"
-
-
-def _per_bottle_container_names(slug: str) -> list[str]:
-    """All container names that belong to this bottle. Missing
-    containers are silently skipped by the teardown helper, so it's
-    fine to include names that don't exist for a given bottle."""
-    return [
-        _agent_container_name(slug),
-        sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug),
-    ]
-
-
-def _per_bottle_network_names(slug: str) -> list[str]:
-    return [
-        f"bot-bottle-net-{slug}",
-        f"bot-bottle-egress-{slug}",
-    ]
-
-
-class CapabilityApplyError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when the apply fails in a way that should keep the
-    proposal pending (so the operator can retry). Best-effort
-    failures (transcript snapshot, git push) do not raise — they
-    just log and proceed."""
-
-
-# --- Public helpers --------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def fetch_current_dockerfile(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Return the Dockerfile content the next `cli.py start <agent>`
-    would use for this bottle. If a per-bottle override exists, that
-    one; otherwise the repo's Dockerfile.
-
-    Used by the operator-edit verb to show the current source of
-    truth, and by apply_capability_change for the before-diff."""
-    override = per_bottle_dockerfile(slug)
-    if override is not None:
-        return override
-    repo_dockerfile = _repo_dockerfile_path()
-    if repo_dockerfile.is_file():
-        return repo_dockerfile.read_text()
-    raise CapabilityApplyError(
-        f"no per-bottle Dockerfile for {slug} and no repo Dockerfile at "
-        f"{repo_dockerfile}"
-    )
-
-
-def apply_capability_change(slug: str, new_dockerfile: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """End-to-end capability-block remediation. See module docstring
-    for the sequence. Returns (before, after) Dockerfile content."""
-    if not new_dockerfile.strip():
-        raise CapabilityApplyError("proposed Dockerfile is empty")
-    before = fetch_current_dockerfile(slug)
-
-    snapshot_transcript(slug)
-    _push_working_tree(slug)
-    write_per_bottle_dockerfile(slug, new_dockerfile)
-    # Set the preserve marker BEFORE teardown so cli.py's session-end
-    # cleanup sees it and keeps the state dir intact for the
-    # operator's `cli.py resume <identity>`. Without the marker the
-    # state dir would be deleted as part of normal session end.
-    mark_preserved(slug)
-    _teardown_bottle(slug)
-
-    return before, new_dockerfile
-
-
-# --- Internals -------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def _repo_dockerfile_path() -> Path:
-    """Path to the repo's Claude Dockerfile (one dir above this module's
-    package root). Resolved at call time so the path is correct
-    regardless of where this module is imported from."""
-    # bot_bottle/backend/docker/capability_apply.py -> repo root
-    return Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent / "Dockerfile.claude"
-
-
-def snapshot_transcript(slug: str) -> None:
-    """`docker cp` /home/node/.claude out of the agent container into
-    ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/transcript/. Best-effort: missing
-    container, missing dir, or cp error all log a warning and return.
-    The transcript is what `claude --resume` reads to pick up where
-    the agent left off.
-
-    Called from two places:
-      - capability-apply, before tearing the bottle down.
-      - cli.py's session-end path, before the launch context closes,
-        so a crash or normal exit also leaves a transcript on disk
-        (deleted along with the state dir on clean exit, kept on
-        crash or capability-block per the preserve marker)."""
-    container = _agent_container_name(slug)
-    dest = transcript_snapshot_dir(slug)
-    if dest.exists():
-        # Remove any prior snapshot so the new one is a clean copy.
-        shutil.rmtree(dest, ignore_errors=True)
-    dest.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", f"{container}:{_AGENT_TRANSCRIPT_IN_CONTAINER}", str(dest)],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"transcript snapshot skipped "
-            f"({(r.stderr or '').strip() or 'no transcript dir in container?'})"
-        )
-        return
-    info(f"transcript snapshotted to {dest}")
-
-
-def _push_working_tree(slug: str) -> None:
-    """`docker exec <agent> git push` from /home/node/workspace.
-    Best-effort: not-a-git-repo, no upstream, nothing-to-push, no
-    network all log a warning and return. The replacement bottle
-    will pick up whatever's actually upstream."""
-    container = _agent_container_name(slug)
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        [
-            "docker", "exec", container, "sh", "-c",
-            f"cd {_AGENT_WORKSPACE_IN_CONTAINER} && "
-            f"git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree >/dev/null 2>&1 && "
-            f"git push origin HEAD 2>&1 || true",
-        ],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"capability-apply: git push skipped "
-            f"({(r.stderr or '').strip() or 'docker exec failed'})"
-        )
-        return
-    output = (r.stdout or "").strip()
-    if output:
-        info(f"capability-apply: git push: {output}")
-    else:
-        info("capability-apply: git push ran (no output — likely not a git workspace)")
-
-
-def _teardown_bottle(slug: str) -> None:
-    """Force-remove all per-bottle docker resources. Idempotent —
-    `docker rm -f` / `docker network rm` silently ignore missing
-    names, so this can be called even mid-rebuild."""
-    info(f"capability-apply: tearing down bottle {slug}")
-    for name in _per_bottle_container_names(slug):
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "rm", "-f", name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
-        )
-    for net in _per_bottle_network_names(slug):
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "network", "rm", net],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
-        )
-
-
-__all__ = [
-    "CapabilityApplyError",
-    "apply_capability_change",
-    "fetch_current_dockerfile",
-    "snapshot_transcript",
-]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/cleanup.py

@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@ scan, just as a fallback bucket alongside the project list.
 
 `cleanup` removes everything in the plan.
 
-Active-agent enumeration lives in `backend/docker/enumerate.py`
-(mirror of `backend/smolmachines/enumerate.py`).
+Active-agent enumeration lives in `backend/docker/enumerate.py`.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ from ... import supervise as _supervise
 from ...log import info, warn
 from . import util as docker_mod
 from .bottle_cleanup_plan import DockerBottleCleanupPlan
-from .bottle_state import bottle_state_dir, is_preserved
+from ...bottle_state import bottle_state_dir, is_preserved
 from .compose import COMPOSE_PROJECT_PREFIX, list_compose_projects
 
 
@@ -93,8 +92,8 @@ def _list_orphan_state_dirs(
 
     `protected_identities` is the set of slugs that are live in
     ANY backend — used so this docker-side check doesn't reap a
-    running smolmachines bottle's state dir (the layout is shared
-    across both backends)."""
+    running non-docker bottle's state dir (the layout is shared
+    across backends)."""
     state_root = _supervise.bot_bottle_root() / "state"
     if not state_root.is_dir():
         return []
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ def prepare_cleanup() -> DockerBottleCleanupPlan:
 
     Pulls the union of live identities across backends via
     `enumerate_active_agents()` so the orphan-state-dir bucket
-    doesn't include slugs whose smolmachines VM is still up."""
+    doesn't include slugs whose non-docker bottle is still up."""
     docker_mod.require_docker()
     projects = list_compose_projects()
     project_set = set(projects)

bot_bottle/backend/docker/compose.py

@@ -7,34 +7,14 @@ two networks, no named volumes.
 
 Pure function. No I/O, no subprocess. Expects every launch-time
 field (network names, CA host paths, etc.) on the plan's inner
-plans to be populated; chunks 2+3 own that ordering. Chunk 1 just
-encodes the translation so it can be unit-tested in isolation.
+plans to be populated; chunks 2+3 own that ordering.
 
-Conditional services follow the plan content (matches the
-SDK-call branching in `launch.py` today):
+Conditional services follow the plan content:
 
-  - pipelock + agent: always.
-  - git-gate:         iff plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams.
-  - egress:           iff plan.egress_plan.routes.
-  - supervise:        iff plan.supervise_plan is not None.
-
-Naming:
-
-  - Compose project: `bot-bottle-<slug>`.
-  - Service names (inside the file): `agent`, `pipelock`,
-    `egress`, `git-gate`, `supervise`.
-  - `container_name:` matches today's pattern
-    (`bot-bottle-<service>-<slug>`) so dashboard/cleanup discovery
-    via the prefix scan keeps working through the transition.
-  - Network aliases preserve the current dial-by-shortname pattern
-    for `egress` / `supervise`, and add the long container-name as
-    an internal-network alias for `pipelock` / `git-gate` so any
-    caller still referencing the long name resolves.
-
-Sidecars that are built (egress, git-gate, supervise) get a
-compose `build:` block pointing at the repo Dockerfile; the
-`image:` tag is set explicitly so cached images on the daemon
-aren't rebuilt on every up.
+  - agent + sidecars bundle: always.
+  - git-gate:  iff plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams.
+  - egress:    iff plan.egress_plan.routes.
+  - supervise: iff plan.supervise_plan is not None.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -48,13 +28,13 @@ from typing import Any
 from ...egress import (
     EGRESS_HOSTNAME,
     EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER,
+    egress_agent_env_entries,
+    egress_sidecar_env_entries,
 )
 from ...git_gate import GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME
 from ...log import die, warn
-from ...pipelock import PIPELOCK_HOSTNAME
 from ...supervise import (
-    CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT,
-    QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
+    DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER,
     SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME,
     SUPERVISE_PORT,
 )
@@ -63,7 +43,7 @@ from ..util import AGENT_CA_BUNDLE, AGENT_CA_PATH
 from .bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
 from .egress import (
     EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER,
-    EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER,
+    EGRESS_PORT,
 )
 from .git_gate import (
     GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
@@ -71,11 +51,7 @@ from .git_gate import (
     GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER,
     GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
 )
-from .pipelock import (
-    PIPELOCK_CA_CERT_IN_CONTAINER,
-    PIPELOCK_CA_KEY_IN_CONTAINER,
-    PIPELOCK_PORT,
-)
+from . import network as network_mod
 from .sidecar_bundle import (
     SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
     SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
@@ -91,12 +67,11 @@ def bottle_plan_to_compose(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """Render a Compose v2 spec dict from a fully-resolved
     DockerBottlePlan.
 
-    The plan must have its inner plans (`proxy_plan`,
-    `git_gate_plan`, `egress_plan`, `supervise_plan`) populated
-    with launch-time fields — network names, CA host paths,
-    pipelock_proxy_url. The renderer doesn't validate; callers
-    feed it a fully-resolved plan or get an incomplete compose
-    spec back.
+    The plan must have its inner plans (`git_gate_plan`,
+    `egress_plan`, `supervise_plan`) populated with launch-time
+    fields — network names, CA host paths. The renderer doesn't
+    validate; callers feed it a fully-resolved plan or get an
+    incomplete compose spec back.
     """
     project = f"bot-bottle-{plan.slug}"
     services: dict[str, Any] = {
@@ -118,11 +93,11 @@ def _networks(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     bridge."""
     return {
         "internal": {
-            "name": plan.proxy_plan.internal_network,
+            "name": network_mod.network_name_for_slug(plan.slug),
             "internal": True,
         },
         "egress": {
-            "name": plan.proxy_plan.egress_network,
+            "name": network_mod.network_egress_name_for_slug(plan.slug),
         },
     }
 
@@ -142,29 +117,12 @@ def _bind(host: str | Path, target: str, *, read_only: bool = True) -> dict[str,
 
 def _sidecar_bundle_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """The `sidecars` service: one container per bottle, bundle
-    image, all four daemons under a Python init supervisor.
+    image, all daemons under a Python init supervisor.
 
-    Mechanics:
-
-      - Daemon subset narrows via `BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS`
-        env. pipelock is always present; egress / git-gate /
-        supervise are conditional on the plan.
-      - Volumes are the union of the four daemons' bind-mounts,
-        preserving the same in-container paths so each daemon
-        finds its config / hooks / CA where it expects.
-      - Environment is the union of *daemon-private* env vars
-        (EGRESS_UPSTREAM_PROXY, SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG, etc).
-        HTTPS_PROXY is NOT propagated here — see the comment in
-        egress_entrypoint.sh; setting it at the container level
-        would route git-gate's git fetches through pipelock,
-        which is wrong.
-      - Network aliases register every legacy short/long
-        hostname (pipelock, egress, git-gate, supervise plus
-        their `bot-bottle-<service>-<slug>` long forms) so
-        the agent's HTTPS_PROXY URL and any other inter-service
-        reference resolves to the bundle.
+    Daemon subset narrows via `BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS` env.
+    egress is always present; git-gate / supervise are conditional.
     """
-    daemons: list[str] = ["egress", "pipelock"]
+    daemons: list[str] = ["egress"]
     if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
         daemons.append("git-gate")
     if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
@@ -173,31 +131,14 @@ def _sidecar_bundle_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     env: list[str] = [f"BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS={','.join(daemons)}"]
     volumes: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
 
-    # --- pipelock ----------------------------------------------------
-    pp = plan.proxy_plan
-    volumes += [
-        _bind(pp.yaml_path, "/etc/pipelock.yaml"),
-        _bind(pp.ca_cert_host_path, PIPELOCK_CA_CERT_IN_CONTAINER),
-        _bind(pp.ca_key_host_path, PIPELOCK_CA_KEY_IN_CONTAINER),
-    ]
-
-    # --- egress (always part of the bundle; the EGRESS_UPSTREAM_*
-    # env vars + ca bind-mounts are needed iff routes exist; when
-    # the bottle has no routes the egress daemon falls back to its
-    # `regular@9099` mode and is unused) -----------------------------
+    # --- egress -------------------------------------------------------
     ep = plan.egress_plan
+    volumes.append(_bind(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path, EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER))
     if ep.routes:
-        env.append(f"EGRESS_UPSTREAM_PROXY={ep.pipelock_proxy_url}")
-        env.append(f"EGRESS_UPSTREAM_CA={EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER}")
-        volumes += [
-            _bind(ep.routes_path, EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER),
-            _bind(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path, EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER),
-            _bind(ep.pipelock_ca_host_path, EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER),
-        ]
-        for token_env in sorted(ep.token_env_map.keys()):
-            env.append(token_env)
+        volumes.append(_bind(ep.routes_path.parent, str(Path(EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER).parent)))
+    env.extend(egress_sidecar_env_entries(ep))
 
-    # --- git-gate ----------------------------------------------------
+    # --- git-gate -----------------------------------------------------
     gp = plan.git_gate_plan
     if gp.upstreams:
         volumes += [
@@ -217,28 +158,21 @@ def _sidecar_bundle_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
                     f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{u.name}-known_hosts",
                 ))
 
-    # --- supervise ---------------------------------------------------
+    # --- supervise ----------------------------------------------------
     sp = plan.supervise_plan
     if sp is not None:
         env += [
             f"SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG={plan.slug}",
-            f"SUPERVISE_QUEUE_DIR={QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_DB_PATH={DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER}",
             f"SUPERVISE_PORT={SUPERVISE_PORT}",
         ]
         volumes.append({
             "type": "bind",
-            "source": str(sp.queue_dir),
-            "target": QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
+            "source": str(sp.db_path),
+            "target": DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER,
             "read_only": False,
         })
-
-    # Internal-network aliases: the agent reaches each daemon through
-    # its short name (pipelock / egress / git-gate / supervise) which
-    # the bundle answers as if it were the daemon itself.
-    internal_aliases = [
-        PIPELOCK_HOSTNAME,
-        EGRESS_HOSTNAME,
-    ]
+    internal_aliases = [EGRESS_HOSTNAME]
     if gp.upstreams:
         internal_aliases.append(GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME)
     if sp is not None:
@@ -263,11 +197,8 @@ def _sidecar_bundle_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
 
 def _agent_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """Agent container. Runs `sleep infinity`; claude is `docker
-    exec -it`'d into it later. No TTY at the container level —
-    interactivity is per-exec. HTTP_PROXY/HTTPS_PROXY point at the
-    egress short-alias when an egress is declared, otherwise
-    straight at pipelock's container name. CA trust trio matches
-    the existing launch.py wiring."""
+    exec -it`'d into it later. HTTP_PROXY/HTTPS_PROXY point at the
+    egress sidecar."""
     proxy_url = _agent_proxy_url(plan)
     no_proxy = _agent_no_proxy(plan)
     env: list[str] = [
@@ -288,9 +219,10 @@ def _agent_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     # never lands on argv or in the compose file.
     for name in sorted(plan.forwarded_env.keys()):
         env.append(name)
+    env.extend(egress_agent_env_entries(plan.egress_plan))
 
     service: dict[str, Any] = {
-        "image": plan.runtime_image,
+        "image": plan.image,
         "container_name": plan.container_name,
         "command": ["sleep", "infinity"],
         "networks": {"internal": None},
@@ -298,17 +230,6 @@ def _agent_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     }
     if plan.use_runsc:
         service["runtime"] = "runsc"
-    if plan.env_file and plan.env_file.exists() and plan.env_file.stat().st_size > 0:
-        service["env_file"] = [str(plan.env_file)]
-
-    volumes: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
-    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
-        volumes.append(_bind(
-            plan.supervise_plan.current_config_dir,
-            CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT,
-        ))
-    if volumes:
-        service["volumes"] = volumes
 
     # The init supervisor inside the bundle owns intra-bundle
     # daemon ordering, so the agent only waits for the bundle
@@ -319,21 +240,14 @@ def _agent_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
 
 
 def _agent_proxy_url(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> str:
-    """Pick the agent's HTTP_PROXY. With egress declared, the agent
-    goes through egress (which in turn HTTPS_PROXYs to pipelock on
-    its outbound leg). Without egress, the agent talks straight to
-    pipelock."""
-    if plan.egress_plan.routes:
-        from .egress import EGRESS_PORT
-        return f"http://{EGRESS_HOSTNAME}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
-    return f"http://{PIPELOCK_HOSTNAME}:{PIPELOCK_PORT}"
+    """Agent's HTTP_PROXY — always points at egress."""
+    return f"http://{EGRESS_HOSTNAME}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
 
 
 def _agent_no_proxy(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> str:
-    """NO_PROXY for the agent. Matches the launch.py rules:
-    loopback always, supervise hostname when the supervise sidecar
-    is up (the MCP long-poll pattern needs to bypass pipelock's
-    idle timeout)."""
+    """NO_PROXY for the agent: loopback always; supervise hostname
+    when the supervise sidecar is up (MCP long-poll must bypass
+    the egress proxy)."""
     hosts = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1"]
     if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
         hosts.append(SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME)

bot_bottle/backend/docker/egress.py

@@ -22,14 +22,8 @@ from ...log import die
 EGRESS_PORT = int(os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_EGRESS_PORT", "9099"))
 
 # In-container path for mitmproxy's CA. The format is a single PEM
-# file holding BOTH the cert and the private key, concatenated. The
-# upstream-trust CA (pipelock's, so egress trusts the upstream
-# leg) is a separate file because pipelock keeps a different CA on
-# its end.
+# file holding BOTH the cert and the private key, concatenated.
 EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER = "/home/mitmproxy/.mitmproxy/mitmproxy-ca.pem"
-EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER = (
-    "/home/mitmproxy/.mitmproxy/pipelock-ca.pem"
-)
 
 
 def egress_tls_init(stage_dir: Path) -> tuple[Path, Path]:
@@ -42,16 +36,8 @@ def egress_tls_init(stage_dir: Path) -> tuple[Path, Path]:
         trust store by `provision_ca` so the agent trusts the bumped
         CONNECT cert egress presents.
 
-    Why openssl req (not the pipelock binary's `tls init`):
-    pipelock's CA generator stamps a non-standard `Subject Key
-    Identifier` on the CA (random rather than SHA-1 of the pubkey).
-    mitmproxy computes the `Authority Key Identifier` on each leaf
-    it mints as SHA-1(issuer's pubkey). openssl's chain validator
-    uses the leaf's AKI to find the issuer cert by SKI; pipelock's
-    SKI doesn't match → openssl reports "unable to get local issuer
-    certificate" even though the CA is right there in the trust
-    store. openssl req's `subjectKeyIdentifier=hash` extension uses
-    SHA-1(pubkey), matching mitmproxy's computation.
+    openssl req's `subjectKeyIdentifier=hash` extension uses
+    SHA-1(pubkey), matching mitmproxy's AKI computation on leaves.
 
     Both files live under `<stage_dir>/egress-ca/` (mode 644 —
     `docker cp` preserves the mode into the container, where the

bot_bottle/backend/docker/egress_apply.py

@@ -1,86 +1,22 @@
-"""Host-side helper to apply a routes.yaml change to a running
-egress sidecar (PRD 0014 retargeted by PRD 0017 chunk 3).
+"""Host-side helper for egress sidecar inspection and live updates.
 
-Used by the supervise dashboard when the operator approves an
-egress-block proposal (or runs the operator-initiated
-`routes edit <bottle>` verb). Fetches the current routes.yaml via
-`docker exec cat`, validates the new content, writes it into the
-sidecar via `docker cp`, then `docker kill --signal HUP` to make
-the addon reload without dropping connections.
-
-Also mirrors the new route hosts into pipelock's hostname allowlist
-so the downstream leg lets them through — egress enforces
-the path-aware allowlist on the agent leg, pipelock enforces the
-hostname allowlist + DLP body scan on the upstream leg, and a
-host added to one must be in the other or the request 403s
-somewhere along the chain.
-
-Raises EgressApplyError on any failure — the dashboard
-surfaces the message and keeps the proposal pending so the
-operator can retry.
+The approve path uses this module to validate a proposed routes file,
+write it to the bottle's live egress state dir, and signal the sidecar
+bundle so the mitmproxy addon reloads it.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import json
-import re
+import os
 import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
 
 from ...egress import EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER
-from ...egress_addon_core import load_routes
-from ...yaml_subset import YamlSubsetError, parse_yaml_subset
-from .bottle_state import egress_state_dir
+from ...log import warn
+from ..egress_apply import EgressApplicator, EgressApplyError
 from .sidecar_bundle import sidecar_bundle_container_name
-from .pipelock_apply import (
-    PipelockApplyError,
-    apply_allowlist_change,
-    fetch_current_allowlist,
-    parse_allowlist_content,
-    render_allowlist_content,
-)
-
-
-def _render_routes_payload(routes_list: list[dict[str, object]]) -> str:
-    """Render a list-of-dicts routes payload as YAML matching the
-    shape `egress_render_routes` produces. The apply path
-    round-trips current routes.yaml through this so the file the
-    sidecar sees stays in the YAML format the addon expects."""
-    if not routes_list:
-        return "routes: []\n"
-    lines: list[str] = ["routes:"]
-    for entry in routes_list:
-        host = str(entry.get("host", ""))
-        lines.append(f'  - host: "{host}"')
-        auth_scheme = entry.get("auth_scheme")
-        token_env = entry.get("token_env")
-        if auth_scheme and token_env:
-            lines.append(f'    auth_scheme: "{auth_scheme}"')
-            lines.append(f'    token_env: "{token_env}"')
-        paths = entry.get("path_allowlist") or []
-        if paths:
-            lines.append("    path_allowlist:")
-            for p in paths:
-                lines.append(f'      - "{p}"')
-    return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
-
-
-def _egress_routes_host_path(slug: str) -> Path:
-    """The bind-mount source for the egress sidecar's routes.yaml.
-    Must match what egress.prepare wrote at chunk-2 paths."""
-    return egress_state_dir(slug) / "egress_routes.yaml"
-
-
-class EgressApplyError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when fetch / apply fails. Caller renders to the
-    operator; does not crash the dashboard."""
 
 
 def fetch_current_routes(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Read the live routes.yaml from the running egress sidecar
-    for `slug`. Returns the file content as a string. Raises
-    EgressApplyError if the sidecar isn't reachable or the read
-    fails."""
     container = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
     r = subprocess.run(
         ["docker", "exec", container, "cat", EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER],
@@ -94,250 +30,31 @@ def fetch_current_routes(slug: str) -> str:
     return r.stdout
 
 
-def validate_routes_content(content: str) -> None:
-    """Syntactic check before SIGHUP — the addon's reload also
-    validates, but failing here keeps the old routes live and gives
-    the operator a clearer error than the addon's stderr line."""
-    try:
-        load_routes(content)
-    except ValueError as e:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"proposed routes.yaml is not valid: {e}"
-        ) from e
-
-
-def _hosts_in_routes(content: str) -> list[str]:
-    """Extract the host list from a routes.yaml content string.
-    Uses the addon's own parser so any host the addon will match on
-    also lands in pipelock's allowlist. Returns sorted+deduped."""
-    try:
-        routes = load_routes(content)
-    except ValueError as e:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"proposed routes.yaml is not valid: {e}"
-        ) from e
-    return sorted({r.host for r in routes if r.host})
-
-
-# Pipelock's allowlist parser accepts only literal hostnames:
-# `[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+`. Anything else (wildcards, IPv6 literals,
-# stray characters) is silently dropped from the mirror so the
-# pipelock apply doesn't fail parse before the new yaml is even
-# written. The dropped hosts stay on egress's route table —
-# but the addon does exact-host match only, so they'll never
-# match anything either. (Wildcard host matching was removed —
-# see `match_route` in egress_addon_core for the rationale.)
-_PIPELOCK_HOST_RE = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+$")
-
-
-def _pipelock_safe_hosts(hosts: list[str]) -> list[str]:
-    """Drop any host pipelock's allowlist parser would reject.
-    Order preserved."""
-    return [h for h in hosts if _PIPELOCK_HOST_RE.match(h)]
-
-
-def _mirror_hosts_to_pipelock(slug: str, hosts: list[str]) -> None:
-    """Ensure every pipelock-compatible `hosts` entry is on
-    pipelock's allowlist. Fetches pipelock's current allowlist,
-    merges, re-applies. Hosts pipelock can't represent (wildcards,
-    etc.) are silently skipped — they stay live on egress
-    but aren't enforced at pipelock. No-op if every host is already
-    present (apply still restarts pipelock if any host is new).
-    Raises EgressApplyError on pipelock failures so the
-    caller's diff/audit reflects the half-state."""
-    safe_hosts = _pipelock_safe_hosts(hosts)
-    try:
-        current = fetch_current_allowlist(slug)
-        existing = parse_allowlist_content(current)
-        merged = sorted(set(existing) | set(safe_hosts))
-        if merged == sorted(existing):
-            return  # nothing to add
-        apply_allowlist_change(slug, render_allowlist_content(merged))
-    except PipelockApplyError as e:
-        # Mirror runs BEFORE the egress write, so egress
-        # is unchanged on this failure path. Report it as a
-        # pipelock-side problem so the operator looks in the right
-        # place; their `pipelock edit` flow can repair manually.
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"pipelock allowlist mirror failed (egress NOT "
-            f"updated): {e}. Fix pipelock's allowlist manually with "
-            f"`pipelock edit <bottle>` then retry the proposal."
-        ) from e
-
-
-def apply_routes_change(slug: str, new_content: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """Apply `new_content` to the egress sidecar for `slug`:
-      1. Fetch current routes.yaml (for the before-diff).
-      2. Validate the new content via the addon's own parser.
-      3. Mirror the route hosts onto pipelock's allowlist (so the
-         downstream hostname gate lets them through).
-      4. Write to a temp file, `docker cp` into the egress
-         sidecar.
-      5. `docker kill --signal HUP` so the addon reloads.
-
-    Order matters: pipelock first, then egress. If the
-    pipelock step fails, egress hasn't been touched and the
-    old routes stay live. If the egress step fails after
-    pipelock succeeded, pipelock has the host in its allowlist but
-    egress doesn't enforce it yet — harmless extra-permissive
-    state at pipelock, and a re-approval will land the egress
-    side.
-
-    Returns (before, after) where `after` == `new_content`. Raises
-    EgressApplyError on any step."""
-    container = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
-    before = fetch_current_routes(slug)
-    validate_routes_content(new_content)
-
-    # Pipelock mirror first — if it fails, egress stays intact
-    # and the operator gets a clear error about the half-state.
-    _mirror_hosts_to_pipelock(slug, _hosts_in_routes(new_content))
-
-    # routes.yaml is bind-mounted into the egress container as a
-    # SINGLE FILE. Docker single-file bind mounts pin the source
-    # inode at mount time; write-temp-then-rename swaps the inode
-    # on the host, which leaves the container's mount pointing at
-    # the now-orphaned old inode (so the SIGHUP'd reload re-reads
-    # unchanged content). Write in-place instead. Lose file-level
-    # atomicity, but the apply path issues SIGHUP only AFTER the
-    # write returns, and the addon's `load_routes` raises
-    # `ValueError` on a partial read and keeps the previous
-    # in-memory routes — so a SIGHUP that hypothetically raced an
-    # in-flight write is non-disruptive.
-    target = _egress_routes_host_path(slug)
-    target.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    target.write_text(new_content)
-    # mitmproxy in the container reads through the bind mount as
-    # uid 1000; the host file has to be world-readable for that
-    # read to succeed (parent dir at 0o700 still restricts who
-    # can reach the file on the host). Routes content is not
-    # secret — tokens live in the container's environ — so 0o644
-    # is the right trade-off.
-    target.chmod(0o644)
-    sig = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "kill", "--signal", "HUP", container],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if sig.returncode != 0:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"failed to SIGHUP {container}: "
-            f"{(sig.stderr or '').strip()}"
+class DockerEgressApplicator(EgressApplicator):
+    def _signal_bundle_reload(self, slug: str) -> None:
+        container = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["docker", "kill", "--signal", "HUP", container],
+            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False, env=os.environ,
         )
-
-    return before, new_content
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            last_error = (result.stderr or "").strip() or (result.stdout or "").strip()
+            warn(
+                f"egress: routes updated on disk for {slug}, but bundle reload failed: "
+                f"{last_error or 'docker kill failed'}"
+            )
+            raise EgressApplyError(
+                f"could not reload egress bundle {container}: "
+                f"{last_error or 'docker kill failed'}"
+            )
 
 
-def _merge_single_route(
-    current_yaml: str, new_route: dict[str, object],
-) -> str:
-    """Merge a single proposed route into the current routes.yaml
-    content, returning the merged YAML string.
-
-    Behavior:
-      - If `new_route['host']` is NOT in the current routes →
-        append the route.
-      - If the host IS already present → union the path_allowlist
-        entries (proposed ∪ existing). The existing `auth_scheme`
-        and `token_env` are preserved — agent-proposed auth changes
-        on an existing host are ignored, matching the tool's
-        documented semantics.
-
-    Round-trips the file through `yaml_subset` (the same parser
-    the addon uses), so the merged output is in the YAML format
-    the sidecar reads. Token VALUES never appear here; the routes
-    file carries only env-var slot NAMES."""
-    try:
-        cfg = parse_yaml_subset(current_yaml)
-    except YamlSubsetError as e:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"current routes.yaml is not valid YAML: {e}"
-        ) from e
-    routes = cfg.get("routes")
-    if not isinstance(routes, list):
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            "current routes.yaml: 'routes' is not a list"
-        )
-
-    new_host = str(new_route.get("host", "")).lower()
-    if not new_host:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            "proposed route is missing 'host'"
-        )
-
-    proposed_paths = list(new_route.get("path_allowlist") or [])
-
-    # Look for an existing entry with the same host (case-insensitive).
-    for entry in routes:
-        if not isinstance(entry, dict):
-            continue
-        if str(entry.get("host", "")).lower() == new_host:
-            # Merge path_allowlist: union proposed + existing, ordered
-            # by first-seen so existing paths stay in original order.
-            existing_paths: list[str] = list(entry.get("path_allowlist") or [])
-            seen = {p: None for p in existing_paths}
-            for p in proposed_paths:
-                seen.setdefault(p, None)
-            merged_paths = list(seen.keys())
-            if merged_paths:
-                entry["path_allowlist"] = merged_paths
-            # Preserve existing auth — tool description says agent-
-            # proposed auth on an existing host is ignored.
-            break
-    else:
-        # Host not present; build a new route entry from the
-        # proposed fields. Need to assign a token_env slot if
-        # `auth` was proposed (otherwise the addon's parser rejects
-        # a half-set auth pair). Slots: count existing slots, pick
-        # the next free index.
-        entry = {"host": new_route["host"]}
-        if proposed_paths:
-            entry["path_allowlist"] = proposed_paths
-        auth = new_route.get("auth")
-        if isinstance(auth, dict) and auth.get("scheme") and auth.get("token_ref"):
-            existing_slots = sorted({
-                str(r.get("token_env"))
-                for r in routes
-                if isinstance(r, dict) and r.get("token_env")
-            })
-            next_idx = len(existing_slots)
-            entry["auth_scheme"] = str(auth["scheme"])
-            entry["token_env"] = f"EGRESS_TOKEN_{next_idx}"
-            # NOTE: the addon reads token VALUES from its container's
-            # environ keyed by token_env. A newly-added auth route at
-            # runtime points at a slot that has no env value → the
-            # addon will 403 with "token env unset" until the operator
-            # arranges for the value to land in the container's env.
-            # Recording this here so the operator-facing diff carries
-            # the slot name they'll need to provision.
-        routes.append(entry)
-
-    return _render_routes_payload(routes)
-
-
-def add_route(slug: str, proposed_route_json: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """Apply a single-route addition to the egress. Parses the
-    agent's proposed route, fetches the current routes file, merges,
-    and applies via `apply_routes_change`. Returns (before, after)
-    full-file content for the audit log."""
-    try:
-        proposed = json.loads(proposed_route_json)
-    except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            f"proposed route is not valid JSON: {e}"
-        ) from e
-    if not isinstance(proposed, dict):
-        raise EgressApplyError(
-            "proposed route must be a JSON object"
-        )
-    current = fetch_current_routes(slug)
-    merged = _merge_single_route(current, proposed)
-    return apply_routes_change(slug, merged)
+applicator = DockerEgressApplicator()
 
 
 __all__ = [
+    "DockerEgressApplicator",
     "EgressApplyError",
-    "add_route",
-    "apply_routes_change",
+    "applicator",
     "fetch_current_routes",
-    "validate_routes_content",
 ]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/enumerate.py

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 """Active-agent enumeration for the docker backend.
 
-Mirrors `backend/smolmachines/enumerate.py`: returns
-`ActiveAgent` records the CLI `list active` command and the
+Returns `ActiveAgent` records the CLI `list active` command and the
 dashboard agents pane consume. Empty when docker isn't reachable
 — gated by `has_backend('docker')` at the cross-backend caller
 so this module trusts that docker is available when called.
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import subprocess
 
 from .. import ActiveAgent
-from .bottle_state import read_metadata
+from ...bottle_state import read_metadata
 from .compose import compose_project_name, list_active_slugs
 
 
@@ -39,6 +38,8 @@ def enumerate_active() -> list[ActiveAgent]:
             agent_name=metadata.agent_name if metadata else "?",
             started_at=metadata.started_at if metadata else "",
             services=tuple(sorted(services)),
+            label=metadata.label if metadata else "",
+            color=metadata.color if metadata else "",
         ))
     return out
 

bot_bottle/backend/docker/freezer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+"""DockerFreezer — snapshot a Docker bottle via `docker commit`."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+from ..freeze import Freezer
+from .util import commit_container
+from ...log import info
+
+
+class DockerFreezer(Freezer):
+    """Freezes a Docker bottle by running `docker commit`."""
+
+    backend_name = "docker"
+
+    def _freeze(self, agent: ActiveAgent) -> str:
+        container = f"bot-bottle-{agent.slug}"
+        image_tag = f"bot-bottle-committed-{agent.slug}:latest"
+        commit_container(container, image_tag)
+        return image_tag
+
+    def _export_hint(self, slug: str, image_ref: str) -> None:
+        info(f"to export for migration:      docker save {image_ref} -o {slug}.tar")

bot_bottle/backend/docker/launch.py

@@ -4,25 +4,19 @@ PRD 0018 chunk 3: each instance is one `docker compose` project.
 
 The flow is:
 
-  1. Build the agent's base + derived image (compose builds the
-     sidecar images via the `build:` directive on first up).
-  2. Pre-create the per-bottle networks. We do this outside compose
-     so we can inspect the assigned internal CIDR and embed it in
-     pipelock's yaml (compose's `external: true` lets the compose
-     file reference these pre-existing networks).
-  3. Mint the per-bottle CAs (chunk 2 writes them under
-     state/<slug>/{pipelock,egress}/).
-  4. Re-render pipelock yaml with the now-known internal CIDR so
-     the SSRF allowlist exempts the bottle's own subnet.
-  5. Populate the inner plans with launch-time fields so the
-     renderer can read network names, CA paths, pipelock URL.
+  1. Build the agent image from the provider Dockerfile (compose
+     builds the sidecar images via the `build:` directive on first up).
+  2. Mint the per-bottle egress CA (chunk 2 writes it under
+     state/<slug>/egress/).
+  3. Populate the inner plans with launch-time fields so the
+     renderer can read network names, CA paths.
   6. Render the compose spec, write it to
      state/<slug>/docker-compose.yml, write metadata.json.
   7. `docker compose up -d` (token + OAuth values flow into the
      compose subprocess env so `environment: [NAME]` bare-name
      entries inherit without rendering values into the file).
-  8. Provision (CA install, prompt copy, skills, git, supervise
-     config) — unchanged, uses `docker exec`.
+  8. Provision (CA install, prompt copy, skills, workspace, git,
+     supervise config) — unchanged, uses `docker exec` / `docker cp`.
   9. Yield a DockerBottle handle. `exec_agent` runs claude via
      `docker exec -it` exactly like the pre-compose world.
 
