feat(macos-container): launch explicit-proxy bottles

bot_bottle/backend/__init__.py

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class ActiveAgent:
     of sidecar daemons currently up for this bottle (`egress`,
     `git-gate`, `supervise`); the dashboard uses it to
     gate edit verbs. `backend_name` is the matching key in
-    `_BACKENDS` (`docker` / `smolmachines`) — used by the active-
+    `_BACKENDS` (`docker` / `smolmachines` / `macos-container`) — used by the active-
     list rendering to disambiguate and by the dashboard's
     re-attach path."""
 
@@ -530,6 +530,7 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
 # each backend module can pull BottleSpec / BottlePlan / BottleBackend
 # via `from . import ...` without hitting a partially-initialized module.
 from .docker import DockerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
+from .macos_container import MacosContainerBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
 from .smolmachines import SmolmachinesBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: disable=wrong-import-position
 
 
@@ -539,6 +540,7 @@ from .smolmachines import SmolmachinesBottleBackend  # noqa: E402  # pylint: dis
 # unparameterized methods (prepare → plan → launch(plan), cleanup, etc.).
 _BACKENDS: dict[str, BottleBackend[Any, Any]] = {
     "docker": DockerBottleBackend(),
+    "macos-container": MacosContainerBottleBackend(),
     "smolmachines": SmolmachinesBottleBackend(),
 }
 

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+"""macOS Apple Container backend.
+
+Selectable via `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container`. This package owns
+the Apple `container` CLI integration; launch remains gated until the
+sidecar network enforcement shape is implemented.
+"""
+
+from .backend import MacosContainerBottleBackend
+
+__all__ = ["MacosContainerBottleBackend"]

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/backend.py

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+"""MacosContainerBottleBackend — Apple Container implementation."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Generator, Sequence
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from .. import ActiveAgent, BottleBackend, BottleSpec
+from . import cleanup as _cleanup
+from . import enumerate as _enumerate
+from . import launch as _launch
+from . import resolve_plan as _resolve_plan
+from . import util as _container
+from .bottle import MacosContainerBottle
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+class MacosContainerBottleBackend(
+    BottleBackend["MacosContainerBottlePlan", "MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan"]
+):
+    """Experimental Apple Container backend. Selected by
+    `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container` or
+    `--backend=macos-container`."""
+
+    name = "macos-container"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def is_available(cls) -> bool:
+        return _container.is_available()
+
+    def _preflight(self) -> None:
+        _resolve_plan.preflight()
+
+    def _build_guest_env(self, resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return _resolve_plan.build_guest_env(resolved_env)
+
+    def _resolve_plan(
+        self,
+        spec: BottleSpec,
+        *,
+        slug: str,
+        resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+        agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+        egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+        git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+        supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+        stage_dir: Path,
+    ) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+        return _resolve_plan.resolve_plan(
+            spec,
+            slug=slug,
+            resolved_env=resolved_env,
+            agent_provision_plan=agent_provision_plan,
+            egress_plan=egress_plan,
+            supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+            git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+            stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        )
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def launch(
+        self, plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan
+    ) -> Generator[MacosContainerBottle, None, None]:
+        with _launch.launch(plan, provision=self.provision) as bottle:
+            yield bottle
+
+    def prepare_cleanup(self) -> MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan:
+        return _cleanup.prepare_cleanup()
+
+    def cleanup(self, plan: MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+        _cleanup.cleanup(plan)
+
+    def enumerate_active(self) -> Sequence[ActiveAgent]:
+        return _enumerate.enumerate_active()
+
+    def supervise_mcp_url(self, plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> str:
+        return plan.agent_supervise_url

