Add small-n ELG enumeration table to even_level_graph_generators

Records, for 4<=n<=11, triangulation iso classes, how many admit an ELG
source, ELG iso classes, and the automorphism-free flag-rooted count
sum_G 4E/|Aut(G)| * s(G). Computed by experiments/count_elgs.py.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-22 12:24:07 -04:00
parent 8fde9494d8
commit 4693f63208
7 changed files with 235 additions and 268 deletions
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@@ -34,23 +34,26 @@
\newlabel{sec:even-level-graphs}{{4}{4}{Even Level Graphs}{section.4}{}}
\newlabel{def:even-level-graph}{{4.1}{4}{Even Level Graph}{theorem.4.1}{}}
\newlabel{thm:even-level-4colorable}{{4.2}{4}{}{theorem.4.2}{}}
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\@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces Even Level Graph counts for $4 \leq n \leq 11$. The \emph {triangulations} column is the number of plane-triangulation iso classes (OEIS A000109). \emph {ELG iso classes} counts pairs $(G, S)$ up to isomorphism; \emph {flag-rooted ELGs} is the automorphism-free count $\DOTSB \sum@ \slimits@ _G \genfrac {}{}{}1{4E}{|\mathrm {Aut}(G)|}\,s(G)$.}}{5}{table.1}\protected@file@percent }
\newlabel{tab:elg-counts}{{1}{5}{Even Level Graph counts for $4 \leq n \leq 11$. The \emph {triangulations} column is the number of plane-triangulation iso classes (OEIS A000109). \emph {ELG iso classes} counts pairs $(G, S)$ up to isomorphism; \emph {flag-rooted ELGs} is the automorphism-free count $\sum _G \tfrac {4E}{|\mathrm {Aut}(G)|}\,s(G)$}{table.1}{}}
\newlabel{def:derived-level-graph}{{4.3}{5}{Derived level graph}{theorem.4.3}{}}
\newlabel{def:bridge-switch}{{4.4}{5}{Bridge switch}{theorem.4.4}{}}
\newlabel{def:bridge-derived-level-graph}{{4.5}{5}{Bridge-derived level graph}{theorem.4.5}{}}
\newlabel{def:intertwining-tree}{{4.6}{5}{Intertwining tree}{theorem.4.6}{}}
\newlabel{thm:intertwining-iff-hamiltonian-dual}{{4.7}{5}{}{theorem.4.7}{}}
\citation{holton-mckay}
\newlabel{def:bridge-switch}{{4.4}{6}{Bridge switch}{theorem.4.4}{}}
\newlabel{def:bridge-derived-level-graph}{{4.5}{6}{Bridge-derived level graph}{theorem.4.5}{}}
\newlabel{def:intertwining-tree}{{4.6}{6}{Intertwining tree}{theorem.4.6}{}}
\newlabel{thm:intertwining-iff-hamiltonian-dual}{{4.7}{6}{}{theorem.4.7}{}}
\newlabel{conj:every-triangulation-derived}{{4.8}{6}{}{theorem.4.8}{}}
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\bibcite{holton-mckay}{1}
\@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {1}{\ignorespaces The six Holton--McKay duals at $n = 21$, the first triangulations that are not intertwining trees. Each is a bridge-derived level graph: duals $1$ and $2$ are Even Level Graphs outright (zero switches), and the remaining four reach an Even Level Graph in $1$--$4$ bridge switches. All witnesses are step-verified.}}{7}{table.1}\protected@file@percent }
\newlabel{tab:n21}{{1}{7}{The six Holton--McKay duals at $n = 21$, the first triangulations that are not intertwining trees. Each is a bridge-derived level graph: duals $1$ and $2$ are Even Level Graphs outright (zero switches), and the remaining four reach an Even Level Graph in $1$--$4$ bridge switches. All witnesses are step-verified}{table.1}{}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces The six Holton--McKay duals, drawn as crossing-free planar graphs and coloured by parity (blue even, orange odd, with respect to the fixed level-parity labelling). The solid green edges are the bridge edges introduced by the bridge switches from each dual's witness Even Level Graph. Each green edge is a bridge of its parity subgraph, so no new cycle -- and in particular no odd cycle -- is created; duals $1$ and $2$ coincide with their Even Level Graphs and have no added edge.}}{7}{figure.5}\protected@file@percent }
\newlabel{fig:n21-duals}{{5}{7}{The six Holton--McKay duals, drawn as crossing-free planar graphs and coloured by parity (blue even, orange odd, with respect to the fixed level-parity labelling). The solid green edges are the bridge edges introduced by the bridge switches from each dual's witness Even Level Graph. Each green edge is a bridge of its parity subgraph, so no new cycle -- and in particular no odd cycle -- is created; duals $1$ and $2$ coincide with their Even Level Graphs and have no added edge}{figure.5}{}}
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\@writefile{lot}{\contentsline {table}{\numberline {2}{\ignorespaces The six Holton--McKay duals at $n = 21$, the first triangulations that are not intertwining trees. Each is a bridge-derived level graph: duals $1$ and $2$ are Even Level Graphs outright (zero switches), and the remaining four reach an Even Level Graph in $1$--$4$ bridge switches. All witnesses are step-verified.}}{8}{table.2}\protected@file@percent }