@@ -43,15 +37,20 @@ from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Callable, Generator
 
 from ...egress import egress_resolve_token_values
+from ...git_gate import (
+    provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys,
+    revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys,
+)
 from ...log import info, warn
 from . import network as network_mod
 from . import util as docker_mod
 from .bottle import DockerBottle
 from .bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-from .bottle_state import (
+from ...bottle_state import (
     bottle_state_dir,
     egress_state_dir,
-    pipelock_state_dir,
+    git_gate_state_dir,
+    read_committed_image,
 )
 from .compose import (
     bottle_plan_to_compose,
@@ -64,10 +63,6 @@ from .compose import (
     write_compose_file,
 )
 from .egress import egress_tls_init
-from .pipelock import (
-    BUNDLE_LOCAL_PIPELOCK_URL,
-    pipelock_tls_init,
-)
 
 
 # Where the repo root lives, for `docker build` context. Computed once.
@@ -78,80 +73,71 @@ _REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
 def launch(
     plan: DockerBottlePlan,
     *,
-    provision: Callable[[DockerBottlePlan, str], str | None],
+    provision: Callable[[DockerBottlePlan, "DockerBottle"], str | None],
 ) -> Generator[DockerBottle, None, None]:
     """Build, launch, and provision a Docker bottle via compose.
     Teardown on exit."""
     stack = ExitStack()
 
+    _bottle_for_revoke = plan.manifest.bottle
+    _git_gate_dir_for_revoke = git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug)
+
     def teardown() -> None:
         try:
             stack.close()
-        except BaseException as exc:
+        except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: W0718 — teardown must not fail
             warn(
                 f"teardown failed for container {plan.container_name}"
                 f" (compose-down): {exc!r}"
             )
+        revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(
+            _bottle_for_revoke, _git_gate_dir_for_revoke
+        )
 
     try:
-        # Step 1: agent image build. Sidecar images get built lazily by
-        # `docker compose up` via the renderer's `build:` directives.
-        docker_mod.build_image(
-            plan.image, _REPO_DIR,
-            dockerfile=plan.dockerfile_path,
-        )
-        if plan.derived_image:
-            docker_mod.build_image_with_cwd(
-                plan.derived_image, plan.image, plan.workspace_plan
+        # Step 1: agent image. Use a committed snapshot when one exists
+        # and is present in the local daemon; otherwise build from the
+        # Dockerfile. Sidecar images get built lazily by `docker compose
+        # up` via the renderer's `build:` directives.
+        committed = read_committed_image(plan.slug)
+        if committed and docker_mod.image_exists(committed):
+            info(f"using committed image {committed!r}")
+            plan = dataclasses.replace(
+                plan,
+                agent_provision=dataclasses.replace(plan.agent_provision, image=committed),
+            )
+        else:
+            docker_mod.build_image(
+                plan.image, _REPO_DIR,
+                dockerfile=plan.dockerfile_path,
             )
 
-        # Networks: compose-managed. The names are derived
-        # deterministically from the slug so the renderer can put
-        # them on the services and `compose up` creates them with
-        # those names. The empirical spike confirmed pipelock's
-        # SSRF guard only checks proxied-request destinations, not
-        # source IPs — so the bottle's own internal CIDR doesn't
-        # need to be in `ssrf.ip_allowlist`. Pre-create + CIDR
-        # introspection are gone; compose owns the network
-        # lifecycle.
         internal_network = network_mod.network_name_for_slug(plan.slug)
         egress_network = network_mod.network_egress_name_for_slug(plan.slug)
 
-        # Mint per-bottle CAs into state/<slug>/{pipelock,egress}/.
-        ca_cert_host, ca_key_host = pipelock_tls_init(pipelock_state_dir(plan.slug))
         egress_ca_host, egress_ca_cert_only = egress_tls_init(
             egress_state_dir(plan.slug),
         )
 
-        # Populate launch-time fields on every inner plan so the
-        # renderer reads concrete network names, CA paths, and
-        # pipelock URL.
-        proxy_plan = dataclasses.replace(
-            plan.proxy_plan,
-            internal_network=internal_network,
-            internal_network_cidr="",
-            egress_network=egress_network,
-            ca_cert_host_path=ca_cert_host,
-            ca_key_host_path=ca_key_host,
-        )
         git_gate_plan = plan.git_gate_plan
         if git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+            git_gate_plan = provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys(
+                plan.manifest.bottle,
+                git_gate_plan,
+                git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug),
+            )
             git_gate_plan = dataclasses.replace(
                 git_gate_plan,
                 internal_network=internal_network,
                 egress_network=egress_network,
             )
-        egress_plan = plan.egress_plan
-        if egress_plan.routes:
-            egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
-                egress_plan,
-                internal_network=internal_network,
-                egress_network=egress_network,
-                mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
-                mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
-                pipelock_ca_host_path=ca_cert_host,
-                pipelock_proxy_url=BUNDLE_LOCAL_PIPELOCK_URL,
-            )
+        egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
+            plan.egress_plan,
+            internal_network=internal_network,
+            egress_network=egress_network,
+            mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
+            mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
+        )
         supervise_plan = plan.supervise_plan
         if supervise_plan is not None:
             supervise_plan = dataclasses.replace(
@@ -160,7 +146,6 @@ def launch(
             )
         plan = dataclasses.replace(
             plan,
-            proxy_plan=proxy_plan,
             git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
             egress_plan=egress_plan,
             supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
@@ -200,19 +185,25 @@ def launch(
             compose_dump_logs, project, compose_file, compose_log_path(state_dir),
         )
 
-        # Step 8: provision. Unchanged — uses `docker exec` against
-        # the agent container by its known name.
-        prompt_path = provision(plan, plan.container_name)
+        # Step 8: provision. Create the bottle first so provisioners
+        # can use bottle.exec / bottle.cp_in; set the prompt path
+        # returned by provision_prompt after the fact.
+        bottle = DockerBottle(
+            plan.container_name,
+            teardown,
+            None,
+            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
+            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
+            agent_provider_template=plan.agent_provider_template,
+            terminal_title=f"{plan.spec.label} ({plan.spec.agent_name})" if plan.spec.label else plan.spec.agent_name,
+            terminal_color=plan.spec.color,
+            agent_workdir=plan.workspace_plan.workdir,
+        )
+        bottle.prompt_path = provision(plan, bottle)
 
         # Step 9: yield. exec_agent continues to use `docker exec -it`
         # — the agent runs `sleep infinity` per the renderer's
         # service spec.
-        yield DockerBottle(
-            plan.container_name,
-            teardown,
-            prompt_path,
-            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
-            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
-        )
+        yield bottle
     finally:
         teardown()

bot_bottle/backend/docker/network.py

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 """Docker network plumbing for the per-agent egress topology.
 
 The agent container sits on a Docker `--internal` network (no default
-gateway). Pipelock straddles that network and a per-agent user-defined
-bridge for upstream egress. We deliberately do NOT use Docker's legacy
+gateway). Egress straddles that network and a per-agent user-defined
+bridge for upstream traffic. We deliberately do NOT use Docker's legacy
 `bridge` network because only user-defined bridges run Docker's
-embedded DNS resolver, which pipelock needs to resolve api.anthropic.com
-and similar upstream hostnames.
+embedded DNS resolver, which egress needs to resolve upstream hostnames.
 
 Naming: bot-bottle-net-<slug> (internal),
 bot-bottle-egress-<slug> (egress). Numeric suffix on conflict
@@ -77,20 +76,12 @@ def network_create_internal(slug: str) -> str:
 
 def network_create_egress(slug: str) -> str:
     """Create a per-agent user-defined bridge (NOT the legacy `bridge`)
-    so the pipelock sidecar has working DNS for upstream hostnames."""
+    so the egress sidecar has working DNS for upstream hostnames."""
     return _network_create_with_prefix(network_egress_name_for_slug(slug), internal=False)
 
 
 def network_inspect_cidr(name: str) -> str:
-    """Return the IPv4 CIDR Docker assigned to a user-defined network.
-
-    Used by pipelock's SSRF guard exception: the bottle's internal
-    network sits in RFC1918 space, so pipelock's `internal:` list
-    would block any agent request whose destination resolves there
-    — including the cred-proxy sidecar's address. Adding the
-    network's CIDR to pipelock's `ssrf.ip_allowlist` lets traffic
-    targeted at the bottle's own sidecars through while pipelock
-    still body-scans and api_allowlist-gates as usual."""
+    """Return the IPv4 CIDR Docker assigned to a user-defined network."""
     result = subprocess.run(
         ["docker", "network", "inspect",
          "--format", "{{range .IPAM.Config}}{{.Subnet}}{{end}}", name],

bot_bottle/backend/docker/pipelock.py

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-"""Docker-side pipelock helpers: image pin, container naming, and
-the one-shot `pipelock tls init` host-side CA mint. The
-prepare-time YAML rendering itself lives on the platform-neutral
-`PipelockProxy` ABC — backends instantiate it directly.
-
-The per-container `.start()` / `.stop()` lifecycle was deleted in
-PRD 0024 chunk 3; compose-up owns the container lifecycle (PRD
-0018) and the bundle path (PRD 0024) collapses pipelock + egress
-+ git-gate + supervise into one container."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...log import die
-# Re-exported for the compose renderer + smolmachines launch step
-# (they used to import these from this module before they moved to
-# the platform-neutral pipelock module).
-from ...pipelock import (  # noqa: F401
-    PIPELOCK_CA_CERT_IN_CONTAINER,
-    PIPELOCK_CA_KEY_IN_CONTAINER,
-)
-
-
-# Pipelock image, pinned by digest. The digest is the multi-arch image
-# index for ghcr.io/luckypipewrench/pipelock:2.3.0.
-PIPELOCK_IMAGE = os.environ.get(
-    "BOT_BOTTLE_PIPELOCK_IMAGE",
-    "ghcr.io/luckypipewrench/pipelock@sha256:3b1a39417b98406ddc5dc2d8fcb42865ddc0c68a43d355db55f0f8cb06bc6de9",
-)
-
-# Listening port for pipelock's forward proxy.
-PIPELOCK_PORT = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_PIPELOCK_PORT", "8888")
-
-
-# The URL egress dials for its upstream HTTPS_PROXY. egress and
-# pipelock share the same container's network namespace inside the
-# sidecar bundle, so loopback reaches pipelock directly — no docker
-# DNS aliases involved.
-BUNDLE_LOCAL_PIPELOCK_URL = f"http://127.0.0.1:{PIPELOCK_PORT}"
-
-
-def pipelock_tls_init(stage_dir: Path) -> tuple[Path, Path]:
-    """Generate a fresh per-bottle CA via a one-shot pipelock container.
-
-    Runs `pipelock tls init` against a host-mounted scratch dir, leaving
-    `ca.pem` (public cert, mode 600) and `ca-key.pem` (private key, mode
-    600) under `<stage_dir>/pipelock-ca/`. Returns the two host paths.
-
-    The image is pinned (same digest the running sidecar uses) so the
-    generated CA matches what the sidecar expects. Output is owned by
-    whatever UID the one-shot ran as; the compose renderer's
-    bind-mounts pin the files in place at runtime, so ownership
-    inside the running sidecar (root in pipelock's distroless image)
-    is independent."""
-    work = stage_dir / "pipelock-ca"
-    work.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "run", "--rm",
-         "-v", f"{work}:/h",
-         "-e", "PIPELOCK_HOME=/h",
-         PIPELOCK_IMAGE, "tls", "init"],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-        check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        die(f"pipelock tls init failed: {result.stderr.strip()}")
-    cert = work / "ca.pem"
-    key = work / "ca-key.pem"
-    if not cert.is_file() or not key.is_file():
-        die(f"pipelock tls init did not produce ca files in {work}")
-    # Explicit perms in case a future pipelock release changes
-    # defaults. Pipelock runs as root in its distroless image and
-    # bind-mounts work with 0o600 (root reads everything); the key
-    # has no reason to be readable to anyone else on the host.
-    key.chmod(0o600)
-    cert.chmod(0o644)
-    return (cert, key)

bot_bottle/backend/docker/pipelock_apply.py

@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-"""pipelock_apply — host-side helper to apply an api_allowlist
-change to a running pipelock sidecar (PRD 0015).
-
-Used by the supervise dashboard when the operator approves a
-pipelock-block proposal (or runs the operator-initiated `pipelock
-edit <bottle>` verb). Fetches the current pipelock.yaml via `docker
-exec`, parses it, swaps the api_allowlist with the proposed hosts,
-re-renders, writes back via the bind-mount path, then signals the
-bundle supervisor to restart the pipelock daemon (`docker kill
---signal USR1`) so
-pipelock picks up the new config.
-
-v1 uses restart, not SIGHUP — pipelock has no in-process reload
-hook and adding one is the "SIGHUP reload for pipelock" open
-question in PRD 0015. Restart drops in-flight outbound calls; the
-agent's HTTP client retries pick up against the restarted proxy.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import re
-import subprocess
-import tempfile
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...pipelock import pipelock_render_yaml
-from ...yaml_subset import YamlSubsetError, parse_yaml_subset
-from .bottle_state import pipelock_state_dir
-from .sidecar_bundle import sidecar_bundle_container_name
-
-
-def _pipelock_yaml_host_path(slug: str) -> Path:
-    """The bind-mount source for the pipelock sidecar's
-    pipelock.yaml — matches what pipelock.prepare wrote at chunk-2
-    paths."""
-    return pipelock_state_dir(slug) / "pipelock.yaml"
-
-
-PIPELOCK_YAML_IN_CONTAINER = "/etc/pipelock.yaml"
-
-# Allowlist proposals are one-hostname-per-line. Blank lines and
-# `#`-prefixed comments are ignored. The character set matches the
-# supervise sidecar's syntactic check on the agent's pipelock-block
-# proposal (alphanumerics + dot/dash/underscore).
-_HOST_OK = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z0-9_.-]+$")
-
-
-class PipelockApplyError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when fetch / parse / apply fails. The dashboard renders
-    the message and keeps the proposal pending — never crashes."""
-
-
-def parse_allowlist_content(content: str) -> list[str]:
-    """One hostname per line. Blanks and `#` comments are ignored.
-    Raises PipelockApplyError if a line has a disallowed character."""
-    hosts: list[str] = []
-    for i, raw_line in enumerate(content.splitlines(), start=1):
-        line = raw_line.strip()
-        if not line or line.startswith("#"):
-            continue
-        if not _HOST_OK.match(line):
-            raise PipelockApplyError(
-                f"allowlist line {i}: {line!r} has disallowed characters"
-            )
-        hosts.append(line)
-    return hosts
-
-
-def render_allowlist_content(hosts: list[str]) -> str:
-    """Hosts → one-per-line string (the operator-facing format)."""
-    if not hosts:
-        return ""
-    return "\n".join(hosts) + "\n"
-
-
-def fetch_current_yaml(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Read the live /etc/pipelock.yaml from the sidecar bundle.
-
-    Uses `docker cp` because pipelock inside the bundle is the
-    distroless pipelock binary with no shell, and `docker cp` is a
-    daemon-API tarball copy that works regardless of what's
-    available inside the container.
-
-    Raises PipelockApplyError if the read fails."""
-    container = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
-    fd, tmp_path = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="cb-pipelock-fetch.", suffix=".yaml")
-    os.close(fd)
-    try:
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            [
-                "docker", "cp",
-                f"{container}:{PIPELOCK_YAML_IN_CONTAINER}", tmp_path,
-            ],
-            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-        )
-        if r.returncode != 0:
-            raise PipelockApplyError(
-                f"could not fetch pipelock.yaml from {container}: "
-                f"{(r.stderr or '').strip() or 'container not running?'}"
-            )
-        return Path(tmp_path).read_text()
-    finally:
-        try:
-            Path(tmp_path).unlink()
-        except OSError:
-            pass
-
-
-def fetch_current_allowlist(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Fetch the live yaml, extract api_allowlist, render as one-per-
-    line — the operator-facing format for the TUI / agent's
-    current-config mount."""
-    yaml = fetch_current_yaml(slug)
-    try:
-        cfg = parse_yaml_subset(yaml)
-    except YamlSubsetError as e:
-        raise PipelockApplyError(f"running pipelock yaml: {e}") from e
-    hosts = cfg.get("api_allowlist", [])
-    if not isinstance(hosts, list):
-        raise PipelockApplyError(
-            "running pipelock yaml: api_allowlist is not a list"
-        )
-    return render_allowlist_content([str(h) for h in hosts])
-
-
-def apply_allowlist_change(
-    slug: str, new_allowlist_content: str,
-) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """Apply `new_allowlist_content` to the sidecar bundle:
-      1. Parse the proposed hosts (one per line).
-      2. Fetch + parse current pipelock.yaml.
-      3. Replace api_allowlist with the proposed hosts; re-render.
-      4. Write the new yaml to the bind-mount source.
-      5. `docker kill --signal USR1 <bundle>` so the supervisor
-         restarts the pipelock daemon in place (leaving egress,
-         git-gate, and supervise running). Pipelock has no
-         in-process reload; the supervisor's per-daemon restart
-         keeps the agent's MCP socket alive — a whole-bundle
-         `docker restart` would bounce supervise too.
-
-    Returns (before, after) where both are one-per-line allowlist
-    strings (operator-facing format). Raises PipelockApplyError on
-    any failure; the sidecar's existing config stays in place until
-    the host write succeeds, and the SIGUSR1 is what makes it
-    live."""
-    new_hosts = parse_allowlist_content(new_allowlist_content)
-    container = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
-    current_yaml = fetch_current_yaml(slug)
-    try:
-        cfg = parse_yaml_subset(current_yaml)
-    except YamlSubsetError as e:
-        raise PipelockApplyError(f"running pipelock yaml: {e}") from e
-    current_hosts = cfg.get("api_allowlist", [])
-    if not isinstance(current_hosts, list):
-        raise PipelockApplyError(
-            "running pipelock yaml: api_allowlist is not a list"
-        )
-
-    before = render_allowlist_content([str(h) for h in current_hosts])
-    after = render_allowlist_content(new_hosts)
-
-    cfg["api_allowlist"] = new_hosts
-    rendered = pipelock_render_yaml(cfg)
-
-    # pipelock.yaml is bind-mounted into the container as a SINGLE
-    # FILE — same Docker single-file inode issue as egress_apply:
-    # write-temp-then-rename swaps the host inode and leaves the
-    # container's mount pointing at the orphaned old one. Write
-    # in-place. The SIGUSR1 below makes the new content live
-    # (pipelock has no in-process reload, so the supervisor
-    # restarts the pipelock daemon in response).
-    target = _pipelock_yaml_host_path(slug)
-    target.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    target.write_text(rendered)
-    # pipelock runs as root in its distroless image — any mode is
-    # fine — but 0o600 matches what prepare wrote.
-    target.chmod(0o600)
-    restart = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "kill", "--signal", "USR1", container],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if restart.returncode != 0:
-        raise PipelockApplyError(
-            f"failed to signal {container} for pipelock restart: "
-            f"{(restart.stderr or '').strip()}"
-        )
-
-    return before, after
-
-
-__all__ = [
-    "PIPELOCK_YAML_IN_CONTAINER",
-    "PipelockApplyError",
-    "apply_allowlist_change",
-    "fetch_current_allowlist",
-    "fetch_current_yaml",
-    "parse_allowlist_content",
-    "render_allowlist_content",
-]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/prepare.py

@@ -1,277 +0,0 @@
-"""Prepare step for the Docker bottle backend.
-
-`resolve_plan` does all host-side resolution (image and container
-names, env-file, prompt-file, proxy plan, runtime detection) and
-returns a frozen DockerBottlePlan. No Docker resources are created;
-the only side effects are scratch files under `stage_dir` and a probe
-of `docker info`. Cross-backend host-side validation has already run
-via the base class's `prepare` template before this is called.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from dataclasses import replace
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...agent_provider import agent_provision_plan, runtime_for
-from ...egress import Egress
-from ...env import ResolvedEnv, resolve_env
-from ...git_gate import GitGate
-from ...log import die
-from ...pipelock import PipelockProxy
-from ...supervise import Supervise
-from ...workspace import workspace_plan as resolve_workspace_plan
-from .. import BottleSpec
-from . import util as docker_mod
-from .bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-from .bottle_state import (
-    BottleMetadata,
-    agent_state_dir,
-    bottle_identity,
-    clear_preserve_marker,
-    egress_state_dir,
-    git_gate_state_dir,
-    per_bottle_dockerfile,
-    per_bottle_dockerfile_path,
-    per_bottle_image_tag,
-    pipelock_state_dir,
-    supervise_state_dir,
-    write_metadata,
-)
-from .sidecar_bundle import sidecar_bundle_container_name
-
-
-def resolve_plan(
-    spec: BottleSpec,
-    *,
-    stage_dir: Path,
-) -> DockerBottlePlan:
-    """Resolve Docker-specific names and write scratch files. Trusts
-    that the agent and its skills/git-gate keys are present —
-    validation already ran in the base class."""
-    docker_mod.require_docker()
-
-    proxy = PipelockProxy()
-    git_gate = GitGate()
-    egress = Egress()
-    supervise = Supervise()
-
-    manifest = spec.manifest
-    agent = manifest.agents[spec.agent_name]
-    bottle = manifest.bottle_for(spec.agent_name)
-    provider = bottle.agent_provider
-    provider_runtime = runtime_for(provider.template)
-    guest_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME", "/home/node")
-    workspace_plan = resolve_workspace_plan(spec, guest_home=guest_home)
-
-    # PRD 0016 follow-up: identity, not bare slug. A fresh `start`
-    # mints a random-suffixed identity (so parallel runs of the same
-    # agent in the same cwd don't collide on container/network
-    # names); a `resume` passes the recorded identity in via
-    # spec.identity to continue an existing bottle's state.
-    slug = spec.identity or bottle_identity(spec.agent_name)
-    # Record the launch metadata so `cli.py resume <identity>` can
-    # reconstruct the spec. Idempotent — re-writes on resume with a
-    # refreshed started_at.
-    write_metadata(BottleMetadata(
-        identity=slug,
-        agent_name=spec.agent_name,
-        cwd=spec.user_cwd if spec.copy_cwd else "",
-        copy_cwd=spec.copy_cwd,
-        started_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
-        compose_project=f"bot-bottle-{slug}",
-        backend="docker",
-    ))
-    # Clear any leftover preserve marker from a prior capability-block
-    # so this fresh launch can be cleaned up at session-end unless
-    # the agent triggers another capability-block.
-    clear_preserve_marker(slug)
-
-    # PRD 0016 capability-block: if a per-bottle Dockerfile has been
-    # written (via apply_capability_change), the base image becomes
-    # per_bottle_image_tag(slug) built from that file. --cwd still
-    # layers a derived image on top.
-    dockerfile_path = ""
-    if per_bottle_dockerfile(slug) is not None:
-        image_default = per_bottle_image_tag(slug)
-        dockerfile_path = str(per_bottle_dockerfile_path(slug))
-    elif provider.dockerfile:
-        image_default = f"bot-bottle-{provider.template}:{slug}"
-        dockerfile_path = _resolve_manifest_dockerfile(provider.dockerfile, spec)
-    elif provider_runtime.dockerfile:
-        image_default = provider_runtime.image
-        dockerfile_path = provider_runtime.dockerfile
-    else:
-        image_default = provider_runtime.image
-    image = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_IMAGE", image_default)
-    derived_image = ""
-    runtime_image = image
-    if spec.copy_cwd:
-        derived_image = os.environ.get(
-            "BOT_BOTTLE_DERIVED_IMAGE", f"bot-bottle-cwd:{slug}"
-        )
-        runtime_image = derived_image
-
-    default_container = f"bot-bottle-{slug}"
-    pinned_container = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER", "")
-    container_name_pinned = bool(pinned_container)
-    if container_name_pinned:
-        container_name = pinned_container
-        if docker_mod.container_exists(container_name):
-            die(
-                f"container '{container_name}' already exists "
-                f"(pinned via BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER). "
-                f"Remove it with 'docker rm -f {container_name}' or unset the override."
-            )
-    else:
-        container_name = ""
-        for candidate in docker_mod.container_name_candidates(default_container):
-            if not docker_mod.container_exists(candidate):
-                container_name = candidate
-                break
-        if not container_name:
-            die(
-                f"could not find a free container name after "
-                f"{default_container}-{docker_mod.MAX_CONTAINER_SUFFIX}; "
-                f"clean up old containers with 'docker rm -f <name>'"
-            )
-
-    # Probe the sidecar-bundle container name for an orphan from a
-    # previous run. Otherwise a stale bundle surfaces as a
-    # docker-create conflict deep inside launch() with no actionable
-    # hint; failing fast here points at the cleanup command.
-    bundle_name = sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug)
-    if docker_mod.container_exists(bundle_name):
-        die(
-            f"sidecar bundle container '{bundle_name}' already exists. "
-            f"This is an orphan from a previous run; clean it up with "
-            f"'./cli.py cleanup' (or 'docker rm -f {bundle_name}') and "
-            f"retry."
-        )
-
-    # PRD 0018 chunk 2: prepare-time scratch files live under
-    # ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/<service>/ so chunk 3's compose
-    # bind-mounts can point at stable paths. The state subdirs are
-    # cleaned up by start.py's session-end teardown unless something
-    # explicitly preserves the state dir (capability-block, crash).
-    agent_dir = agent_state_dir(slug)
-    agent_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    env_file = agent_dir / "agent.env"
-    prompt_file = agent_dir / "prompt.txt"
-    prompt_file.write_text("")
-    prompt_file.chmod(0o600)
-
-    git_gate_dir = git_gate_state_dir(slug)
-    git_gate_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    git_gate_plan = git_gate.prepare(bottle, slug, git_gate_dir)
-
-    resolved = resolve_env(manifest, spec.agent_name)
-    # Everything that should reach the bottle by-name (so its value
-    # never lands on argv or in env_file) goes into one dict. Nothing
-    # mutates the host os.environ.
-    forwarded_env: dict[str, str] = dict(resolved.forwarded)
-    _write_env_file(resolved, env_file)
-    prompt_file.write_text(agent.prompt)
-
-    use_runsc = docker_mod.runsc_available()
-    agent_provision = agent_provision_plan(
-        template=provider.template,
-        dockerfile=dockerfile_path,
-        state_dir=agent_dir,
-        guest_home=guest_home,
-        forward_host_credentials=provider.forward_host_credentials,
-        auth_token=provider.auth_token,
-        host_env=dict(os.environ),
-        trusted_project_path=workspace_plan.workdir,
-    )
-    guest_env = dict(agent_provision.guest_env)
-    for key, val in agent_provision.env_vars.items():
-        guest_env.setdefault(key, val)
-    agent_provision = replace(agent_provision, guest_env=guest_env)
-
-    pipelock_dir = pipelock_state_dir(slug)
-    pipelock_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    proxy_plan = proxy.prepare(
-        bottle, slug, pipelock_dir, agent_provision.egress_routes,
-    )
-
-    egress_dir = egress_state_dir(slug)
-    egress_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    egress_plan = egress.prepare(
-        bottle, slug, egress_dir, agent_provision.egress_routes,
-    )
-
-    supervise_plan = None
-    if bottle.supervise:
-        # Current Dockerfile for the agent image. Read from the repo
-        # root; for `--cwd` derived images the base Dockerfile is what
-        # the agent should propose changes against (the derived layer
-        # is just a workspace copy).
-        # (routes.yaml + pipelock allowlist used to land here too but
-        # PRD 0017 chunk 3 moved them behind the
-        # `list-egress-routes` MCP tool so the agent gets live
-        # state rather than a launch-time snapshot.)
-        supervise_dockerfile_path = (
-            Path(dockerfile_path)
-            if dockerfile_path
-            else Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent / "Dockerfile.claude"
-        )
-        dockerfile_content = (
-            supervise_dockerfile_path.read_text()
-            if supervise_dockerfile_path.is_file()
-            else ""
-        )
-        supervise_dir = supervise_state_dir(slug)
-        supervise_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        supervise_plan = supervise.prepare(
-            slug, supervise_dir,
-            dockerfile_content=dockerfile_content,
-        )
-
-    return DockerBottlePlan(
-        spec=spec,
-        stage_dir=stage_dir,
-        slug=slug,
-        container_name=container_name,
-        container_name_pinned=container_name_pinned,
-        image=image,
-        derived_image=derived_image,
-        runtime_image=runtime_image,
-        dockerfile_path=dockerfile_path,
-        env_file=env_file,
-        forwarded_env=forwarded_env,
-        prompt_file=prompt_file,
-        proxy_plan=proxy_plan,
-        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
-        egress_plan=egress_plan,
-        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
-        use_runsc=use_runsc,
-        agent_provision=agent_provision,
-        workspace_plan=workspace_plan,
-    )
-
-
-def _write_env_file(resolved: ResolvedEnv, env_file: Path) -> None:
-    """Serialize the literal portion of a ResolvedEnv into docker's
-    `--env-file` syntax (NAME=VALUE per line, mode 600 since the file
-    may carry verbatim values from the manifest). Forwarded names ride
-    on the plan as a structured tuple instead."""
-    env_lines: list[str] = []
-    for name, value in resolved.literals.items():
-        if "\n" in value:
-            die(
-                f"env entry {name} (literal) contains a newline; "
-                f"docker --env-file cannot represent multi-line values."
-            )
-        env_lines.append(f"{name}={value}")
-    env_file.write_text("\n".join(env_lines) + ("\n" if env_lines else ""))
-    env_file.chmod(0o600)
-
-
-def _resolve_manifest_dockerfile(path_value: str, spec: BottleSpec) -> str:
-    path = Path(os.path.expanduser(path_value))
-    if not path.is_absolute():
-        path = Path(spec.user_cwd) / path
-    return str(path)

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/__init__.py

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
-"""Per-provisioner modules for the Docker backend.
+"""Backend-infrastructure provisioners for the Docker backend.
 
-Each module exports one top-level function:
-    provision_<thing>(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> ...
+Per PRD 0050 the per-provider provisioning steps (prompt, skills,
+declarative provision-plan apply, supervise MCP registration) live on
+the `AgentProvider` plugin under `bot_bottle/contrib/`. CA and git
+provisioning also moved to the AgentProvider ABC (with Debian/node
+defaults); user plugins override them for non-standard images.
 
-`DockerBottleBackend.provision_*` methods delegate to these. The
-abstract `BottleBackend.provision_*` surface is unchanged; this
-subpackage exists only to keep `backend.py` from being a god-file."""
+No modules remain in this subpackage — the directory is kept so that
+existing imports of `from .provision import ...` don't need updating
+if new backend-specific provisioners are added later.
+"""

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/ca.py

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-"""Install the per-bottle MITM CA into the agent container's trust
-store.
-
-Post-PRD-0017 the CA depends on the agent's HTTP_PROXY target:
-
-  - Bottle declares `egress.routes[]` → agent's HTTP_PROXY
-    points at egress; the cert the agent must trust is the
-    one egress mints leaf certs with (the egress CA).
-  - No egress routes → agent's HTTP_PROXY points straight at
-    pipelock; the cert the agent must trust is pipelock's CA (the
-    pre-cutover behavior).
-
-By the time this provisioner runs, the corresponding `tls_init`
-helper has generated the chosen CA under `plan.stage_dir`, and the
-sidecar (pipelock or egress) is up referencing the
-in-container CA paths.
-
-Cert lands on Debian's standard source path
-(`/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/`); `update-ca-certificates`
-rebuilds `/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt`, which is what curl,
-Python `ssl`, and OpenSSL-based tools all read by default. The env
-trio set on the agent's `docker run` covers Node
-(`NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS`) and Python `requests` /
-`SSL_CERT_FILE`-honoring libraries that don't load the system
-bundle.
-
-The fingerprint is computed via stdlib (`ssl.PEM_cert_to_DER_cert`
-+ `hashlib.sha256`) and logged once to stderr. The private key
-stays on the host (under `stage_dir`) until teardown wipes the
-stage dir; nothing in the agent ever sees it."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import subprocess
-
-from ...util import AGENT_CA_PATH, log_ca_fingerprint, select_ca_cert
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_ca(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Copy the agent-facing CA cert into the agent, rebuild the
-    trust bundle, emit a one-line fingerprint log. Called from
-    `BottleBackend.provision` after the agent container is up."""
-    container = target
-    cert_host_path, label = select_ca_cert(plan.egress_plan, plan.proxy_plan)
-
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", str(cert_host_path), f"{container}:{AGENT_CA_PATH}"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", "-u", "0", container, "chmod", "644", AGENT_CA_PATH],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", "-u", "0", container, "update-ca-certificates"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-
-    log_ca_fingerprint(cert_host_path, label)

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/git.py

@@ -1,123 +0,0 @@
-"""Git provisioning inside a running Docker bottle.
-
-Three concerns, all about git in the agent:
-
-  1. If --cwd was passed AND the host cwd has a .git, copy that .git
-     into the planned guest workspace so the agent operates on the
-     user's repo.
-  2. If the bottle declares `git` entries (PRD 0008), write a
-     ~/.gitconfig with insteadOf rules so every git operation
-     against a declared upstream (push, fetch, clone, pull,
-     ls-remote) transparently hits the per-agent git-gate. The
-     gate mirrors the upstream in both directions, so URL
-     rewriting is symmetric.
-  3. If the bottle declares `git.user` (issue #86), set
-     `git config --global user.{name,email}` inside the bottle so
-     the agent's commits are attributed to that identity.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-
-from ....git_gate import GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME, git_gate_render_gitconfig
-from ....log import info
-from .. import util as docker_mod
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_git(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Set up git inside the bottle. Runs all three subcases; each
-    no-ops when its condition isn't met."""
-    _provision_cwd_git(plan, target)
-    _provision_git_gate_config(plan, target)
-    _provision_git_user(plan, target)
-
-
-def _provision_cwd_git(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """If --cwd was set and the host cwd has a .git directory, copy
-    it into /home/node/workspace/.git and fix ownership. No-op
-    otherwise."""
-    workspace = plan.workspace_plan
-    if not (workspace.enabled and workspace.copy_git and workspace.has_host_git_dir):
-        return
-    container = target
-    guest_workspace_git = f"{workspace.guest_path}/.git"
-    host_git = str(workspace.host_path / ".git")
-    info(f"copying {host_git} -> {container}:{guest_workspace_git}")
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", host_git, f"{container}:{guest_workspace_git}"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    subprocess.run(
-        [
-            "docker", "exec", "-u", "0", container,
-            "chown", "-R", workspace.owner, guest_workspace_git,
-        ],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-
-
-def _provision_git_gate_config(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Write ~/.gitconfig in the bottle with the git-gate
-    insteadOf rules. No-op when the bottle has no `git` entries."""
-    bottle = plan.spec.manifest.bottle_for(plan.spec.agent_name)
-    if not bottle.git:
-        return
-    container = target
-    container_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME", "/home/node")
-    container_gitconfig = f"{container_home}/.gitconfig"
-
-    content = git_gate_render_gitconfig(bottle.git, GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME)
-    config_file = plan.stage_dir / "agent_gitconfig"
-    config_file.write_text(content)
-    config_file.chmod(0o600)
-
-    info(f"writing {container_gitconfig} with {len(bottle.git)} insteadOf rule(s)")
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", str(config_file), f"{container}:{container_gitconfig}"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    docker_mod.docker_exec_root(container, ["chown", "node:node", container_gitconfig])
-    docker_mod.docker_exec_root(container, ["chmod", "644", container_gitconfig])
-
-
-def _provision_git_user(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Apply `git config --global user.{name,email}` inside the
-    bottle so the agent's commits are attributed to the operator-
-    chosen identity instead of the agent image's default
-    (which is no user — git would refuse to commit at all
-    until the agent ran its own `git config`).
-
-    Runs as the `node` user so `--global` lands in
-    `/home/node/.gitconfig` (matching the existing
-    `_provision_git_gate_config` write location). No-op when the
-    bottle didn't declare `git.user`.
-
-    Each field set independently — name-only or email-only
-    configs only run the `git config` line for the field
-    present."""
-    bottle = plan.spec.manifest.bottle_for(plan.spec.agent_name)
-    gu = bottle.git_user
-    if gu.is_empty():
-        return
-    if gu.name:
-        info(f"git config --global user.name = {gu.name!r}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "exec", "-u", "node", target,
-             "git", "config", "--global", "user.name", gu.name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )
-    if gu.email:
-        info(f"git config --global user.email = {gu.email!r}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "exec", "-u", "node", target,
-             "git", "config", "--global", "user.email", gu.email],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/prompt.py

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-"""Copy the agent prompt into a running Docker bottle.
-
-The prompt file is always copied (so the in-container path always
-exists) but `--append-system-prompt-file` only fires when the agent
-actually has a prompt — the return value signals which case."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_prompt(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> str | None:
-    """Copy the prompt file into the container, fix ownership/mode.
-    Returns the in-container path if the agent has a non-empty
-    prompt (drives --append-system-prompt-file), else None. The
-    file is copied either way so the path always exists."""
-    container = target
-    container_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME", "/home/node")
-    in_container_prompt_path = f"{container_home}/.bot-bottle-prompt.txt"
-
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", str(plan.prompt_file), f"{container}:{in_container_prompt_path}"],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    # `docker cp` preserves host UID; re-own/mode as root so node
-    # can read its own mode-600 prompt regardless of host UID.
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", "-u", "0", container, "chown", "node:node", in_container_prompt_path],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", "-u", "0", container, "chmod", "600", in_container_prompt_path],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-
-    agent = plan.spec.manifest.agents[plan.spec.agent_name]
-    return in_container_prompt_path if agent.prompt else None

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/provider_auth.py

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-"""Provision non-secret provider auth markers into a Docker bottle."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import subprocess
-
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_provider_auth(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Apply provider-owned guest setup through Docker primitives."""
-    provision = plan.agent_provision
-    for d in provision.dirs:
-        _exec(target, ["mkdir", "-p", d.guest_path])
-        _exec(target, ["chown", d.owner, d.guest_path])
-        _exec(target, ["chmod", d.mode, d.guest_path])
-    for command in provision.pre_copy:
-        _exec(target, list(command.argv))
-    for f in provision.files:
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "cp", str(f.host_path), f"{target}:{f.guest_path}"],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )
-        _exec(target, ["chown", f.owner, f.guest_path])
-        _exec(target, ["chmod", f.mode, f.guest_path])
-    for command in provision.verify:
-        _exec(target, list(command.argv))
-
-
-def _exec(target: str, argv: list[str]) -> None:
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", "-u", "0", target, *argv],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/skills.py

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-"""Copy host-side skill directories into a running Docker bottle.
-
-Skills are validated on the host before launch by the base class's
-`BottleBackend._validate_skills` (called from `prepare`); this module
-assumes that validation has already run. A skill disappearing between
-validation and copy still dies loudly rather than silently producing
-a partial container."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import subprocess
-
-from ....log import die, info
-from ...util import host_skill_dir
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_skills(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Copy each of the agent's named skills from the host's
-    ~/.claude/skills/<name>/ into the container's equivalent path.
-    For each skill: ensure parent dir, wipe any prior copy, then
-    `docker cp <host>/. <container>:<dst>/` so the contents are
-    copied into a freshly-created destination dir. No-op when the
-    agent has no skills."""
-    agent = plan.spec.manifest.agents[plan.spec.agent_name]
-    if not agent.skills:
-        return
-
-    container = target
-    container_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME", "/home/node")
-    skills_dir = os.environ.get(
-        "BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_SKILLS_DIR", f"{container_home}/.claude/skills"
-    )
-
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "exec", container, "mkdir", "-p", skills_dir],
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=True,
-    )
-
-    for n in agent.skills:
-        src = host_skill_dir(n)
-        if not os.path.isdir(src):
-            die(f"skill '{n}' disappeared from host between validation and copy at {src}.")
-        dst = f"{skills_dir}/{n}"
-        info(f"copying skill {n} into {container}:{dst}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "exec", container, "rm", "-rf", dst],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "exec", container, "mkdir", "-p", dst],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "cp", f"{src}/.", f"{container}:{dst}/"],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=True,
-        )

bot_bottle/backend/docker/provision/supervise.py

@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-"""Supervise sidecar provisioning inside a running Docker bottle
-(PRD 0013).
-
-Registers the per-bottle supervise sidecar as an HTTP MCP server in
-the agent's claude-code config so the agent discovers the three
-stuck-recovery MCP tools (cred-proxy-block, pipelock-block,
-capability-block) at startup.
-
-Uses `claude mcp add` rather than writing JSON directly. claude-code
-owns the on-disk config format (`~/.claude.json` `mcpServers` shape,
-field names, scope semantics) and changes it between versions; the
-official command handles whatever the installed version expects.
-
-No-op when bottle.supervise is False — bottles that haven't opted
-into the supervise sidecar shouldn't get an MCP entry pointing at a
-sidecar that isn't running.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import subprocess
-
-from ....log import info, warn
-from ....supervise import SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME, SUPERVISE_PORT
-from ..bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
-
-
-_SUPERVISE_MCP_NAME = "supervise"
-
-
-def supervise_mcp_url() -> str:
-    return f"http://{SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME}:{SUPERVISE_PORT}/"
-
-
-def provision_supervise(plan: DockerBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Run `claude mcp add` inside the agent container to register
-    the supervise sidecar in claude-code's user config. No-op when
-    bottle.supervise is False.
-
-    Failure is logged but not fatal: the bottle still works (you
-    just can't call supervise tools from the agent until the entry
-    is added manually). The operator sees the warning at launch."""
-    if plan.supervise_plan is None:
-        return
-    url = supervise_mcp_url()
-    argv = [
-        "docker", "exec", "-u", "node", target,
-        "claude", "mcp", "add",
-        "--scope", "user",
-        "--transport", "http",
-        _SUPERVISE_MCP_NAME,
-        url,
-    ]
-    info(f"registering supervise MCP server in agent claude config → {url}")
-    r = subprocess.run(argv, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False)
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"`claude mcp add supervise` failed (exit {r.returncode}): "
-            f"{(r.stderr or r.stdout or '').strip()}. Inside the bottle, "
-            f"register manually with: "
-            f"claude mcp add --scope user --transport http supervise {url}"
-        )
-
-
-__all__ = ["provision_supervise", "supervise_mcp_url"]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/resolve_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+"""Prepare step for the Docker bottle backend.
+
+`resolve_plan` does all host-side resolution (image and container
+names, prompt-file, proxy plan, runtime detection) and returns a
+frozen DockerBottlePlan. No Docker resources are created; the only
+side effects are scratch files under `stage_dir` and a probe of
+`docker info`. Cross-backend host-side validation has already run
+via the base class's `prepare` template before this is called.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from . import util as docker_mod
+from .bottle_plan import DockerBottlePlan
+from .. import BottleSpec
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+
+def preflight() -> None:
+    docker_mod.require_docker()
+
+
+def build_guest_env(resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return dict(resolved_env.literals)
+
+
+def resolve_plan(
+    spec: BottleSpec,
+    manifest: Manifest,
+    slug: str,
+    resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+    agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+    egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+    supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+    git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+    stage_dir: Path,
+) -> DockerBottlePlan:
+    """Resolve Docker-specific names and write scratch files. Trusts
+    that the agent and its skills/git-gate keys are present —
+    validation already ran in the base class."""
+
+    # ==== docker specific setup ====
+    use_runsc = docker_mod.runsc_available()
+
+    return DockerBottlePlan(
+        spec=spec,
+        manifest=manifest,
+        stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        slug=slug,
+        forwarded_env=dict(resolved_env.forwarded),
+        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+        egress_plan=egress_plan,
+        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+        use_runsc=use_runsc,
+        agent_provision=agent_provision_plan,
+    )

bot_bottle/backend/docker/setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""Host setup + status for the Docker backend.
+
+Unlike Firecracker, the Docker backend needs no privileged one-time
+host provisioning (no TAP pool / nft table) — networks and the sidecar
+bundle are created per-launch. So `setup()` is mostly an install/daemon
+pointer, and `status()` reports whether docker is usable.
+
+This is intentionally minimal; a richer version (daemon config checks,
+gVisor/runsc install guidance, rootless-docker hints) is tracked
+separately. Reached via `DockerBottleBackend.setup` / `.status`, which
+the generic `./cli.py backend {setup,status}` dispatches to.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+from . import util as _util
+
+
+def _docker_on_path() -> bool:
+    return shutil.which("docker") is not None
+
+
+def _daemon_reachable() -> bool:
+    if not _docker_on_path():
+        return False
+    return subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "info"],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+    ).returncode == 0
+
+
+def _print_install_pointer() -> None:
+    sys.stderr.write("Docker is required but was not found on PATH.\n")
+    sys.stderr.write("  macOS: Docker Desktop  https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/mac-install/\n")
+    sys.stderr.write("  Linux: Docker Engine   https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/\n")
+
+
+def setup() -> int:
+    if not _docker_on_path():
+        _print_install_pointer()
+        return 1
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "Docker backend: no privileged host setup required — networks and "
+        "the sidecar bundle are created per-launch.\n"
+    )
+    if not _daemon_reachable():
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "The Docker daemon isn't reachable; start it (e.g. Docker "
+            "Desktop, or `systemctl start docker`).\n"
+        )
+        return 1
+    if not _util.runsc_available():
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "Optional: register the gVisor (`runsc`) runtime with Docker for "
+            "a userspace syscall barrier; bottles auto-detect and use it.\n"
+        )
+    return 0
+
+
+def teardown() -> int:
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "Docker backend: nothing to undo — it provisions no privileged host "
+        "state (networks and the sidecar bundle are per-launch and are "
+        "removed by `./cli.py cleanup`). Docker itself is left installed.\n"
+    )
+    return 0
+
+
+def status() -> int:
+    ok = True
+    if _docker_on_path():
+        sys.stderr.write("docker on PATH: yes\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("docker on PATH: NO\n")
+        ok = False
+    if ok and _daemon_reachable():
+        sys.stderr.write("docker daemon: reachable\n")
+    elif ok:
+        sys.stderr.write("docker daemon: UNREACHABLE\n")
+        ok = False
+    runsc = _docker_on_path() and _util.runsc_available()
+    sys.stderr.write(f"gVisor runsc runtime: {'registered' if runsc else 'not registered (optional)'}\n")
+    if not ok:
+        sys.stderr.write("\nRun: ./cli.py backend setup --backend=docker\n")
+    return 0 if ok else 1

bot_bottle/backend/docker/sidecar_bundle.py

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
 (PRD 0024).
 