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""Bottle handle for Apple's `container` CLI."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+from typing import Callable, cast
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode, prompt_args
+from .. import Bottle, ExecResult
+from ..terminal import exec_shell_script
+
+
+class MacosContainerBottle(Bottle):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        container: str,
+        teardown: Callable[[], None],
+        prompt_path_in_container: str | None,
+        *,
+        agent_command: str = "claude",
+        agent_prompt_mode: PromptMode = "append_file",
+        agent_provider_template: str = "claude",
+        terminal_title: str = "",
+        terminal_color: str = "",
+        agent_workdir: str = "/home/node",
+    ):
+        self.name = container
+        self._teardown = teardown
+        self.prompt_path = prompt_path_in_container
+        self._agent_prompt_mode = agent_prompt_mode
+        self.agent_command = agent_command
+        self.terminal_title = terminal_title
+        self.terminal_color = terminal_color
+        self.agent_provider_template = agent_provider_template
+        self.agent_workdir = agent_workdir
+        self._closed = False
+
+    def agent_argv(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> list[str]:
+        full_argv = list(argv)
+        full_argv.extend(
+            prompt_args(
+                cast(PromptMode, self._agent_prompt_mode),
+                self.prompt_path,
+                argv=full_argv,
+            )
+        )
+        cmd = ["container", "exec"]
+        if tty:
+            cmd.extend(["--interactive", "--tty"])
+        if self.agent_workdir and self.agent_workdir != "/home/node":
+            cmd.extend(["--workdir", self.agent_workdir])
+        cmd.extend([self.name, self.agent_command, *full_argv])
+        return cmd
+
+    def exec_agent(self, argv: list[str], *, tty: bool = True) -> int:
+        agent_argv = self.agent_argv(argv, tty=tty)
+        script = (
+            exec_shell_script(agent_argv, self.terminal_title, self.terminal_color)
+            if tty else None
+        )
+        if script is None:
+            return subprocess.run(agent_argv, check=False).returncode
+        return subprocess.run(["sh", "-lc", script], check=False).returncode
+
+    def exec(self, script: str, *, user: str = "node") -> ExecResult:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "exec", "--user", user, "--interactive",
+             self.name, "sh", "-s"],
+            input=script,
+            capture_output=True,
+            text=True,
+            check=False,
+        )
+        return ExecResult(
+            returncode=result.returncode,
+            stdout=result.stdout,
+            stderr=result.stderr,
+        )
+
+    def cp_in(self, host_path: str, container_path: str) -> None:
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "cp", host_path, f"{self.name}:{container_path}"],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=True,
+        )
+
+    def close(self) -> None:
+        if self._closed:
+            return
+        self._closed = True
+        self._teardown()

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle_cleanup_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+"""Cleanup plan for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from ...log import info
+from .. import BottleCleanupPlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan(BottleCleanupPlan):
+    containers: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    networks: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+
+    def print(self) -> None:
+        if not self.containers and not self.networks:
+            info("macos-container cleanup: nothing to remove")
+            return
+        for name in self.containers:
+            info(f"macos-container container: {name}")
+        for name in self.networks:
+            info(f"macos-container network: {name}")
+
+    @property
+    def empty(self) -> bool:
+        return not self.containers and not self.networks

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/bottle_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+"""Plan type for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import PromptMode
+from .. import BottlePlan
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class MacosContainerBottlePlan(BottlePlan):
+    slug: str
+    forwarded_env: dict[str, str] = field(repr=False)
+    agent_proxy_url: str = ""
+    agent_git_gate_url: str = ""
+    agent_supervise_url: str = ""
+
+    @property
+    def container_name(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.instance_name
+
+    @property
+    def image(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.image
+
+    @property
+    def dockerfile_path(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.dockerfile
+
+    @property
+    def prompt_file(self) -> Path:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_file
+
+    @property
+    def agent_command(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.command
+
+    @property
+    def agent_prompt_mode(self) -> PromptMode:
+        return self.agent_provision.prompt_mode
+
+    @property
+    def agent_provider_template(self) -> str:
+        return self.agent_provision.template