\newlabel{tab:n21}{{2}{8}{The six Holton--McKay duals at $n = 21$, the first triangulations that are not intertwining trees. Each is a bridge-derived level graph: duals $1$ and $2$ are Even Level Graphs outright (zero switches), and the remaining four reach an Even Level Graph in $1$--$4$ bridge switches. All witnesses are step-verified}{table.2}{}}
\@writefile{lof}{\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {5}{\ignorespaces The six Holton--McKay duals, drawn as crossing-free planar graphs and coloured by parity (blue even, orange odd, with respect to the fixed level-parity labelling). The solid green edges are the bridge edges introduced by the bridge switches from each dual's witness Even Level Graph. Each green edge is a bridge of its parity subgraph, so no new cycle -- and in particular no odd cycle -- is created; duals $1$ and $2$ coincide with their Even Level Graphs and have no added edge.}}{8}{figure.5}\protected@file@percent }
\newlabel{fig:n21-duals}{{5}{8}{The six Holton--McKay duals, drawn as crossing-free planar graphs and coloured by parity (blue even, orange odd, with respect to the fixed level-parity labelling). The solid green edges are the bridge edges introduced by the bridge switches from each dual's witness Even Level Graph. Each green edge is a bridge of its parity subgraph, so no new cycle -- and in particular no odd cycle -- is created; duals $1$ and $2$ coincide with their Even Level Graphs and have no added edge}{figure.5}{}}
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\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 where $\OML/cmm/m/it/10 s\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 (\OML/cmm/m/it/10 G\OT
1/cmr/m/n/10 )$ is the num-ber of valid sources of $\OML/cmm/m/it/10 G$\OT1/cmr
/m/n/10 . The flag-rooting is the automorphism-
[]
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\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 mor-phism; \OT1/cmr/m/it/10 flag-rooted ELGs \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 is
the automorphism-free count
[]
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@@ -310,6 +310,51 @@ $\{\text{yellow}, \text{green}\}$. The combined assignment is a
proper $4$-coloring of $G$.
\end{proof}
\subsection*{Enumeration for small $n$}
Even Level Graphs are scarce among triangulations. For each $n$ we
enumerated all iso classes of plane triangulations and tested, for every
choice of source vertex, whether all level subgraphs are bipartite
(equivalently, whether every level cycle is even).
Table~\ref{tab:elg-counts} records, for $4 \leq n \leq 11$: the number of
triangulation iso classes; how many of them admit at least one Even Level
Graph source; the number of Even Level Graph iso classes (pairs $(G, S)$
up to isomorphism, i.e.\ valid sources counted up to $\mathrm{Aut}(G)$);
and the number of \emph{flag-rooted} Even Level Graphs,
\[
\sum_{G} \frac{4E}{|\mathrm{Aut}(G)|}\, s(G),
\qquad E = 3n - 6,
\]
where $s(G)$ is the number of valid sources of $G$. The flag-rooting is the
automorphism-free count: $\mathrm{Aut}(G)$ acts freely on the $4E$ flags of a
$3$-connected triangulation, so every summand is an integer.
The smallest Even Level Graph is the octahedron at $n = 6$: from any vertex
the four neighbours form a $4$-cycle at level $1$ and the antipode sits alone
at level $2$. Below $n = 6$ every triangulation forces an odd level cycle, so
no Even Level Graph exists.
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
$n$ & triangulations & with ELG source & ELG iso classes & flag-rooted ELGs \\\hline
$4$ & $1$ & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
$5$ & $1$ & $0$ & $0$ & $0$ \\
$6$ & $2$ & $1$ & $1$ & $6$ \\
$7$ & $5$ & $2$ & $2$ & $45$ \\
$8$ & $14$ & $5$ & $6$ & $186$ \\
$9$ & $50$ & $13$ & $14$ & $651$ \\
$10$ & $233$ & $37$ & $45$ & $2766$ \\
$11$ & $1249$ & $129$ & $169$ & $14346$ \\
\end{tabular}
\caption{Even Level Graph counts for $4 \leq n \leq 11$. The
\emph{triangulations} column is the number of plane-triangulation iso classes
(OEIS A000109). \emph{ELG iso classes} counts pairs $(G, S)$ up to
isomorphism; \emph{flag-rooted ELGs} is the automorphism-free count
$\sum_G \tfrac{4E}{|\mathrm{Aut}(G)|}\,s(G)$.}
\label{tab:elg-counts}
\end{table}
\begin{definition}[Derived level graph]
\label{def:derived-level-graph}
Let $G$ be an Even Level Graph with level source $S$, and let $E$ and