 The bundle image (built by Dockerfile.sidecars, PRD 0024 chunk 1)
-runs pipelock + egress + git-gate + supervise as one container
-per bottle under a small Python init supervisor. As of chunk 5
-the bundle is the only shape — the legacy four-sidecar topology
-and its `BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_BUNDLE` feature flag are gone."""
+runs egress + git-gate + supervise as one container per bottle
+under a small Python init supervisor. As of chunk 5 the bundle
+is the only shape — the legacy four-sidecar topology and its
+`BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_BUNDLE` feature flag are gone."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@ import os
 
 # Bundle image. Defaults to a built-locally tag (built from the
 # repo's Dockerfile.sidecars via compose `build:`). Operators
-# pinning to a published digest can override via env, matching
-# the existing `BOT_BOTTLE_PIPELOCK_IMAGE` shape.
+# pinning to a published digest can override via env.
 SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE = os.environ.get(
     "BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_IMAGE",
     "bot-bottle-sidecars:latest",

bot_bottle/backend/docker/util.py

@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import re
 import shutil
 import subprocess
-import tempfile
 from typing import Iterable, Iterator
 
 from ...log import die, info
-from ...workspace import WorkspacePlan
+# from ...workspace import WorkspacePlan
 
 
 # Cap on the suffix the container-name conflict logic will try before
@@ -118,69 +117,54 @@ def build_image(ref: str, context: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> None:
     subprocess.run(args, check=True)
 
 
-def build_image_with_cwd(
-    derived: str,
-    base: str,
-    workspace: WorkspacePlan,
-) -> None:
-    """Build a thin derived image that copies the workspace into
-    the plan's guest path and sets the plan's workdir."""
-    import os
-
-    cwd = str(workspace.host_path)
-    if not os.path.isdir(cwd):
-        die(f"cwd not found at {cwd}")
-    info(f"building image {derived} from {base} with {cwd} -> {workspace.guest_path}")
-    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="bot-bottle-cwd.") as tmp:
-        context_dir = os.path.join(tmp, "context")
-        staged_workspace = os.path.join(context_dir, "workspace")
-        shutil.copytree(
-            cwd,
-            staged_workspace,
-            symlinks=True,
-            ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns(".git"),
-        )
-        dockerfile = (
-            f"FROM {base}\n"
-            f"COPY --chown=node:node workspace/. {workspace.guest_path}\n"
-            f"WORKDIR {workspace.workdir}\n"
-        )
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "build", "-t", derived, "-f", "-", context_dir],
-            input=dockerfile,
-            text=True,
-            check=True,
-        )
+# def build_image_with_cwd(
+#     derived: str,
+#     base: str,
+#     workspace: "WorkspacePlan",
+# ) -> None:
+#     """Build a thin derived image that copies the workspace into
+#     the plan's guest path and sets the plan's workdir."""
+#     import os
+#
+#     cwd = str(workspace.host_path)
+#     if not os.path.isdir(cwd):
+#         die(f"cwd not found at {cwd}")
+#     info(f"building image {derived} from {base} with {cwd} -> {workspace.guest_path}")
+#     with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="bot-bottle-cwd.") as tmp:
+#         context_dir = os.path.join(tmp, "context")
+#         staged_workspace = os.path.join(context_dir, "workspace")
+#         shutil.copytree(
+#             cwd,
+#             staged_workspace,
+#             symlinks=True,
+#             ignore=shutil.ignore_patterns(".git"),
+#         )
+#         dockerfile = (
+#             f"FROM {base}\n"
+#             f"COPY --chown=node:node workspace/. {workspace.guest_path}\n"
+#             f"WORKDIR {workspace.workdir}\n"
+#         )
+#         subprocess.run(
+#             ["docker", "build", "-t", derived, "-f", "-", context_dir],
+#             input=dockerfile,
+#             text=True,
+#             check=True,
+#         )
 
 
-def image_id(ref: str) -> str:
-    """Return the content-addressed image ID (e.g.
-    `sha256:abcd...`) for `ref`. The smolmachines backend keys its
-    `.smolmachine` artifact cache on this, so a Dockerfile change
-    that produces a new image automatically invalidates the cache."""
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "image", "inspect", "--format", "{{.Id}}", ref],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-        check=False,
+def commit_container(container_name: str, image_tag: str) -> None:
+    """Run `docker commit <container_name> <image_tag>` to snapshot the
+    running container's filesystem state as a local Docker image."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "commit", container_name, image_tag],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
     )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
+    if result.returncode != 0:
         die(
-            f"docker image inspect for {ref!r} failed: "
-            f"{(r.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+            f"docker commit {container_name!r} → {image_tag!r} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
         )
-    return r.stdout.strip()
-
-
-def save(ref: str, output: str) -> None:
-    """`docker save REF -o OUTPUT`. Writes a tarball of the image
-    layers + manifest to the host path. Used by smolmachines
-    prepare to hand the agent image to a containerized crane that
-    pushes it to the ephemeral registry — bypassing the docker
-    daemon's `docker push` (which on Docker Desktop can't reach a
-    host-loopback registry and refuses plain-HTTP pushes to
-    non-loopback hosts)."""
-    subprocess.run(["docker", "save", ref, "-o", output], check=True)
+    info(f"committed {container_name!r} → {image_tag!r}")
 
 
 def _silent_run(cmd: Iterable[str]) -> int:

bot_bottle/backend/egress_apply.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+"""Shared base class for host-side egress apply across backends.
+
+Each backend subclasses EgressApplicator and overrides _signal_bundle_reload
+with the backend-specific kill command.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ..bottle_state import egress_state_dir
+from ..egress import EGRESS_ROUTES_FILENAME
+from ..egress_addon_core import LOG_OFF, load_config
+
+
+class EgressApplyError(RuntimeError):
+    pass
+
+
+class EgressApplicator(ABC):
+    def apply_routes_change(self, slug: str, content: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+        """Persist `content` to the live routes file and reload egress."""
+        self.validate_routes_content(content)
+        routes_path = self._routes_path(slug)
+        routes_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        before = routes_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8") if routes_path.exists() else ""
+        routes_path.write_text(content, encoding="utf-8")
+        routes_path.chmod(0o600)
+        self._signal_bundle_reload(slug)
+        return before, content
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def validate_routes_content(content: str) -> None:
+        try:
+            config = load_config(content)
+        except ValueError as e:
+            raise EgressApplyError(
+                f"proposed routes.yaml is not valid: {e}"
+            ) from e
+        if config.log != LOG_OFF:
+            raise EgressApplyError(
+                "proposed routes.yaml must not change egress logging"
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _routes_path(slug: str) -> Path:
+        return egress_state_dir(slug) / EGRESS_ROUTES_FILENAME
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _signal_bundle_reload(self, slug: str) -> None: ...
+
+
+__all__ = ["EgressApplicator", "EgressApplyError"]

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+"""Firecracker backend: Linux KVM microVM isolation (issue #342)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .backend import FirecrackerBottleBackend
+
+__all__ = ["FirecrackerBottleBackend"]

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""FirecrackerBottleBackend — Linux microVM implementation.
+
+Replaces smolmachines on Linux (issue #342): mature KVM-based
+isolation via Firecracker, SSH control over a point-to-point TAP, and a
+fail-closed nftables egress boundary. Selected by
+`BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker` or `--backend=firecracker`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Generator, Sequence
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from .. import ActiveAgent, BottleBackend, BottleSpec
+from . import cleanup as _cleanup
+from . import enumerate as _enumerate
+from . import launch as _launch
+from . import resolve_plan as _resolve_plan
+from . import util as _util
+from .bottle import FirecrackerBottle
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan
+from .bottle_plan import FirecrackerBottlePlan
+
+
+class FirecrackerBottleBackend(
+    BottleBackend["FirecrackerBottlePlan", "FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan"]
+):
+    name = "firecracker"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_available(cls) -> bool:
+        return _util.is_available()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_host_capable(cls) -> bool:
+        """Linux + KVM, regardless of whether the `firecracker` binary
+        is installed. Drives default-backend selection so a capable host
+        without the binary still lands on firecracker and gets an
+        install pointer at launch."""
+        return _util.is_host_capable()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setup(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.setup()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def status(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.status()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def teardown(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.teardown()
+
+    def _preflight(self) -> None:
+        _resolve_plan.preflight()
+
+    def _build_guest_env(self, resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return _resolve_plan.build_guest_env(resolved_env)
+
+    def _resolve_plan(
+        self,
+        spec: BottleSpec,
+        *,
+        manifest: Manifest,
+        slug: str,
+        resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+        agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+        egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+        git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+        supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+        stage_dir: Path,
+    ) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+        return _resolve_plan.resolve_plan(
+            spec,
+            manifest=manifest,
+            slug=slug,
+            resolved_env=resolved_env,
+            agent_provision_plan=agent_provision_plan,
+            egress_plan=egress_plan,
+            supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+            git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+            stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def launch(
+        self, plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan
+    ) -> Generator[FirecrackerBottle, None, None]:
+        with _launch.launch(plan, provision=self.provision) as bottle:
+            yield bottle
+
+    def prepare_cleanup(self) -> FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan:
+        return _cleanup.prepare_cleanup()
+
+    def cleanup(self, plan: FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+        _cleanup.cleanup(plan)
+
+    def enumerate_active(self) -> Sequence[ActiveAgent]:
+        return _enumerate.enumerate_active()
+
+    def supervise_mcp_url(self, plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> str:
+        return plan.agent_supervise_url

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/bottle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+"""Bottle handle for a Firecracker microVM, over SSH.
+
+Every operation routes through SSH to the guest (dropbear, listening on
+the TAP link). `exec` pipes a script over stdin and captures output;
+`cp_in` uses scp; `exec_agent` uses `ssh -t` for an interactive PTY
+session. `ssh -t` forwards the host terminal's SIGWINCH to the remote
+PTY natively, so no separate resize bridge is needed.
+
+Commands run as the image's `node` user via `runuser`, with HOME/USER/
+PATH and the bottle env (HTTPS_PROXY at the sidecar, CA paths, …) set
+per-invocation through `env` (the VM itself just runs the init; it has
+no baked-in process env like a `docker run` container would).
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shlex
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Mapping, cast
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode, prompt_args
+from .. import Bottle, ExecResult
+from ..terminal import exec_shell_script
+from . import util
+
+
+_HOME_FOR = {"node": "/home/node", "root": "/root"}
+_DEFAULT_PATH_FOR = {
+    "node": (
+        "/home/node/.local/bin:"
+        "/home/node/.codex/packages/standalone/current/bin:"
+        "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
+    ),
+    "root": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
+}
+
+
+def _env_assignments_for(user: str, env: Mapping[str, str]) -> list[str]:
+    home = _HOME_FOR.get(user, f"/home/{user}")
+    out = [f"HOME={home}", f"USER={user}"]
+    if "PATH" not in env:
+        out.append(f"PATH={_DEFAULT_PATH_FOR.get(user, _DEFAULT_PATH_FOR['root'])}")
+    for k, v in env.items():
+        out.append(f"{k}={v}")
+    return out
+
+
+class FirecrackerBottle(Bottle):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        name: str,
+        *,
+        private_key: Path,
+        guest_ip: str,
+        guest_env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+        prompt_path_in_guest: str | None = None,
+        agent_command: str = "claude",
+        agent_prompt_mode: PromptMode = "append_file",
+        agent_provider_template: str = "claude",
+        terminal_title: str = "",
+        terminal_color: str = "",
+        agent_workdir: str = "/home/node",
+    ) -> None:
+        self.name = name
+        self._private_key = private_key
+        self._guest_ip = guest_ip
+        self._guest_env = dict(guest_env or {})
+        self.prompt_path = prompt_path_in_guest
+        self._agent_prompt_mode = agent_prompt_mode
+        self.agent_command = agent_command
+        self.terminal_title = terminal_title
+        self.terminal_color = terminal_color
+        self.agent_provider_template = agent_provider_template
+        self.agent_workdir = agent_workdir
+
+    def _ssh(self, *, tty: bool) -> list[str]:
+        argv = util.ssh_base_argv(self._private_key, self._guest_ip)
+        if tty:
+            # -t: allocate a remote PTY and forward window-size changes.
+            argv.insert(1, "-t")
+        return argv
+
+    def _agent_remote_argv(self, argv: list[str]) -> list[str]:
+        """The `runuser … <agent> …` command run inside the guest."""
+        full_argv = list(argv)
+        full_argv.extend(
+            prompt_args(
+                cast(PromptMode, self._agent_prompt_mode),
+                self.prompt_path,
+                argv=full_argv,
+            )
+        )
+        remote = ["runuser", "-u", "node", "--",
+                  "env", *_env_assignments_for("node", self._guest_env)]
+        if self.agent_workdir and self.agent_workdir != _HOME_FOR["node"]:
+            remote += ["sh", "-lc", f"cd {self.agent_workdir} && exec \"$@\"",
+                       "bot-bottle-agent"]
+        remote += [self.agent_command, *full_argv]
+        return remote
+
+    def agent_argv(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> list[str]:
+        return [*self._ssh(tty=tty), "--", *self._agent_remote_argv(argv)]
+
+    def exec_agent(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> int:
+        agent_argv = self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty)
+        script = (
+            exec_shell_script(agent_argv, self.terminal_title, self.terminal_color)
+            if tty else None
+        )
+        if script is None:
+            return subprocess.run(agent_argv, check=False).returncode
+        return subprocess.run(["sh", "-lc", script], check=False).returncode
+
+    def exec(self, script: str, *, user: str = "node") -> ExecResult:
+        # Pipe the script over stdin (`sh -s`) so nothing needs shell
+        # quoting through the SSH command line.
+        remote = ["runuser", "-u", user, "--",
+                  "env", *_env_assignments_for(user, self._guest_env),
+                  "/bin/sh", "-s"]
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            [*self._ssh(tty=False), "--", *remote],
+            input=script, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+        )
+        return ExecResult(
+            returncode=result.returncode,
+            stdout=result.stdout,
+            stderr=result.stderr,
+        )
+
+    def cp_in(self, host_path: str, container_path: str) -> None:
+        # Stream a tar over the SSH exec channel rather than scp: the
+        # guest runs dropbear, which ships no sftp-server/scp, but every
+        # agent image has `tar`. Copy so `container_path` becomes a copy
+        # of `host_path` (docker cp semantics — callers rm -rf the
+        # destination first).
+        host_parent = os.path.dirname(host_path.rstrip("/")) or "/"
+        host_base = os.path.basename(host_path.rstrip("/"))
+        guest_parent = os.path.dirname(container_path.rstrip("/")) or "/"
+        guest_base = os.path.basename(container_path.rstrip("/"))
+        remote = (
+            f"mkdir -p {shlex.quote(guest_parent)} && "
+            f"cd {shlex.quote(guest_parent)} && "
+            f"rm -rf {shlex.quote(guest_base)} && tar -xf - && "
+            f"{{ [ {shlex.quote(host_base)} = {shlex.quote(guest_base)} ] || "
+            f"mv {shlex.quote(host_base)} {shlex.quote(guest_base)}; }}"
+        )
+        tar = subprocess.Popen(
+            ["tar", "-C", host_parent, "-cf", "-", host_base],
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        )
+        # Pass the command as one arg: ssh space-joins everything after
+        # the host into a single string for the guest's login shell, so a
+        # `sh -c <remote>` split would drop everything past the first word
+        # (the guest shell runs `<remote>` directly; stdin carries the
+        # tar).
+        ssh = subprocess.run(
+            [*self._ssh(tty=False), "--", remote],
+            stdin=tar.stdout, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+        )
+        tar.wait()
+        if tar.returncode != 0 or ssh.returncode != 0:
+            sys.stderr.write(ssh.stderr)
+            raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(
+                ssh.returncode or tar.returncode,
+                ["cp_in", host_path, container_path],
+            )
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        # Real teardown (VM terminate, TAP release) lives on the launch
+        # ExitStack; this is the idempotent alias the ABC expects.
+        pass

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/bottle_cleanup_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""Cleanup plan for the Firecracker backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from ...log import info
+from .. import BottleCleanupPlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan(BottleCleanupPlan):
+    # PIDs of orphaned firecracker VMM processes and the sidecar
+    # containers left behind by previous bottles.
+    vm_pids: tuple[int, ...] = ()
+    containers: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    run_dirs: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+    def print(self) -> None:
+        if self.empty:
+            info("firecracker cleanup: nothing to remove")
+            return
+        for pid in self.vm_pids:
+            info(f"firecracker VM process: pid {pid}")
+        for name in self.containers:
+            info(f"firecracker sidecar container: {name}")
+        for path in self.run_dirs:
+            info(f"firecracker run dir: {path}")
+
+    @property
+    def empty(self) -> bool:
+        return not (self.vm_pids or self.containers or self.run_dirs)

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/bottle_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""Plan type for the Firecracker backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode
+from .. import BottlePlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class FirecrackerBottlePlan(BottlePlan):
+    slug: str
+    forwarded_env: dict[str, str] = field(repr=False)
+    # Stamped by launch once the sidecar is up and its ports are
+    # published on the host-side TAP IP (empty at prepare time).
+    agent_proxy_url: str = ""
+    agent_git_gate_url: str = ""
+    agent_supervise_url: str = ""
+
+    @property
+    def container_name(self) -> str:
+        """Instance name, reused for the sidecar container + VM run dir.
+        Matches the `bot-bottle-<slug>` convention the other backends
+        use so cleanup/enumerate discovery-by-prefix keeps working."""
+        return self.agent_provision.instance_name
+
+    @property
+    def image(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.image
+
+    @property
+    def dockerfile_path(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.dockerfile
+
+    @property
+    def prompt_file(self) -> Path:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_file
+
+    @property
+    def agent_command(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.command
+
+    @property
+    def agent_prompt_mode(self) -> PromptMode:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_mode
+
+    @property
+    def agent_provider_template(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.template
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_host(self) -> str:
+        if self.agent_git_gate_url.startswith("http://"):
+            return self.agent_git_gate_url.removeprefix("http://").rstrip("/")
+        return super().git_gate_insteadof_host
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_scheme(self) -> str:
+        if self.agent_git_gate_url.startswith("http://"):
+            return "http"
+        return super().git_gate_insteadof_scheme

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+"""Cleanup for the Firecracker backend.
+
+Orphans are: firecracker VMM processes whose config lives under our run
+dir, the `bot-bottle-sidecars-*` containers, and the per-bottle run
+dirs. TAP slots free themselves (the flock drops when the launcher
+exits), so there is nothing to reclaim there.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import signal
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...log import info
+from . import util
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan
+
+_SIDECAR_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def _run_root() -> Path:
+    return util.cache_dir() / "run"
+
+
+def _orphan_vm_pids() -> list[int]:
+    """firecracker processes whose --config-file is under our run dir."""
+    run_root = str(_run_root())
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["pgrep", "-a", "firecracker"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    pids: list[int] = []
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        parts = line.split(None, 1)
+        if len(parts) != 2 or run_root not in parts[1]:
+            continue
+        try:
+            pids.append(int(parts[0]))
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+    return pids
+
+
+def _sidecar_containers() -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "ps", "-a", "--format", "{{.Names}}",
+         "--filter", f"name={_SIDECAR_PREFIX}"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    return sorted(n.strip() for n in result.stdout.splitlines() if n.strip())
+
+
+def _run_dirs() -> list[str]:
+    run_root = _run_root()
+    if not run_root.is_dir():
+        return []
+    return sorted(str(p) for p in run_root.iterdir() if p.is_dir())
+
+
+def prepare_cleanup() -> FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan:
+    return FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan(
+        vm_pids=tuple(_orphan_vm_pids()),
+        containers=tuple(_sidecar_containers()),
+        run_dirs=tuple(_run_dirs()),
+    )
+
+
+def cleanup(plan: FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+    for pid in plan.vm_pids:
+        info(f"kill firecracker VM pid {pid}")
+        try:
+            os.kill(pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+        except ProcessLookupError:
+            pass
+    for name in plan.containers:
+        info(f"docker rm -f {name}")
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["docker", "rm", "-f", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+        )
+    for path in plan.run_dirs:
+        info(f"rm -rf {path}")
+        shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors=True)

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/enumerate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+"""Active-agent enumeration for the Firecracker backend.
+
+The agent runs in a VM (no container to list), so a live bottle is
+identified by its running sidecar container `bot-bottle-sidecars-<slug>`
+— the same discovery-by-prefix the other backends use.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+
+from ...bottle_state import read_metadata
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+
+_SIDECAR_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def enumerate_active() -> list[ActiveAgent]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "ps", "--format", "{{.Names}}",
+         "--filter", f"name={_SIDECAR_PREFIX}"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    out: list[ActiveAgent] = []
+    for name in sorted(n.strip() for n in result.stdout.splitlines() if n.strip()):
+        slug = name[len(_SIDECAR_PREFIX):]
+        metadata = read_metadata(slug)
+        if metadata is None or metadata.backend != "firecracker":
+            # Skip sidecars owned by another backend (docker shares the
+            # container-name prefix).
+            continue
+        out.append(ActiveAgent(
+            backend_name="firecracker",
+            slug=slug,
+            agent_name=metadata.agent_name,
+            started_at=metadata.started_at,
+            services=(),
+            label=metadata.label,
+            color=metadata.color,
+        ))
+    return out

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/firecracker_vm.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""Firecracker microVM process lifecycle.
+
+A bottle VM is one `firecracker` process booted from a JSON config
+(kernel + writable rootfs ext4 + one TAP network interface). We run it
+`--no-api`: all configuration is in the config file, and teardown is a
+process signal — the microVM dies with its VMM, which is exactly the
+ephemeral-bottle semantics we want. No API socket, no runtime
+reconfiguration.
+
+The guest gets its IP from the kernel `ip=` cmdline (kernel-level
+autoconfig, no in-guest iproute2) and its SSH pubkey from a `bb_pubkey=`
+cmdline arg the init decodes.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import json
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...log import die, info
+from . import util
+
+
+# Serial console off the critical path but captured to a log for
+# debugging boot failures. `reboot=k panic=1 pci=off` are the standard
+# Firecracker guest args; `i8042.*` skip the (absent) PS/2 probe to
+# shave boot time.
+_BASE_BOOT_ARGS = (
+    "console=ttyS0 reboot=k panic=1 pci=off "
+    "i8042.noaux i8042.nomux i8042.nopnp i8042.dumbkbd "
+    "root=/dev/vda rw init=/bb-init"
+)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class VmHandle:
+    """A running microVM: its VMM process, guest IP, and console log."""
+
+    process: subprocess.Popen[bytes]
+    guest_ip: str
+    console_log: Path
+
+    def is_alive(self) -> bool:
+        return self.process.poll() is None
+
+    def terminate(self) -> None:
+        """Stop the VMM (and thus the guest). SIGTERM, then SIGKILL."""
+        if self.process.poll() is not None:
+            return
+        self.process.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
+        try:
+            self.process.wait(timeout=5)
+        except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
+            self.process.kill()
+            self.process.wait(timeout=5)
+
+
+def _boot_args(guest_ip: str, host_ip: str, pubkey: str) -> str:
+    # ip=<client>::<gw>:<netmask>::<dev>:off — /31 point-to-point link,
+    # so netmask is 255.255.255.254 and the gateway is the host TAP IP.
+    ip_arg = f"ip={guest_ip}::{host_ip}:255.255.255.254::eth0:off"
+    pub_b64 = base64.b64encode(pubkey.encode()).decode()
+    return f"{_BASE_BOOT_ARGS} {ip_arg} bb_pubkey={pub_b64}"
+
+
+def _config(
+    *,
+    rootfs: Path,
+    tap: str,
+    guest_ip: str,
+    host_ip: str,
+    pubkey: str,
+    vcpus: int,
+    mem_mib: int,
+    guest_mac: str,
+) -> dict[str, object]:
+    return {
+        "boot-source": {
+            "kernel_image_path": str(util.kernel_path()),
+            "boot_args": _boot_args(guest_ip, host_ip, pubkey),
+        },
+        "drives": [
+            {
+                "drive_id": "rootfs",
+                "path_on_host": str(rootfs),
+                "is_root_device": True,
+                "is_read_only": False,
+            }
+        ],
+        "network-interfaces": [
+            {
+                "iface_id": "eth0",
+                "host_dev_name": tap,
+                "guest_mac": guest_mac,
+            }
+        ],
+        "machine-config": {
+            "vcpu_count": vcpus,
+            "mem_size_mib": mem_mib,
+        },
+    }
+
+
+def boot(
+    *,
+    name: str,
+    rootfs: Path,
+    tap: str,
+    guest_ip: str,
+    host_ip: str,
+    pubkey: str,
+    run_dir: Path,
+    vcpus: int = 2,
+    mem_mib: int = 2048,
+    guest_mac: str = "06:00:AC:10:00:02",
+) -> VmHandle:
+    """Write the config and launch the VMM. Returns once the process is
+    spawned; callers wait for SSH readiness separately."""
+    run_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    config_path = run_dir / "config.json"
+    console_log = run_dir / "console.log"
+    config_path.write_text(json.dumps(
+        _config(
+            rootfs=rootfs, tap=tap, guest_ip=guest_ip, host_ip=host_ip,
+            pubkey=pubkey, vcpus=vcpus, mem_mib=mem_mib, guest_mac=guest_mac,
+        ),
+        indent=2,
+    ))
+
+    info(f"booting microVM {name} on {tap} (guest {guest_ip})")
+    log_fh = console_log.open("wb")
+    process = subprocess.Popen(
+        ["firecracker", "--no-api", "--config-file", str(config_path)],
+        stdout=log_fh, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+    )
+    return VmHandle(process=process, guest_ip=guest_ip, console_log=console_log)
+
+
+def wait_for_ssh(
+    vm: VmHandle, private_key: Path, *, timeout: float = 30.0,
+) -> None:
+    """Poll SSH until the guest accepts a command or the deadline
+    passes. Dies (with the console tail) if the VMM exits early or the
+    guest never comes up — a boot failure must be loud, not a hang."""
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
+    probe = util.ssh_base_argv(private_key, vm.guest_ip) + ["true"]
+    while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+        if not vm.is_alive():
+            die(f"microVM exited during boot (rc={vm.process.returncode}).\n"
+                f"{_console_tail(vm.console_log)}")
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            probe, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )
+        if result.returncode == 0:
+            return
+        time.sleep(0.5)
+    die(f"microVM {vm.guest_ip} did not accept SSH within {timeout:.0f}s.\n"
+        f"{_console_tail(vm.console_log)}")
+
+
+def _console_tail(console_log: Path, lines: int = 25) -> str:
+    try:
+        text = console_log.read_text(errors="replace").splitlines()
+    except OSError:
+        return "(no console log)"
+    tail = "\n".join(text[-lines:])
+    return f"--- guest console (last {lines} lines) ---\n{tail}"

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/freezer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+"""FirecrackerFreezer — snapshot a running microVM to a Docker image.
+
+The VM is live and can't be block-copied safely, so — like the macOS
+backend — we stream the guest root filesystem out over the control
+channel (SSH here) and rebuild an image from it. The bottle keeps
+running after the snapshot.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...log import die, info
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+from ..freeze import Freezer
+from . import util
+
+
+class FirecrackerFreezer(Freezer):
+    backend_name = "firecracker"
+
+    def _freeze(self, agent: ActiveAgent) -> str:
+        run_dir = util.cache_dir() / "run" / agent.slug
+        private_key = run_dir / "bottle_id_ed25519"
+        guest_ip = _guest_ip_from_config(run_dir / "config.json")
+        if not private_key.is_file() or not guest_ip:
+            die(f"cannot freeze {agent.slug}: run dir {run_dir} is missing the "
+                f"SSH key or VM config (is the bottle still running?)")
+        image_tag = f"bot-bottle-committed-{agent.slug}:latest"
+        _commit_via_ssh(private_key, guest_ip, image_tag)
+        info(f"committed {agent.slug} -> {image_tag!r}")
+        return image_tag
+
+    def _export_hint(self, slug: str, image_ref: str) -> None:
+        info(f"to export for migration:      docker image save {image_ref} "
+             f"-o {slug}.tar")
+
+
+def _guest_ip_from_config(config_path: Path) -> str:
+    try:
+        cfg = json.loads(config_path.read_text())
+    except (OSError, json.JSONDecodeError):
+        return ""
+    boot_args = cfg.get("boot-source", {}).get("boot_args", "")
+    for token in boot_args.split():
+        if token.startswith("ip="):
+            # ip=<client>::<gw>:<mask>::<dev>:off
+            return token[len("ip="):].split(":", 1)[0]
+    return ""
+
+
+def _commit_via_ssh(private_key: Path, guest_ip: str, image_tag: str) -> None:
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="bot-bottle-fc-commit.") as tmp:
+        rootfs_tar = os.path.join(tmp, "rootfs.tar")
+        ssh = util.ssh_base_argv(private_key, guest_ip)
+        with open(rootfs_tar, "wb") as tar_out:
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                [*ssh, "--", "tar", "--create", "--one-file-system",
+                 "--exclude=./proc", "--exclude=./sys", "--exclude=./dev",
+                 "--exclude=./run", "--file=-", "--directory=/", "."],
+                stdout=tar_out, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, check=False,
+            )
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            die(f"ssh tar for {guest_ip} failed: "
+                f"{(result.stderr or b'').decode().strip() or '<no stderr>'}")
+        with open(os.path.join(tmp, "Dockerfile"), "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write("FROM scratch\nADD rootfs.tar /\nUSER node\nWORKDIR /home/node\n")
+        build = subprocess.run(
+            ["docker", "build", "-t", image_tag, tmp], check=False,
+        )
+        if build.returncode != 0:
+            die(f"docker build for {image_tag!r} failed")

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/isolation_probe.py

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+"""Empirical, post-boot isolation probe — the authoritative fail-closed
+egress-boundary check.
+
+The pre-boot nft check can't be trusted on every host (listing an
+nftables table typically needs root; the launcher runs unprivileged).
+So before the agent ever runs, we prove the boundary directly: open a
+canary TCP listener on a host IP the VM must NOT be able to reach (the
+host's primary non-TAP address), then have the guest try to connect. If
+the isolation rules are in force the connection is dropped and times
+out; if it succeeds, the VM can reach host services it shouldn't — a
+sandbox escape — and we refuse to continue.
+
+The listener is load-bearing: without it a "blocked" result could just
+be connection-refused. With it, a reachable canary means a real leak
+and a timeout means a real drop.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import threading
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...log import die, info, warn
+from . import util
+
+
+def _host_primary_ip() -> str:
+    """The source IP the host uses for off-box traffic (its LAN
+    address) — a canary the VM must not reach. Empty if the host has no
+    such route (isolated box)."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["ip", "-o", "route", "get", "1.1.1.1"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return ""
+    tokens = result.stdout.split()
+    # `... src <addr> ...` — the address the host would use as source.
+    if "src" in tokens:
+        idx = tokens.index("src")
+        if idx + 1 < len(tokens):
+            return tokens[idx + 1]
+    return ""
+
+
+# Guest-side connect test: exit 0 = reached the canary (LEAK), 1 =
+# blocked (good), 2 = no usable tool (inconclusive -> fail-closed).
+_GUEST_PROBE = r"""
+h="$1"; p="$2"
+if command -v python3 >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  python3 - "$h" "$p" <<'PY'
+import socket, sys
+s = socket.socket(); s.settimeout(3)
+sys.exit(0 if s.connect_ex((sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[2]))) == 0 else 1)
+PY
+elif command -v bash >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  timeout 3 bash -c "exec 3<>/dev/tcp/$h/$p" >/dev/null 2>&1
+elif command -v nc >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+  nc -w3 -z "$h" "$p" >/dev/null 2>&1
+else
+  exit 2
+fi
+"""
+
+
+def verify_isolation(private_key: Path, guest_ip: str) -> None:
+    """Prove the VM cannot reach the host's primary IP. Dies
+    (fail-closed) on a confirmed leak or if the guest has no tool to
+    run the test. Warns (does not fail) when the host has no canary
+    address to test against."""
+    canary_ip = _host_primary_ip()
+    if not canary_ip:
+        warn("isolation probe skipped: host has no non-TAP route to test "
+             "against (isolated box).")
+        return
+
+    listener = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+    listener.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+    listener.bind((canary_ip, 0))
+    listener.listen(1)
+    listener.settimeout(6)
+    canary_port = listener.getsockname()[1]
+
+    accepted: list[bool] = []
+
+    def _accept() -> None:
+        try:
+            conn, _ = listener.accept()
+            accepted.append(True)
+            conn.close()
+        except OSError:
+            pass
+
+    thread = threading.Thread(target=_accept, daemon=True)
+    thread.start()
+
+    ssh = util.ssh_base_argv(private_key, guest_ip)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [*ssh, "--", "sh", "-s", "--", canary_ip, str(canary_port)],
+        input=_GUEST_PROBE, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    thread.join(timeout=7)
+    listener.close()
+
+    if result.returncode == 0 or accepted:
+        die(f"ISOLATION FAILURE: the VM reached the host canary "
+            f"{canary_ip}:{canary_port}. The egress boundary is not in "
+            f"force — refusing to run the agent (fail-closed). Verify the "
+            f"nft table with: ./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker")
+    if result.returncode == 2:
+        die("isolation probe inconclusive: the guest has no python3/bash/nc "
+            "to run the connectivity test. Refusing to continue "
+            "(fail-closed).")
+    info(f"isolation verified: VM cannot reach host {canary_ip}")