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Cleanup for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+
+from ...log import info, warn
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle_cleanup_plan import MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan
+
+_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
+_BUNDLE_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def _list_prefixed_containers() -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "list", "--all", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        warn(f"container list failed: {result.stderr.strip()}")
+        return []
+    return sorted(
+        name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
+        if name.startswith(_PREFIX) or name.startswith(_BUNDLE_PREFIX)
+    )
+
+
+def _list_prefixed_networks() -> list[str]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "network", "list", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    return sorted(
+        name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
+        if name.startswith(_PREFIX)
+    )
+
+
+def prepare_cleanup() -> MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan:
+    container_mod.require_container()
+    return MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan(
+        containers=tuple(_list_prefixed_containers()),
+        networks=tuple(_list_prefixed_networks()),
+    )
+
+
+def cleanup(plan: MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
+    for name in plan.containers:
+        info(f"container delete --force {name}")
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "delete", "--force", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )
+    for name in plan.networks:
+        info(f"container network delete {name}")
+        subprocess.run(
+            ["container", "network", "delete", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/enumerate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+"""Active-agent enumeration for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+
+from ...bottle_state import read_metadata
+from .. import ActiveAgent
+
+_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-"
+_SIDECAR_PREFIX = "bot-bottle-sidecars-"
+
+
+def enumerate_active() -> list[ActiveAgent]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["container", "list", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return []
+    out: list[ActiveAgent] = []
+    for name in sorted(line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines()):
+        if not name.startswith(_PREFIX):
+            continue
+        if name.startswith(_SIDECAR_PREFIX):
+            continue
+        slug = name[len(_PREFIX):]
+        metadata = read_metadata(slug)
+        out.append(ActiveAgent(
+            backend_name="macos-container",
+            slug=slug,
+            agent_name=metadata.agent_name if metadata else "?",
+            started_at=metadata.started_at if metadata else "",
+            services=(),
+            label=metadata.label if metadata else "",
+            color=metadata.color if metadata else "",
+        ))
+    return out

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/launch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,362 @@
+"""Launch flow for the macOS Apple Container backend.
+
+This backend keeps the explicit proxy-env enforcement model for v1:
+the agent container is attached only to a host-only Apple Container
+network, while the sidecar bundle is attached to a NAT network first
+and the host-only network second. The sidecar's host-only IP is
+discovered from `container inspect` and stamped into the agent's
+HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY env vars.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import dataclasses
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from contextlib import ExitStack, contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Callable, Generator
+
+from ...bottle_state import egress_state_dir, git_gate_state_dir
+from ...egress import EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER, egress_resolve_token_values
+from ...git_gate import revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys
+from ...log import die, info, warn
+from ...supervise import QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER, SUPERVISE_PORT
+from ..docker.egress import EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER, EGRESS_PORT
+from ..docker.sidecar_bundle import (
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
+    SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
+)
+from ..docker.egress import egress_tls_init
+from ..util import AGENT_CA_BUNDLE, AGENT_CA_PATH
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle import MacosContainerBottle
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+_REPO_DIR = str(Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent.parent.parent)
+_SIDECAR_SLEEP_SECONDS = "2147483647"
+
+
+def internal_network_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-net-{slug}"
+
+
+def egress_network_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-egress-{slug}"
+
+
+def sidecar_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
+    return f"bot-bottle-sidecars-{slug}"
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def launch(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    *,
+    provision: Callable[[MacosContainerBottlePlan, "MacosContainerBottle"], str | None],
+) -> Generator[MacosContainerBottle, None, None]:
+    """Build, run, provision, and yield an Apple Container bottle."""
+    stack = ExitStack()
+    bottle_for_revoke = plan.spec.manifest.bottle_for(plan.spec.agent_name)
+    git_gate_dir_for_revoke = git_gate_state_dir(plan.slug)
+
+    def teardown() -> None:
+        teardown_exc: BaseException | None = None
+        try:
+            stack.close()
+        except BaseException as exc:  # noqa: W0718 - teardown must continue
+            teardown_exc = exc
+            warn(f"macos-container teardown failed: {exc!r}")
+        revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(bottle_for_revoke, git_gate_dir_for_revoke)
+        if teardown_exc is not None:
+            raise teardown_exc
+
+    try:
+        _validate_supported_plan(plan)
+        plan = _mint_certs(plan)
+        _build_images(plan)
+
+        internal_network = internal_network_name(plan.slug)
+        egress_network = egress_network_name(plan.slug)
+        _create_networks(internal_network, egress_network, stack)
+
+        sidecar_name = sidecar_container_name(plan.slug)
+        container_mod.force_remove_container(sidecar_name)
+        _start_sidecar_bundle(plan, sidecar_name, internal_network, egress_network)
+        stack.callback(container_mod.force_remove_container, sidecar_name)
+
+        sidecar_ip = container_mod.container_ipv4_on_network(
+            sidecar_name, internal_network,
+        )
+        plan = _stamp_agent_urls(plan, sidecar_ip)
+
+        container_mod.force_remove_container(plan.container_name)
+        _start_agent(plan, internal_network, sidecar_ip)
+        stack.callback(container_mod.force_remove_container, plan.container_name)
+
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle(
+            plan.container_name,
+            teardown,
+            None,
+            agent_command=plan.agent_command,
+            agent_prompt_mode=plan.agent_prompt_mode,
+            agent_provider_template=plan.agent_provider_template,
+            terminal_title=plan.spec.label or plan.spec.agent_name,
+            terminal_color=plan.spec.color,
+            agent_workdir=plan.workspace_plan.workdir,
+        )
+        bottle.prompt_path = provision(plan, bottle)
+
+        yield bottle
+    finally:
+        teardown()
+
+
+def _mint_certs(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    egress_ca_host, egress_ca_cert_only = egress_tls_init(
+        egress_state_dir(plan.slug),
+    )
+    egress_plan = dataclasses.replace(
+        plan.egress_plan,
+        mitmproxy_ca_host_path=egress_ca_host,
+        mitmproxy_ca_cert_only_host_path=egress_ca_cert_only,
+    )
+    return dataclasses.replace(plan, egress_plan=egress_plan)
+
+
+def _validate_supported_plan(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> None:
+    if plan.git_gate_plan.upstreams:
+        die(
+            "macos-container backend launch does not support bottle.git yet: "
+            "Apple Container cannot bind-mount individual SSH key files, "
+            "and this backend will not mount broad host key directories. "
+            "Use docker/smolmachines for git-gate bottles until a safe key "
+            "delivery path lands."
+        )
+
+
+def _build_images(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> None:
+    container_mod.build_image(
+        SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE,
+        _REPO_DIR,
+        dockerfile=SIDECAR_BUNDLE_DOCKERFILE,
+    )
+    container_mod.build_image(
+        plan.image,
+        _REPO_DIR,
+        dockerfile=plan.dockerfile_path,
+    )
+
+
+def _create_networks(
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+    stack: ExitStack,
+) -> None:
+    container_mod.create_network(internal_network, internal=True)
+    stack.callback(container_mod.remove_network, internal_network)
+    container_mod.create_network(egress_network)
+    stack.callback(container_mod.remove_network, egress_network)
+
+
+def _start_sidecar_bundle(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_name: str,
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+) -> None:
+    argv = _sidecar_run_argv(plan, sidecar_name, internal_network, egress_network)
+    effective_env = {**dict(os.environ), **plan.agent_provision.provisioned_env}
+    token_values = egress_resolve_token_values(
+        plan.egress_plan.token_env_map, effective_env,
+    )
+    env = {**os.environ, **token_values}
+    info(f"container run sidecar bundle {sidecar_name}")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        argv, capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container run for sidecar bundle {sidecar_name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def _start_agent(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    internal_network: str,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> None:
+    argv = _agent_run_argv(plan, internal_network, sidecar_ip)
+    env = {
+        **os.environ,
+        **plan.forwarded_env,
+    }
+    info(f"container run agent {plan.container_name}")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        argv, capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container run for agent {plan.container_name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+
+
+def _stamp_agent_urls(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    proxy_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    supervise_url = ""
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        supervise_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{SUPERVISE_PORT}/"
+    return dataclasses.replace(
+        plan,
+        agent_proxy_url=proxy_url,
+        agent_git_gate_url="",
+        agent_supervise_url=supervise_url,
+    )
+
+
+def _sidecar_run_argv(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_name: str,
+    internal_network: str,
+    egress_network: str,
+) -> list[str]:
+    argv = [
+        "container", "run",
+        "--name", sidecar_name,
+        "--detach",
+        "--rm",
+        "--network", egress_network,
+        "--network", internal_network,
+        "--dns", _sidecar_dns(),
+        "--env", f"BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS={','.join(_sidecar_daemons(plan))}",
+    ]
+    for entry in _sidecar_env_entries(plan):
+        argv += ["--env", entry]
+    for host_path, container_path, read_only in _sidecar_mounts(plan):
+        argv += ["--mount", _mount_spec(host_path, container_path, read_only)]
+    argv.append(SIDECAR_BUNDLE_IMAGE)
+    return argv
+
+
+def _agent_run_argv(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    internal_network: str,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> list[str]:
+    argv = [
+        "container", "run",
+        "--name", plan.container_name,
+        "--detach",
+        "--rm",
+        "--network", internal_network,
+    ]
+    for entry in _agent_env_entries(plan, sidecar_ip):
+        argv += ["--env", entry]
+    argv += [plan.image, "sleep", _SIDECAR_SLEEP_SECONDS]
+    return argv
+
+
+def _sidecar_dns() -> str:
+    return os.environ.get("BOT_BOTTLE_MACOS_CONTAINER_DNS", "1.1.1.1")
+
+
+def _sidecar_daemons(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    daemons = ["egress"]
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        daemons.append("supervise")
+    return tuple(daemons)
+
+
+def _sidecar_env_entries(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    env: list[str] = []
+    if plan.egress_plan.routes:
+        env.extend(sorted(plan.egress_plan.token_env_map.keys()))
+    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
+        env += [
+            f"SUPERVISE_BOTTLE_SLUG={plan.slug}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_QUEUE_DIR={QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER}",
+            f"SUPERVISE_PORT={SUPERVISE_PORT}",
+        ]
+    return tuple(env)
+
+
+def _sidecar_mounts(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+) -> tuple[tuple[str, str, bool], ...]:
+    mounts: list[tuple[str, str, bool]] = []
+
+    ep = plan.egress_plan
+    mounts.append((
+        str(ep.mitmproxy_ca_host_path.parent),
+        str(Path(EGRESS_CA_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+        False,
+    ))
+    if ep.routes:
+        mounts.append((
+            str(_stage_routes_dir(plan)),
+            str(Path(EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER).parent),
+            True,
+        ))
+
+    sp = plan.supervise_plan
+    if sp is not None:
+        mounts.append((str(sp.queue_dir), QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER, False))
+
+    return tuple(mounts)
+
+
+def _stage_routes_dir(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan) -> Path:
+    routes_dir = plan.stage_dir / "macos-container-egress"
+    routes_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    shutil.copyfile(
+        plan.egress_plan.routes_path,
+        routes_dir / Path(EGRESS_ROUTES_IN_CONTAINER).name,
+    )
+    return routes_dir
+
+
+def _mount_spec(host_path: str, container_path: str, read_only: bool) -> str:
+    spec = f"type=bind,source={host_path},target={container_path}"
+    if read_only:
+        spec += ",readonly"
+    return spec
+
+
+def _agent_env_entries(
+    plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan,
+    sidecar_ip: str,
+) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    proxy_url = f"http://{sidecar_ip}:{EGRESS_PORT}"
+    no_proxy = _agent_no_proxy(plan, sidecar_ip)
+    env = [
+        f"HTTPS_PROXY={proxy_url}",
+        f"HTTP_PROXY={proxy_url}",
+        f"https_proxy={proxy_url}",
+        f"http_proxy={proxy_url}",
+        f"NO_PROXY={no_proxy}",
+        f"no_proxy={no_proxy}",
+        f"NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS={AGENT_CA_PATH}",
+        f"SSL_CERT_FILE={AGENT_CA_BUNDLE}",
+        f"REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE={AGENT_CA_BUNDLE}",
+    ]
+    if plan.agent_git_gate_url:
+        env.append(f"GIT_GATE_URL={plan.agent_git_gate_url}")
+    if plan.agent_supervise_url:
+        env.append(f"MCP_SUPERVISE_URL={plan.agent_supervise_url}")
+    for name, value in sorted(plan.agent_provision.guest_env.items()):
+        env.append(f"{name}={value}")
+    for name in sorted(plan.forwarded_env.keys()):
+        env.append(name)
+    return tuple(env)
+
+
+def _agent_no_proxy(plan: MacosContainerBottlePlan, sidecar_ip: str) -> str:
+    hosts = ["localhost", "127.0.0.1", sidecar_ip]
+    return ",".join(hosts)