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/launch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+"""Launch flow for the Firecracker backend.
+
+Per bottle:
+  1. mint the egress CA, build the agent image (docker), export it to a
+     cached ext4 rootfs;
+  2. claim a free TAP pool slot (rootless flock);
+  3. bring up the Docker sidecar bundle, publishing egress / git-gate /
+     supervise on the slot's host-side TAP IP at fixed ports;
+  4. boot the microVM on that TAP; wait for SSH;
+  5. provision (CA, prompt, skills, workspace, git, supervise) over SSH.
+
+Isolation is enforced by the operator-provisioned nft table (checked
+fail-closed in preflight): a VM reaches only its sidecar (DNAT'd from
+the host TAP IP) and nothing else. The agent's HTTPS_PROXY therefore
+points at `http://<host_tap_ip>:9099`, its only route to the world.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import os
+import subprocess
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Callable, Generator
+
+from ...bottle_state import (
+    egress_state_dir,
+    git_gate_state_dir,
+    read_committed_image,
+)
+from ...egress import (
+    EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER,
+    egress_agent_env_entries,
+    egress_resolve_token_values,
+    egress_sidecar_env_entries,
+)
+from ...git_gate import (
+    provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys,
+    revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys,
+)
+from ...log import die, info, warn
+from ...supervise import DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER, SUPERVISE_PORT
+from ...util import expand_tilde
+from ..docker.egress import (
+    EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER,
+    EGRESS_PORT,
+    egress_tls_init,
+)
+from ..docker.git_gate import (
+    GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
+)
+from ..docker.sidecar_bundle import (
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
+)
+from ..util import AGENT_CA_BUNDLE, AGENT_CA_PATH
+from . import firecracker_vm, isolation_probe, netpool, util
+from .bottle import FirecrackerBottle
+from .bottle_plan import FirecrackerBottlePlan
+
+
+_REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
+_GIT_HTTP_PORT = 9420
+_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE = "/run/git-gate/ready"
+
+
+def sidecar_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-sidecars-{slug}"
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def launch(
+    plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan,
+    *,
+    provision: Callable[[FirecrackerBottlePlan, "FirecrackerBottle"], str | None],
+) -> Generator[FirecrackerBottle, None, None]:
+    stack = ExitStack()
+    bottle_for_revoke = plan.manifest.bottle
+    git_gate_dir_for_revoke = git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug)
+
+    def teardown() -> None:
+        teardown_exc: BaseException | None = None
+        try:
+            stack.close()
+        except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: W0718 - teardown must continue
+            teardown_exc = exc
+            warn(f"firecracker teardown failed: {exc!r}")
+        revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(bottle_for_revoke, git_gate_dir_for_revoke)
+        if teardown_exc is not None:
+            raise teardown_exc
+
+    try:
+        plan = _mint_certs(plan)
+        plan = _build_agent_image(plan)
+
+        # Claim a TAP slot; the flock is held until teardown closes it.
+        slot, lock = netpool.allocate(plan.slug)
+        stack.callback(lock.close)
+        info(f"firecracker slot {slot.iface}: host={slot.host_ip} "
+             f"guest={slot.guest_ip}")
+
+        plan = _provision_git_gate_keys(plan)
+
+        sidecar_name = sidecar_container_name(plan.slug)
+        _force_remove_container(sidecar_name)
+        _start_sidecar_bundle(plan, sidecar_name, slot.host_ip)
+        stack.callback(_force_remove_container, sidecar_name)
+        _stage_git_gate(plan, sidecar_name)
+
+        plan = _stamp_agent_urls(plan, slot.host_ip)
+
+        # Build the per-bottle rootfs + SSH key, then boot.
+        base_dir = util.build_base_rootfs_dir(plan.image)
+        run_dir = util.cache_dir() / "run" / plan.slug
+        run_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        rootfs = run_dir / "rootfs.ext4"
+        util.build_rootfs_ext4(base_dir, rootfs)
+        private_key, pubkey = util.generate_keypair(run_dir)
+
+        vm = firecracker_vm.boot(
+            name=plan.container_name,
+            rootfs=rootfs,
+            tap=slot.iface,
+            guest_ip=slot.guest_ip,
+            host_ip=slot.host_ip,
+            pubkey=pubkey,
+            run_dir=run_dir,
+        )
+        stack.callback(vm.terminate)
+        firecracker_vm.wait_for_ssh(vm, private_key)
+
+        # Authoritative fail-closed egress-boundary check, before the
+        # agent runs: prove the VM cannot reach the host directly.
+        isolation_probe.verify_isolation(private_key, slot.guest_ip)
+
+        bottle = FirecrackerBottle(
+            plan.container_name,
+            private_key=private_key,
+            guest_ip=slot.guest_ip,
+            guest_env=_agent_guest_env(plan, slot.host_ip),
+            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
+            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
+            agent_provider_template=plan.agent_provider_template,
+            terminal_title=(
+                f"{plan.spec.label} ({plan.spec.agent_name})"
+                if plan.spec.label else plan.spec.agent_name
+            ),
+            terminal_color=plan.spec.color,
+            agent_workdir=plan.workspace_plan.workdir,
+        )
+        bottle.prompt_path = provision(plan, bottle)
+
+        yield bottle
+    finally:
+        teardown()
+
+
+def _mint_certs(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+    egress_ca_host, egress_ca_cert_only = egress_tls_init(egress_state_dir(plan.slug))
+    egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
+        plan.egress_plan,
+        mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
+        mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(plan, egress_plan=egress_plan)
+
+
+def _build_agent_image(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+    _docker_build(SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE, _REPO_DIR, dockerfile=SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE)
+    committed = read_committed_image(plan.slug)
+    if committed and _image_exists(committed):
+        info(f"using committed image {committed!r}")
+        return dataclasses.replace(
+            plan,
+            agent_provision=dataclasses.replace(plan.agent_provision, image=committed),
+        )
+    _docker_build(plan.image, _REPO_DIR, dockerfile=plan.dockerfile_path)
+    return plan
+
+
+def _provision_git_gate_keys(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+    if not plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        return plan
+    git_gate_plan = provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys(
+        plan.manifest.bottle, plan.git_gate_plan, git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug),
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(plan, git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan)
+
+
+def _stamp_agent_urls(
+    plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan, host_ip: str,
+) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+    proxy_url = f"http://{host_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    supervise_url = (
+        f"http://{host_ip}:{SUPERVISE_PORT}/" if plan.supervise_plan is not None else ""
+    )
+    git_gate_url = (
+        f"http://{host_ip}:{_GIT_HTTP_PORT}" if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams else ""
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(
+        plan,
+        agent_proxy_url=proxy_url,
+        agent_git_gate_url=git_gate_url,
+        agent_supervise_url=supervise_url,
+    )
+
+
+# --- sidecar bundle (Docker) ----------------------------------------
+
+def _start_sidecar_bundle(
+    plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan, sidecar_name: str, host_ip: str,
+) -> None:
+    argv = ["docker", "run", "--name", sidecar_name, "--detach", "--rm",
+            "-e", f"BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS={','.join(_sidecar_daemons(plan))}"]
+    for entry in _sidecar_env_entries(plan):
+        argv += ["-e", entry]
+    for host_path, container_path, read_only in _sidecar_mounts(plan):
+        argv += ["-v", f"{host_path}:{container_path}{':ro' if read_only else ''}"]
+    # Publish on the slot's host TAP IP at fixed ports — each bottle
+    # has a distinct host_ip, so fixed ports never collide, and the VM
+    # reaches them at a stable, well-known address (its only route out).
+    for port in _sidecar_ports(plan):
+        argv += ["-p", f"{host_ip}:{port}:{port}"]
+    argv.append(SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE)
+
+    effective_env = {**dict(os.environ), **plan.agent_provision.provisioned_env}
+    token_values = egress_resolve_token_values(
+        plan.egress_plan.token_env_map, effective_env,
+    )
+    env = {**os.environ, **token_values}
+    info(f"docker run sidecar bundle {sidecar_name} (published on {host_ip})")
+    result = subprocess.run(argv, capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, check=False)
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(f"docker run for sidecar bundle {sidecar_name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}")
+
+
+def _sidecar_daemons(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    daemons = ["egress"]
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        daemons += ["git-gate", "git-http"]
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        daemons.append("supervise")
+    return tuple(daemons)
+
+
+def _sidecar_ports(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> tuple[int, ...]:
+    ports = [EGRESS_PORT]
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        ports.append(_GIT_HTTP_PORT)
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        ports.append(SUPERVISE_PORT)
+    return tuple(ports)
+
+
+def _sidecar_env_entries(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    env: list[str] = list(egress_sidecar_env_entries(plan.egress_plan))
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        env.append(f"BOT_BOTTLE_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE={_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE}")
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        env += [
+            f"SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG={plan.slug}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_DB_PATH={DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_PORT={SUPERVISE_PORT}",
+        ]
+    return tuple(env)
+
+
+def _sidecar_mounts(
+    plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan,
+) -> tuple[tuple[str, str, bool], ...]:
+    mounts: list[tuple[str, str, bool]] = []
+    ep = plan.egress_plan
+    mounts.append((str(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path.parent),
+                   str(Path(EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER).parent), False))
+    if ep.routes:
+        mounts.append((str(ep.routes_path.parent),
+                       str(Path(EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER).parent), True))
+    sp = plan.supervise_plan
+    if sp is not None:
+        mounts.append((str(sp.db_path.parent),
+                       str(Path(DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER).parent), False))
+    return tuple(mounts)
+
+
+def _stage_git_gate(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan, sidecar_name: str) -> None:
+    gp = plan.git_gate_plan
+    if not gp.upstreams:
+        return
+    _docker_exec(sidecar_name, [
+        "mkdir", "-p",
+        str(Path(GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+        GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER, "/git",
+        str(Path(_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE).parent),
+    ])
+    for host_path, container_path in _git_gate_files(plan):
+        _docker_cp(host_path, f"{sidecar_name}:{container_path}")
+    _docker_exec(sidecar_name, [
+        "sh", "-c",
+        f"chmod 755 {GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER} "
+        f"{GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER} {GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER} && "
+        f"chmod 600 {GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/* && "
+        f"touch {_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE}",
+    ])
+
+
+def _git_gate_files(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan) -> tuple[tuple[str, str], ...]:
+    gp = plan.git_gate_plan
+    files: list[tuple[str, str]] = [
+        (str(gp.entrypoint_script), GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER),
+        (str(gp.hook_script), GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER),
+        (str(gp.access_hook_script), GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER),
+    ]
+    for upstream in gp.upstreams:
+        files.append((expand_tilde(upstream.identity_file),
+                      f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{upstream.name}-key"))
+        if upstream.known_hosts_file:
+            files.append((str(upstream.known_hosts_file),
+                          f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{upstream.name}-known_hosts"))
+    return tuple(files)
+
+
+# --- agent guest env -------------------------------------------------
+
+def _agent_guest_env(plan: FirecrackerBottlePlan, host_ip: str) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Env injected into every agent/exec call over SSH. The VM has no
+    baked process env (it just runs init), so the proxy/CA/git/supervise
+    wiring is applied per-invocation."""
+    proxy_url = f"http://{host_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    no_proxy = f"localhost,127.0.0.1,{host_ip}"
+    env: dict[str, str] = {
+        "HTTPS_PROXY": proxy_url, "HTTP_PROXY": proxy_url,
+        "https_proxy": proxy_url, "http_proxy": proxy_url,
+        "NO_PROXY": no_proxy, "no_proxy": no_proxy,
+        "NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS": AGENT_CA_PATH,
+        "SSL_CERT_FILE": AGENT_CA_BUNDLE,
+        "REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE": AGENT_CA_BUNDLE,
+    }
+    if plan.agent_git_gate_url:
+        env["GIT_GATE_URL"] = plan.agent_git_gate_url
+    if plan.agent_supervise_url:
+        env["MCP_SUPERVISE_URL"] = plan.agent_supervise_url
+    for entry in egress_agent_env_entries(plan.egress_plan):
+        key, _, value = entry.partition("=")
+        env[key] = value
+    env.update(plan.agent_provision.guest_env)
+    # Forwarded (bare-name) env: resolve host values now, since the VM
+    # can't inherit them from a `docker run --env NAME`.
+    for name in plan.forwarded_env:
+        value = os.environ.get(name)
+        if value is not None:
+            env[name] = value
+    return env
+
+
+# --- docker helpers --------------------------------------------------
+
+def _docker_build(ref: str, context: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> None:
+    info(f"docker build {ref}")
+    args = ["docker", "build", "-t", ref]
+    if dockerfile:
+        if not os.path.isabs(dockerfile):
+            dockerfile = os.path.join(context, dockerfile)
+        args += ["-f", dockerfile]
+    args.append(context)
+    result = subprocess.run(args, check=False)
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(f"docker build for {ref!r} failed")
+
+
+def _image_exists(ref: str) -> bool:
+    return subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "image", "inspect", ref],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+    ).returncode == 0
+
+
+def _force_remove_container(name: str) -> None:
+    subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "rm", "-f", name],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+    )
+
+
+def _docker_exec(name: str, argv: list[str]) -> None:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "exec", name, *argv], capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(f"docker exec in {name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}")
+
+
+def _docker_cp(host_path: str, dest: str) -> None:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "cp", host_path, dest], capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(f"docker cp {host_path} -> {dest} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}")

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/netpool.py

@@ -0,0 +1,256 @@
+"""Firecracker network pool: constants, IP math, allocation, and the
+config renderers (shell command + NixOS module) shown to operators.
+
+The Firecracker backend needs a privileged one-time network setup:
+a pool of point-to-point TAP devices (owned by the invoking user, so
+`./cli.py start` never needs root) and a dedicated nftables table that
+isolates every VM. This module is the single source of truth for the
+pool parameters — the shell script (`scripts/firecracker-netpool.sh`),
+the NixOS module (`nix/firecracker-netpool.nix`), and the backend's
+fail-closed preflight all derive from these constants so they can't
+drift.
+
+Topology (per slot i):
+  * TAP  ``bbfc{i}``  — no shared bridge, so no docker0 / virbr0 / cni0
+    / br-* collisions.
+  * a /31 host<->guest link: host = base + 2i (the gateway the VM
+    routes through), guest = base + 2i + 1 (the VM's address).
+  * isolation via ``table inet bot_bottle_fc``: a VM reaches only its
+    own sidecar (DNAT'd from the host TAP IP) and nothing else.
+
+The default IP block is ``10.243.0.0/16`` — an intentionally obscure
+corner of RFC-1918 private space. RFC-1918 is the range *designated*
+for private links; we pick a high, unusual /16 to steer clear of the
+common occupants (Docker's 172.17-31, libvirt's 192.168.122, k8s
+10.42/10.244, and typical home LANs on 192.168.0/1.x or 10.0.0.x).
+We deliberately avoid ``100.64.0.0/10`` (RFC-6598 CGNAT) because
+Tailscale hands out node addresses from exactly that range. No default
+is collision-proof, so `overlapping_routes()` is the real guard —
+`backend setup`/`status` and the launch preflight call it to catch
+a base that clashes with something already on the host.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import fcntl
+import ipaddress
+import os
+import subprocess
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import IO
+
+from ...log import die
+
+
+# Interface names are capped at 15 chars (IFNAMSIZ-1); "bbfc" + a small
+# index stays well under that and is distinctive enough to grep for.
+IFACE_PREFIX = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IFACE_PREFIX", "bbfc")
+NFT_TABLE = "bot_bottle_fc"
+
+
+def pool_size() -> int:
+    return int(os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_POOL_SIZE", "8"))
+
+
+def ip_base() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE", "10.243.0.0")
+
+
+# Sidecar ports the VM reaches at its host-side TAP IP. Kept in sync
+# with the backend constants (egress 9099, supervise 9100, git-http
+# 9420); rendered into the setup output for operator visibility.
+SIDECAR_PORTS = (9099, 9100, 9420)
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Slot:
+    """One pool slot: a TAP device and its host/guest /31 addresses."""
+
+    index: int
+    iface: str
+    host_ip: str
+    guest_ip: str
+
+    @property
+    def guest_cidr(self) -> str:
+        """Guest address with the /31 prefix, for the kernel `ip=` arg."""
+        return f"{self.guest_ip}/31"
+
+
+def slot(index: int) -> Slot:
+    base = int(ipaddress.IPv4Address(ip_base()))
+    return Slot(
+        index=index,
+        iface=f"{IFACE_PREFIX}{index}",
+        host_ip=str(ipaddress.IPv4Address(base + 2 * index)),
+        guest_ip=str(ipaddress.IPv4Address(base + 2 * index + 1)),
+    )
+
+
+def all_slots() -> list[Slot]:
+    return [slot(i) for i in range(pool_size())]
+
+
+# --- fail-closed verification ---------------------------------------
+
+def _run_ok(argv: list[str]) -> bool:
+    """Run a probe command, treating a missing binary as failure
+    (rather than crashing) so callers can stay fail-closed."""
+    try:
+        return subprocess.run(
+            argv, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        ).returncode == 0
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return False
+
+
+def nft_table_present() -> bool:
+    """True iff the isolation table exists in the active nftables
+    backend. The backend's preflight treats absence as fatal — the VM
+    must not boot without its egress boundary in place.
+
+    Listing may require root; when it can't be confirmed here the
+    launch path falls back to an empirical post-boot isolation probe.
+    Returns False (fail-closed) if `nft` is unavailable."""
+    return _run_ok(["nft", "list", "table", "inet", NFT_TABLE])
+
+
+def tap_present(iface: str) -> bool:
+    # `ip link show` is unprivileged, so the TAP-pool check is reliable
+    # for the non-root launcher.
+    return _run_ok(["ip", "link", "show", iface])
+
+
+def missing_taps() -> list[str]:
+    """Pool TAPs that the one-time setup has not created yet."""
+    return [s.iface for s in all_slots() if not tap_present(s.iface)]
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class RouteConflict:
+    """An existing host route whose destination overlaps the pool range
+    but isn't one of our own bbfc TAPs — i.e. the chosen IP base clashes
+    with something already on the host (a Tailscale CGNAT peer, a
+    docker/libvirt bridge, the LAN…)."""
+
+    dst: str
+    dev: str
+
+
+def _pool_span() -> tuple[int, int]:
+    """Inclusive [first, last] integer bounds of every address the pool
+    occupies: base .. base + 2*pool_size - 1."""
+    base = int(ipaddress.IPv4Address(ip_base()))
+    return base, base + 2 * pool_size() - 1
+
+
+def overlapping_routes() -> list[RouteConflict]:
+    """Existing routes whose destination overlaps the pool's address
+    range, excluding our own `bbfc*` TAP routes and the default route.
+
+    A non-empty result means `BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE` collides with
+    something already configured on this host, so the pool would shadow
+    (or be shadowed by) it. Empty on success — or when `ip` is missing
+    or unparseable, since this is an advisory guard, not the fail-closed
+    isolation check (that's the nft table + post-boot probe)."""
+    import json
+
+    try:
+        proc = subprocess.run(
+            ["ip", "-json", "route", "show", "table", "all"],
+            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+        )
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return []
+    if proc.returncode != 0 or not proc.stdout.strip():
+        return []
+    try:
+        routes = json.loads(proc.stdout)
+    except json.JSONDecodeError:
+        return []
+
+    lo, hi = _pool_span()
+    conflicts: list[RouteConflict] = []
+    for r in routes:
+        if not isinstance(r, dict):
+            continue
+        dst = r.get("dst")
+        dev = r.get("dev", "")
+        if not isinstance(dst, str) or dst in ("", "default"):
+            continue
+        if isinstance(dev, str) and dev.startswith(IFACE_PREFIX):
+            continue  # our own pool link
+        try:
+            net = ipaddress.ip_network(dst, strict=False)
+        except ValueError:
+            continue
+        if net.version != 4:
+            continue
+        r_lo = int(net.network_address)
+        r_hi = int(net.broadcast_address)
+        if r_lo <= hi and lo <= r_hi:  # ranges intersect
+            conflicts.append(RouteConflict(dst=dst, dev=str(dev)))
+    return conflicts
+
+
+# --- allocation ------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _lock_dir() -> Path:
+    d = Path.home() / ".cache" / "bot-bottle" / "firecracker" / "pool"
+    d.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return d
+
+
+def allocate(slug: str) -> tuple[Slot, IO[str]]:
+    """Claim a free pool slot for one bottle. Returns the slot and the
+    held lock file — the caller keeps it open for the VM's lifetime and
+    closes it on teardown; the flock auto-releases if the launcher
+    crashes, so a slot is never leaked. Dies when the pool is
+    exhausted.
+
+    A per-slot `flock` (rather than inspecting running processes) makes
+    allocation race-free across concurrent launches without a central
+    registry: the first launcher to grab the lock owns the slot."""
+    del slug  # logged by the caller; allocation is purely lock-driven
+    for s in all_slots():
+        lock_path = _lock_dir() / f"{s.iface}.lock"
+        handle = open(lock_path, "w", encoding="utf-8")
+        try:
+            fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
+        except OSError:
+            handle.close()
+            continue
+        return s, handle
+    die(f"Firecracker TAP pool exhausted ({pool_size()} slots, all in "
+        f"use). Stop a running bottle or raise BOT_BOTTLE_FC_POOL_SIZE "
+        f"and re-run `./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker`.")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+# --- config renderers (shown by `./cli.py backend setup`) -----------
+
+def render_shell_setup() -> str:
+    """The imperative command for non-NixOS hosts."""
+    env = _nondefault_env()
+    prefix = f"{env} " if env else ""
+    return f"sudo {prefix}./scripts/firecracker-netpool.sh up"
+
+
+# The NixOS setup is a real, importable module (nix/firecracker-netpool.nix,
+# exposed as the flake output nixosModules.firecracker-netpool) rather than a
+# generated paste — see `backend setup` output.
+
+
+def _nondefault_env() -> str:
+    """Render any non-default pool env overrides so the printed shell
+    command reproduces the operator's current settings."""
+    pairs = []
+    if os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_POOL_SIZE"):
+        pairs.append(f"BOT_BOTTLE_FC_POOL_SIZE={pool_size()}")
+    if os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE"):
+        pairs.append(f"BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE={ip_base()}")
+    if os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IFACE_PREFIX"):
+        pairs.append(f"BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IFACE_PREFIX={IFACE_PREFIX}")
+    return " ".join(pairs)

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/resolve_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""Prepare step for the Firecracker backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from .. import BottleSpec
+from . import util
+from .bottle_plan import FirecrackerBottlePlan
+
+
+def preflight() -> None:
+    util.require_firecracker()
+
+
+def build_guest_env(resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return dict(resolved_env.literals)
+
+
+def resolve_plan(
+    spec: BottleSpec,
+    manifest: Manifest,
+    slug: str,
+    resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+    agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+    egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+    supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+    git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+    stage_dir: Path,
+) -> FirecrackerBottlePlan:
+    return FirecrackerBottlePlan(
+        spec=spec,
+        manifest=manifest,
+        stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        slug=slug,
+        forwarded_env=dict(resolved_env.forwarded),
+        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+        egress_plan=egress_plan,
+        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+        agent_provision=agent_provision_plan,
+    )

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+"""Host setup + status for the Firecracker backend.
+
+`setup()` prints the host-appropriate config for the privileged,
+one-time network pool (TAP devices + isolation nftables table) the
+backend needs. On NixOS it points at the flake module (and prints a
+paste-able fallback); elsewhere it prints the sudo command for the
+bundled setup script. `status()` reports what's present, including
+whether the pool range collides with an existing route.
+
+Called through `FirecrackerBottleBackend.setup` / `.status`, which the
+generic `./cli.py backend {setup,status}` command dispatches to.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from . import netpool
+from . import util
+
+
+_FC_RELEASES = "https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases"
+
+
+def _owner() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get("USER", "youruser")
+
+
+def _module_path() -> str:
+    """Absolute path to the importable NixOS module in this checkout."""
+    return str(Path(__file__).resolve().parents[3] / "nix" / "firecracker-netpool.nix")
+
+
+def _print_prereqs() -> None:
+    """The firecracker binary + KVM + guest artifacts, shown before the
+    privileged network-pool step so operators see the full picture."""
+    fc = shutil.which("firecracker")
+    if fc:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"1) firecracker binary: found ({fc}).\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "1) firecracker binary: NOT found on PATH. Install a release binary "
+            "and put it on PATH:\n"
+            f"     {_FC_RELEASES}\n"
+            "   e.g.: download firecracker-vX.Y.Z-$(uname -m).tgz, extract, and\n"
+            "     install -m755 release-*/firecracker-* ~/.local/bin/firecracker\n"
+            "   (NixOS: not packaged as a user binary — fetch the release, pin\n"
+            "    the version, and add it to PATH.)\n"
+        )
+    if util.is_host_capable():
+        sys.stderr.write("   KVM: /dev/kvm present.\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "   KVM: /dev/kvm missing/unusable — load kvm-intel/kvm-amd, enable\n"
+            "   virtualization in firmware, and add your user to the `kvm` group.\n"
+        )
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "   Guest artifacts: a kernel (BOT_BOTTLE_FC_KERNEL) and static dropbear\n"
+        "   (BOT_BOTTLE_FC_DROPBEAR) must be cached, and `mke2fs` (e2fsprogs) is\n"
+        "   needed to build the rootfs.\n\n"
+    )
+
+
+def _is_nixos() -> bool:
+    if Path("/etc/NIXOS").exists():
+        return True
+    try:
+        return "ID=nixos" in Path("/etc/os-release").read_text()
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def _warn_overlaps() -> None:
+    """Warn if the chosen pool range collides with an existing host route
+    (Tailscale CGNAT peer, a docker/libvirt bridge, the LAN…)."""
+    conflicts = netpool.overlapping_routes()
+    if not conflicts:
+        return
+    detail = "\n".join(f"    {c.dst} dev {c.dev}" for c in conflicts)
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        f"WARNING: pool range (base {netpool.ip_base()}, "
+        f"{netpool.pool_size()} slots) overlaps existing routes:\n"
+        f"{detail}\n"
+        "Set BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE to a free range before setup, or the "
+        "pool may shadow / be shadowed by the above.\n\n"
+    )
+
+
+def setup() -> int:
+    sys.stderr.write("Firecracker backend — one-time host setup.\n\n")
+    _print_prereqs()
+    slots = netpool.all_slots()
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        f"2) network pool: {len(slots)} slots "
+        f"({slots[0].iface}..{slots[-1].iface}), base {netpool.ip_base()} — "
+        f"TAP devices + nft isolation table, privileged (needs root once).\n\n"
+    )
+    _warn_overlaps()
+    if _is_nixos():
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "Detected NixOS. Import the module — it is NON-INVASIVE: it does "
+            "not flip networking.nftables.enable or systemd.network.enable, so "
+            "your existing (iptables) firewall and Docker are untouched. A "
+            "systemd oneshot brings the pool up alongside them.\n\n"
+            "  # flake users:\n"
+            "  inputs.bot-bottle.url = \"git+ssh://<your-bot-bottle-remote>\";\n"
+            "  imports = [ inputs.bot-bottle.nixosModules.firecracker-netpool ];\n"
+            "  # channel (non-flake) users — import the file directly:\n"
+            f"  imports = [ {_module_path()} ];\n\n"
+            f"  services.bot-bottle-firecracker = {{ enable = true; owner = \"{_owner()}\"; }};\n\n"
+            "Then `nixos-rebuild switch`.\n"
+        )
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("Run the one-time setup as root:\n\n")
+        sys.stdout.write(netpool.render_shell_setup() + "\n")
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "\n(On NixOS, use the declarative module instead — this host "
+            "was not detected as NixOS.)\n"
+        )
+    return 0
+
+
+def teardown() -> int:
+    slots = netpool.all_slots()
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        f"Undo the Firecracker network pool ({len(slots)} slots, base "
+        f"{netpool.ip_base()}) — a privileged, one-time operation.\n\n"
+    )
+    if _is_nixos():
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "On NixOS: set `services.bot-bottle-firecracker.enable = false;` "
+            "(or drop the module import) and `nixos-rebuild switch`. The TAP "
+            "netdevs and nft table are removed declaratively.\n\n"
+            "To tear down imperatively before a rebuild (does not persist):\n\n"
+        )
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("Run the teardown as root:\n\n")
+    sys.stdout.write("sudo ./scripts/firecracker-netpool.sh down\n")
+    return 0
+
+
+def status() -> int:
+    # Readiness == what the launch preflight hard-requires: the TAP pool
+    # present (unprivileged, authoritative) and no range overlap. Listing
+    # the nft table usually needs root, so — like the preflight — an
+    # unconfirmable table is reported but NOT treated as not-ready; the
+    # post-boot isolation probe is the authoritative check. This keeps an
+    # unprivileged `backend status` usable as a launch gate.
+    ok = True
+    missing = netpool.missing_taps()
+    total = netpool.pool_size()
+    if missing:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"TAP pool: {total - len(missing)}/{total} present "
+                         f"(missing: {', '.join(missing)})\n")
+        ok = False
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"TAP pool: {total}/{total} present\n")
+    if shutil.which("nft") is None:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"nft table inet {netpool.NFT_TABLE}: unverified "
+                         f"(nft not on PATH; enforced + checked post-boot)\n")
+    elif netpool.nft_table_present():
+        sys.stderr.write(f"nft table inet {netpool.NFT_TABLE}: present\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"nft table inet {netpool.NFT_TABLE}: not confirmable "
+                         f"unprivileged (listing needs root; verified post-boot)\n")
+    conflicts = netpool.overlapping_routes()
+    if conflicts:
+        detail = ", ".join(f"{c.dst} dev {c.dev}" for c in conflicts)
+        sys.stderr.write(f"range overlap: base {netpool.ip_base()} CLASHES "
+                         f"with {detail}\n")
+        ok = False
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(f"range overlap: none (base {netpool.ip_base()})\n")
+    if not ok:
+        sys.stderr.write("\nRun: ./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker\n")
+    return 0 if ok else 1

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+"""Host-side primitives for the Firecracker backend.
+
+Covers the pieces that don't need root at launch time: locating the
+firecracker binary / guest kernel / injected dropbear, the fail-closed
+preflight (KVM + kernel + isolation table + TAP pool must all be
+present before a VM boots), the rootless rootfs pipeline
+(`docker export` -> `mke2fs -d`, no mount), and per-bottle SSH key
+generation.
+
+The privileged network setup (TAP pool + nft table) is a one-time
+operator step — see `netpool.py`, `scripts/firecracker-netpool.sh`,
+and `./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import platform
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...log import die, info, warn
+from . import netpool
+
+
+# Guest agent images are Debian-family with USER node; the VM is
+# reached over SSH as root (init drops the pubkey into both root's and
+# node's authorized_keys) and commands `runuser` down to node.
+GUEST_SSH_USER = "root"
+
+# `/dev/kvm` must exist and be openable by the invoking user.
+_KVM_DEVICE = "/dev/kvm"
+
+
+def cache_dir() -> Path:
+    d = Path(
+        os.environ.get(
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_FC_CACHE",
+            str(Path.home() / ".cache" / "bot-bottle" / "firecracker"),
+        )
+    )
+    d.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return d
+
+
+def kernel_path() -> Path:
+    return Path(os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_KERNEL", str(cache_dir() / "vmlinux")))
+
+
+def dropbear_path() -> Path:
+    """The static dropbear injected into every guest rootfs as its SSH
+    server. Must be statically linked — the guest has none of the
+    host's shared libraries."""
+    return Path(
+        os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_FC_DROPBEAR", str(cache_dir() / "dropbear"))
+    )
+
+
+# --- availability + preflight ---------------------------------------
+
+def is_linux() -> bool:
+    return platform.system() == "Linux"
+
+
+def is_host_capable() -> bool:
+    """Whether this host *could* run firecracker — Linux with KVM —
+    regardless of whether the `firecracker` binary is installed. Used
+    for default-backend selection so a KVM Linux host that hasn't
+    installed firecracker yet still selects it and gets an install
+    pointer at launch (see `require_firecracker`), rather than silently
+    falling back to docker."""
+    return is_linux() and os.path.exists(_KVM_DEVICE)
+
+
+def is_available() -> bool:
+    """Cheap capability probe used by cross-backend enumeration —
+    firecracker on PATH, on Linux, with KVM. Does not check the
+    (operator-provisioned) kernel / pool, so an available-but-unset
+    host still shows up and gets an actionable error at launch."""
+    return is_host_capable() and shutil.which("firecracker") is not None
+
+
+def require_firecracker() -> None:
+    """Fail-closed preflight. Every check that gates the security
+    boundary (the isolation table, the TAP pool) errors rather than
+    booting a VM without it."""
+    if not is_linux():
+        die("firecracker backend is only supported on Linux (KVM). "
+            "On macOS use --backend=macos-container.")
+    if shutil.which("firecracker") is None:
+        info("Firecracker is required but was not found on PATH.")
+        info("Install: https://github.com/firecracker-microvm/firecracker/releases")
+        die("firecracker not found on PATH")
+    _require_kvm()
+    if not kernel_path().is_file():
+        die(f"guest kernel not found at {kernel_path()}. Set "
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_FC_KERNEL or place a vmlinux there.")
+    if not dropbear_path().is_file():
+        die(f"static dropbear not found at {dropbear_path()}. Set "
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_FC_DROPBEAR or cache one there.")
+    if shutil.which("mke2fs") is None:
+        die("mke2fs (e2fsprogs) not found — required to build guest rootfs")
+    _require_network_pool()
+
+
+def _require_kvm() -> None:
+    if not os.path.exists(_KVM_DEVICE):
+        die(f"{_KVM_DEVICE} is missing. Enable KVM (load kvm-intel/kvm-amd; "
+            "confirm virtualization is on in firmware).")
+    if not os.access(_KVM_DEVICE, os.R_OK | os.W_OK):
+        die(f"{_KVM_DEVICE} exists but is not accessible. Add your user to "
+            "the `kvm` group and re-login.")
+
+
+def _require_network_pool() -> None:
+    """Fail-closed on the parts we can check unprivileged; defer the
+    rest to the post-boot isolation probe.
+
+    The TAP pool is verified here (`ip link show` is unprivileged). The
+    nft table can only be *confirmed present* here when `nft` is
+    queryable — which usually needs root — so a missing/absent nft is
+    not treated as fatal at this stage: the authoritative check is the
+    empirical isolation probe run after boot, before the agent starts
+    (see isolation_probe.verify_isolation). What we must never do is
+    boot without the TAP pool."""
+    conflicts = netpool.overlapping_routes()
+    if conflicts:
+        detail = "; ".join(f"{c.dst} dev {c.dev}" for c in conflicts)
+        warn(f"Firecracker pool range ({netpool.ip_base()}, "
+             f"{netpool.pool_size()} slots) overlaps existing routes: "
+             f"{detail}. This can shadow or be shadowed by that route; "
+             f"set BOT_BOTTLE_FC_IP_BASE to a free range and re-run "
+             f"./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker.")
+    missing = netpool.missing_taps()
+    if missing:
+        die(f"network pool incomplete — missing TAP devices: "
+            f"{', '.join(missing)}.\n    ./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker")
+    if shutil.which("nft") is not None and not netpool.nft_table_present():
+        # nft is queryable and says the table is absent — that's a
+        # definite, catchable misconfiguration; fail early.
+        warn(f"isolation table `inet {netpool.NFT_TABLE}` not found via nft. "
+             "If this is a permissions issue it will be re-checked "
+             "empirically after boot; otherwise run: "
+             "./cli.py backend setup --backend=firecracker")
+
+
+# --- rootfs pipeline (rootless) -------------------------------------
+
+def docker_image_id(ref: str) -> str:
+    """The image's content digest, used as the rootfs cache key."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "image", "inspect", "--format", "{{.Id}}", ref],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0 or not result.stdout.strip():
+        die(f"docker image inspect for {ref!r} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no output>'}")
+    return result.stdout.strip().replace("sha256:", "")[:16]
+
+
+def build_base_rootfs_dir(image_ref: str) -> Path:
+    """Export the agent image's filesystem and inject the guest init +
+    static dropbear. Cached by image digest — the per-bottle bits
+    (authorized_keys, IP) are passed at boot via the kernel cmdline, so
+    this tree carries nothing bottle-specific and is safely shared.
+
+    Returns the prepared directory (read as the `mke2fs -d` source)."""
+    digest = docker_image_id(image_ref)
+    base = cache_dir() / "rootfs" / digest
+    ready = base / ".bb-ready"
+    if ready.is_file():
+        return base
+
+    if base.exists():
+        shutil.rmtree(base, ignore_errors=True)
+    base.mkdir(parents=True)
+
+    info(f"exporting {image_ref} rootfs -> {base}")
+    cid = subprocess.run(
+        ["docker", "create", image_ref, "sleep", "infinity"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if cid.returncode != 0 or not cid.stdout.strip():
+        die(f"docker create {image_ref!r} failed: {cid.stderr.strip()}")
+    container = cid.stdout.strip()
+    try:
+        export = subprocess.Popen(
+            ["docker", "export", container], stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+        )
+        untar = subprocess.run(
+            ["tar", "-x", "-C", str(base)], stdin=export.stdout, check=False,
+        )
+        export.wait()
+        if export.returncode != 0 or untar.returncode != 0:
+            die(f"exporting rootfs for {image_ref!r} failed")
+    finally:
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["docker", "rm", "-f", container],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+        )
+
+    _inject_guest_boot(base)
+    ready.write_text("ok\n")
+    return base
+
+
+def _inject_guest_boot(rootfs: Path) -> None:
+    """Drop the static dropbear and the PID-1 init into the rootfs."""
+    shutil.copy2(dropbear_path(), rootfs / "bb-dropbear")
+    os.chmod(rootfs / "bb-dropbear", 0o755)
+    init = rootfs / "bb-init"
+    init.write_text(_GUEST_INIT)
+    os.chmod(init, 0o755)
+
+
+def build_rootfs_ext4(base_dir: Path, out_path: Path, *, slack_mib: int = 1024) -> None:
+    """Build a fresh, writable ext4 for one bottle from the cached base
+    dir. Rootless: `mke2fs -d` populates the image from a directory
+    without mounting. Each call produces an independent disk, so the
+    shared base dir stays untouched and concurrent bottles don't race."""
+    used_mib = _dir_size_mib(base_dir)
+    size_mib = used_mib + slack_mib
+    out_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["mke2fs", "-q", "-t", "ext4", "-d", str(base_dir), "-F",
+         str(out_path), f"{size_mib}M"],
+        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(f"mke2fs for {out_path} failed: {result.stderr.strip()}")
+
+
+def _dir_size_mib(path: Path) -> int:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["du", "-sm", str(path)], capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    try:
+        return int(result.stdout.split()[0])
+    except (ValueError, IndexError):
+        return 2048
+
+
+# --- per-bottle SSH keys --------------------------------------------
+
+def generate_keypair(dest_dir: Path) -> tuple[Path, str]:
+    """Mint a per-bottle ed25519 keypair. Returns (private_key_path,
+    public_key_line). The public line is injected into the guest via
+    the boot cmdline; the private key authenticates host->guest SSH."""
+    dest_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    key = dest_dir / "bottle_id_ed25519"
+    if key.exists():
+        key.unlink()
+    (dest_dir / "bottle_id_ed25519.pub").unlink(missing_ok=True)
+    subprocess.run(
+        ["ssh-keygen", "-t", "ed25519", "-N", "", "-q", "-f", str(key),
+         "-C", "bot-bottle-firecracker"],
+        check=True,
+    )
+    pub = (dest_dir / "bottle_id_ed25519.pub").read_text().strip()
+    return key, pub
+
+
+def ssh_base_argv(private_key: Path, guest_ip: str) -> list[str]:
+    """Common SSH options for host->guest control. The VM is ephemeral
+    and per-bottle, so host-key TOFU is meaningless — pin no known_hosts
+    and skip the check rather than accumulate churn."""
+    return [
+        "ssh",
+        "-i", str(private_key),
+        # Only offer the per-bottle key — don't let an agent or the
+        # operator's ~/.ssh/config inject other identities (newer
+        # OpenSSH otherwise may not reliably present the -i key).
+        "-o", "IdentitiesOnly=yes",
+        "-o", "StrictHostKeyChecking=no",
+        "-o", "UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null",
+        "-o", "LogLevel=ERROR",
+        "-o", "ConnectTimeout=5",
+        f"{GUEST_SSH_USER}@{guest_ip}",
+    ]
+
+
+# PID-1 init injected into every guest. Kept dependency-light: relies
+# only on coreutils + a POSIX shell (present in the Debian-family agent
+# images). The kernel `ip=` cmdline configures eth0 before init runs,
+# so no iproute2 is needed. The per-bottle SSH pubkey arrives base64 on
+# the cmdline; dropbear generates ephemeral host keys with -R.
+_GUEST_INIT = r"""#!/bin/sh
+# bot-bottle Firecracker guest init (PID 1).
+mount -t proc proc /proc 2>/dev/null
+mount -t sysfs sys /sys 2>/dev/null
+mount -t devtmpfs dev /dev 2>/dev/null
+mkdir -p /dev/pts && mount -t devpts devpts /dev/pts 2>/dev/null
+mount -o remount,rw / 2>/dev/null
+
+# Install the per-bottle SSH pubkey from the kernel cmdline.
+KEY=$(sed -n 's/.*bb_pubkey=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/p' /proc/cmdline | base64 -d 2>/dev/null)
+if [ -n "$KEY" ]; then
+    for home in /root /home/node; do
+        mkdir -p "$home/.ssh"
+        printf '%s\n' "$KEY" > "$home/.ssh/authorized_keys"
+        chmod 700 "$home/.ssh"
+        chmod 600 "$home/.ssh/authorized_keys"
+    done
+    chown -R node:node /home/node/.ssh 2>/dev/null || true
+fi
+
+# The rootless rootfs build (`docker export | tar` as a non-root user)
+# can't preserve uid 0, so every path lands owned by the build uid,
+# which maps to `node` (uid 1000) in-guest — including /root. dropbear
+# (like OpenSSH) refuses root's authorized_keys unless the home dir is
+# owned by root, so restore root's ownership of its own home.
+chown -R 0:0 /root 2>/dev/null || true
+
+mkdir -p /etc/dropbear /run
+# -R: generate host keys on demand. -E: log auth failures to stderr,
+# captured in the host-side console.log for debugging.
+/bb-dropbear -R -E -p 22 &
+
+# Reap zombies as PID 1. dropbear is always a child, so `wait` blocks
+# rather than busy-looping.
+while : ; do wait ; done
+"""

bot_bottle/backend/freeze.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"""Freezer — snapshot a running bottle to a resumable artifact.
+
+Follows the same pattern as BottleBackend: a shared base class with
+common post-freeze steps (write committed-image path, mark preserved,
+print resume hint) and backend-specific subclasses in their respective
+backend directories.
+
+Entry points:
+  Freezer.commit(agent)      — freeze by ActiveAgent
+  Freezer.commit_slug(slug)  — convenience wrapper for cmd_commit
+  get_freezer(backend_name)  — factory
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
+
+from . import ActiveAgent
+from ..bottle_state import mark_preserved, write_committed_image
+from ..log import die, info
+
+
+class CommitCancelled(Exception):
+    """Raised by Freezer._freeze when the user declines a confirmation prompt."""
+
+
+class Freezer(ABC):
+    """Freezes a running bottle to a resumable artifact.
+
+    The base class owns the shared post-commit steps:
+      - write_committed_image  — records the artifact path in per-bottle state
+      - mark_preserved         — prevents teardown from removing the state dir
+      - resume hint            — printed to stderr after the snapshot
+
+    Subclasses implement _freeze with the backend-specific snapshot
+    operation and optionally override _export_hint for migration hints.
+    """
+
+    backend_name: str
+
+    def commit(self, agent: ActiveAgent) -> None:
+        """Freeze the bottle for `agent` to a resumable artifact.
+
+        Calls _freeze for the backend-specific snapshot, then writes the
+        committed image reference to per-bottle state and marks the bottle
+        preserved so the next `./cli.py resume` boots from the snapshot.
+
+        Raises CommitCancelled if the user declines an interactive
+        confirmation prompt (e.g. the macos-container stop prompt).
+        """
+        image_ref = self._freeze(agent)
+        write_committed_image(agent.slug, image_ref)
+        mark_preserved(agent.slug)
+        info(f"to resume from this snapshot: ./cli.py resume {agent.slug}")
+        self._export_hint(agent.slug, image_ref)
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def _freeze(self, agent: ActiveAgent) -> str:
+        """Backend-specific snapshot. Returns the image tag or artifact path
+        stored by write_committed_image. Raises CommitCancelled if the user
+        declines a stop-confirmation prompt."""
+
+    def _export_hint(self, slug: str, image_ref: str) -> None:
+        """Optionally print an export-for-migration hint after committing.
+        Overridden by backends that provide a meaningful export command."""
+
+    def commit_slug(self, slug: str) -> None:
+        """Convenience entry for cmd_commit when only a slug is available."""
+        from ..bottle_state import read_metadata
+        metadata = read_metadata(slug)
+        agent = ActiveAgent(
+            backend_name=self.backend_name,
+            slug=slug,
+            agent_name=metadata.agent_name if metadata else "",
+            started_at=metadata.started_at if metadata else "",
+            services=(),
+        )
+        self.commit(agent)
+
+
+def get_freezer(backend_name: str) -> Freezer:
+    """Return the Freezer for the named backend.
+
+    backend_name "" is treated as "docker" for backward compatibility
+    with state dirs written before the backend field was added."""
+    resolved = backend_name or "docker"
+    if resolved == "docker":
+        from .docker.freezer import DockerFreezer
+        return DockerFreezer()
+    if resolved == "macos-container":
+        from .macos_container.freezer import MacosContainerFreezer
+        return MacosContainerFreezer()
+    if resolved == "firecracker":
+        from .firecracker.freezer import FirecrackerFreezer
+        return FirecrackerFreezer()
+    die(
+        f"commit is only supported for docker, macos-container, and "
+        f"firecracker; backend {backend_name!r} has no freezer"
+    )
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+"""macOS Apple Container backend.
+
+Selectable via `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container`. This package owns
+the Apple `container` CLI integration; launch remains gated until the
+sidecar network enforcement shape is implemented.
+"""
+
+from .backend import MacosContainerBottleBackend
+
+__all__ = ["MacosContainerBottleBackend"]

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""MacosContainerBottleBackend — Apple Container implementation."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Generator, Sequence
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
+from .. import ActiveAgent, BottleBackend, BottleSpec
+from . import cleanup as _cleanup
+from . import enumerate as _enumerate
+from . import launch as _launch
+from . import resolve_plan as _resolve_plan
+from . import util as _container
+from .bottle import MacosContainerBottle
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+class MacosContainerBottleBackend(
+    BottleBackend["MacosContainerBottlePlan", "MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan"]
+):
+    """Apple Container backend. Selected by
+    `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container` or
+    `--backend=macos-container`."""
+
+    name = "macos-container"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_available(cls) -> bool:
+        return _container.is_available()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setup(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.setup()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def status(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.status()
+
+    @classmethod
+    def teardown(cls) -> int:
+        from . import setup as _setup
+        return _setup.teardown()
+
+    def _preflight(self) -> None:
+        _resolve_plan.preflight()
+
+    def _build_guest_env(self, resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return _resolve_plan.build_guest_env(resolved_env)
+
+    def _resolve_plan(
+        self,
+        spec: BottleSpec,
+        *,
+        manifest: Manifest,
+        slug: str,
+        resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+        agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+        egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+        git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+        supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+        stage_dir: Path,
+    ) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+        return _resolve_plan.resolve_plan(
+            spec,
+            manifest=manifest,
+            slug=slug,
+            resolved_env=resolved_env,
+            agent_provision_plan=agent_provision_plan,
+            egress_plan=egress_plan,
+            supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+            git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+            stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def launch(
+        self, plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan
+    ) -> Generator[MacosContainerBottle, None, None]:
+        with _launch.launch(plan, provision=self.provision) as bottle:
+            yield bottle
+
+    def prepare_cleanup(self) -> MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan:
+        return _cleanup.prepare_cleanup()
+
+    def cleanup(self, plan: MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+        _cleanup.cleanup(plan)
+
+    def enumerate_active(self) -> Sequence[ActiveAgent]:
+        return _enumerate.enumerate_active()
+
+    def supervise_mcp_url(self, plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> str:
+        return plan.agent_supervise_url

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+"""Bottle handle for Apple's `container` CLI."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from typing import Callable, cast
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode, prompt_args
+from .. import Bottle, ExecResult
+from ..terminal import exec_shell_script
+from . import pty_forward as _pty_forward
+
+
+_PTY_FORWARD_SCRIPT = _pty_forward.__file__
+_TERMINAL_ENV_NAMES = (
+    "TERM",
+    "COLORTERM",
+    "TERM_PROGRAM",
+    "TERM_PROGRAM_VERSION",
+    "KITTY_WINDOW_ID",
+    "KITTY_PID",
+    "WEZTERM_PANE",
+    "WEZTERM_UNIX_SOCKET",
+    "GHOSTTY_BIN_DIR",
+    "GHOSTTY_RESOURCES_DIR",
+    "ITERM_SESSION_ID",
+    "VTE_VERSION",
+    "KONSOLE_VERSION",
+    "ALACRITTY_WINDOW_ID",
+)
+
+
+def _terminal_env_names() -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    return tuple(
+        name for name in _TERMINAL_ENV_NAMES
+        if name == "TERM" or os.environ.get(name)
+    )
+
+
+class MacosContainerBottle(Bottle):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        container: str,
+        teardown: Callable[[], None],
+        prompt_path_in_container: str | None,
+        *,
+        agent_command: str = "claude",
+        agent_prompt_mode: PromptMode = "append_file",
+        agent_provider_template: str = "claude",
+        terminal_title: str = "",
+        terminal_color: str = "",
+        agent_workdir: str = "/home/node",
+    ):
+        self.name = container
+        self._teardown = teardown
+        self.prompt_path = prompt_path_in_container
+        self._agent_prompt_mode = agent_prompt_mode
+        self.agent_command = agent_command
+        self.terminal_title = terminal_title
+        self.terminal_color = terminal_color
+        self.agent_provider_template = agent_provider_template
+        self.agent_workdir = agent_workdir
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def agent_argv(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> list[str]:
+        full_argv = list(argv)
+        full_argv.extend(
+            prompt_args(
+                cast(PromptMode, self._agent_prompt_mode),
+                self.prompt_path,
+                argv=full_argv,
+            )
+        )
+        container_exec = ["container", "exec"]
+        if tty:
+            container_exec.extend(["--interactive", "--tty"])
+            # Forward terminal capability hints so TUIs can enable modified-key
+            # protocols. Use bare env names: values stay in the child env, not
+            # on argv, and pty_forward supplies a TERM fallback when needed.
+            for name in _terminal_env_names():
+                container_exec.extend(["--env", name])
+        if self.agent_workdir and self.agent_workdir != "/home/node":
+            container_exec.extend(["--workdir", self.agent_workdir])
+        container_exec.extend([self.name, self.agent_command, *full_argv])
+        if tty:
+            # Wrap with the raw-mode forwarder: container exec does not put
+            # the host terminal into raw mode itself, so the line discipline
+            # buffers modifier-key sequences until CR.  The wrapper sets raw
+            # mode before exec and restores it on exit.
+            return [sys.executable, _PTY_FORWARD_SCRIPT, "--", *container_exec]
+        return container_exec
+
+    def exec_agent(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> int:
+        agent_argv = self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty)
+        script = (
+            exec_shell_script(agent_argv, self.terminal_title, self.terminal_color)
+            if tty else None
+        )
+        if script is None:
+            return subprocess.run(agent_argv, check=False).returncode
+        return subprocess.run(["sh", "-lc", script], check=False).returncode
+
+    def exec(self, script: str, *, user: str = "node") -> ExecResult:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "exec", "--user", user, "--interactive",
+             self.name, "sh", "-s"],
+            input=script,
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=False,
+        )
+        return ExecResult(
+            returncode=result.returncode,
+            stdout=result.stdout,
+            stderr=result.stderr,
+        )
+
+    def cp_in(self, host_path: str, container_path: str) -> None:
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "cp", host_path, f"{self.name}:{container_path}"],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        self._closed = True
+        self._teardown()

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle_cleanup_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"""Cleanup plan for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from ...log import info
+from .. import BottleCleanupPlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan(BottleCleanupPlan):
+    containers: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    networks: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+    def print(self) -> None:
+        if not self.containers and not self.networks:
+            info("macos-container cleanup: nothing to remove")
+            return
+        for name in self.containers:
+            info(f"macos-container container: {name}")
+        for name in self.networks:
+            info(f"macos-container network: {name}")
+
+    @property
+    def empty(self) -> bool:
+        return not self.containers and not self.networks

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""Plan type for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode
+from .. import BottlePlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class MacosContainerBottlePlan(BottlePlan):
+    slug: str
+    forwarded_env: dict[str, str] = field(repr=False)
+    agent_proxy_url: str = ""
+    agent_git_gate_url: str = ""
+    agent_supervise_url: str = ""
+
+    @property
+    def container_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.instance_name
+
+    @property
+    def image(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.image
+
+    @property
+    def dockerfile_path(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.dockerfile
+
+    @property
+    def prompt_file(self) -> Path:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_file
+
+    @property
+    def agent_command(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.command
+
+    @property
+    def agent_prompt_mode(self) -> PromptMode:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_mode
+
+    @property
+    def agent_provider_template(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.template
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_host(self) -> str:
+        if self.agent_git_gate_url.startswith("http://"):
+            return self.agent_git_gate_url.removeprefix("http://").rstrip("/")
+        return super().git_gate_insteadof_host
+
+    @property
+    def git_gate_insteadof_scheme(self) -> str:
+        if self.agent_git_gate_url.startswith("http://"):
+            return "http"
+        return super().git_gate_insteadof_scheme

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Cleanup for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+
+from ...log import info, warn
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan
+
+_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
+_BUNDLE_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def _list_prefixed_containers() -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "list", "--all", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        warn(f"container list failed: {result.stderr.strip()}")
+        return []
+    return sorted(
+        name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
+        if name.startswith(_PREFIX) or name.startswith(_BUNDLE_PREFIX)
+    )
+
+
+def _list_prefixed_networks() -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "network", "list", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    return sorted(
+        name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
+        if name.startswith(_PREFIX)
+    )
+
+
+def prepare_cleanup() -> MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan:
+    container_mod.require_container()
+    return MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan(
+        containers=tuple(_list_prefixed_containers()),
+        networks=tuple(_list_prefixed_networks()),
+    )
+
+
+def cleanup(plan: MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+    for name in plan.containers:
+        info(f"container delete --force {name}")
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "delete", "--force", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )
+    for name in plan.networks:
+        info(f"container network delete {name}")
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "network", "delete", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/egress_apply.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""Host-side egress apply for the macos-container backend.
+
+Uses `container kill --signal HUP` (Apple Container framework) instead
+of `docker kill` to signal the sidecar bundle.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+
+from ...log import warn
+from ..egress_apply import EgressApplicator, EgressApplyError
+from .launch import sidecar_container_name
+
+
+class MacOSContainerEgressApplicator(EgressApplicator):
+    def _signal_bundle_reload(self, slug: str) -> None:
+        container = sidecar_container_name(slug)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "kill", "--signal", "HUP", container],
+            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False, env=os.environ,
+        )
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            last_error = (result.stderr or "").strip() or (result.stdout or "").strip()
+            warn(
+                f"egress: routes updated on disk for {slug}, but bundle reload failed: "
+                f"{last_error or 'container kill failed'}"
+            )
+            raise EgressApplyError(
+                f"could not reload egress bundle {container}: "
+                f"{last_error or 'container kill failed'}"
+            )
+
+
+applicator = MacOSContainerEgressApplicator()
+
+
+__all__ = ["MacOSContainerEgressApplicator", "EgressApplyError", "applicator"]

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/enumerate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+"""Active-agent enumeration for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+
+from ...bottle_state import read_metadata
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+
+_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
+_SIDECAR_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def enumerate_active() -> list[ActiveAgent]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "list", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    out: list[ActiveAgent] = []
+    for name in sorted(line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines()):
+        if not name.startswith(_PREFIX):
+            continue
+        if name.startswith(_SIDECAR_PREFIX):
+            continue
+        slug = name[len(_PREFIX):]
+        metadata = read_metadata(slug)
+        out.append(ActiveAgent(
+            backend_name="macos-container",
+            slug=slug,
+            agent_name=metadata.agent_name if metadata else "?",
+            started_at=metadata.started_at if metadata else "",
+            services=(),
+            label=metadata.label if metadata else "",
+            color=metadata.color if metadata else "",
+        ))
+    return out

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/freezer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""MacosContainerFreezer — snapshot a macOS container bottle.
+
+Apple Container removes containers when they stop, making stop-then-export
+impossible. Instead, commit_container execs into the running container and
+streams the root filesystem via tar. The bottle continues running after commit.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+from ..freeze import Freezer
+from .util import commit_container
+from ...log import info
+
+
+class MacosContainerFreezer(Freezer):
+    """Freezes a macOS-container bottle via exec-tar + image rebuild."""
+
+    backend_name = "macos-container"
+
+    def _freeze(self, agent: ActiveAgent) -> str:
+        container = f"bot-bottle-{agent.slug}"
+        image_tag = f"bot-bottle-committed-{agent.slug}:latest"
+        commit_container(container, image_tag)
+        return image_tag
+
+    def _export_hint(self, slug: str, image_ref: str) -> None:
+        info(
+            f"to export for migration:      "
+            f"container image save {image_ref} -o {slug}.tar"
+        )

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/launch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+"""Launch flow for the macOS Apple Container backend.
+
+This backend keeps the explicit proxy-env enforcement model for v1:
+the agent container is attached only to a host-only Apple Container
+network, while the sidecar bundle is attached to a NAT network first
+and the host-only network second. The sidecar's host-only IP is
+discovered from `container inspect` and stamped into the agent's
+HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY env vars.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import os
+import subprocess
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Callable, Generator
+
+from ...bottle_state import (
+    egress_state_dir,
+    git_gate_state_dir,
+    read_committed_image,
+)
+from ...egress import (
+    EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER,
+    egress_agent_env_entries,
+    egress_resolve_token_values,
+    egress_sidecar_env_entries,
+)
+from ...git_gate import (
+    provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys,
+    revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys,
+)
+from ...log import die, info, warn
+from ...supervise import DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER, SUPERVISE_PORT
+from ...util import expand_tilde
+from ..docker.egress import EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER, EGRESS_PORT
+from ..docker.git_gate import (
+    GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER,
+    GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
+)
+from ..docker.sidecar_bundle import (
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
+)
+from ..docker.egress import egress_tls_init
+from ..util import AGENT_CA_BUNDLE, AGENT_CA_PATH
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle import MacosContainerBottle
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+_REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
+_AGENT_SLEEP_SECONDS = "2147483647"
+_GIT_HTTP_PORT = 9420
+_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE = "/run/git-gate/ready"
+
+
+def internal_network_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-net-{slug}"
+
+
+def egress_network_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-egress-{slug}"
+
+
+def sidecar_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-sidecars-{slug}"
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def launch(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    *,
+    provision: Callable[[MacosContainerBottlePlan, "MacosContainerBottle"], str | None],
+) -> Generator[MacosContainerBottle, None, None]:
+    """Build, run, provision, and yield an Apple Container bottle."""
+    stack = ExitStack()
+    bottle_for_revoke = plan.manifest.bottle
+    git_gate_dir_for_revoke = git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug)
+
+    def teardown() -> None:
+        teardown_exc: BaseException | None = None
+        try:
+            stack.close()
+        except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: W0718 - teardown must continue
+            teardown_exc = exc
+            warn(f"macos-container teardown failed: {exc!r}")
+        revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(bottle_for_revoke, git_gate_dir_for_revoke)
+        if teardown_exc is not None:
+            raise teardown_exc
+
+    try:
+        plan = _mint_certs(plan)
+        plan = _build_images(plan)
+
+        internal_network = internal_network_name(plan.slug)
+        egress_network = egress_network_name(plan.slug)
+        _create_networks(internal_network, egress_network, stack)
+
+        plan = _provision_git_gate_keys(plan)
+
+        sidecar_name = sidecar_container_name(plan.slug)
+        container_mod.force_remove_container(sidecar_name)
+        _start_sidecar_bundle(plan, sidecar_name, internal_network, egress_network)
+        stack.callback(container_mod.force_remove_container, sidecar_name)
+        _stage_git_gate(plan, sidecar_name)
+
+        sidecar_ip = container_mod.container_ipv4_on_network(
+            sidecar_name, internal_network,
+        )
+        plan = _stamp_agent_urls(plan, sidecar_ip)
+
+        container_mod.force_remove_container(plan.container_name)
+        _start_agent(plan, internal_network, sidecar_ip)
+        stack.callback(container_mod.force_remove_container, plan.container_name)
+
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle(
+            plan.container_name,
+            teardown,
+            None,
+            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
+            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
+            agent_provider_template=plan.agent_provider_template,
+            terminal_title=f"{plan.spec.label} ({plan.spec.agent_name})" if plan.spec.label else plan.spec.agent_name,
+            terminal_color=plan.spec.color,
+            agent_workdir=plan.workspace_plan.workdir,
+        )
+        bottle.prompt_path = provision(plan, bottle)
+
+        yield bottle
+    finally:
+        teardown()
+
+
+def _mint_certs(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    egress_ca_host, egress_ca_cert_only = egress_tls_init(
+        egress_state_dir(plan.slug),
+    )
+    egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
+        plan.egress_plan,
+        mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
+        mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(plan, egress_plan=egress_plan)
+
+
+def _build_images(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    container_mod.build_image(
+        SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
+        _REPO_DIR,
+        dockerfile=SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
+    )
+    committed = read_committed_image(plan.slug)
+    if committed and container_mod.image_exists(committed):
+        info(f"using committed image {committed!r}")
+        return dataclasses.replace(
+            plan,
+            agent_provision=dataclasses.replace(
+                plan.agent_provision,
+                image=committed,
+            ),
+        )
+    container_mod.build_image(
+        plan.image,
+        _REPO_DIR,
+        dockerfile=plan.dockerfile_path,
+    )
+    return plan
+
+
+def _create_networks(
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+    stack: ExitStack,
+) -> None:
+    container_mod.create_network(internal_network, internal=True)
+    stack.callback(container_mod.remove_network, internal_network)
+    container_mod.create_network(egress_network)
+    stack.callback(container_mod.remove_network, egress_network)
+
+
+def _start_sidecar_bundle(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_name: str,
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+) -> None:
+    argv = _sidecar_run_argv(plan, sidecar_name, internal_network, egress_network)
+    effective_env = {**dict(os.environ), **plan.agent_provision.provisioned_env}
+    token_values = egress_resolve_token_values(
+        plan.egress_plan.token_env_map, effective_env,
+    )
+    env = {**os.environ, **token_values}
+    info(f"container run sidecar bundle {sidecar_name}")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        argv, capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container run for sidecar bundle {sidecar_name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def _start_agent(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    internal_network: str,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> None:
+    argv = _agent_run_argv(plan, internal_network, sidecar_ip)
+    env = {
+        **os.environ,
+        **plan.forwarded_env,
+    }
+    info(f"container run agent {plan.container_name}")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        argv, capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container run for agent {plan.container_name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def _stamp_agent_urls(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    proxy_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    supervise_url = ""
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        supervise_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{SUPERVISE_PORT}/"
+    git_gate_url = ""
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        git_gate_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{_GIT_HTTP_PORT}"
+    return dataclasses.replace(
+        plan,
+        agent_proxy_url=proxy_url,
+        agent_git_gate_url=git_gate_url,
+        agent_supervise_url=supervise_url,
+    )
+
+
+def _provision_git_gate_keys(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    if not plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        return plan
+    git_gate_plan = provision_git_gate_dynamic_keys(
+        plan.manifest.bottle,
+        plan.git_gate_plan,
+        git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug),
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(plan, git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan)
+
+
+def _stage_git_gate(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan, sidecar_name: str) -> None:
+    gp = plan.git_gate_plan
+    if not gp.upstreams:
+        return
+
+    container_mod.exec_container(
+        sidecar_name,
+        [
+            "mkdir",
+            "-p",
+            str(Path(GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+            GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
+            "/git",
+            str(Path(_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE).parent),
+        ],
+    )
+
+    for host_path, container_path in _git_gate_files(plan):
+        container_mod.copy_into_container(
+            sidecar_name, host_path, container_path,
+        )
+
+    container_mod.exec_container(
+        sidecar_name,
+        [
+            "sh",
+            "-c",
+            "chmod 755 "
+            f"{GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER} "
+            f"{GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER} "
+            f"{GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER} && "
+            f"chmod 600 {GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/* && "
+            f"touch {_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE}",
+        ],
+    )
+
+
+def _git_gate_files(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+) -> tuple[tuple[str, str], ...]:
+    gp = plan.git_gate_plan
+    files: list[tuple[str, str]] = [
+        (str(gp.entrypoint_script), GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER),
+        (str(gp.hook_script), GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER),
+        (str(gp.access_hook_script), GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER),
+    ]
+    for upstream in gp.upstreams:
+        files.append((
+            expand_tilde(upstream.identity_file),
+            f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{upstream.name}-key",
+        ))
+        if upstream.known_hosts_file:
+            files.append((
+                str(upstream.known_hosts_file),
+                f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{upstream.name}-known_hosts",
+            ))
+    return tuple(files)
+
+
+def _sidecar_run_argv(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_name: str,
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+) -> list[str]:
+    argv = [
+        "container", "run",
+        "--name", sidecar_name,
+        "--detach",
+        "--rm",
+        "--network", egress_network,
+        "--network", internal_network,
+        "--dns", _sidecar_dns(),
+        "--env", f"BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS={','.join(_sidecar_daemons(plan))}",
+    ]
+    for entry in _sidecar_env_entries(plan):
+        argv += ["--env", entry]
+    for host_path, container_path, read_only in _sidecar_mounts(plan):
+        argv += ["--mount", _mount_spec(host_path, container_path, read_only)]
+    argv.append(SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE)
+    return argv
+
+
+def _agent_run_argv(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    internal_network: str,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> list[str]:
+    argv = [
+        "container", "run",
+        "--name", plan.container_name,
+        "--detach",
+        "--network", internal_network,
+    ]
+    for entry in _agent_env_entries(plan, sidecar_ip):
+        argv += ["--env", entry]
+    argv += [plan.image, "sleep", _AGENT_SLEEP_SECONDS]
+    return argv
+
+
+def _sidecar_dns() -> str:
+    return container_mod.dns_server()
+
+
+def _sidecar_daemons(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    daemons = ["egress"]
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        daemons += ["git-gate", "git-http"]
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        daemons.append("supervise")
+    return tuple(daemons)
+
+
+def _sidecar_env_entries(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    env: list[str] = list(egress_sidecar_env_entries(plan.egress_plan))
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        env.append(f"BOT_BOTTLE_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE={_GIT_GATE_READY_FILE}")
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        env += [
+            f"SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG={plan.slug}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_DB_PATH={DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_PORT={SUPERVISE_PORT}",
+        ]
+    return tuple(env)
+
+
+def _sidecar_mounts(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+) -> tuple[tuple[str, str, bool], ...]:
+    mounts: list[tuple[str, str, bool]] = []
+
+    ep = plan.egress_plan
+    mounts.append((
+        str(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path.parent),
+        str(Path(EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+        False,
+    ))
+    if ep.routes:
+        mounts.append((
+            str(ep.routes_path.parent),
+            str(Path(EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+            True,
+        ))
+
+    sp = plan.supervise_plan
+    if sp is not None:
+        # `container run --mount type=bind` only accepts directory
+        # sources (a file source fails with "is not a directory") —
+        # mount db_path's dedicated parent dir instead of the file
+        # itself, same as the CA/routes mounts above.
+        mounts.append((
+            str(sp.db_path.parent),
+            str(Path(DB_PATH_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+            False,
+        ))
+
+    return tuple(mounts)
+
+def _mount_spec(host_path: str, container_path: str, read_only: bool) -> str:
+    spec = f"type=bind,source={host_path},target={container_path}"
+    if read_only:
+        spec += ",readonly"
+    return spec
+
+
+def _agent_env_entries(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    proxy_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    no_proxy = _agent_no_proxy(plan, sidecar_ip)
+    env = [
+        f"HTTPS_PROXY={proxy_url}",
+        f"HTTP_PROXY={proxy_url}",
+        f"https_proxy={proxy_url}",
+        f"http_proxy={proxy_url}",
+        f"NO_PROXY={no_proxy}",
+        f"no_proxy={no_proxy}",
+        f"NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS={AGENT_CA_PATH}",
+        f"SSL_CERT_FILE={AGENT_CA_BUNDLE}",
+        f"REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE={AGENT_CA_BUNDLE}",
+    ]
+    if plan.agent_git_gate_url:
+        env.append(f"GIT_GATE_URL={plan.agent_git_gate_url}")
+    if plan.agent_supervise_url:
+        env.append(f"MCP_SUPERVISE_URL={plan.agent_supervise_url}")
+    for name, value in sorted(plan.agent_provision.guest_env.items()):
+        env.append(f"{name}={value}")
+    for name in sorted(plan.forwarded_env.keys()):
+        env.append(name)
+    env.extend(egress_agent_env_entries(plan.egress_plan))
+    return tuple(env)
+
+
+def _agent_no_proxy(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan, sidecar_ip: str) -> str:
+    hosts = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1", sidecar_ip]
+    return ",".join(hosts)

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/pty_forward.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Host-side raw-mode wrapper for `container exec --interactive --tty`.
+
+Apple's `container exec --interactive --tty` does not set the host terminal to
+raw mode before starting its I/O relay.  Without raw mode the kernel line
+discipline buffers modifier-key escape sequences (e.g. Shift+Enter in
+modifyOtherKeys mode produces \\x1b[13;2~) until a carriage-return arrives, so
+they never reach Claude Code inside the container.
+
+This module sets the host terminal to raw mode, spawns the inner argv (the
+container exec command), and restores the original terminal attributes on
+exit.  When stdin is not a TTY (piped invocations, CI) it falls through to a
+bare subprocess.run so callers do not need to special-case non-interactive
+contexts.
+
+Usage (the `--` separator is the API contract — everything after it is the
+inner command):
+
+    python pty_forward.py -- container exec --interactive --tty <name> <cmd>
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import termios
+import tty
+
+
+def _inner_env() -> dict[str, str]:
+    env = dict(os.environ)
+    env.setdefault("TERM", "xterm-256color")
+    return env
+
+
+def _run_inner(inner: list[str]) -> int:
+    return subprocess.run(inner, check=False, env=_inner_env()).returncode
+
+
+def main(argv: list[str]) -> int:
+    """Entry point.  ``argv`` shape: ``-- <inner-argv...>``."""
+    if len(argv) < 2 or argv[0] != "--":
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "usage: python pty_forward.py -- <container-exec-argv...>\n"
+        )
+        return 2
+    inner = argv[1:]
+
+    try:
+        fd = sys.stdin.fileno()
+    except OSError:
+        return _run_inner(inner)
+
+    if not os.isatty(fd):
+        return _run_inner(inner)
+
+    try:
+        old = termios.tcgetattr(fd)
+    except termios.error:
+        return _run_inner(inner)
+
+    try:
+        tty.setraw(fd)
+        return _run_inner(inner)
+    finally:
+        termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/resolve_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+"""Prepare step for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from ...manifest import Manifest
+from .. import BottleSpec
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+def preflight() -> None:
+    container_mod.require_container()
+
+
+def build_guest_env(resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return dict(resolved_env.literals)
+
+
+def resolve_plan(
+    spec: BottleSpec,
+    manifest: Manifest,
+    slug: str,
+    resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+    agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+    egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+    supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+    git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+    stage_dir: Path,
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    return MacosContainerBottlePlan(
+        spec=spec,
+        manifest=manifest,
+        stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        slug=slug,
+        forwarded_env=dict(resolved_env.forwarded),
+        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+        egress_plan=egress_plan,
+        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+        agent_provision=agent_provision_plan,
+    )

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/setup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""Host setup + status for the macOS Apple Container backend.
+
+Like Docker, this backend needs no privileged network-pool provisioning
+— it wants Apple's `container` CLI installed and its system service
+running. `setup()` points at the install/`container system start` steps;
+`status()` reports readiness. Reached via
+`MacosContainerBottleBackend.setup` / `.status`, dispatched from the
+generic `./cli.py backend {setup,status}`.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+
+from . import util as _container
+
+
+def _service_running() -> bool:
+    if shutil.which("container") is None:
+        return False
+    return subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "system", "status"],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
+    ).returncode == 0
+
+
+def setup() -> int:
+    if not _container.is_macos():
+        sys.stderr.write("macos-container backend requires macOS.\n")
+        return 1
+    if shutil.which("container") is None:
+        sys.stderr.write("Apple Container is required but was not found on PATH.\n")
+        sys.stderr.write("Install: https://github.com/apple/container/releases\n")
+        return 1
+    if not _service_running():
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            "Apple Container is installed but its system service isn't "
+            "running. Start it with: container system start\n"
+        )
+        return 1
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "macos-container backend: ready — no privileged host setup required.\n"
+    )
+    return 0
+
+
+def teardown() -> int:
+    sys.stderr.write(
+        "macos-container backend: nothing to undo — it provisions no "
+        "privileged host state. The Apple Container CLI and its system "
+        "service are left as-is (stop the service yourself with "
+        "`container system stop` if you want).\n"
+    )
+    return 0
+
+
+def status() -> int:
+    ok = True
+    if _container.is_macos():
+        sys.stderr.write("host: macOS\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("host: NOT macOS (backend unsupported here)\n")
+        ok = False
+    if shutil.which("container") is not None:
+        sys.stderr.write("container CLI on PATH: yes\n")
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write("container CLI on PATH: NO\n")
+        ok = False
+    if ok:
+        sys.stderr.write(
+            f"container system service: {'running' if _service_running() else 'NOT running'}\n"
+        )
+        if not _service_running():
+            ok = False
+    if not ok:
+        sys.stderr.write("\nRun: ./cli.py backend setup --backend=macos-container\n")
+    return 0 if ok else 1

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
+"""Host-side primitives for Apple's `container` CLI."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import os
+import ipaddress
+import platform
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+from typing import Iterable
+
+from ...log import die, info
+
+
+_CONTAINER = "container"
+_DEFAULT_DNS = "1.1.1.1"
+
+
+def is_macos() -> bool:
+    return platform.system() == "Darwin"
+
+
+def is_available() -> bool:
+    return is_macos() and shutil.which(_CONTAINER) is not None
+
+
+def require_container() -> None:
+    """Fail with an install pointer if Apple Container is unavailable."""
+    if not is_macos():
+        info("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container requires macOS.")
+        die("macos-container backend is only supported on macOS")
+    if shutil.which(_CONTAINER) is None:
+        info("Apple Container is required but was not found on PATH.")
+        info("Install: https://github.com/apple/container/releases")
+        die("container not found")
+    _require_container_service()
+
+
+def _require_container_service() -> None:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "system", "status"],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        info("Apple Container system service is not running.")
+        info("Start it with: container system start")
+        die("container system service not running")
+
+
+def dns_server() -> str:
+    override = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_MACOS_CONTAINER_DNS", "").strip()
+    if override:
+        return override
+    return _host_ipv4_dns() or _DEFAULT_DNS
+
+
+def build_image(ref: str, context: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> None:
+    """Build an OCI image with Apple's BuildKit-backed `container build`."""
+    info(
+        f"building image {ref} from {context} with Apple Container "
+        "(layer cache keeps repeat builds fast)"
+    )
+    _ensure_builder_dns()
+    args = [_CONTAINER, "build", "-t", ref, "--dns", dns_server()]
+    if dockerfile:
+        # `container build` resolves -f relative to the current working
+        # directory, not the build context. Anchor a relative Dockerfile to
+        # the context so builds work from any cwd.
+        if not os.path.isabs(dockerfile):
+            dockerfile = os.path.join(context, dockerfile)
+        args.extend(["-f", dockerfile])
+    args.append(context)
+    subprocess.run(args, check=True)
+
+
+def commit_container(container_name: str, image_tag: str) -> None:
+    """Snapshot a running Apple Container as a local image.
+
+    `container export` requires a stopped container, but Apple Container
+    removes containers when they stop, making stop-then-export impossible.
+    Instead, exec into the running container as root and stream the root
+    filesystem out via tar, then build a new image from that archive.
+    The bottle continues running after commit.
+    """
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="bot-bottle-container-commit.") as tmp:
+        rootfs_tar = os.path.join(tmp, "rootfs.tar")
+        dockerfile = os.path.join(tmp, "Dockerfile")
+        with open(rootfs_tar, "wb") as tar_out:
+            result = subprocess.run(
+                [
+                    _CONTAINER, "exec",
+                    "--user", "root",
+                    container_name,
+                    "tar", "--create",
+                    "--exclude=./proc",
+                    "--exclude=./sys",
+                    "--exclude=./dev",
+                    "--exclude=./run",
+                    "--file=-",
+                    "--directory=/",
+                    ".",
+                ],
+                stdout=tar_out,
+                stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+                check=False,
+            )
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            die(
+                f"container exec tar {container_name!r} failed: "
+                f"{(result.stderr or b'').decode().strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+            )
+        with open(dockerfile, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+            f.write(
+                "FROM scratch\n"
+                "ADD rootfs.tar /\n"
+                "USER node\n"
+                "WORKDIR /home/node\n"
+            )
+        build_image(image_tag, tmp, dockerfile=dockerfile)
+    info(f"committed {container_name!r} → {image_tag!r}")
+
+
+def _ensure_builder_dns() -> None:
+    dns = dns_server()
+    status = _builder_status()
+    override = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_MACOS_CONTAINER_DNS", "").strip()
+    if _builder_running(status) and _builder_resolves_build_hosts():
+        if override and not _builder_has_dns(status, dns):
+            _restart_builder_with_dns(dns)
+        return
+    _restart_builder_with_dns(dns)
+
+
+def _restart_builder_with_dns(dns: str) -> None:
+    subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "builder", "stop"],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "builder", "start", "--dns", dns],
+        check=True,
+    )
+
+
+def _host_ipv4_dns() -> str:
+    if not is_macos():
+        return ""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["scutil", "--dns"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return ""
+    blocks: list[list[str]] = []
+    current: list[str] = []
+    for line in result.stdout.splitlines():
+        if line.startswith("resolver #") and current:
+            blocks.append(current)
+            current = []
+        current.append(line)
+    if current:
+        blocks.append(current)
+    for direct_only in (True, False):
+        for block in blocks:
+            text = "\n".join(block)
+            if direct_only and "Directly Reachable Address" not in text:
+                continue
+            for line in block:
+                if "nameserver[" not in line or ":" not in line:
+                    continue
+                candidate = line.split(":", 1)[1].strip()
+                if _usable_ipv4(candidate):
+                    return candidate
+    return ""
+
+
+def _usable_ipv4(value: str) -> bool:
+    try:
+        address = ipaddress.ip_address(value)
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
+    return (
+        address.version == 4
+        and not address.is_loopback
+        and not address.is_link_local
+        and not address.is_multicast
+        and not address.is_unspecified
+    )
+
+
+def _builder_status() -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "builder", "status", "--format", "json"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(result.stdout or "[]")
+    except json.JSONDecodeError:
+        return []
+    if isinstance(data, list):
+        return [entry for entry in data if isinstance(entry, dict)]
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        return [data]
+    return []
+
+
+def _builder_running(status: list[dict[str, object]]) -> bool:
+    for entry in status:
+        entry_status = entry.get("status")
+        if isinstance(entry_status, dict) and entry_status.get("state") == "running":
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def _builder_dns_nameservers(status: list[dict[str, object]]) -> list[str]:
+    out: list[str] = []
+    for entry in status:
+        config = entry.get("configuration")
+        config_dns = config.get("dns") if isinstance(config, dict) else None
+        nameservers = (
+            config_dns.get("nameservers")
+            if isinstance(config_dns, dict)
+            else None
+        )
+        if not isinstance(nameservers, list):
+            continue
+        out.extend(name for name in nameservers if isinstance(name, str))
+    return out
+
+
+def _builder_has_dns(status: list[dict[str, object]], dns: str) -> bool:
+    return dns in _builder_dns_nameservers(status)
+
+
+def _builder_resolves_build_hosts() -> bool:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "exec", "buildkit", "getent", "hosts", "deb.debian.org"],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    return result.returncode == 0
+
+
+def image_exists(ref: str) -> bool:
+    return _silent_run([_CONTAINER, "image", "inspect", ref]) == 0
+
+
+def container_exists(name: str) -> bool:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "list", "--all", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return False
+    return name in {line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines()}
+
+
+def container_is_running(name: str) -> bool:
+    """Return True if the named container is currently running.
+
+    `container list` without `--all` lists only running containers."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "list", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return False
+    return name in {line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines()}
+
+
+def stop_container(name: str) -> None:
+    """Stop the named container without deleting it."""
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "stop", name],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container stop {name!r} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def force_remove_container(name: str) -> None:
+    if container_exists(name):
+        subprocess.run(
+            [_CONTAINER, "delete", "--force", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )
+
+
+def copy_into_container(name: str, host_path: str, container_path: str) -> None:
+    cmd = [_CONTAINER, "cp", host_path, f"{name}:{container_path}"]
+    result = _run_container_op(cmd)
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container cp into {name}:{container_path} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def exec_container(name: str, argv: list[str]) -> None:
+    result = _run_container_op([_CONTAINER, "exec", name, *argv])
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container exec in {name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def _run_container_op(cmd: list[str]) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        cmd,
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    for _ in range(19):
+        if result.returncode == 0:
+            return result
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            cmd,
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=False,
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+def create_network(name: str, *, internal: bool = False) -> None:
+    args = [
+        _CONTAINER, "network", "create",
+        "--label", "bot-bottle.backend=macos-container",
+    ]
+    if internal:
+        args.append("--internal")
+    args.append(name)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        args, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode == 0:
+        return
+    if "already exists" in (result.stderr or "").lower():
+        return
+    die(
+        f"container network create {name} failed: "
+        f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+    )
+
+
+def remove_network(name: str) -> None:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "network", "delete", name],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return
+
+
+def inspect_container(name: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "inspect", name],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container inspect {name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(result.stdout or "[]")
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+        die(f"container inspect {name} returned malformed JSON: {exc}")
+    if isinstance(data, list) and data and isinstance(data[0], dict):
+        return data[0]
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        return data
+    die(f"container inspect {name} returned an unexpected shape")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def container_ipv4_on_network(name: str, network: str) -> str:
+    data = inspect_container(name)
+    status = data.get("status")
+    networks = status.get("networks") if isinstance(status, dict) else None
+    if not isinstance(networks, list):
+        die(f"container inspect {name} did not include status.networks")
+    for entry in networks:
+        if not isinstance(entry, dict):
+            continue
+        if entry.get("network") != network:
+            continue
+        raw = entry.get("ipv4Address")
+        if not isinstance(raw, str) or not raw:
+            die(f"container {name} has no IPv4 address on {network}")
+        return raw.split("/", 1)[0]
+    die(f"container {name} is not attached to network {network}")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def image_id(ref: str) -> str:
+    """Return the image digest/ID from `container image inspect`.
+
+    The command returns JSON on current Apple Container releases. Keep
+    parsing narrow and fatal so callers do not cache on an empty key.
+    """
+    import json
+
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "image", "inspect", ref],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container image inspect for {ref!r} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(result.stdout or "{}")
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+        die(f"container image inspect for {ref!r} returned malformed JSON: {exc}")
+    if isinstance(data, list) and data:
+        data = data[0]
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        value = data.get("id") or data.get("digest") or data.get("ID")
+        if value:
+            return str(value)
+    die(f"container image inspect for {ref!r} did not include an image id")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def save(ref: str, output: str) -> None:
+    subprocess.run([_CONTAINER, "image", "save", ref, "-o", output], check=True)
+
+
+def _silent_run(cmd: Iterable[str]) -> int:
+    return subprocess.run(
+        list(cmd),
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    ).returncode

bot_bottle/backend/print_util.py

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 """Shared print helpers for BottlePlan.print implementations.
 