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/resolve_plan.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""Prepare step for the macOS Apple Container backend."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from ...agent_provider import AgentProvisionPlan
+from ...egress import EgressPlan
+from ...env import ResolvedEnv
+from ...git_gate import GitGatePlan
+from ...supervise import SupervisePlan
+from .. import BottleSpec
+from . import util as container_mod
+from .bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+def preflight() -> None:
+    container_mod.require_container()
+
+
+def build_guest_env(resolved_env: ResolvedEnv) -> dict[str, str]:
+    return dict(resolved_env.literals)
+
+
+def resolve_plan(
+    spec: BottleSpec,
+    slug: str,
+    resolved_env: ResolvedEnv,
+    agent_provision_plan: AgentProvisionPlan,
+    egress_plan: EgressPlan,
+    supervise_plan: SupervisePlan | None,
+    git_gate_plan: GitGatePlan,
+    stage_dir: Path,
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    return MacosContainerBottlePlan(
+        spec=spec,
+        stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        slug=slug,
+        forwarded_env=dict(resolved_env.forwarded),
+        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+        egress_plan=egress_plan,
+        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+        agent_provision=agent_provision_plan,
+    )

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+"""Host-side primitives for Apple's `container` CLI."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import json
+import platform
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from typing import Iterable
+
+from ...log import die, info
+
+
+_CONTAINER = "container"
+
+
+def is_macos() -> bool:
+    return platform.system() == "Darwin"
+
+
+def is_available() -> bool:
+    return is_macos() and shutil.which(_CONTAINER) is not None
+
+
+def require_container() -> None:
+    """Fail with an install pointer if Apple Container is unavailable."""
+    if not is_macos():
+        info("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container requires macOS.")
+        die("macos-container backend is only supported on macOS")
+    if shutil.which(_CONTAINER) is None:
+        info("Apple Container is required but was not found on PATH.")
+        info("Install: https://github.com/apple/container/releases")
+        die("container not found")
+
+
+def build_image(ref: str, context: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> None:
+    """Build an OCI image with Apple's BuildKit-backed `container build`."""
+    info(
+        f"building image {ref} from {context} with Apple Container "
+        "(layer cache keeps repeat builds fast)"
+    )
+    args = [_CONTAINER, "build", "-t", ref]
+    if dockerfile:
+        args.extend(["-f", dockerfile])
+    args.append(context)
+    subprocess.run(args, check=True)
+
+
+def image_exists(ref: str) -> bool:
+    return _silent_run([_CONTAINER, "image", "inspect", ref]) == 0
+
+
+def container_exists(name: str) -> bool:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "list", "--all", "--quiet"],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return False
+    return name in {line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines()}
+
+
+def force_remove_container(name: str) -> None:
+    if container_exists(name):
+        subprocess.run(
+            [_CONTAINER, "delete", "--force", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+            check=False,
+        )
+
+
+def create_network(name: str, *, internal: bool = False) -> None:
+    args = [
+        _CONTAINER, "network", "create",
+        "--label", "bot-bottle.backend=macos-container",
+    ]
+    if internal:
+        args.append("--internal")
+    args.append(name)
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        args, capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode == 0:
+        return
+    if "already exists" in (result.stderr or "").lower():
+        return
+    die(
+        f"container network create {name} failed: "
+        f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+    )
+
+
+def remove_network(name: str) -> None:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "network", "delete", name],
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        return
+
+
+def inspect_container(name: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "inspect", name],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container inspect {name} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(result.stdout or "[]")
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+        die(f"container inspect {name} returned malformed JSON: {exc}")
+    if isinstance(data, list) and data and isinstance(data[0], dict):
+        return data[0]
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        return data
+    die(f"container inspect {name} returned an unexpected shape")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def container_ipv4_on_network(name: str, network: str) -> str:
+    data = inspect_container(name)
+    status = data.get("status")
+    networks = status.get("networks") if isinstance(status, dict) else None
+    if not isinstance(networks, list):
+        die(f"container inspect {name} did not include status.networks")
+    for entry in networks:
+        if not isinstance(entry, dict):
+            continue
+        if entry.get("network") != network:
+            continue
+        raw = entry.get("ipv4Address")
+        if not isinstance(raw, str) or not raw:
+            die(f"container {name} has no IPv4 address on {network}")
+        return raw.split("/", 1)[0]
+    die(f"container {name} is not attached to network {network}")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def image_id(ref: str) -> str:
+    """Return the image digest/ID from `container image inspect`.
+
+    The command returns JSON on current Apple Container releases. Keep
+    parsing narrow and fatal so callers do not cache on an empty key.
+    """
+    import json
+
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        [_CONTAINER, "image", "inspect", ref],
+        capture_output=True,
+        text=True,
+        check=False,
+    )
+    if result.returncode != 0:
+        die(
+            f"container image inspect for {ref!r} failed: "
+            f"{(result.stderr or '').strip() or '<no stderr>'}"
+        )
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(result.stdout or "{}")
+    except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+        die(f"container image inspect for {ref!r} returned malformed JSON: {exc}")
+    if isinstance(data, list) and data:
+        data = data[0]
+    if isinstance(data, dict):
+        value = data.get("id") or data.get("digest") or data.get("ID")
+        if value:
+            return str(value)
+    die(f"container image inspect for {ref!r} did not include an image id")
+    raise AssertionError("unreachable")
+
+
+def save(ref: str, output: str) -> None:
+    subprocess.run([_CONTAINER, "image", "save", ref, "-o", output], check=True)
+
+
+def _silent_run(cmd: Iterable[str]) -> int:
+    return subprocess.run(
+        list(cmd),
+        stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+        check=False,
+    ).returncode