-Lifts the multi-value label printer out of DockerBottlePlan so the
-smolmachines backend (and any future backend) renders the same
-two-column scannable preflight without duplicating the indent
-math."""
+Lifts the multi-value label printer out of DockerBottlePlan so every
+backend (and any future backend) renders the same two-column
+scannable preflight without duplicating the indent math."""
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 

bot_bottle/backend/resolve_common.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+"""Shared helpers used across backends' resolve_plan steps.
+
+Each helper owns one well-defined step of the per-bottle plan
+resolution so the backends don't repeat the same logic.
+Backend-specific steps (container names, env-file, per-bottle
+Dockerfile overrides, subnet allocation) stay in the backend's own
+resolve_plan.py.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+from dataclasses import replace
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ..agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ..bottle_state import (
+    BottleMetadata,
+    agent_state_dir,
+    bottle_identity,
+    egress_state_dir,
+    git_gate_state_dir,
+    supervise_state_dir,
+    write_metadata,
+)
+from ..egress import Egress, EgressPlan
+from ..git_gate import GitGate, GitGatePlan
+from ..manifest import Manifest, ManifestBottle
+from ..supervise import Supervise, SupervisePlan
+from . import BottleSpec
+
+
+def mint_slug(spec: BottleSpec) -> str:
+    """Return the bottle identity: the recorded identity for a resume,
+    or a freshly minted one for a new start.
+
+    When a label is provided it becomes the full slug (no random suffix),
+    so two launches with the same label collide by design.  When no label
+    is given the identity is minted with a random suffix to avoid
+    collisions between anonymous launches of the same agent."""
+    if spec.identity:
+        return spec.identity
+    if spec.label:
+        from .docker import util as docker_mod
+        return docker_mod.slugify(spec.label)
+    return bottle_identity(spec.agent_name)
+
+
+def write_launch_metadata(
+    slug: str, spec: BottleSpec, *, compose_project: str, backend: str,
+) -> None:
+    """Persist launch metadata so `cli.py resume <identity>` can
+    reconstruct the spec. Idempotent — re-writes on resume with a
+    refreshed started_at."""
+    write_metadata(BottleMetadata(
+        identity=slug,
+        agent_name=spec.agent_name,
+        cwd=spec.user_cwd if spec.copy_cwd else "",
+        copy_cwd=spec.copy_cwd,
+        started_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+        compose_project=compose_project,
+        backend=backend,
+        label=spec.label,
+        color=spec.color,
+        bottle_names=spec.bottle_names,
+    ))
+
+
+def prepare_agent_state_dir(slug: str, manifest: Manifest) -> tuple[Path, Path]:
+    """Create the agent state subdir, write the prompt file.
+    Returns (agent_dir, prompt_file)."""
+    agent = manifest.agent
+    agent_dir = agent_state_dir(slug)
+    agent_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    prompt_file = agent_dir / "prompt.txt"
+    prompt_file.write_text(agent.prompt or "")
+    prompt_file.chmod(0o600)
+    return agent_dir, prompt_file
+
+
+def prepare_git_gate(bottle: ManifestBottle, slug: str) -> GitGatePlan:
+    git_gate_dir = git_gate_state_dir(slug)
+    git_gate_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return GitGate().prepare(bottle, slug, git_gate_dir)
+
+
+def prepare_egress(
+    bottle: ManifestBottle, slug: str, provision: AgentProvisionPlan,
+) -> EgressPlan:
+    egress_dir = egress_state_dir(slug)
+    egress_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return Egress().prepare(bottle, slug, egress_dir, provision.egress_routes)
+
+
+def prepare_supervise(bottle: ManifestBottle, slug: str) -> SupervisePlan | None:
+    """Prepare the supervise sidecar state dir. Returns None when
+    bottle.supervise is falsy."""
+    if not bottle.supervise:
+        return None
+    supervise_dir = supervise_state_dir(slug)
+    supervise_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    return Supervise().prepare(slug, supervise_dir)
+
+
+def merge_provision_env_vars(provision: AgentProvisionPlan) -> AgentProvisionPlan:
+    """Fold provision.env_vars into guest_env (setdefault semantics)
+    and return a new plan with the merged guest_env."""
+    merged = dict(provision.guest_env)
+    for key, val in provision.env_vars.items():
+        merged.setdefault(key, val)
+    return replace(provision, guest_env=merged)
+
+
+def resolve_manifest_dockerfile(path_value: str, spec: BottleSpec) -> str:
+    """Resolve a manifest-supplied dockerfile path relative to user_cwd."""
+    path = Path(os.path.expanduser(path_value))
+    if not path.is_absolute():
+        path = Path(spec.user_cwd) / path
+    return str(path)
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "merge_provision_env_vars",
+    "mint_slug",
+    "prepare_agent_state_dir",
+    "prepare_egress",
+    "prepare_git_gate",
+    "prepare_supervise",
+    "resolve_manifest_dockerfile",
+    "write_launch_metadata",
+]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/__init__.py

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-"""smolmachines bottle backend (PRD 0023).
-
-Selectable via `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines`. Runs each
-bottle inside a per-agent microVM (libkrun / Hypervisor.framework
-on macOS) with a userspace gvproxy gateway as the egress
-primitive. The sidecar bundle (PRD 0024) runs as a host-side
-docker container reached only through gvproxy's port-forward list.
-
-Chunk 1 (this commit) ships the backend skeleton + Smolfile +
-gvproxy renderers + preflight check. VM lifecycle, sidecar
-bringup, and provisioning land in later chunks."""
-
-from .backend import SmolmachinesBottleBackend  # noqa: F401
-
-__all__ = ["SmolmachinesBottleBackend"]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/backend.py

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-"""SmolmachinesBottleBackend — the smolmachines implementation of
-BottleBackend (PRD 0023)."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Generator, Sequence
-
-from .. import ActiveAgent, BottleBackend, BottleSpec
-from . import cleanup as _cleanup
-from . import enumerate as _enumerate
-from . import launch as _launch
-from . import prepare as _prepare
-from . import smolvm as _smolvm
-from .bottle import SmolmachinesBottle
-from .bottle_cleanup_plan import SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan
-from .bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-from .provision import ca as _ca
-from .provision import git as _git
-from .provision import prompt as _prompt
-from .provision import provider_auth as _provider_auth
-from .provision import skills as _skills
-from .provision import supervise as _supervise
-from .provision import workspace as _workspace
-
-
-class SmolmachinesBottleBackend(
-    BottleBackend["SmolmachinesBottlePlan", "SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan"]
-):
-    """smolmachines backend. Selected by
-    `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines`."""
-
-    name = "smolmachines"
-
-    @classmethod
-    def is_available(cls) -> bool:
-        """`smolvm` on PATH. The backend additionally needs macOS
-        for libkrun + TSI, but `enumerate_active` / `cleanup` are
-        host-shell ops that gracefully no-op on Linux too — the
-        runtime check happens at `prepare`."""
-        return _smolvm.is_available()
-
-    def _resolve_plan(
-        self, spec: BottleSpec, *, stage_dir: Path
-    ) -> SmolmachinesBottlePlan:
-        return _prepare.resolve_plan(spec, stage_dir=stage_dir)
-
-    @contextmanager
-    def launch(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-    ) -> Generator[SmolmachinesBottle, None, None]:
-        with _launch.launch(plan, provision=self.provision) as bottle:
-            yield bottle
-
-    def provision_ca(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _ca.provision_ca(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_prompt(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> str | None:
-        return _prompt.provision_prompt(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_provider_auth(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _provider_auth.provision_provider_auth(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_skills(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _skills.provision_skills(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_workspace(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _workspace.provision_workspace(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_git(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _git.provision_git(plan, target)
-
-    def provision_supervise(
-        self, plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str
-    ) -> None:
-        _supervise.provision_supervise(plan, target)
-
-    def prepare_cleanup(self) -> SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan:
-        return _cleanup.prepare_cleanup()
-
-    def cleanup(self, plan: SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
-        _cleanup.cleanup(plan)
-
-    def enumerate_active(self) -> Sequence[ActiveAgent]:
-        return _enumerate.enumerate_active()

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/bottle.py

@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-"""SmolmachinesBottle — running-instance handle (PRD 0023 chunk 2d).
-
-Routes `exec_agent` / `exec` / `cp_in` through `smolvm machine
-exec` / `smolvm machine cp`. The handle is yielded by `launch`
-and torn down via the surrounding ExitStack on context exit;
-`close` is a no-op idempotent alias so the BottleBackend ABC's
-context-manager contract is satisfied.
-
-User context: `smolvm machine exec` runs commands as root in the
-VM, but the agent image's USER is `node` and agent CLIs may refuse
-to run as root in bypass modes. Both
-`exec_agent` and `exec` switch to the requested user (default
-`node`) via `runuser -u <user> --` and set `HOME` / `USER`
-through `smolvm -e` — avoiding `runuser -l`'s login-shell wiring
-(PAM session setup, /etc/profile sourcing) which can hang on a
-minimal Debian VM with no PAM session config."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import subprocess
-import sys
-from typing import Mapping
-
-from ...agent_provider import PromptMode, prompt_args
-from .. import Bottle, ExecResult
-from . import pty_resize as _pty_resize
-from . import smolvm as _smolvm
-
-
-# Absolute path to the pty_resize wrapper. Invoke as
-# `python <path>` rather than `python -m <dotted-path>` so the
-# wrapper runs regardless of cwd / sys.path — it has no
-# bot_bottle.* imports, so it's self-contained.
-_PTY_RESIZE_SCRIPT = _pty_resize.__file__
-
-
-# Per-user env the agent image's USER (node) expects. Some providers
-# write session state under the user's home directory;
-# bare `runuser -u` inherits root's HOME=/root, which claude
-# can't write to. Set HOME / USER explicitly through smolvm -e
-# so the child process sees them.
-_HOME_FOR = {
-    "node": "/home/node",
-    "root": "/root",
-}
-
-
-def _env_assignments_for(user: str, env: Mapping[str, str]) -> list[str]:
-    home = _HOME_FOR.get(user, f"/home/{user}")
-    out = [f"HOME={home}", f"USER={user}"]
-    for k, v in env.items():
-        out.append(f"{k}={v}")
-    return out
-
-
-class SmolmachinesBottle(Bottle):
-    """Handle returned by `SmolmachinesBottleBackend.launch`. The
-    underlying VM lifecycle (create / start / stop / delete) lives
-    on the launch ExitStack — this class only routes runtime
-    operations to the right `smolvm machine ...` subcommand."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        machine_name: str,
-        *,
-        prompt_path: str | None = None,
-        guest_env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-        agent_command: str = "claude",
-        agent_prompt_mode: PromptMode = "append_file",
-    ) -> None:
-        self.name = machine_name
-        # In-VM path to the agent's prompt file. None when the
-        # agent declared no prompt (file still exists; we just
-        # don't pass --append-system-prompt-file).
-        self._prompt_path = prompt_path
-        # Env vars the agent process needs (HTTPS_PROXY,
-        # CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN, manifest-declared bottle env, …).
-        # Forwarded on every `smolvm machine exec` via `-e K=V`
-        # because exec doesn't inherit from machine_create's env.
-        self._guest_env = dict(guest_env or {})
-        self._agent_prompt_mode = agent_prompt_mode
-        self.agent_command = agent_command
-        self.agent_provider_template = (
-            "codex" if agent_command == "codex" else "claude"
-        )
-
-    def agent_argv(
-        self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True,
-    ) -> list[str]:
-        flags = ["smolvm", "machine", "exec", "--name", self.name]
-        if tty:
-            flags += ["-i", "-t"]
-        agent_tail = ["env", *_env_assignments_for("node", self._guest_env),
-                      self.agent_command]
-        provider_prompt_args = prompt_args(
-            self._agent_prompt_mode, self._prompt_path, argv=argv,
-        )
-        if self._agent_prompt_mode == "read_prompt_file":
-            agent_tail += argv
-            agent_tail += provider_prompt_args
-        else:
-            agent_tail += provider_prompt_args
-            agent_tail += argv
-        flags += ["--", "runuser", "-u", "node", "--", *agent_tail]
-        if not tty:
-            # No PTY allocated — no SIGWINCH to forward, no resize
-            # bridge needed. Skip the wrapper so non-interactive
-            # exec paths (e.g., provisioning shell-outs that
-            # happen to go through this method) stay light.
-            return flags
-        return [
-            sys.executable, _PTY_RESIZE_SCRIPT,
-            self.name, "--", *flags,
-        ]
-
-    def exec_agent(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> int:
-        """Run the selected agent interactively inside the VM as the `node`
-        user. Inherits the operator's terminal (stdin / stdout /
-        stderr) so the session feels native. Blocks until the agent
-        exits; returns the in-VM exit code.
-
-        We bypass the captured-output `machine_exec` helper here
-        because that one wraps stdout/stderr in pipes — fine for
-        scripted exec, wrong for an interactive shell. Drop down
-        to `subprocess.run` with the TTY inherited.
-
-        UID switches via `runuser -u node --` (not `-l`) so we
-        avoid login-shell wiring. HOME / USER come from `smolvm
-        -e` instead, which sets them on the process env."""
-        return subprocess.run(
-            self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty), check=False,
-        ).returncode
-
-    def exec(self, script: str, *, user: str = "node") -> ExecResult:
-        """Run a POSIX shell script as `user` (default `node`) and
-        capture the result. Matches the docker backend's `exec`,
-        which defaults to the image's USER (also node) — so test
-        helpers / provision shell-outs run with the same identity
-        on both backends. Pass `user="root"` for tests that need
-        root.
-
-        `runuser -u <user> -- env ... /bin/sh -c <script>` switches UID
-        without invoking a login shell, then sets HOME / USER and the
-        bottle env in the child process."""
-        argv = [
-            "--", "runuser", "-u", user, "--",
-            "env", *_env_assignments_for(user, self._guest_env),
-            "/bin/sh", "-c", script,
-        ]
-        # Call smolvm directly because this path needs the host-side
-        # subprocess capture shape used by the Docker backend.
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            ["smolvm", "machine", "exec", "--name", self.name] + argv,
-            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-        )
-        return ExecResult(
-            returncode=r.returncode,
-            stdout=r.stdout or "",
-            stderr=r.stderr or "",
-        )
-
-    def cp_in(self, host_path: str, container_path: str) -> None:
-        """Copy a host path into the guest at `container_path`."""
-        _smolvm.machine_cp(host_path, f"{self.name}:{container_path}")
-
-    def close(self) -> None:
-        # Real teardown lives on the launch ExitStack; this is just
-        # the idempotent alias the BottleBackend ABC expects.
-        pass

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/bottle_cleanup_plan.py

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-"""SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan — concrete BottleCleanupPlan (issue #77).
-
-Tracks the resources `SmolmachinesBottleBackend.cleanup` will
-remove:
-
-  - machines:  smolvm machines whose name starts with
-               `bot-bottle-` (running or stopped). Stopped +
-               deleted via `smolvm machine stop` + `machine delete -f`.
-  - bundles:   docker containers `bot-bottle-sidecars-<slug>`
-               left over from a smolmachines bottle (the bundle's
-               port-forwards stay published on lo0 aliases until
-               the container is gone). Removed via `docker rm -f`.
-  - networks:  docker networks `bot-bottle-bundle-<slug>`
-               attached to the bundles. Removed via
-               `docker network rm`.
-
-Smolmachines state dirs live under the same `~/.bot-bottle/state/`
-path the docker backend uses; the docker backend's
-`prepare_cleanup` already enumerates orphan state dirs and is the
-single source of truth for that bucket (consults
-`enumerate_active_bottles()` so it doesn't reap a live
-smolmachines bottle's dir)."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import sys
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-
-from ...log import info
-from .. import BottleCleanupPlan
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan(BottleCleanupPlan):
-    """Resources SmolmachinesBottleBackend.cleanup will remove.
-    Produced by `prepare_cleanup`; sorted so the y/N output is
-    stable."""
-
-    machines: tuple[str, ...] = ()
-    bundles: tuple[str, ...] = ()
-    networks: tuple[str, ...] = ()
-
-    @property
-    def empty(self) -> bool:
-        return not self.machines and not self.bundles and not self.networks
-
-    def print(self) -> None:
-        print(file=sys.stderr)
-        for name in self.machines:
-            info(f"smolvm machine:  {name}")
-        for name in self.bundles:
-            info(f"bundle container:{name}")
-        for name in self.networks:
-            info(f"bundle network:  {name}")
-        print(file=sys.stderr)

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/bottle_plan.py

@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-"""SmolmachinesBottlePlan — concrete BottlePlan for the smolmachines
-backend (PRD 0023).
-
-Slug + bundle docker subnet / gateway / pinned IP + smolvm
-machine name + agent `.smolmachine` artifact + per-bottle guest
-env. Provisioning fields (CA cert path, prompt path, etc.) land
-in chunk 4."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...agent_provider import PromptMode
-from ...pipelock import PipelockProxyPlan
-from .. import BottlePlan
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class SmolmachinesBottlePlan(BottlePlan):
-    """Resolved fields the launch step needs to bring up the bottle.
-
-    Inherits `spec`, `stage_dir`, `git_gate_plan`, `egress_plan`,
-    `supervise_plan`, and `agent_provision` from BottlePlan."""
-
-    slug: str
-    # Per-bottle docker subnet for the sidecar bundle container.
-    # The bundle runs at `bundle_ip` (always `.2`); the gateway is
-    # at `.1`. smolvm's TSI allowlist is set to `bundle_ip/32`.
-    bundle_subnet: str
-    bundle_gateway: str
-    bundle_ip: str
-    # smolvm machine name + agent image source. machine_create
-    # boots from a packed `.smolmachine` artifact (pre-baked at
-    # prepare time via `smolvm pack create`); using `--from`
-    # instead of `--image` avoids the registry-pull race we hit
-    # when machine_start tried to fetch on-demand and the libkrun
-    # agent's network attempt got refused by macOS.
-    #
-    # Chunk 2d ships with a public placeholder image (alpine)
-    # since bot-bottle-claude:latest lives in the operator's local
-    # docker daemon and smolvm's crane backend can't read from
-    # there; chunk 4 resolves the agent-image-conversion gap
-    # (push to a registry first, or smolvm grows a docker-daemon
-    # transport).
-    machine_name: str
-    # Agent image ref (docker tag). `launch` runs the
-    # build → save → registry push → smolvm pack pipeline against
-    # this and feeds the resulting `.smolmachine` artifact to
-    # `machine_create --from`. The pipeline runs at launch time
-    # (not prepare time) so the docker build output doesn't garble
-    # the dashboard's preflight modal.
-    agent_image_ref: str
-    # In-guest env vars (HTTPS_PROXY etc) — IP-literal URLs since
-    # the guest has no DNS resolver inside the TSI allowlist.
-    # Passed to `smolvm machine create` as `-e K=V` flags.
-    # Smolfile-rendering is gone (smolvm 0.8.0's
-    # `--smolfile` is mutually exclusive with `--from`, and
-    # `--from` is the path that avoids the registry-pull race).
-    guest_env: dict[str, str]
-    # Path to the agent's prompt file on the host. Always written
-    # (mode 0o600) so the in-VM path always exists; the file is
-    # empty when the agent has no prompt — claude-code reads it
-    # via --append-system-prompt-file only when non-empty.
-    prompt_file: Path
-    # Inner Plans for the sidecar bundle daemons. The same shape the
-    # docker backend uses — same `.prepare()` calls produced
-    # them — but our launch step doesn't populate the
-    # docker-specific network fields (internal_network,
-    # egress_network) because the smolmachines bundle isn't on
-    # docker's `--internal` + egress bridge topology; it's on a
-    # per-bottle bridge with a pinned IP. The unused fields stay
-    # at their dataclass defaults.
-    proxy_plan: PipelockProxyPlan
-    # Agent-side endpoints. On Docker Desktop the docker bridge
-    # IPs aren't reachable from the smolvm guest (TSI uses macOS
-    # networking; docker container IPs live in the daemon's VM),
-    # so the agent dials the bundle via host loopback +
-    # docker-published random ports. Empty at prepare time;
-    # launch populates these after bundle bringup via
-    # `dataclasses.replace`. Format: a `host:port` for git-gate
-    # (insteadOf URL prefix) + full URLs for proxy / supervise.
-    agent_proxy_url: str = ""
-    agent_git_gate_host: str = ""
-    agent_supervise_url: str = ""
-
-    @property
-    def agent_command(self) -> str:
-        return self.agent_provision.command
-
-    @property
-    def agent_prompt_mode(self) -> PromptMode:
-        return self.agent_provision.prompt_mode
-
-    @property
-    def agent_provider_template(self) -> str:
-        return self.agent_provision.template
-
-    @property
-    def agent_dockerfile_path(self) -> str:
-        return self.agent_provision.dockerfile

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/cleanup.py

@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-"""Cleanup + active-listing for the smolmachines backend (issue #77).
-
-`prepare_cleanup` enumerates leftover smolmachines resources:
-
-  - smolvm machines (`smolvm machine ls --json`) whose name starts
-    with `bot-bottle-`.
-  - bundle docker containers (`bot-bottle-sidecars-<slug>`).
-  - bundle docker networks (`bot-bottle-bundle-<slug>`).
-
-State dirs live under `~/.bot-bottle/state/<identity>/` —
-shared layout with the docker backend, which has the single
-orphan-state-dir enumerator (it already consults
-`enumerate_active_agents()` so a live smolmachines bottle's dir
-is preserved).
-
-`cleanup` removes everything in the plan: stop + delete each VM,
-force-rm each container, rm each network. Each step is
-best-effort — a failure on one resource doesn't block the others."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import json
-import subprocess
-
-from ...log import info, warn
-from . import sidecar_bundle as _bundle
-from . import smolvm as _smolvm
-from .bottle_cleanup_plan import SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan
-
-
-# Both names start with the same prefix the launcher uses.
-_VM_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
-_BUNDLE_PREFIX = _bundle.bundle_container_name("")          # `bot-bottle-sidecars-`
-_NETWORK_PREFIX = _bundle.bundle_network_name("")           # `bot-bottle-bundle-`
-
-
-def prepare_cleanup() -> SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan:
-    """Enumerate every smolmachines-owned resource on the host.
-    No side effects. Returns an empty plan when smolvm isn't on
-    PATH (no machines to reap) — `cleanup` is a no-op in that
-    case too."""
-    machines = _list_bot_bottle_machines()
-    bundles = _list_bundle_containers()
-    networks = _list_bundle_networks()
-    return SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan(
-        machines=tuple(sorted(machines)),
-        bundles=tuple(sorted(bundles)),
-        networks=tuple(sorted(networks)),
-    )
-
-
-def cleanup(plan: SmolmachinesBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
-    """Remove everything in the plan. Order matters: stop VMs
-    first (they hold ports on lo0 aliases via libkrun), then the
-    bundle containers (which hold the host port-forwards), then
-    the networks (which docker won't reap until the containers
-    are gone)."""
-    for name in plan.machines:
-        info(f"stopping smolvm machine {name}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["smolvm", "machine", "stop", "--name", name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=False,
-        )
-        info(f"deleting smolvm machine {name}")
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            ["smolvm", "machine", "delete", "-f", name],
-            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-        )
-        if r.returncode != 0:
-            warn(
-                f"smolvm machine delete -f {name} failed: "
-                f"{(r.stderr or '').strip()}"
-            )
-
-    for name in plan.bundles:
-        info(f"removing bundle container {name}")
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "rm", "-f", name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-            check=False,
-        )
-
-    for name in plan.networks:
-        info(f"removing bundle network {name}")
-        r = subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "network", "rm", name],
-            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-        )
-        if r.returncode != 0 and "no such network" not in (r.stderr or "").lower():
-            warn(
-                f"docker network rm {name} failed: "
-                f"{(r.stderr or '').strip()}"
-            )
-
-
-def _list_bot_bottle_machines() -> list[str]:
-    """All smolvm machines named `bot-bottle-*`, regardless of
-    state (running / stopped / created). Empty when smolvm isn't
-    installed."""
-    if not _smolvm.is_available():
-        return []
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["smolvm", "machine", "ls", "--json"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        return []
-    try:
-        machines = json.loads(r.stdout or "[]")
-    except json.JSONDecodeError:
-        return []
-    return [
-        m["name"] for m in machines
-        if isinstance(m, dict)
-        and m.get("name", "").startswith(_VM_PREFIX)
-    ]
-
-
-def _list_bundle_containers() -> list[str]:
-    """All docker containers named `bot-bottle-sidecars-*`,
-    running or stopped. Empty when docker isn't installed."""
-    # Late import: `backend/__init__` imports this module
-    # transitively via the smolmachines backend.
-    from .. import has_backend
-    if not has_backend("docker"):
-        return []
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "ps", "-a",
-         "--filter", f"name=^{_BUNDLE_PREFIX}",
-         "--format", "{{.Names}}"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        return []
-    return [
-        line for line in (r.stdout or "").splitlines()
-        if line and line.startswith(_BUNDLE_PREFIX)
-    ]
-
-
-def _list_bundle_networks() -> list[str]:
-    """All docker networks named `bot-bottle-bundle-*`. Empty
-    when docker isn't installed."""
-    from .. import has_backend
-    if not has_backend("docker"):
-        return []
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "network", "ls",
-         "--filter", f"name={_NETWORK_PREFIX}",
-         "--format", "{{.Name}}"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        return []
-    return [
-        line for line in (r.stdout or "").splitlines()
-        if line and line.startswith(_NETWORK_PREFIX)
-    ]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/enumerate.py

@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-"""Active-agent enumeration for the smolmachines backend (PRD
-0023 chunk 4 follow-up + issue #77).
-
-Returns a list of `ActiveAgent` records — same shape the docker
-backend produces — so CLI `list active` and the dashboard agents
-pane render both backends through one code path.
-
-A smolmachines agent is "active" when its smolvm guest is
-running. We cross-reference against the per-bottle sidecar
-bundle container to populate the `services` field (which daemons
-are up in the bundle); without a bundle we still surface the VM
-so the operator can see + clean it up.
-
-The cross-backend caller gates on `has_backend("smolmachines")`
-and `has_backend("docker")`, so this module assumes both are
-available when called. Both subprocess calls below still
-tolerate "command not on PATH" defensively, but the gate is the
-intended access pattern."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import json
-import subprocess
-
-from .. import ActiveAgent
-from ..docker.bottle_state import read_metadata
-from . import sidecar_bundle as _bundle
-
-
-# Smolvm VM names produced by prepare are `bot-bottle-<slug>`,
-# matching the bundle container name pattern. We use the prefix
-# both as a filter and to strip back to the slug.
-_VM_NAME_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
-
-
-def enumerate_active() -> list[ActiveAgent]:
-    """All currently-running smolmachines-backed agents. Empty
-    list when no matching VMs are running. Caller is responsible
-    for gating on `has_backend('smolmachines')` if needed; if
-    smolvm is missing the `smolvm machine ls` call below returns
-    nothing silently."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["smolvm", "machine", "ls", "--json"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        return []
-    try:
-        machines = json.loads(result.stdout or "[]")
-    except json.JSONDecodeError:
-        return []
-    services_by_slug = _query_bundle_services()
-    out: list[ActiveAgent] = []
-    for m in machines:
-        name = m.get("name") or ""
-        state = m.get("state") or ""
-        if state != "running" or not name.startswith(_VM_NAME_PREFIX):
-            continue
-        slug = name[len(_VM_NAME_PREFIX):]
-        metadata = read_metadata(slug)
-        out.append(ActiveAgent(
-            backend_name="smolmachines",
-            slug=slug,
-            agent_name=metadata.agent_name if metadata else "?",
-            started_at=metadata.started_at if metadata else "",
-            services=services_by_slug.get(slug, ()),
-        ))
-    return out
-
-
-def _query_bundle_services() -> dict[str, tuple[str, ...]]:
-    """`{slug: ('egress', 'pipelock', ...)}` from each running
-    bundle container's `BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS` env var.
-    Smolmachines bundles all run the PRD-0024 image with the
-    same daemon set declared via env, so one inspect per bundle
-    gets us the picture without exec'ing into the container.
-
-    Returns an empty mapping when the docker backend isn't
-    available — the bundle services field on each ActiveAgent
-    just shows up empty, matching the docker backend's "starting"
-    state."""
-    # Late import: `has_backend` lives on the backend package's
-    # __init__, which imports this module transitively. Pulling
-    # the name in at call time sidesteps the cycle.
-    from .. import has_backend
-    if not has_backend("docker"):
-        return {}
-    ps = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "ps",
-         "--filter", "name=" + _bundle.bundle_container_name(""),
-         "--format", "{{.Names}}"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if ps.returncode != 0:
-        return {}
-    out: dict[str, tuple[str, ...]] = {}
-    for line in (ps.stdout or "").splitlines():
-        name = line.strip()
-        if not name:
-            continue
-        slug = name.removeprefix(_bundle.bundle_container_name(""))
-        if not slug:
-            continue
-        inspect = subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "inspect", name, "--format", "{{json .Config.Env}}"],
-            capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-        )
-        if inspect.returncode != 0:
-            continue
-        try:
-            env_list = json.loads(inspect.stdout or "[]")
-        except json.JSONDecodeError:
-            continue
-        for entry in env_list:
-            key, _, value = entry.partition("=")
-            if key == "BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS":
-                out[slug] = tuple(sorted(
-                    d for d in value.split(",") if d
-                ))
-                break
-    return out

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/launch.py

@@ -1,471 +0,0 @@
-"""End-to-end launch flow for the smolmachines backend
-(PRD 0023 chunks 2d + 4b).
-
-Brings up the per-bottle docker bridge + sidecar bundle (with
-real daemons + their config files), creates + starts the smolvm
-guest pointed at the bundle's pinned IP via TSI's
-`--allow-cidr <bundle-ip>/32` allowlist, yields a
-`SmolmachinesBottle` handle, tears everything down on context
-exit.
-
-The bundle's daemons consume the inner Plans the docker backend
-already produces: pipelock reads its yaml + CA from the
-PipelockProxyPlan; egress reads routes + CAs from the EgressPlan
-+ EGRESS_UPSTREAM_PROXY pointing at `127.0.0.1:8888` (bundle
-local), since the agent dials pipelock first (not egress) on the
-smolmachines path. Git-gate + supervise plumb through the same
-plans the docker backend uses, minus the docker-network fields
-that don't apply here."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import dataclasses
-import os
-from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Callable, Generator
-
-from ...egress import (
-    EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER,
-    egress_resolve_token_values,
-)
-from ...pipelock import (
-    PIPELOCK_CA_CERT_IN_CONTAINER,
-    PIPELOCK_CA_KEY_IN_CONTAINER,
-)
-from ...supervise import QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER, SUPERVISE_PORT
-from ...util import expand_tilde
-from ..docker import util as docker_mod
-from ..docker.egress import (
-    EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER,
-    EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER,
-    EGRESS_PORT as _EGRESS_PORT,
-    egress_tls_init,
-)
-from ..docker.git_gate import (
-    GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
-    GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
-    GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER,
-    GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER,
-)
-from ..docker.pipelock import (
-    BUNDLE_LOCAL_PIPELOCK_URL,
-    PIPELOCK_PORT as _PIPELOCK_PORT_STR,
-    pipelock_tls_init,
-)
-from . import loopback_alias as _loopback
-from . import sidecar_bundle as _bundle
-from . import smolvm as _smolvm
-from .bottle import SmolmachinesBottle
-from .bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-from .local_registry import crane_push_tarball, ephemeral_registry
-
-
-# Repo root, used as the `docker build` context for the agent image.
-_REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
-
-
-# Per-host cache for `smolvm pack create` outputs. Keyed by the
-# docker image ID so a Dockerfile change automatically invalidates
-# the cache. `pack create` is idempotent on the smolvm side but
-# takes several seconds even on a no-op rebuild.
-_SMOLMACHINE_CACHE_DIR = Path.home() / ".cache" / "bot-bottle" / "smolmachines"
-
-
-# Container-internal listening ports for each bundle daemon. The
-# bundle publishes each one on a random host loopback port (see
-# `_bundle.start_bundle`), and `_bundle.bundle_host_port` looks
-# them up post-start. Pipelock's port is an env-overridable string
-# in docker.pipelock; coerce to int here.
-_PIPELOCK_PORT = int(_PIPELOCK_PORT_STR)
-_GIT_HTTP_PORT = 9420
-_SUPERVISE_PORT = SUPERVISE_PORT
-
-
-@contextmanager
-def launch(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan,
-    *,
-    provision: Callable[[SmolmachinesBottlePlan, str], str | None],
-) -> Generator[SmolmachinesBottle, None, None]:
-    """Build + run the bottle and yield a handle; tear everything
-    down on exit. Errors during bringup unwind any partial state
-    via the ExitStack."""
-    stack = ExitStack()
-    try:
-        loopback_ip, network = _allocate_resources(plan, stack)
-        plan = _mint_certs(plan)
-        plan = _start_bundle(plan, network, loopback_ip, stack)
-        plan = _discover_urls(plan, loopback_ip)
-
-        # Build the agent image and pack it into a `.smolmachine`
-        # artifact (or hit the per-Dockerfile-digest cache). Runs
-        # here, not in prepare, so the docker-build output doesn't
-        # garble the dashboard's preflight modal.
-        agent_from_path = _ensure_smolmachine(
-            plan.agent_image_ref,
-            dockerfile=plan.agent_dockerfile_path,
-        )
-
-        _launch_vm(plan, agent_from_path, loopback_ip, stack)
-        _init_vm(plan)
-
-        prompt_path = provision(plan, plan.machine_name)
-
-        yield SmolmachinesBottle(
-            plan.machine_name,
-            prompt_path=prompt_path,
-            guest_env=plan.guest_env,
-            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
-            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
-        )
-    finally:
-        stack.close()
-
-
-def _allocate_resources(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan,
-    stack: ExitStack,
-) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """Reserve a loopback alias and create the per-bottle docker bridge.
-
-    macOS only routes 127.0.0.1 by default; the per-bottle alias
-    scopes TSI's allowlist to this bottle's published ports so the
-    agent can't reach other bottles' or host services' ports on
-    loopback. No-op on Linux."""
-    _loopback.ensure_pool()
-    loopback_ip = _loopback.allocate(plan.slug)
-    network = _bundle.bundle_network_name(plan.slug)
-    _bundle.create_bundle_network(network, plan.bundle_subnet, plan.bundle_gateway)
-    stack.callback(_bundle.remove_bundle_network, network)
-    return loopback_ip, network
-
-
-def _mint_certs(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan) -> SmolmachinesBottlePlan:
-    """Mint per-bottle CAs and return the plan with CA paths filled.
-
-    Pipelock always runs in the bundle. Egress's CA is only minted
-    when the bottle declares routes — otherwise egress runs idle
-    without MITM and the CA files would be unused."""
-    ca_cert_host, ca_key_host = pipelock_tls_init(plan.proxy_plan.yaml_path.parent)
-    proxy_plan = dataclasses.replace(
-        plan.proxy_plan,
-        ca_cert_host_path=ca_cert_host,
-        ca_key_host_path=ca_key_host,
-    )
-    egress_plan = plan.egress_plan
-    if egress_plan.routes:
-        egress_ca_host, egress_ca_cert_only = egress_tls_init(
-            plan.egress_plan.routes_path.parent,
-        )
-        egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
-            egress_plan,
-            mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
-            mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
-            pipelock_ca_host_path=ca_cert_host,
-            # On smolmachines, egress's upstream is pipelock on the
-            # bundle's localhost — they're in the same container's
-            # network namespace.
-            pipelock_proxy_url=BUNDLE_LOCAL_PIPELOCK_URL,
-        )
-    return dataclasses.replace(plan, proxy_plan=proxy_plan, egress_plan=egress_plan)
-
-
-def _start_bundle(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan,
-    network: str,
-    loopback_ip: str,
-    stack: ExitStack,
-) -> SmolmachinesBottlePlan:
-    """Build the BundleLaunchSpec, resolve token env, start the
-    sidecar bundle container, and register teardown."""
-    bundle_spec = _bundle_launch_spec(plan, network, loopback_ip)
-    token_env = _resolve_token_env(plan, dict(os.environ))
-    _bundle.ensure_bundle_image(bundle_spec.image)
-    _bundle.start_bundle(bundle_spec, env={**os.environ, **token_env})
-    stack.callback(_bundle.stop_bundle, plan.slug)
-    return plan
-
-
-def _discover_urls(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan,
-    loopback_ip: str,
-) -> SmolmachinesBottlePlan:
-    """Discover host-side ports for published container ports and
-    return the plan with URLs + guest_env stamped in.
-
-    Docker container IPs (192.168.x.x in the daemon's bridge)
-    aren't reachable from the smolvm guest on macOS — TSI uses
-    macOS networking, and macOS sees the daemon's bridge via the
-    published-port loopback forward only.
-
-    Proxy hop order: when the bottle declares egress routes, the
-    agent's first hop is egress (for token injection), then
-    pipelock. Without routes, the agent dials pipelock directly.
-    NO_PROXY includes the per-bottle loopback alias so the
-    supervise + git-gate URLs bypass HTTPS_PROXY."""
-    if plan.egress_plan.routes:
-        agent_facing_port = _EGRESS_PORT
-    else:
-        agent_facing_port = _PIPELOCK_PORT
-    agent_facing_host_port = _bundle.bundle_host_port(
-        plan.slug, agent_facing_port, host_ip=loopback_ip,
-    )
-    agent_proxy_url = f"http://{loopback_ip}:{agent_facing_host_port}"
-
-    agent_git_gate_host = ""
-    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
-        git_gate_host_port = _bundle.bundle_host_port(
-            plan.slug, _GIT_HTTP_PORT, host_ip=loopback_ip,
-        )
-        agent_git_gate_host = f"{loopback_ip}:{git_gate_host_port}"
-
-    agent_supervise_url = ""
-    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
-        supervise_host_port = _bundle.bundle_host_port(
-            plan.slug, _SUPERVISE_PORT, host_ip=loopback_ip,
-        )
-        agent_supervise_url = f"http://{loopback_ip}:{supervise_host_port}/"
-
-    existing_no_proxy = plan.guest_env.get("NO_PROXY", "localhost,127.0.0.1")
-    guest_env = {
-        **plan.guest_env,
-        "HTTPS_PROXY": agent_proxy_url,
-        "HTTP_PROXY":  agent_proxy_url,
-        "NO_PROXY":    f"{existing_no_proxy},{loopback_ip}",
-    }
-    if agent_git_gate_host:
-        guest_env["GIT_GATE_URL"] = f"http://{agent_git_gate_host}"
-    if agent_supervise_url:
-        guest_env["MCP_SUPERVISE_URL"] = agent_supervise_url
-
-    return dataclasses.replace(
-        plan,
-        guest_env=guest_env,
-        agent_proxy_url=agent_proxy_url,
-        agent_git_gate_host=agent_git_gate_host,
-        agent_supervise_url=agent_supervise_url,
-    )
-
-
-def _launch_vm(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan,
-    agent_from_path: Path,
-    loopback_ip: str,
-    stack: ExitStack,
-) -> None:
-    """Create, patch, and start the smolvm VM; register teardown.
-
-    --allow-cidr is the per-bottle loopback alias so the guest can
-    only reach this bottle's bundle ports. force_allowlist patches
-    smolvm 0.8.0's silent-drop of --allow-cidr when combined with
-    --from. Smolfile isn't usable here — smolvm 0.8.0 makes --from
-    and --smolfile mutually exclusive."""
-    _smolvm.machine_create(
-        plan.machine_name,
-        from_path=agent_from_path,
-        allow_cidrs=[f"{loopback_ip}/32"],
-        env=plan.guest_env,
-    )
-    stack.callback(_smolvm.machine_delete, plan.machine_name)
-    # Workaround smolvm 0.8.0: `--allow-cidr` is silently dropped
-    # when combined with `--from`. Patch the persisted state DB
-    # before start so the booted VM's TSI actually enforces.
-    _loopback.force_allowlist(plan.machine_name, [f"{loopback_ip}/32"])
-    _smolvm.machine_start(plan.machine_name)
-    stack.callback(_smolvm.machine_stop, plan.machine_name)
-
-
-def _init_vm(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan) -> None:
-    """Repair filesystem ownership and wait for exec channel readiness.
-
-    Ownership repair: smolvm's pack process remaps files to the host
-    invoker's uid (501 on macOS). /home/node must be node:node so
-    Claude Code can write ~/.claude.json; /tmp + /var/tmp need root
-    mode 1777 so non-root processes can create per-uid scratch dirs.
-    All folded into one sh -c to avoid back-to-back exec calls
-    immediately after machine_start (libkrun exec-channel race).
-
-    wait_exec_ready polls until the exec channel is ready for the
-    subsequent provision calls, replacing the empirical sleep."""
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(plan.machine_name, [
-        "sh", "-c",
-        "chown -R node:node /home/node && "
-        "chown root:root /tmp /var/tmp && "
-        "chmod 1777 /tmp /var/tmp",
-    ])
-    _smolvm.wait_exec_ready(plan.machine_name)
-
-
-def _bundle_launch_spec(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, network: str, loopback_ip: str,
-) -> _bundle.BundleLaunchSpec:
-    """Build a BundleLaunchSpec from the resolved inner Plans.
-
-    Daemons in the CSV:
-      - egress + pipelock are always present (pipelock is the
-        agent's first hop; egress is its upstream).
-      - git-gate + git-http are conditional on plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams.
-      - supervise is conditional on plan.supervise_plan.
-
-    Env + volumes are the union of the sidecar daemons' needs, with
-    daemon-private values only (HTTPS_PROXY is scoped to the
-    egress process by egress_entrypoint.sh — see PRD 0024's bundle
-    bind-address PR)."""
-    daemons: list[str] = ["egress", "pipelock"]
-    env: list[str] = []
-    volumes: list[tuple[str, str, bool]] = []
-
-    # In this Docker-Desktop-compatible topology, whichever daemon
-    # is "agent-facing" gets its port published on the host
-    # loopback (see `_ensure_smolmachine`'s discovery loop) and the
-    # other stays bundle-internal. The bundle is NOT reachable by
-    # bridge IP from the smolvm guest on macOS — TSI uses macOS
-    # networking, and macOS sees the daemon's bridge via the
-    # published-port loopback forward only.
-
-    # --- pipelock ---------------------------------------------
-    pp = plan.proxy_plan
-    volumes += [
-        (str(pp.yaml_path), "/etc/pipelock.yaml", True),
-        (str(pp.ca_cert_host_path), PIPELOCK_CA_CERT_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-        (str(pp.ca_key_host_path), PIPELOCK_CA_KEY_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-    ]
-
-    # --- egress -----------------------------------------------
-    ep = plan.egress_plan
-    if ep.routes:
-        env.append(f"EGRESS_UPSTREAM_PROXY={ep.pipelock_proxy_url}")
-        env.append(f"EGRESS_UPSTREAM_CA={EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER}")
-        volumes += [
-            (str(ep.routes_path), EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-            (str(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path), EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-            (str(ep.pipelock_ca_host_path), EGRESS_PIPELOCK_CA_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-        ]
-        # Bare-name entries for upstream-token slots. Their values
-        # come from the docker-run subprocess env (inherited from
-        # the operator's shell), never landing on argv.
-        for token_env in sorted(ep.token_env_map.keys()):
-            env.append(token_env)
-
-    # --- git-gate ---------------------------------------------
-    gp = plan.git_gate_plan
-    if gp.upstreams:
-        daemons += ["git-gate", "git-http"]
-        volumes += [
-            (str(gp.entrypoint_script), GIT_GATE_ENTRYPOINT_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-            (str(gp.hook_script), GIT_GATE_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-            (str(gp.access_hook_script), GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK_IN_CONTAINER, True),
-        ]
-        for u in gp.upstreams:
-            keypath = expand_tilde(u.identity_file)
-            volumes.append((
-                keypath,
-                f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{u.name}-key",
-                True,
-            ))
-            if u.known_hosts_file:
-                volumes.append((
-                    str(u.known_hosts_file),
-                    f"{GIT_GATE_CREDS_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}/{u.name}-known_hosts",
-                    True,
-                ))
-
-    # --- supervise --------------------------------------------
-    sp = plan.supervise_plan
-    if sp is not None:
-        daemons.append("supervise")
-        env += [
-            f"SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG={plan.slug}",
-            f"SUPERVISE_QUEUE_DIR={QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}",
-            f"SUPERVISE_PORT={SUPERVISE_PORT}",
-        ]
-        volumes.append((str(sp.queue_dir), QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER, False))
-
-    # Container ports the agent reaches from the smolvm guest —
-    # published on host loopback so the guest can dial via TSI +
-    # macOS networking. The HTTP/HTTPS chokepoint is whichever
-    # daemon's port we publish: egress when routes are declared
-    # (token injection first, then forwards to bundle-internal
-    # pipelock), pipelock otherwise.
-    if ep.routes:
-        ports_to_publish: list[int] = [_EGRESS_PORT]
-    else:
-        ports_to_publish = [_PIPELOCK_PORT]
-    if gp.upstreams:
-        ports_to_publish.append(_GIT_HTTP_PORT)
-    if sp is not None:
-        ports_to_publish.append(_SUPERVISE_PORT)
-
-    return _bundle.BundleLaunchSpec(
-        slug=plan.slug,
-        network_name=network,
-        subnet=plan.bundle_subnet,
-        gateway=plan.bundle_gateway,
-        bundle_ip=plan.bundle_ip,
-        daemons_csv=",".join(daemons),
-        environment=tuple(env),
-        volumes=tuple(volumes),
-        ports_to_publish=tuple(ports_to_publish),
-        publish_host_ip=loopback_ip,
-    )
-
-
-def _resolve_token_env(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, host_env: dict[str, str],
-) -> dict[str, str]:
-    """Resolve the egress token env-var values from the host's
-    environ so they reach the bundle's process env via docker's
-    `-e NAME` inheritance. Empty when no routes declare auth."""
-    effective_env = {**host_env, **plan.agent_provision.provisioned_env}
-    return egress_resolve_token_values(plan.egress_plan.token_env_map, effective_env)
-
-
-def _ensure_smolmachine(image_ref: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> Path:
-    """Build the agent docker image and convert it into a
-    `.smolmachine` artifact, caching the result under
-    `~/.cache/bot-bottle/smolmachines/` keyed by the docker image
-    ID (so a Dockerfile change automatically invalidates the cache).
-
-    Returns the `.smolmachine.smolmachine` sidecar path — that's
-    the file `machine create --from` consumes (pack create produces
-    a launcher binary at `.smolmachine` plus the sidecar alongside
-    it; the sidecar is the actual artifact).
-
-    Conversion path: `docker build` (the existing layer cache
-    makes no-change rebuilds cheap) → `docker save` to a tarball
-    → spin up an ephemeral registry on a private docker network →
-    `crane push --insecure` from a one-shot container on the same
-    network → `smolvm pack create --image localhost:<host port>/...`
-    → tear down the registry + network. The crane push detour
-    sidesteps the Docker-Desktop daemon's HTTPS preference for
-    non-loopback registries — see the `local_registry` module
-    docstring for the gory details.
-
-    Each pack-create costs several seconds even on a hot cache,
-    so we skip the whole pipeline when the cached sidecar is
-    already on disk for this image ID."""
-    _SMOLMACHINE_CACHE_DIR.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    docker_mod.build_image(image_ref, _REPO_DIR, dockerfile=dockerfile)
-    # `sha256:abcd...` -> `abcd...` first 16 chars: short enough to
-    # keep filenames manageable, long enough to make collisions
-    # astronomically unlikely.
-    digest = docker_mod.image_id(image_ref).split(":", 1)[-1][:16]
-    binary = _SMOLMACHINE_CACHE_DIR / f"{digest}.smolmachine"
-    sidecar = _SMOLMACHINE_CACHE_DIR / f"{digest}.smolmachine.smolmachine"
-    if sidecar.is_file():
-        return sidecar
-    tarball = _SMOLMACHINE_CACHE_DIR / f"{digest}.image.tar"
-    docker_mod.save(image_ref, str(tarball))
-    try:
-        with ephemeral_registry() as handle:
-            push_ref = f"{handle.push_endpoint}/bot-bottle:{digest}"
-            pack_ref = f"{handle.pull_endpoint}/bot-bottle:{digest}"
-            crane_push_tarball(handle, str(tarball), push_ref)
-            _smolvm.pack_create(pack_ref, binary)
-    finally:
-        # Tarball is ~500MB-1GB for the agent image; reclaim once
-        # the smolmachine artifact exists. The artifact itself is
-        # the long-lived cache entry.
-        tarball.unlink(missing_ok=True)
-    return sidecar

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/local_registry.py

@@ -1,234 +0,0 @@
-"""Ephemeral local OCI registry for the smolmachines agent-image
-conversion path (PRD 0023 chunk 4c).
-
-`smolvm pack create --image <ref>` only accepts OCI registry refs
-— it can't read the local docker daemon's image cache, an OCI
-layout directory, or a `docker save` tarball. To convert the
-agent's Dockerfile-built image into a `.smolmachine` artifact we
-spin up a short-lived `registry:2.8.3` container alongside a
-`crane` helper container on a private docker network, push via
-`crane push --insecure <tarball> <registry-container>:5000/...`,
-and let smolvm pull from the registry's published host port. The
-network + both containers are torn down after the pack completes.
-
-Why this two-container dance instead of plain `docker push`:
-- Docker Desktop's daemon runs in its own Linux VM, so its
-  `localhost` is not the host's loopback. A registry bound to
-  the host's 127.0.0.1 is unreachable from the daemon side.
-- `host.docker.internal` is reachable from the daemon but isn't
-  in Docker's default insecure-registries CIDRs (only `::1/128`
-  and `127.0.0.0/8` are), so `docker push` to it tries HTTPS,
-  hits a plain-HTTP registry, and dies with
-  `http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client`. Adding
-  `host.docker.internal` to daemon.json works but is a one-time
-  manual step the user has to do in Docker Desktop's UI.
-- Going through a docker network sidesteps the host-vs-daemon
-  loopback mismatch (crane and registry containers see each
-  other on the network) AND the HTTPS preference (crane has an
-  `--insecure` flag that forces plain HTTP).
-
-The registry is also published on a random host port so smolvm
-— a host process — can pull from `localhost:<port>` via Docker's
-port-forward. smolvm's bundled crane auto-falls-back to HTTP for
-localhost addresses, so no insecure-registries config is needed
-on that side either."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import socket
-import subprocess
-import time
-import uuid
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from typing import Iterator
-
-from ...log import die
-
-
-# registry:2.8.3, pinned by digest. Same env-override pattern as the
-# pipelock image pin in bot_bottle/backend/docker/pipelock.py.
-REGISTRY_IMAGE = os.environ.get(
-    "BOT_BOTTLE_REGISTRY_IMAGE",
-    "registry@sha256:a3d8aaa63ed8681a604f1dea0aa03f100d5895b6a58ace528858a7b332415373",
-)
-
-
-# gcr.io/go-containerregistry/crane:latest, pinned by digest. ~10MB,
-# stable upstream from Google; we only invoke `crane push --insecure`
-# against a localhost-equivalent registry, so the trust surface is
-# narrow.
-CRANE_IMAGE = os.environ.get(
-    "BOT_BOTTLE_CRANE_IMAGE",
-    "gcr.io/go-containerregistry/crane@sha256:0ae17ecb34315aa7cbff28f6eddee3b7adae0b2f90101260d990804db1eb0084",
-)
-
-
-# Internal port the registry binds to inside its container — fixed
-# by the registry:2 image. The host-side mapping is random.
-_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_PORT = "5000"
-
-
-# How long to wait for the registry's HTTP layer to bind before
-# giving up. Two seconds is empirically enough; 10s leaves headroom
-# for slow CI runners without making the failure mode chatty.
-_READY_TIMEOUT_S = 10.0
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class RegistryHandle:
-    """Everything callers need to push to + pull from the ephemeral
-    registry.
-
-    `network` is the per-session docker network — a `crane push`
-    container has to join it to reach the registry by name.
-    `push_endpoint` is the `<host>:<port>` form to embed in image
-    refs given to the crane push container (resolves via docker
-    network DNS). `pull_endpoint` is the `<host>:<port>` form a
-    host process (smolvm) uses; the registry's host port mapping
-    backs this."""
-
-    network: str
-    push_endpoint: str
-    pull_endpoint: str
-
-
-@contextmanager
-def ephemeral_registry() -> Iterator[RegistryHandle]:
-    """Bring up a per-session docker network + a `registry:2.8.3`
-    container on it (published on a random host port), yield a
-    `RegistryHandle`, force-remove both on exit.
-
-    The container is started with `--rm` so a clean exit cleans up
-    on its own; the `finally` block force-removes on abnormal exit
-    (the calling process crashes between yield and close)."""
-    session_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]
-    network = f"bot-bottle-registry-net-{session_id}"
-    registry_name = f"bot-bottle-registry-{session_id}"
-
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "network", "create", network],
-        check=True,
-        capture_output=True,
-    )
-    try:
-        subprocess.run(
-            [
-                "docker", "run", "-d", "--rm",
-                "--name", registry_name,
-                "--network", network,
-                # `-p :5000` (no IP prefix) binds the container's
-                # port 5000 on a random host port across all
-                # interfaces. The host side reaches the registry
-                # via this port — smolvm's `pack create` pulls from
-                # `localhost:<port>` and the docker port-forward
-                # routes there.
-                "-p", _REGISTRY_CONTAINER_PORT,
-                REGISTRY_IMAGE,
-            ],
-            check=True,
-            capture_output=True,
-        )
-        try:
-            port = _host_port(registry_name)
-            _wait_ready(port)
-            yield RegistryHandle(
-                network=network,
-                push_endpoint=f"{registry_name}:{_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_PORT}",
-                pull_endpoint=f"localhost:{port}",
-            )
-        finally:
-            subprocess.run(
-                ["docker", "rm", "-f", registry_name],
-                check=False,
-                capture_output=True,
-            )
-    finally:
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "network", "rm", network],
-            check=False,
-            capture_output=True,
-        )
-
-
-def crane_push_tarball(handle: RegistryHandle, tarball_path: str, ref: str) -> None:
-    """Run `crane push --insecure <tarball> <ref>` inside a one-shot
-    container on the registry's docker network. `ref` should
-    reference the registry by `handle.push_endpoint` so the crane
-    container resolves it via docker network DNS.
-
-    Doesn't go through `docker push` to avoid the Docker-Desktop
-    daemon's HTTPS preference for non-loopback hostnames — crane's
-    `--insecure` flag forces plain HTTP, which is what the
-    registry container speaks."""
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        [
-            "docker", "run", "--rm",
-            "--network", handle.network,
-            "-v", f"{tarball_path}:/img.tar:ro",
-            CRANE_IMAGE,
-            "push", "--insecure", "/img.tar", ref,
-        ],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-        check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        die(
-            f"crane push of {tarball_path!r} to {ref!r} failed: "
-            f"{(r.stderr or r.stdout or '').strip() or '<no output>'}"
-        )
-
-
-def _host_port(name: str) -> int:
-    """Resolve the host-side port docker mapped to the registry's
-    container port. `docker port <name> 5000/tcp` returns one or
-    more `host:port` lines (one per address family) — we take the
-    first."""
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "port", name, f"{_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_PORT}/tcp"],
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-        check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        die(
-            f"docker port {name} {_REGISTRY_CONTAINER_PORT}/tcp failed: "
-            f"{(r.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
-        )
-    # `0.0.0.0:54321\n[::]:54321\n` — split on the last colon to
-    # handle either IPv4 or IPv6 host syntax.
-    line = (r.stdout or "").splitlines()[0].strip()
-    _, _, port_str = line.rpartition(":")
-    try:
-        return int(port_str)
-    except ValueError:
-        die(f"unexpected `docker port` output: {line!r}")
-        return -1  # unreachable; die() never returns
-
-
-def _wait_ready(port: int) -> None:
-    """Block until the registry's HTTP layer accepts a TCP
-    connection on `127.0.0.1:<port>`, or `_READY_TIMEOUT_S`
-    elapses.
-
-    A successful TCP connect is sufficient — registry:2.8.3 binds
-    after it's ready to serve `/v2/` requests, so the push that
-    follows will land on a working server. We probe loopback
-    specifically (not via the docker network) because this helper
-    runs on the host."""
-    deadline = time.monotonic() + _READY_TIMEOUT_S
-    last_err: Exception | None = None
-    while time.monotonic() < deadline:
-        try:
-            with socket.create_connection(("127.0.0.1", port), timeout=0.5):
-                return
-        except OSError as e:
-            last_err = e
-            time.sleep(0.1)
-    die(
-        f"local registry on 127.0.0.1:{port} did not accept "
-        f"connections within {_READY_TIMEOUT_S:.0f}s "
-        f"(last error: {last_err})"
-    )

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/loopback_alias.py

@@ -1,274 +0,0 @@
-"""Per-bottle loopback alias allocation + TSI allowlist
-enforcement (PRD 0023, follow-up to PR #74).
-
-After the pivot to host-loopback port-forwards, the smolmachines
-TSI allowlist was `127.0.0.1/32` — which meant the agent VM could
-reach **any** service bound to macOS's loopback, not just the
-bundle's published ports. Real downgrade from the docker
-backend's `--internal` network isolation.
-
-This module narrows the allowlist by allocating each bottle a
-unique loopback alias (`127.0.0.16` .. `127.0.0.31`). The
-bundle's port-forwards bind to that alias, and the alias's /32
-is what TSI allows.
-
-**Smolvm 0.8.0 quirk + workaround.** `smolvm machine create
---from <smolmachine> --net --allow-cidr X/32` silently drops the
-flag — verified empirically that the agent process's allowlist
-ends up `null` in smolvm's persistent state DB (`~/Library/
-Application Support/smolvm/server/smolvm.db`, `vms` table,
-`data` BLOB), and the booted VM reaches all of `127.0.0.0/8`
-regardless of what we passed. Workaround: after machine_create,
-open the SQLite DB and patch the row's `allowed_cidrs` field
-directly. Smolvm reads the DB at machine_start, so the patched
-value takes effect on boot. Tested: enforcement is real — the
-guest's connect to a non-allowlisted IP fails with `Permission
-denied`. Other paths we tried (machine update, stop-edit-
-agent.config.json-restart, --smolfile, --image localhost:N/...)
-were dead ends.
-
-macOS only configures `127.0.0.1` on `lo0` by default; the
-additional aliases require `sudo ifconfig lo0 alias`. We lazily
-sudo-add the missing pool on first use per boot — the aliases
-persist on `lo0` until reboot, so subsequent launches don't
-prompt.
-
-Linux native daemons share the host's network namespace; the
-whole `127.0.0.0/8` is reachable by default and aliases are
-unnecessary. The pool logic detects native-Linux and skips sudo
-entirely; the DB patch is also gated on macOS.
-
-Allocation is coordinated by inspecting running bundle
-containers' published host IPs — each bottle's bundle owns the
-alias appearing in its port bindings. The lowest-numbered free
-alias gets handed to a new bottle."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import fcntl
-import json
-import os
-import platform
-import re
-import sqlite3
-import subprocess
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Iterable
-
-from ...log import die, info
-
-
-# smolvm's persistent VM state on macOS — a SQLite DB whose `vms`
-# table holds one JSON BLOB per machine. The Linux path is
-# different, but smolmachines is macOS-only in v1 (PRD 0023) so
-# we hard-code this. If the file moves under us we'll see a
-# clear FileNotFoundError; not worth defensive cross-platform
-# detection until the backend actually needs Linux.
-_SMOLVM_DB_PATH = (
-    Path.home()
-    / "Library"
-    / "Application Support"
-    / "smolvm"
-    / "server"
-    / "smolvm.db"
-)
-
-
-# Sixteen aliases by default. Tunable for hosts that want more
-# concurrent bottles (each bottle reserves one alias for its
-# bundle bringup). The range is chosen to avoid the reserved
-# 127.0.0.1/2/3 ports (1 is the default, 2 is sometimes used by
-# CUPS, 3 by other macOS services) and stay well clear of
-# 127.0.0.53 (systemd-resolved) and 127.0.0.54 (libvirt).
-_POOL_START = 16
-_POOL_END = 31  # inclusive
-
-
-# File lock that serialises concurrent allocate() calls so two
-# simultaneous launches can't read the same docker state and claim
-# the same alias. Narrowed to the allocate() call itself; docker run
-# runs after the lock is released. Once the container is running it
-# appears in docker state and future allocate() calls will see it.
-_ALLOC_LOCK_PATH = Path.home() / ".cache" / "bot-bottle" / "smolmachines.lock"
-
-
-# Loopback aliases pool: 127.0.0.<start>..127.0.0.<end>.
-def _pool_addresses() -> list[str]:
-    return [f"127.0.0.{i}" for i in range(_POOL_START, _POOL_END + 1)]
-
-
-def _is_macos() -> bool:
-    return platform.system() == "Darwin"
-
-
-def ensure_pool() -> None:
-    """Make sure each address in the pool is up on `lo0`. Lazily
-    runs `sudo ifconfig lo0 alias <ip>/32 up` for missing entries
-    (sudo prompts once, then the aliases persist on lo0 until
-    reboot). No-op on non-macOS hosts."""
-    if not _is_macos():
-        return
-    missing = [ip for ip in _pool_addresses() if not _alias_present(ip)]
-    if not missing:
-        return
-    info(
-        f"smolmachines needs {len(missing)} loopback alias(es) on lo0 "
-        f"({', '.join(missing[:3])}{', ...' if len(missing) > 3 else ''}) "
-        f"to scope per-bottle TSI allowlists. sudo will prompt once; "
-        f"aliases persist until reboot."
-    )
-    for ip in missing:
-        result = subprocess.run(
-            ["sudo", "-p", "bot-bottle (loopback alias): ",
-             "ifconfig", "lo0", "alias", f"{ip}/32", "up"],
-            check=False,
-        )
-        if result.returncode != 0:
-            die(
-                f"sudo ifconfig lo0 alias {ip} failed (exit "
-                f"{result.returncode}). Re-run with sudo available, "
-                f"or add manually: sudo ifconfig lo0 alias {ip}/32 up"
-            )
-
-
-def force_allowlist(machine_name: str, allowed_cidrs: list[str]) -> None:
-    """Patch smolvm's persistent VM-state DB to set the machine's
-    `allowed_cidrs` to the given list. Workaround for smolvm
-    0.8.0's silent-drop of `--allow-cidr` when used with `--from`.
-
-    Must run AFTER `smolvm machine create` (the row has to
-    exist) and BEFORE `smolvm machine start` (smolvm reads the
-    row on start; in-flight VMs don't pick up changes). Once
-    smolvm honors the CLI flag upstream this whole function is
-    redundant — flag-respecting create + remove this call from
-    launch.
-
-    No-op on non-macOS — the DB path differs and the Linux
-    smolmachines code path isn't exercised in v1."""
-    if not _is_macos():
-        return
-    if not _SMOLVM_DB_PATH.is_file():
-        die(
-            f"smolvm state DB not found at {_SMOLVM_DB_PATH}. "
-            f"smolvm 0.8.0 expected? `smolvm --version` to check."
-        )
-    con = sqlite3.connect(str(_SMOLVM_DB_PATH))
-    try:
-        cur = con.cursor()
-        row = cur.execute(
-            "SELECT data FROM vms WHERE name = ?", (machine_name,),
-        ).fetchone()
-        if row is None:
-            die(
-                f"smolvm DB has no row for machine {machine_name!r} — "
-                f"machine_create must run before force_allowlist."
-            )
-        cfg = json.loads(row[0])
-        cfg["allowed_cidrs"] = list(allowed_cidrs)
-        # Write as BLOB (the column type smolvm uses) — passing a
-        # plain str makes sqlite store it as Text and smolvm then
-        # fails to read it.
-        cur.execute(
-            "UPDATE vms SET data = ? WHERE name = ?",
-            (sqlite3.Binary(json.dumps(cfg).encode()), machine_name),
-        )
-        con.commit()
-    finally:
-        con.close()
-
-
-def allocate(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Pick the lowest-numbered alias from the pool not already
-    in use by a running smolmachines bundle. Bails when the pool
-    is exhausted — the caller should report the limit to the
-    operator. `slug` is logged for traceability; not otherwise
-    used (no on-disk reservation, allocation is purely
-    docker-state-driven).
-
-    On non-macOS the whole `127.0.0.0/8` is loopback by default;
-    `127.0.0.1` is fine to share and we skip the alias dance.
-    This still returns a deterministic address so launch.py's
-    callers don't have to branch on platform.
-
-    An exclusive file lock serialises concurrent calls so two
-    simultaneous launches don't read the same docker state and
-    claim the same alias."""
-    if not _is_macos():
-        return "127.0.0.1"
-    _ALLOC_LOCK_PATH.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    with open(_ALLOC_LOCK_PATH, "w") as lf:
-        fcntl.flock(lf, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
-        return _allocate_locked()
-
-
-def _allocate_locked() -> str:
-    in_use = _aliases_in_use()
-    for ip in _pool_addresses():
-        if ip not in in_use:
-            return ip
-    die(
-        f"smolmachines loopback alias pool exhausted "
-        f"({_POOL_END - _POOL_START + 1} aliases, all in use). "
-        f"Stop a running bottle (`smolvm machine ls --json`) or "
-        f"raise _POOL_END in loopback_alias.py."
-    )
-    return ""  # unreachable; die() never returns
-
-
-def _alias_present(ip: str) -> bool:
-    """True iff `ifconfig lo0` shows `<ip>` as an inet address.
-    Exact-match — `127.0.0.1` shouldn't match `127.0.0.16`."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["/sbin/ifconfig", "lo0"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        return False
-    pattern = re.compile(rf"\binet {re.escape(ip)}\b")
-    return bool(pattern.search(result.stdout or ""))
-
-
-def _aliases_in_use() -> set[str]:
-    """Aliases already bound by another smolmachines bundle's
-    published-port mappings. We inspect every container whose
-    name matches the smolmachines bundle prefix and pull the
-    `HostIp` out of its port bindings."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "ps", "--format", "{{.Names}}",
-         "--filter", "name=bot-bottle-sidecars-"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        return set()
-    names = [n.strip() for n in (result.stdout or "").splitlines() if n.strip()]
-    in_use: set[str] = set()
-    for name in names:
-        in_use.update(_host_ips_for_container(name))
-    return in_use
-
-
-def _host_ips_for_container(name: str) -> Iterable[str]:
-    """Yield the `HostIp` values across all port bindings on
-    container `name`. A bundle binds three or four ports and
-    they all share the same HostIp, so callers can take any."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "inspect", name,
-         "--format", "{{json .HostConfig.PortBindings}}"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        return ()
-    try:
-        bindings = json.loads(result.stdout or "{}")
-    except json.JSONDecodeError:
-        return ()
-    seen: set[str] = set()
-    for _port, mappings in (bindings or {}).items():
-        for m in mappings or []:
-            host_ip = m.get("HostIp") or ""
-            if host_ip:
-                seen.add(host_ip)
-    return seen
-
-
-__all__ = ["allocate", "ensure_pool", "force_allowlist"]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/prepare.py

@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-"""smolmachines `_resolve_plan` (PRD 0023 chunks 2d + 4c).
-
-Resolves the per-bottle docker subnet + bundle IP and assembles
-the guest env. The agent's docker image build → smolmachine
-pack pipeline runs in `launch.launch`, not here, so the
-dashboard's preflight modal isn't garbled by docker-build output
-before the operator has confirmed.
-
-No VM bringup — that's `launch.launch`'s job."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from dataclasses import replace
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ...agent_provider import agent_provision_plan, runtime_for
-from ...backend import BottleSpec
-from ...backend.docker.bottle_state import (
-    BottleMetadata,
-    agent_state_dir,
-    bottle_identity,
-    egress_state_dir,
-    git_gate_state_dir,
-    pipelock_state_dir,
-    supervise_state_dir,
-    write_metadata,
-)
-from ...egress import Egress
-from ...env import resolve_env
-from ...git_gate import GitGate
-from ...pipelock import PipelockProxy
-from ...supervise import Supervise
-from ...workspace import workspace_plan as resolve_workspace_plan
-from .bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-from .util import smolmachines_bundle_subnet, smolmachines_preflight
-
-
-# Gateway ports the bundle exposes inside its container — pipelock
-# HTTPS proxy, git-gate's git-daemon, supervise's MCP. The agent
-# inside the smolvm guest dials these on the bundle's pinned IP.
-_BUNDLE_PIPELOCK_PORT = 8888
-_BUNDLE_GIT_GATE_PORT = 9418
-_BUNDLE_SUPERVISE_PORT = 9100
-
-
-def resolve_plan(
-    spec: BottleSpec, *, stage_dir: Path
-) -> SmolmachinesBottlePlan:
-    """Materialize the smolmachines plan. The bundle's docker
-    subnet + pinned IP are derived from the slug; the agent's
-    `.smolmachine` artifact is built (or cache-hit) here so
-    launch's `machine create --from` boots without a registry
-    pull. Per-bottle guest env + the TSI allow_cidrs land on the
-    plan for launch to pass straight through to
-    `machine create` flags."""
-    smolmachines_preflight()
-
-    manifest = spec.manifest
-    bottle = manifest.bottle_for(spec.agent_name)
-    provider = bottle.agent_provider
-    provider_runtime = runtime_for(provider.template)
-    guest_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_HOME", "/home/node")
-    workspace_plan = resolve_workspace_plan(spec, guest_home=guest_home)
-
-    slug = spec.identity or bottle_identity(spec.agent_name)
-
-    # Record minimal metadata so `cli.py resume` can recover the
-    # slug. Same schema as the docker backend.
-    write_metadata(BottleMetadata(
-        identity=slug,
-        agent_name=spec.agent_name,
-        cwd=spec.user_cwd if spec.copy_cwd else "",
-        copy_cwd=spec.copy_cwd,
-        started_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat(),
-        compose_project="",
-        backend="smolmachines",
-    ))
-
-    subnet, gateway, bundle_ip = smolmachines_bundle_subnet(slug)
-
-    # Agent's env: resolve through resolve_env() so ?prompt entries
-    # are prompted and ${HOST_VAR} entries are interpolated — matching
-    # the Docker backend's contract. Forwarded (secret/interpolated)
-    # values still reach the guest as -e K=V smolvm flags because
-    # smolvm 0.8.0 has no env-file or stdin injection path; this is
-    # the known argv-exposure gap documented in PRD 0038.
-    # HTTPS_PROXY / GIT_GATE_URL / MCP_SUPERVISE_URL are populated
-    # in launch.py after bundle bringup.
-    resolved = resolve_env(manifest, spec.agent_name)
-    guest_env: dict[str, str] = {
-        **resolved.literals,
-        **resolved.forwarded,
-        "NO_PROXY":    "localhost,127.0.0.1",
-        "NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS": "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt",
-        "SSL_CERT_FILE":       "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt",
-        "REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE":  "/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt",
-    }
-
-    git_gate_dir = git_gate_state_dir(slug)
-    git_gate_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    git_gate_plan = GitGate().prepare(bottle, slug, git_gate_dir)
-
-    # Prompt file is always written (mode 0o600) so the in-VM
-    # path always exists. Content is the agent's `prompt`
-    # field (markdown body) — empty for agents with no prompt.
-    # claude-code reads it via --append-system-prompt-file only
-    # when non-empty, but the file must exist either way to
-    # match the docker backend's contract.
-    agent_dir = agent_state_dir(slug)
-    agent_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    prompt_file = agent_dir / "prompt.txt"
-    agent = manifest.agents[spec.agent_name]
-    prompt_file.write_text(agent.prompt or "")
-    prompt_file.chmod(0o600)
-
-    machine_name = f"bot-bottle-{slug}"
-    # Stash the agent image ref — `launch.launch` runs the
-    # build → pack pipeline at bringup. Honors BOT_BOTTLE_IMAGE
-    # to match the docker backend's `resolve_plan` default.
-    agent_dockerfile_path = ""
-    if provider.dockerfile:
-        agent_dockerfile_path = _resolve_manifest_dockerfile(provider.dockerfile, spec)
-        image_default = f"bot-bottle-{provider.template}:{slug}"
-    elif provider_runtime.dockerfile:
-        agent_dockerfile_path = provider_runtime.dockerfile
-        image_default = provider_runtime.image
-    else:
-        image_default = provider_runtime.image
-    agent_image_ref = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_IMAGE", image_default)
-    agent_provision = agent_provision_plan(
-        template=provider.template,
-        dockerfile=agent_dockerfile_path,
-        state_dir=agent_dir,
-        guest_home=guest_home,
-        guest_env=guest_env,
-        forward_host_credentials=provider.forward_host_credentials,
-        auth_token=provider.auth_token,
-        host_env=dict(os.environ),
-        trusted_project_path=workspace_plan.workdir,
-    )
-    merged_guest_env = dict(agent_provision.guest_env)
-    for key, val in agent_provision.env_vars.items():
-        merged_guest_env.setdefault(key, val)
-    agent_provision = replace(agent_provision, guest_env=merged_guest_env)
-
-    # Inner Plans for the four bundle daemons. The ABCs are
-    # platform-neutral — `.prepare()` writes config files + returns
-    # a Plan dataclass with no backend-specific assumptions. State
-    # dirs are still keyed by slug under the docker backend's
-    # bottle_state layout (shared on-host convention; not a docker
-    # dependency).
-    pipelock_dir = pipelock_state_dir(slug)
-    pipelock_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    proxy_plan = PipelockProxy().prepare(
-        bottle, slug, pipelock_dir, agent_provision.egress_routes,
-    )
-
-    egress_dir = egress_state_dir(slug)
-    egress_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    egress_plan = Egress().prepare(
-        bottle, slug, egress_dir, agent_provision.egress_routes,
-    )
-
-    supervise_plan = None
-    if bottle.supervise:
-        supervise_dir = supervise_state_dir(slug)
-        supervise_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        supervise_plan = Supervise().prepare(slug, supervise_dir)
-
-    return SmolmachinesBottlePlan(
-        spec=spec,
-        stage_dir=stage_dir,
-        slug=slug,
-        bundle_subnet=subnet,
-        bundle_gateway=gateway,
-        bundle_ip=bundle_ip,
-        machine_name=machine_name,
-        agent_image_ref=agent_image_ref,
-        guest_env=agent_provision.guest_env,
-        prompt_file=prompt_file,
-        proxy_plan=proxy_plan,
-        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
-        egress_plan=egress_plan,
-        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
-        agent_provision=agent_provision,
-        workspace_plan=workspace_plan,
-    )
-
-
-def _resolve_manifest_dockerfile(path_value: str, spec: BottleSpec) -> str:
-    path = Path(os.path.expanduser(path_value))
-    if not path.is_absolute():
-        path = Path(spec.user_cwd) / path
-    return str(path)

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/__init__.py

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-"""Provisioning helpers for the smolmachines backend (PRD 0023
-chunk 4).
-
-Each method maps onto one of `BottleBackend`'s `provision_*`
-overrides. They run after the VM is up + the bundle is reachable
-and copy host-side state (prompt, skills, .git, CA cert,
-supervise MCP config) into the guest via `smolvm machine cp` /
-`smolvm machine exec`.
-
-Chunk 4a ships `provision_prompt` and `provision_skills` — the
-two that don't depend on agent-image tooling (claude-code,
-update-ca-certificates) beyond `cp` and `mkdir`. provision_ca /
-provision_git / provision_supervise land once the agent-image
-gap is solved."""