docs/prds/prd-new-macos-container-backend.md

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# PRD prd-new: macOS Container backend
+
+- **Status:** Draft
+- **Author:** Codex
+- **Created:** 2026-06-10
+- **Issue:** #220
+
+## Summary
+
+Add an experimental `macos-container` backend that integrates Apple's
+`container` CLI as a host runtime on macOS. The first shipped slice
+registers the backend, implements the reusable host primitives
+(`build`, `exec`, `cp`, image inspection, cleanup, active
+enumeration), and blocks full launch behind an explicit network
+enforcement guard. This creates a real integration point without
+weakening bot-bottle's sidecar egress model.
+
+## Problem
+
+bot-bottle currently has two local execution paths:
+
+- `docker`, which runs the whole bottle topology through Docker
+  Compose.
+- `smolmachines`, which runs the agent in smolvm but still depends on
+  Docker for the sidecar bundle and image-building pipeline.
+
+Issue #220 explored removing Docker as a host dependency. A follow-up
+review comment verified that smolvm can publish guest ports back to
+host loopback and that another smolvm guest can reach that service
+through the existing per-bottle loopback alias plus `--allow-cidr`
+path. That keeps the VM-contained sidecar direction viable and rejects
+the host-process sidecar fallback.
+
+Apple's `container` CLI is another macOS-native way to run OCI images
+as lightweight Linux VMs. Its current command surface includes
+Docker-like `build`, `run`, `exec`, `cp`, port publishing, image
+inspection, and user-defined networks. That makes it a plausible local
+backend, but it does not remove the need to preserve bot-bottle's
+sidecar enforcement property: the agent must not have a direct egress
+path around the egress sidecar.
+
+## Goals / Success Criteria
+
+- `--backend=macos-container` and
+  `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=macos-container` are accepted by the existing
+  backend selector.
+- Backend availability is true only on macOS hosts with `container` on
+  `PATH`.
+- The backend has tested wrappers for Apple Container image build,
+  image inspection, container `exec`, container `cp`, cleanup, and
+  active-agent enumeration.
+- Full launch fails loudly with an operator-facing message until the
+  sidecar network enforcement design is implemented.
+- The PRD records the remaining launch work so the next PR can make the
+  backend runnable without revisiting registration or wrapper plumbing.
+
+## Non-goals
+
+- Do not remove or deprecate the Docker backend.
+- Do not change the default backend from `smolmachines`.
+- Do not run sidecar daemons as host processes.
+- Do not launch a degraded backend where the agent can bypass the
+  egress sidecar through direct network access.
+- Do not require Docker Desktop as part of the macOS Container backend.
+
+## Design
+
+### Backend name
+
+The selectable backend name is `macos-container`. The Python package
+uses `bot_bottle.backend.macos_container` because module names cannot
+contain hyphens.
+
+### Availability and preflight
+
+`MacosContainerBottleBackend.is_available()` returns true only when:
+
+- `platform.system() == "Darwin"`
+- `container` is discoverable on `PATH`
+
+`prepare()` calls `require_container()`, which produces a concrete
+install pointer and rejects non-macOS hosts.
+
+### Implemented primitives
+
+The backend owns an Apple Container wrapper module instead of reusing
+Docker wrappers. The wrapper maps bot-bottle's backend needs to
+Apple's CLI:
+
+| bot-bottle need | Apple Container command |
+|---|---|
+| Build provider image | `container build -t <ref> [-f Dockerfile] <context>` |
+| Run agent commands | `container exec [--interactive --tty] <id> ...` |
+| Copy files into guest | `container cp <host> <id>:<path>` |
+| Inspect image identity | `container image inspect <ref>` |
+| Cleanup stale containers | `container delete --force <id>` |
+| Cleanup stale networks | `container network delete <name>` |
+| Active enumeration | `container list --quiet` |
+
+The bottle handle mirrors `DockerBottle`: it builds a host argv for
+foreground agent execution, pipes shell snippets through stdin for
+`Bottle.exec`, and exposes `cp_in` for provisioning.
+
+### Launch guard
+
+`launch()` is intentionally not enabled in the first slice. It exits
+with a fatal message explaining that sidecar network enforcement still
+needs implementation.
+
+This is deliberate. A runnable backend that places the agent on a
+normal outbound network while relying on environment variables for
+proxying would violate bot-bottle's egress model. The runnable version
+must prove one of these shapes:
+
+- Apple Container supports the equivalent of Docker's two-network
+  sidecar topology: agent on an internal-only network, sidecar on both
+  internal and egress networks.
+- The sidecar bundle runs as a separate VM/container with published
+  loopback ports, and the agent runtime can be constrained to only
+  reach that per-bottle loopback alias.
+- Apple Container init/network hooks can enforce the egress sidecar as
+  the only outbound path before the agent process starts.
+
+## Implementation chunks
+
+1. Register `macos-container`, add availability/preflight, bottle
+   handle, utility wrappers, cleanup, active enumeration, unit tests,
+   and this PRD.
+2. Spike Apple Container networking against real macOS 26 hosts:
+   repeated `--network`, internal network egress behavior, published
+   loopback reachability from another container, DNS behavior, and
+   labels/JSON output stability.
+3. Implement launch once the enforcement shape is proven. Reuse the
+   existing sidecar bundle image and daemon subset env contract where
+   possible.
+4. Add real-runtime integration tests guarded by `container` presence
+   and macOS version.
+5. Consider moving smolmachines sidecar/image-building work to
+   VM-contained or Apple Container-backed execution only after the
+   `macos-container` launch path is trustworthy.
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+- Unit tests cover backend registration through `known_backend_names`.
+- Unit tests cover availability/preflight behavior without requiring
+  macOS.
+- Unit tests cover `MacosContainerBottle` command construction and
+  stdin-based shell execution.
+- Unit tests cover cleanup and active enumeration parsing.
+- Future integration tests must run on a host with Apple Container
+  installed and should verify egress cannot bypass the sidecar.
+
+## References
+
+- [Issue #220 review comment](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/issues/220#issuecomment-1980):
+  smolvm `--port/-p` can expose a guest service to host loopback, and
+  another smolvm guest can reach it through the existing per-bottle
+  loopback alias path.
+- Apple Container command reference: `container run`, `build`, `exec`,
+  port publishing, and network commands.