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/ca.py

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-"""Install the per-bottle MITM CA into the smolmachines guest's
-trust store (PRD 0023 chunk 4d).
-
-Mirrors `backend.docker.provision.ca`: select the right CA (egress
-when the bottle has routes, else pipelock), `smolvm machine cp` it
-to Debian's `/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/` path,
-`update-ca-certificates` to rebuild the trust bundle, and log the
-fingerprint once. The selected cert depends on the agent's
-HTTP_PROXY target — same logic as the docker backend, since the
-agent dials the same daemons through the same bundle.
-
-`smolvm machine exec` runs commands as root in the VM (no `-u`
-flag exists; the VM init is root), so we don't need the explicit
-`-u 0` the docker backend uses on its `docker exec` calls."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import time
-
-from ....log import die
-from ...util import (
-    AGENT_CA_BUNDLE,
-    AGENT_CA_PATH,
-    log_ca_fingerprint,
-    select_ca_cert,
-)
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-_SIGKILL_EXIT = 128 + 9
-
-
-def provision_ca(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Copy the agent-facing CA cert into the guest, rebuild the
-    trust bundle, emit a one-line fingerprint log. Called from
-    `BottleBackend.provision` after the smolvm guest is up."""
-    cert_host_path, label = select_ca_cert(plan.egress_plan, plan.proxy_plan)
-
-    _smolvm.machine_cp(str(cert_host_path), f"{target}:{AGENT_CA_PATH}")
-    # Mode 0644 — readable to non-root tools in the guest.
-    # update-ca-certificates rebuilds the bundle at AGENT_CA_BUNDLE,
-    # which is what curl / Python ssl / OpenSSL-based tools read by
-    # default. The env trio (NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS / SSL_CERT_FILE /
-    # REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE) on the guest_env covers Node + Python
-    # `requests` / libraries that don't load the system bundle.
-    #
-    r = _install_ca(target)
-    if r.returncode == _SIGKILL_EXIT:
-        # smolvm/libkrun can SIGKILL an otherwise-normal exec
-        # during early-VM provisioning. `update-ca-certificates`
-        # is idempotent, so retry the same install once after a
-        # short settle delay before treating it as fatal.
-        time.sleep(1.0)
-        r = _install_ca(target)
-
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        # update-ca-certificates not adding our cert is fatal —
-        # claude-code's TLS handshake against the egress-MITM'd
-        # api.anthropic.com would fail downstream. Bail early
-        # with what we can see (output is captured by smolvm so
-        # we can surface it).
-        die(
-            f"update-ca-certificates didn't add the agent CA "
-            f"(exit {r.returncode}): "
-            f"stdout={(r.stdout or '').strip()!r} "
-            f"stderr={(r.stderr or '').strip()!r}"
-        )
-
-    log_ca_fingerprint(cert_host_path, label)
-
-
-def _install_ca(target: str) -> _smolvm.SmolvmRunResult:
-    # chown + chmod + update-ca-certificates + bundle
-    # verification run in one `sh -c` so we only pay one
-    # machine_exec round trip; the `&&` chaining surfaces the
-    # first failure as the return code. The verify check is more
-    # stable than requiring "1 added" in stdout: a retry after a
-    # partially-completed first run may legitimately report "0
-    # added" while the cert is already installed.
-    return _smolvm.machine_exec(target, [
-        "sh", "-c",
-        f"chown root:root {AGENT_CA_PATH} && "
-        f"chmod 644 {AGENT_CA_PATH} && "
-        f"update-ca-certificates && "
-        f"openssl verify -CAfile {AGENT_CA_BUNDLE} {AGENT_CA_PATH}",
-    ])
-
-
-# Re-exported for the launch/provision_ca caller + tests. The path
-# constants live in the shared `backend.util` (Debian's
-# `update-ca-certificates` layout is the same in both backends).
-__all__ = ["AGENT_CA_BUNDLE", "AGENT_CA_PATH", "provision_ca"]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/git.py

@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-"""Git provisioning inside a running smolmachines bottle
-(PRD 0023 chunk 4d).
-
-Three concerns, all about git in the agent:
-
-  1. If --cwd was passed AND the host cwd has a .git, copy that
-     .git into the planned guest workspace so the agent operates on
-     the user's repo.
-  2. If the bottle declares `git` entries (PRD 0008), write a
-     ~/.gitconfig with insteadOf rules so every git operation
-     against a declared upstream transparently hits the per-bottle
-     git-gate. The gate mirrors the upstream in both directions,
-     so URL rewriting is symmetric.
-  3. If the bottle declares `git.user` (issue #86), set
-     `git config --global user.{name,email}` inside the guest so
-     the agent's commits are attributed to that identity.
-
-Differs from `backend.docker.provision.git` in one address detail:
-the TSI-allowlisted guest can only reach the bundle's pinned IP
-(no DNS resolver in the /32 allowlist), so the insteadOf URLs
-are `http://<bundle_ip>:<port>/<name>.git` rather than the
-docker backend's `git://git-gate/<name>.git`. The render itself
-is the shared `git_gate_render_gitconfig` on the platform-neutral
-git_gate module."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-import tempfile
-from pathlib import Path
-
-from ....git_gate import git_gate_render_gitconfig
-from ....log import info
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-# `node` is the agent user from the repo Dockerfile. Override via
-# BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_HOME mirrors the docker backend's
-# BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME knob — same purpose, different
-# transport.
-_DEFAULT_GUEST_HOME = "/home/node"
-
-
-def _guest_home() -> str:
-    return os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_HOME", _DEFAULT_GUEST_HOME)
-
-
-def provision_git(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Set up git inside the guest. Runs all three subcases; each
-    no-ops when its condition isn't met."""
-    _provision_cwd_git(plan, target)
-    _provision_git_gate_config(plan, target)
-    _provision_git_user(plan, target)
-
-
-def _provision_cwd_git(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """If --cwd was set and the host cwd has a .git directory, copy
-    it into <guest_home>/workspace/.git and fix ownership. No-op
-    otherwise."""
-    workspace = plan.workspace_plan
-    if not (workspace.enabled and workspace.copy_git and workspace.has_host_git_dir):
-        return
-    guest_workspace_git = f"{workspace.guest_path}/.git"
-    host_git = str(workspace.host_path / ".git")
-    info(f"copying {host_git} -> {target}:{guest_workspace_git}")
-    # mkdir -p the workspace dir so `machine cp` lands the .git
-    # directly there even on first-time bottles.
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["mkdir", "-p", workspace.guest_path])
-    _smolvm.machine_cp(
-        host_git, f"{target}:{guest_workspace_git}",
-    )
-    # `machine cp` lands files as root; the agent runs as node so
-    # the workspace tree must be chowned over.
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(
-        target, ["chown", "-R", workspace.owner, guest_workspace_git],
-    )
-
-
-def _provision_git_gate_config(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Write ~/.gitconfig in the guest with the git-gate insteadOf
-    rules. No-op when the bottle has no `git` entries."""
-    bottle = plan.spec.manifest.bottle_for(plan.spec.agent_name)
-    if not bottle.git:
-        return
-
-    # `<loopback alias>:<host port>` form: the bundle's git-gate
-    # HTTP port is published on host loopback at launch time so
-    # the smolvm guest (which can only reach macOS networking via
-    # TSI, not the docker bridge IP) can dial it. launch.py
-    # populates `plan.agent_git_gate_host` after bundle bringup.
-    content = git_gate_render_gitconfig(
-        bottle.git, plan.agent_git_gate_host, scheme="http",
-    )
-
-    guest_gitconfig = f"{_guest_home()}/.gitconfig"
-    # Stage the file under the plan's stage_dir so `machine cp`
-    # has a stable host path. The plan's stage_dir is cleaned up
-    # by start.py's session-end teardown.
-    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
-        "w", dir=str(plan.stage_dir), prefix="gitconfig.",
-        delete=False,
-    ) as f:
-        f.write(content)
-        config_file = Path(f.name)
-    os.chmod(config_file, 0o600)
-
-    info(f"writing {guest_gitconfig} with {len(bottle.git)} insteadOf rule(s)")
-    _smolvm.machine_cp(str(config_file), f"{target}:{guest_gitconfig}")
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["chown", "node:node", guest_gitconfig])
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["chmod", "644", guest_gitconfig])
-
-
-def _provision_git_user(
-    plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str,
-) -> None:
-    """Apply `git config --global user.{name,email}` inside the
-    guest as the node user so --global lands in the same
-    `/home/node/.gitconfig` that `_provision_git_gate_config`
-    writes to. No-op when the bottle didn't declare `git.user`.
-
-    Runs via `runuser -u node --`; HOME is forced via smolvm's
-    `-e` flag because runuser (without -l) inherits root's
-    HOME=/root, which would put --global in the wrong file."""
-    bottle = plan.spec.manifest.bottle_for(plan.spec.agent_name)
-    gu = bottle.git_user
-    if gu.is_empty():
-        return
-    env = {"HOME": _guest_home(), "USER": "node"}
-    if gu.name:
-        info(f"git config --global user.name = {gu.name!r}")
-        _smolvm.machine_exec(
-            target,
-            ["runuser", "-u", "node", "--",
-             "git", "config", "--global", "user.name", gu.name],
-            env=env,
-        )
-    if gu.email:
-        info(f"git config --global user.email = {gu.email!r}")
-        _smolvm.machine_exec(
-            target,
-            ["runuser", "-u", "node", "--",
-             "git", "config", "--global", "user.email", gu.email],
-            env=env,
-        )

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/prompt.py

@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-"""Copy the agent prompt into a running smolmachines bottle.
-
-The prompt file is always copied (so the in-guest path always
-exists) but `--append-system-prompt-file` only fires when the
-agent actually has a prompt — the return value signals which
-case, mirroring the docker backend's contract.
-
-`smolvm machine cp` lands files as root inside the VM; the claude
-process runs as `node`, so we chown + chmod the prompt after the
-copy. Same flow as the docker backend's provision_prompt."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-# `node` is the agent user from the repo Dockerfile.
-# BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_HOME mirrors the docker backend's
-# BOT_BOTTLE_CONTAINER_HOME knob.
-_DEFAULT_GUEST_HOME = "/home/node"
-
-
-def provision_prompt(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> str | None:
-    """Copy the prompt file into the running smolvm guest, fix
-    ownership/mode. Returns the in-guest path if the agent has a
-    non-empty prompt (drives --append-system-prompt-file), else
-    None. The file is copied either way so the path always
-    exists — mirrors the docker backend's behavior."""
-    guest_home = os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_HOME", _DEFAULT_GUEST_HOME)
-    in_guest_prompt_path = f"{guest_home}/.bot-bottle-prompt.txt"
-
-    _smolvm.machine_cp(str(plan.prompt_file), f"{target}:{in_guest_prompt_path}")
-    # machine cp lands as root, source's 0o600 mode is preserved —
-    # node can't read its own prompt without these two.
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["chown", "node:node", in_guest_prompt_path])
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["chmod", "600", in_guest_prompt_path])
-
-    agent = plan.spec.manifest.agents[plan.spec.agent_name]
-    return in_guest_prompt_path if agent.prompt else None

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/provider_auth.py

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-"""Provision non-secret provider auth markers into a smolmachines bottle."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from ....log import die
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_provider_auth(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Apply provider-owned guest setup through smolvm primitives."""
-    provision = plan.agent_provision
-    for d in provision.dirs:
-        _exec(target, ["mkdir", "-p", d.guest_path], f"could not create {d.guest_path}")
-        _exec(target, ["chown", d.owner, d.guest_path], f"could not chown {d.guest_path}")
-        _exec(target, ["chmod", d.mode, d.guest_path], f"could not chmod {d.guest_path}")
-    for command in provision.pre_copy:
-        _exec(target, list(command.argv), command.error)
-    for f in provision.files:
-        _smolvm.machine_cp(str(f.host_path), f"{target}:{f.guest_path}")
-        _exec(target, ["chown", f.owner, f.guest_path], f"could not chown {f.guest_path}")
-        _exec(target, ["chmod", f.mode, f.guest_path], f"could not chmod {f.guest_path}")
-    for command in provision.verify:
-        _exec(target, list(command.argv), command.error)
-
-
-def _exec(target: str, argv: list[str], error: str) -> None:
-    result = _smolvm.machine_exec(target, argv)
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        detail = (result.stderr or result.stdout).strip()
-        if detail:
-            detail = f": {detail}"
-        die(f"agent provider provisioning: {error}{detail}")

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/skills.py

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-"""Copy host-side skill directories into a running smolmachines
-bottle.
-
-Skills are validated on the host before launch by
-`BottleBackend._validate_skills`; this module assumes that
-validation has already run. A skill that disappears between
-validation and copy still dies loudly rather than silently
-producing a partial guest."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import os
-
-from ....log import die, info
-from ...util import host_skill_dir
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-# In-guest path mirrors the docker backend's claude-skills
-# convention (~/.claude/skills/<name>/) under the node user's
-# home — same path as the real bot-bottle image's
-# /home/node/.claude/skills (pre-created in the Dockerfile).
-_DEFAULT_SKILLS_DIR = "/home/node/.claude/skills"
-
-
-def provision_skills(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Copy each of the agent's named skills from the host's
-    ~/.claude/skills/<name>/ into the guest's equivalent path.
-    For each skill: `mkdir -p` the destination, `smolvm machine cp`
-    the host source dir over, then chown the result to node:node so
-    the agent can read it. No-op when the agent has no skills.
-
-    smolvm machine cp on a directory copies recursively (same
-    semantics as `cp -r`); unlike docker cp's trailing-slash
-    convention, smolvm doesn't need the `/.` suffix dance.
-
-    machine cp lands files as root inside the VM, so we chown each
-    skill tree over to node:node after the copy — same pattern as
-    the docker backend's provision_prompt."""
-    agent = plan.spec.manifest.agents[plan.spec.agent_name]
-    if not agent.skills:
-        return
-
-    skills_dir = os.environ.get(
-        "BOT_BOTTLE_GUEST_SKILLS_DIR", _DEFAULT_SKILLS_DIR,
-    )
-
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["mkdir", "-p", skills_dir])
-
-    for name in agent.skills:
-        src = host_skill_dir(name)
-        if not os.path.isdir(src):
-            die(
-                f"skill {name!r} disappeared from host between "
-                f"validation and copy at {src}."
-            )
-        dst = f"{skills_dir}/{name}"
-        info(f"copying skill {name} into {target}:{dst}")
-        # Wipe any prior copy so re-runs don't accumulate.
-        _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["rm", "-rf", dst])
-        _smolvm.machine_cp(src, f"{target}:{dst}")
-        _smolvm.machine_exec(target, ["chown", "-R", "node:node", dst])

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/supervise.py

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-"""Supervise sidecar provisioning inside a running smolmachines
-bottle (PRD 0023 chunk 4d; PRD 0013 supervise plane).
-
-Registers the per-bottle supervise sidecar as an HTTP MCP server
-in the agent's claude-code config so the agent discovers the
-stuck-recovery MCP tools (pipelock-block, capability-block) at
-startup.
-
-Mirrors `backend.docker.provision.supervise` — same `claude mcp
-add` call, just dispatched via `smolvm machine exec` instead of
-`docker exec`, and against `<bundle_ip>:<port>` instead of the
-short `supervise` alias (no DNS in the TSI-allowlisted guest)."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-from ....log import info, warn
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-_SUPERVISE_MCP_NAME = "supervise"
-
-
-def provision_supervise(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Run `claude mcp add` inside the guest to register the
-    supervise sidecar in claude-code's user config. No-op when
-    bottle.supervise is False.
-
-    The URL is the agent-side endpoint launch.py populated after
-    bundle bringup — `http://127.0.0.1:<host port>/` rather than
-    the bundle's docker bridge IP, because that bridge isn't
-    reachable from the smolvm guest on macOS.
-
-    Failure is logged but not fatal: the bottle still works (you
-    just can't call supervise tools from the agent until the entry
-    is added manually). The operator sees the warning at launch."""
-    if plan.supervise_plan is None:
-        return
-    url = plan.agent_supervise_url
-    info(f"registering supervise MCP server in agent claude config → {url}")
-    # `claude mcp add --scope user` writes to ~/.claude.json. The
-    # agent is the `node` user; smolvm machine_exec runs as root
-    # by default, so we have to switch user explicitly and set
-    # HOME so the config lands in /home/node/.claude.json (where
-    # the agent's claude actually reads it from).
-    r = _smolvm.machine_exec(
-        target,
-        [
-            "runuser", "-u", "node", "--",
-            "env", "HOME=/home/node",
-            "claude", "mcp", "add",
-            "--scope", "user",
-            "--transport", "http",
-            _SUPERVISE_MCP_NAME,
-            url,
-        ],
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"`claude mcp add supervise` failed (exit {r.returncode}): "
-            f"{(r.stderr or r.stdout or '').strip()}. Inside the bottle, "
-            f"register manually with: "
-            f"claude mcp add --scope user --transport http supervise {url}"
-        )
-
-
-__all__ = ["provision_supervise"]

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/provision/workspace.py

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-"""Copy the operator workspace into a smolmachines guest."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import shlex
-
-from ....log import info
-from .. import smolvm as _smolvm
-from ..bottle_plan import SmolmachinesBottlePlan
-
-
-def provision_workspace(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan, target: str) -> None:
-    """Copy host cwd contents to the planned guest workspace."""
-    workspace = plan.workspace_plan
-    if not (workspace.enabled and workspace.copy_contents):
-        return
-
-    guest_parent = workspace.guest_path.rsplit("/", 1)[0] or "/"
-    guest_path_q = shlex.quote(workspace.guest_path)
-    guest_parent_q = shlex.quote(guest_parent)
-    owner_q = shlex.quote(workspace.owner)
-    mode_q = shlex.quote(workspace.mode)
-    info(f"copying {workspace.host_path} -> {target}:{workspace.guest_path}")
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(
-        target,
-        ["sh", "-c", f"rm -rf {guest_path_q} && mkdir -p {guest_parent_q}"],
-    )
-    _smolvm.machine_cp(str(workspace.host_path), f"{target}:{workspace.guest_path}")
-    _smolvm.machine_exec(
-        target,
-        [
-            "sh", "-c",
-            f"chown -R {owner_q} {guest_path_q} && "
-            f"chmod {mode_q} {guest_path_q}",
-        ],
-    )

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/pty_resize.py

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-"""Host-side SIGWINCH → in-VM PTY resize bridge (issue #82).
-
-smolvm 0.8.0 `machine exec -t` allocates an in-VM PTY but never
-forwards the host terminal's window size (TIOCSWINSZ) to it. The
-PTY's initial size is `0 0`, and any host-side resize during the
-session goes unnoticed — the in-VM claude TUI keeps rendering for
-whatever (typically tiny) box it last saw, ignoring the operator's
-tmux pane resize. `docker exec -it` does this forwarding
-automatically; smolvm doesn't.
-
-This module wraps `smolvm machine exec` with a thin parent
-process that:
-
-  1. Spawns the original argv as a child (it gets the inherited
-     TTY, so claude's stdin/stdout/stderr work unchanged).
-  2. On startup + every host SIGWINCH, reads the host terminal
-     size via TIOCGWINSZ on stdin (or stderr if stdin isn't a
-     TTY — tmux respawn-pane gives us a TTY on stdout/stderr)
-     and pushes it into the VM with a side-channel
-     `smolvm machine exec -- sh -c 'for f in /dev/pts/*; do
-     stty -F $f cols X rows Y; done'`. The kernel delivers
-     SIGWINCH to the foreground process group on the slave end
-     automatically, so claude picks up the new size without
-     extra signalling.
-  3. Waits on the child and exits with its returncode.
-
-The dashboard's tmux pane respawn calls `bottle.agent_argv`
-which now prepends `[sys.executable, -m, ..., <machine>, --, ...]`
-to the smolvm argv. Foreground handoff (curses endwin →
-subprocess.run) goes through the same path so behavior is
-identical.
-
-Removable once smolvm grows native SIGWINCH forwarding (upstream
-follow-up tracked separately)."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import fcntl
-import signal
-import struct
-import subprocess
-import sys
-import termios
-import threading
-
-
-# How long to wait after the main exec starts before pushing the
-# initial size. Concurrent `smolvm machine exec` invocations race
-# libkrun's per-exec OCI config write during the main exec's
-# bringup window; the side-channel firing immediately corrupts
-# `config.json` and the main exec dies with SIGKILL (rc=137) or
-# libkrun's "parse error: trailing garbage" depending on
-# scheduling. Two seconds is well past the bringup window on a
-# warm VM, well under the operator's "this is unresponsive"
-# threshold, and short enough that claude's initial render
-# almost always fires after the size has been set.
-_STARTUP_SYNC_DELAY_SEC = 2.0
-
-
-def _read_winsize() -> tuple[int, int] | None:
-    """Return `(rows, cols)` from whichever of stdin / stdout /
-    stderr is a TTY, or None if none are. Different invocation
-    surfaces give us different TTYs:
-
-      - foreground handoff (curses endwin → subprocess.run): all
-        three are the operator's terminal.
-      - tmux respawn-pane: tmux sets all three to the pane's PTY.
-      - non-TTY (someone piped stdin in tests): none are; the
-        sync just no-ops, which is the right behavior."""
-    for fd in (sys.stdin.fileno(), sys.stdout.fileno(), sys.stderr.fileno()):
-        try:
-            data = fcntl.ioctl(fd, termios.TIOCGWINSZ, b"\x00" * 8)
-        except OSError:
-            continue
-        rows, cols, _, _ = struct.unpack("hhhh", data)
-        if rows > 0 and cols > 0:
-            return rows, cols
-    return None
-
-
-def _push_size(machine: str, rows: int, cols: int) -> None:
-    """Side-channel `smolvm machine exec` that sets the size of
-    every PTY in the VM. The shell `for` loop covers the case of
-    multiple concurrent interactive sessions (rare but cheap to
-    handle); `stty -F` returns silently on PTYs that don't apply.
-
-    Best-effort: swallow failures. A failed resize doesn't break
-    the session — it just leaves the in-VM PTY at its old size.
-
-    `stdin=DEVNULL` is load-bearing: under tmux, inheriting the
-    pane PTY here means two concurrent smolvm processes (this one
-    and the agent session the wrapper is shepherding) share the
-    PTY's foreground-process-group / input plumbing, and smolvm
-    bails with an internal config-parse error or SIGKILL within
-    ~100ms of the side-channel firing. Outside tmux the same
-    pattern survived, presumably because iTerm's PTY plumbing is
-    more forgiving than tmux's, but the DEVNULL is the right
-    default either way — the side-channel never needs stdin."""
-    subprocess.run(
-        ["smolvm", "machine", "exec", "--name", machine, "--",
-         "sh", "-c",
-         f"for f in /dev/pts/*; do "
-         f"stty -F \"$f\" cols {cols} rows {rows} 2>/dev/null; "
-         f"done"],
-        stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
-        check=False,
-    )
-
-
-def main(argv: list[str]) -> int:
-    """Entry point. `argv` shape: `<machine> -- <smolvm-argv...>`.
-
-    We don't use argparse — the `--` separator is the contract and
-    everything past it is forwarded verbatim. Keeps the wrapper
-    transparent for callers building argv programmatically."""
-    if len(argv) < 3 or argv[1] != "--":
-        sys.stderr.write(
-            "usage: python -m bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.pty_resize "
-            "<machine> -- <smolvm-argv...>\n"
-        )
-        return 2
-    machine = argv[0]
-    inner = argv[2:]
-
-    def sync(*_args) -> None:
-        size = _read_winsize()
-        if size is None:
-            return
-        _push_size(machine, *size)
-
-    signal.signal(signal.SIGWINCH, sync)
-
-    proc = subprocess.Popen(inner)
-    # Initial sync is deferred — see _STARTUP_SYNC_DELAY_SEC.
-    # daemon=True so the timer doesn't block exit when the child
-    # finishes before the delay elapses.
-    timer = threading.Timer(_STARTUP_SYNC_DELAY_SEC, sync)
-    timer.daemon = True
-    timer.start()
-    while True:
-        try:
-            return proc.wait()
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            proc.send_signal(signal.SIGINT)
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/sidecar_bundle.py

@@ -1,243 +0,0 @@
-"""Per-bottle sidecar bundle bringup for the smolmachines backend
-(PRD 0023).
-
-Two docker resources per bottle live here:
-
-  - **A dedicated bridge network**, subnet derived from the slug.
-    The bundle container gets a pinned IP at `<subnet>.2` so the
-    smolvm guest's TSI allowlist (`<bundle-ip>/32`) has a stable
-    target. Without pinning, we'd have to inspect the container's
-    assigned IP after start and feed it back into the Smolfile
-    — a race we can sidestep with `--ip`.
-
-  - **The bundle container itself**, running the PRD 0024 bundle
-    image (`bot-bottle-sidecars:latest` by default). Same
-    image, same daemons, same daemon-private env / bind-mounts
-    as the docker backend.
-
-This module ships the lifecycle primitives only — create
-network, start bundle, stop bundle, remove network — wrapped
-around `subprocess.run(["docker", ...])`. Wiring them into the
-launch flow + populating the `BundleLaunchSpec` from the inner
-Plans (PipelockProxyPlan, EgressPlan, …) lands in chunk 2d."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import subprocess
-from dataclasses import dataclass, field
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Sequence
-
-from ...log import die, warn
-from ..docker import util as docker_mod
-from ..docker.sidecar_bundle import (
-    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
-    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
-)
-
-
-_REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
-
-
-def bundle_network_name(slug: str) -> str:
-    """`bot-bottle-bundle-<slug>` — distinct from the docker
-    backend's `bot-bottle-net-<slug>` so a smolmachines bottle
-    and a docker bottle for the same agent don't collide on
-    network name."""
-    return f"bot-bottle-bundle-{slug}"
-
-
-def bundle_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
-    """`bot-bottle-sidecars-<slug>` — same name shape the docker
-    backend uses for the bundle (PRD 0024 chunk 5). The dashboard's
-    prefix-based discovery covers both backends with one filter."""
-    return f"bot-bottle-sidecars-{slug}"
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class BundleLaunchSpec:
-    """Everything `start_bundle` needs to bring up one bundle
-    container. Populated by chunk-2d's launch flow from the inner
-    Plans the prepare step already produces."""
-
-    slug: str
-    network_name: str
-    subnet: str
-    gateway: str
-    bundle_ip: str
-    image: str = SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE
-    # Daemon subset CSV for BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS. The
-    # supervisor inside the bundle reads it to skip
-    # bottle-irrelevant daemons (e.g. supervise=False bottles).
-    daemons_csv: str = "egress,pipelock"
-    # Plain "KEY=VALUE" strings + "KEY" bare names (the bare-name
-    # form inherits the value from the docker-run subprocess env,
-    # matching the docker backend's compose-up secret-forwarding
-    # pattern).
-    environment: Sequence[str] = field(default_factory=tuple)
-    # (host_path, container_path, read_only) bind mounts.
-    volumes: Sequence[tuple[str, str, bool]] = field(default_factory=tuple)
-    # Container ports to publish on `publish_host_ip`, random
-    # host-side port per entry. The smolvm guest's TSI talks via
-    # macOS networking, so docker container IPs (192.168.x.x in
-    # the daemon's bridge) aren't directly reachable from the
-    # guest — host-loopback port-forwards are. Egress's port
-    # is bundle-internal and never published.
-    ports_to_publish: Sequence[int] = field(default_factory=tuple)
-    # Loopback IP to bind published ports against. Per-bottle
-    # loopback aliases (`127.0.0.16` etc., added via sudo
-    # ifconfig lo0 alias) narrow the TSI allowlist so a bottle
-    # can't reach other bottles' (or other host services') ports
-    # via 127.0.0.1.
-    publish_host_ip: str = "127.0.0.1"
-
-
-def ensure_bundle_image(image: str = SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE) -> None:
-    """Build the sidecar bundle image before `docker run`.
-
-    The Docker backend gets this for free from compose's `build:`
-    stanza. smolmachines starts the bundle with plain `docker run`,
-    so without an explicit build a first launch tries to pull the
-    local-only `bot-bottle-sidecars:latest` tag from a registry.
-    """
-    docker_mod.build_image(
-        image,
-        _REPO_DIR,
-        dockerfile=SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
-    )
-
-
-def create_bundle_network(network_name: str, subnet: str, gateway: str) -> None:
-    """`docker network create` with an explicit subnet + gateway
-    so the bundle's `--ip` lands on the address the Smolfile's
-    TSI allowlist points at. Idempotent on the caller's side —
-    `start_bundle` catches the "network exists" error and treats
-    it as success (chunk-2d teardown is paired with each create).
-    """
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "network", "create",
-         "--subnet", subnet, "--gateway", gateway,
-         network_name],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        # Already-exists is fine on a resume path; everything else
-        # is fatal — the bundle won't have an addressable network.
-        if "already exists" in (result.stderr or "").lower():
-            return
-        die(
-            f"docker network create {network_name} failed: "
-            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip()}"
-        )
-
-
-def remove_bundle_network(network_name: str) -> None:
-    """Idempotent: a missing network returns success."""
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "network", "rm", network_name],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode == 0:
-        return
-    if "no such network" in (result.stderr or "").lower():
-        return
-    # Network with attached containers is the common non-fatal
-    # case during a partial teardown — warn but don't die.
-    warn(
-        f"docker network rm {network_name} failed: "
-        f"{(result.stderr or '').strip()}"
-    )
-
-
-def start_bundle(spec: BundleLaunchSpec, *,
-                 env: dict[str, str] | None = None) -> None:
-    """Bring the bundle container up on the per-bottle bridge with
-    the pinned IP. Argv is built deterministically from `spec`;
-    `env` is the host subprocess env (forwarded values for any
-    bare-name entries in `spec.environment`)."""
-    container = bundle_container_name(spec.slug)
-    argv = [
-        "docker", "run",
-        "--name", container,
-        "--detach",
-        "--rm",
-        "--network", spec.network_name,
-        "--ip", spec.bundle_ip,
-        "-e", f"BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS={spec.daemons_csv}",
-    ]
-    for entry in spec.environment:
-        argv += ["-e", entry]
-    for host_path, container_path, read_only in spec.volumes:
-        suffix = ":ro" if read_only else ""
-        argv += ["-v", f"{host_path}:{container_path}{suffix}"]
-    # Loopback-only host port-forwards — the smolvm guest's TSI
-    # uses macOS networking, and macOS loopback is the only host
-    # surface that round-trips into Docker Desktop's daemon VM.
-    # Binds to the per-bottle alias so TSI's IP-only allowlist
-    # narrows reachability to this bottle's bundle only.
-    for port in spec.ports_to_publish:
-        argv += ["-p", f"{spec.publish_host_ip}::{port}"]
-    argv.append(spec.image)
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        argv, capture_output=True, text=True,
-        env=dict(env) if env is not None else None, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        die(
-            f"docker run for bundle {container} failed: "
-            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip()}"
-        )
-
-
-def bundle_host_port(
-    slug: str, container_port: int, *, host_ip: str = "127.0.0.1",
-) -> int:
-    """`docker port <bundle> <container_port>/tcp` → the random
-    host-side port docker assigned for the binding on `host_ip`.
-    Called after `start_bundle` on each container port listed in
-    `BundleLaunchSpec.ports_to_publish` so the launch step can
-    build the agent's HTTPS_PROXY / GIT_GATE / SUPERVISE URLs in
-    `<host_ip>:<host port>` form."""
-    container = bundle_container_name(slug)
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "port", container, f"{container_port}/tcp"],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode != 0:
-        die(
-            f"docker port {container} {container_port}/tcp failed: "
-            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
-        )
-    # Each line looks like `127.0.0.16:54321` — one per address
-    # family / host IP. Match on the expected host_ip prefix so
-    # bottles bound to per-bottle aliases pick the right line.
-    for raw in (result.stdout or "").splitlines():
-        line = raw.strip()
-        if line.startswith(f"{host_ip}:"):
-            _, _, port_str = line.rpartition(":")
-            try:
-                return int(port_str)
-            except ValueError:
-                die(f"unexpected `docker port` output: {line!r}")
-    die(
-        f"no port mapping on {host_ip} for {container} "
-        f"{container_port}/tcp; got: {(result.stdout or '').strip()!r}"
-    )
-    return -1  # unreachable; die() never returns
-
-
-def stop_bundle(slug: str) -> None:
-    """Idempotent: a missing container returns success."""
-    container = bundle_container_name(slug)
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "rm", "-f", container],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if result.returncode == 0:
-        return
-    if "no such container" in (result.stderr or "").lower():
-        return
-    warn(
-        f"docker rm -f {container} failed: "
-        f"{(result.stderr or '').strip()}"
-    )

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/smolvm.py

@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-"""Thin subprocess wrapper around the `smolvm` CLI (PRD 0023).
-
-One thin Python function per smolvm subcommand the launch flow
-needs. Two design choices worth flagging:
-
-  - **No daemon, no SDK.** smolvm 0.8.0 ships a `smolvm serve`
-    HTTP API as the long-term-clean integration target. The
-    project's stdlib-first ethos + the lower-overhead CLI calls
-    push v1 to shell out via `subprocess.run`. If a future
-    smolvm release makes `serve` mandatory (or significantly
-    faster), revisit.
-
-  - **Two return shapes.** `SmolvmRunResult` (returncode + stdout
-    + stderr captured) is returned by `machine_exec` because the
-    caller cares about the in-VM command's exit status, and by
-    test helpers that introspect output. The other calls
-    (`machine_start`, `machine_stop`, `pack_create`, etc.) raise
-    `SmolvmError` on non-zero exit — failure to start a VM is
-    fatal to the launch flow, not something callers want to
-    branch on.
-
-The wrapper is unit-tested with `subprocess.run` mocked; the
-integration smoke test (chunk 2d) exercises against a real
-smolvm binary."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-import time
-from dataclasses import dataclass
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Mapping, Sequence
-
-
-
-_SMOLVM = "smolvm"
-
-
-@dataclass(frozen=True)
-class SmolvmRunResult:
-    """Captured result of an in-VM command. Mirrors the structure
-    `Bottle.exec` returns so callers can hand it straight through."""
-    returncode: int
-    stdout: str
-    stderr: str
-
-
-class SmolvmError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when a smolvm subprocess returns non-zero on a path
-    where the caller has no useful branch to take (start failed,
-    pack failed, etc.). Carries the captured stderr for the
-    operator-facing log line."""
-
-    def __init__(self, argv: Sequence[str], result: subprocess.CompletedProcess):
-        self.argv = list(argv)
-        self.returncode = result.returncode
-        self.stdout = result.stdout
-        self.stderr = result.stderr
-        cmd = " ".join(self.argv)
-        super().__init__(
-            f"{cmd!r} failed (exit {result.returncode}): "
-            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
-        )
-
-
-def _smolvm(*args: str, env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-            check: bool = True) -> subprocess.CompletedProcess:
-    """One subprocess call into the smolvm CLI. `check=True`
-    raises SmolvmError on non-zero; `check=False` returns the
-    CompletedProcess for the caller to inspect."""
-    argv = [_SMOLVM, *args]
-    result = subprocess.run(
-        argv,
-        capture_output=True,
-        text=True,
-        env=dict(env) if env is not None else None,
-        check=False,
-    )
-    if check and result.returncode != 0:
-        raise SmolvmError(argv, result)
-    return result
-
-
-# --- Pack ----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def pack_create(image: str, output: Path) -> None:
-    """`smolvm pack create --image <image> -o <output>`. Converts
-    an OCI image into a self-contained `.smolmachine` artifact
-    smolvm can boot via `machine create --from`. Idempotent on the
-    smolvm side — re-running with the same image+output rebuilds
-    from layer cache."""
-    _smolvm("pack", "create", "--image", image, "-o", str(output))
-
-
-# --- Machine lifecycle ---------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def machine_create(
-    name: str,
-    *,
-    image: str | None = None,
-    from_path: Path | None = None,
-    allow_cidrs: Sequence[str] = (),
-    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-) -> None:
-    """`smolvm machine create NAME [--image IMG | --from PATH]
-    [--allow-cidr CIDR ...] [-e K=V ...]`. NAME is positional
-    (the CLI's exception to the `--name` pattern other
-    subcommands use).
-
-    `image` (registry ref like `alpine:latest`) and `from_path`
-    (a `.smolmachine` artifact) are mutually exclusive — one or
-    the other tells smolvm what to boot. The wrapper doesn't
-    enforce exclusivity; smolvm errors clearly enough.
-
-    `allow_cidrs` and `env` are passed as CLI flags instead of a
-    Smolfile because `--from` and `--smolfile` are themselves
-    mutually exclusive in smolvm 0.8.0 — and we want `--from`'s
-    no-pull-at-start property. The flag form gives the same
-    result without the Smolfile complication.
-
-    `--net` is sent explicitly when `allow_cidrs` is non-empty.
-    smolvm 0.8.0's docs say `--allow-cidr` implies `--net`, but
-    empirically the implication only fires when no `--from` is
-    set — `--from PATH --allow-cidr X/32` silently produces a
-    machine with `network: false` and no routes in the guest, so
-    the agent can't reach the bundle's pinned IP."""
-    args: list[str] = ["machine", "create"]
-    if image is not None:
-        args += ["--image", image]
-    if from_path is not None:
-        args += ["--from", str(from_path)]
-    if allow_cidrs:
-        args.append("--net")
-    for cidr in allow_cidrs:
-        args += ["--allow-cidr", cidr]
-    if env:
-        for k, v in env.items():
-            args += ["-e", f"{k}={v}"]
-    args.append(name)
-    _smolvm(*args)
-
-
-def machine_start(name: str) -> None:
-    """`smolvm machine start --name NAME`."""
-    _smolvm("machine", "start", "--name", name)
-
-
-def machine_stop(name: str) -> None:
-    """`smolvm machine stop --name NAME`. Idempotent against
-    already-stopped machines: smolvm prints a notice and exits 0
-    in that case, so no special handling here."""
-    _smolvm("machine", "stop", "--name", name)
-
-
-def machine_delete(name: str) -> None:
-    """`smolvm machine delete -f NAME`. NAME is positional. `-f`
-    skips the interactive confirmation — required for
-    non-interactive teardown."""
-    _smolvm("machine", "delete", "-f", name)
-
-
-def machine_exec(
-    name: str,
-    argv: Sequence[str],
-    *,
-    env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
-    workdir: str | None = None,
-    timeout: str | None = None,
-) -> SmolvmRunResult:
-    """`smolvm machine exec --name NAME [-w DIR] [--timeout DUR]
-    [-e K=V ...] -- ARGV...`. Returns the captured result rather
-    than raising — callers (including `Bottle.exec`) care about
-    the in-VM command's exit code, not just whether smolvm ran.
-
-    `env` here is in-VM env vars (`-e K=V`), not the host
-    subprocess env — smolvm's own argv carries them through the
-    VMM."""
-    flags: list[str] = ["machine", "exec", "--name", name]
-    if workdir is not None:
-        flags += ["-w", workdir]
-    if timeout is not None:
-        flags += ["--timeout", timeout]
-    if env:
-        for k, v in env.items():
-            flags += ["-e", f"{k}={v}"]
-    # `--` separator before the command. smolvm's CLI requires it
-    # so its own flag parser doesn't grab argv items that look
-    # like flags.
-    flags.append("--")
-    flags += list(argv)
-    result = _smolvm(*flags, check=False)
-    return SmolvmRunResult(
-        returncode=result.returncode,
-        stdout=result.stdout or "",
-        stderr=result.stderr or "",
-    )
-
-
-def wait_exec_ready(name: str, *, timeout: float = 5.0) -> None:
-    """Poll `machine exec true` until exit 0 or `timeout` elapses.
-
-    Replaces `time.sleep(1.5)` after `machine_start`: libkrun's exec
-    channel needs a brief warm-up before back-to-back exec calls are
-    safe. Polling exits as soon as the channel is ready and fails
-    loudly if the VM never responds."""
-    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
-    delay = 0.1
-    while time.monotonic() < deadline:
-        r = machine_exec(name, ["true"])
-        if r.returncode == 0:
-            return
-        remaining = deadline - time.monotonic()
-        if remaining <= 0:
-            break
-        time.sleep(min(delay, remaining))
-        delay = min(delay * 2, 0.5)
-    argv = ["smolvm", "machine", "exec", "--name", name, "--", "true"]
-    raise SmolvmError(
-        argv,
-        subprocess.CompletedProcess(
-            args=argv, returncode=-1, stdout="",
-            stderr=f"exec channel not ready after {timeout:.0f}s — VM may have failed to boot.",
-        ),
-    )
-
-
-def machine_cp(src: str, dst: str) -> None:
-    """`smolvm machine cp SRC DST`. Path syntax: `machine:path` to
-    reference a path inside the VM, bare path for the host. Both
-    SRC and DST are positional; either side can be machine: or
-    bare. Empty path is a no-op (returns immediately without
-    invoking smolvm)."""
-    if not src or not dst:
-        return
-    _smolvm("machine", "cp", src, dst)
-
-
-# --- Discovery -----------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def is_available() -> bool:
-    """True iff `smolvm` is on PATH. Used by the integration test
-    suite's skip-guards."""
-    return shutil.which(_SMOLVM) is not None

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/util.py

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-"""Slug / preflight / subnet helpers for the smolmachines backend
-(PRD 0023). Kept in its own module so the renderers can be
-unit-tested without importing the docker subprocess paths."""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import hashlib
-import shutil
-
-from ...log import die
-
-
-def smolmachines_preflight() -> None:
-    """Ensure `smolvm` is on PATH before the launch flow runs.
-    Called from `_resolve_plan`; gives the operator a clear
-    install pointer rather than a cryptic FileNotFoundError
-    later. `gvproxy` is no longer required — see the PRD's design
-    pivot section."""
-    if shutil.which("smolvm") is not None:
-        return
-    die(
-        "BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines requires `smolvm` on "
-        "PATH. Install with: "
-        "curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh"
-    )
-
-
-def smolmachines_bundle_subnet(slug: str) -> tuple[str, str, str]:
-    """Derive a per-bottle docker subnet + gateway IP + bundle IP
-    from the slug.
-
-    Returns `(subnet_cidr, gateway_ip, bundle_ip)`. The third
-    octet comes from SHA-256 of the slug mod 254 (skipping 17 to
-    avoid the docker-default bridge), so parallel bottles get
-    distinct /24s and `resume` reuses the same /24. The bundle
-    container always lands at `.2`; gateway is `.1`; the smolvm
-    Smolfile's `allow_cidrs` is `<bundle_ip>/32`."""
-    digest = hashlib.sha256(slug.encode("utf-8")).digest()
-    octet = (digest[0] % 254) + 1
-    # Skip the docker-default bridge to dodge the most common
-    # collision (operators with `docker0` at 172.17.x.x or a
-    # 192.168.17.x VPN client).
-    if octet == 17:
-        octet = 18
-    subnet = f"192.168.{octet}.0/24"
-    gateway = f"192.168.{octet}.1"
-    bundle_ip = f"192.168.{octet}.2"
-    return subnet, gateway, bundle_ip

bot_bottle/backend/terminal.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""Terminal escape-sequence helpers shared across all bottle backends."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import shlex
+
+
+# color name → (normal_idx, normal_hex, bright_idx, bright_hex, dark_bg_hex)
+# OSC 4 sets indexed palette entries (affects syntax-highlighted code and any
+# TUI content that uses indexed colors).  dark_bg_hex is used for OSC 11
+# (default background) — a very dark tint that's visible even when the TUI
+# uses true/24-bit colors for its own chrome, which would otherwise bypass
+# the palette entirely.
+_COLORS: dict[str, tuple[int, str, int, str, str]] = {
+    "red":     (9,  "#e74c3c", 1,  "#c0392b", "#200808"),
+    "green":   (10, "#2ecc71", 2,  "#27ae60", "#082008"),
+    "yellow":  (11, "#f1c40f", 3,  "#d4ac0d", "#201808"),
+    "blue":    (12, "#3498db", 4,  "#2471a3", "#080820"),
+    "magenta": (13, "#9b59b6", 5,  "#7d3c98", "#160820"),
+}
+
+# OSC 104 resets all indexed palette entries; OSC 111 resets default background.
+_RESET_PRINTF = "printf '\\033]104\\007\\033]111\\007'"
+
+
+def palette_printf(color: str) -> str:
+    """Shell `printf` command that emits OSC 4 + OSC 11 to tint the terminal
+    for *color*: sets the normal/bright palette entries AND the default
+    background to a dark shade of that color.  Returns '' if unknown."""
+    entry = _COLORS.get(color)
+    if not entry:
+        return ""
+    n_idx, n_hex, b_idx, b_hex, bg_hex = entry
+    seq = (
+        f"\\033]4;{n_idx};{n_hex}\\007"
+        f"\\033]4;{b_idx};{b_hex}\\007"
+        f"\\033]11;{bg_hex}\\007"
+    )
+    return f"printf '{seq}'"
+
+
+def exec_shell_script(
+    agent_argv: list[str],
+    terminal_title: str = "",
+    terminal_color: str = "",
+) -> str | None:
+    """Build a shell script string that optionally sets the terminal
+    title and/or palette before running *agent_argv*, and resets the
+    palette + background on exit. Returns None when no decoration is
+    needed — callers should run *agent_argv* directly in that case."""
+    title_cmd = (
+        f"printf '\\033]0;%s\\007' {shlex.quote(terminal_title)}"
+        if terminal_title else ""
+    )
+    pal_cmd = palette_printf(terminal_color)
+
+    if not title_cmd and not pal_cmd:
+        return None
+
+    parts: list[str] = []
+    if title_cmd:
+        parts.append(title_cmd)
+    if pal_cmd:
+        parts.append(pal_cmd)
+        parts.append(shlex.join(agent_argv))
+        parts.append(_RESET_PRINTF)
+    else:
+        # No palette change — exec so the agent replaces the shell.
+        parts.append(f"exec {shlex.join(agent_argv)}")
+
+    return "; ".join(parts)