tests/unit/test_backend_selection.py

@@ -44,8 +44,11 @@ class TestGetBottleBackend(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestKnownBackendNames(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_returns_both_backends_sorted(self):
-        self.assertEqual(("docker", "smolmachines"), known_backend_names())
+    def test_returns_backends_sorted(self):
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ("docker", "macos-container", "smolmachines"),
+            known_backend_names(),
+        )
 
 
 class TestEnumerateActiveAgents(unittest.TestCase):

tests/unit/test_macos_container_bottle.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+"""Unit: Apple Container bottle command construction."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container.bottle import MacosContainerBottle
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerBottle(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_agent_argv_uses_container_exec(self):
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle(
+            "bot-bottle-dev-abc",
+            lambda: None,
+            None,
+            agent_command="codex",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "container", "exec", "--interactive", "--tty",
+                "bot-bottle-dev-abc", "codex", "run",
+            ],
+            bottle.agent_argv(["run"]),
+        )
+
+    def test_agent_argv_includes_workdir(self):
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle(
+            "bot-bottle-dev-abc",
+            lambda: None,
+            None,
+            agent_workdir="/home/node/workspace",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "container", "exec", "--interactive", "--tty",
+                "--workdir", "/home/node/workspace",
+                "bot-bottle-dev-abc", "claude",
+            ],
+            bottle.agent_argv([]),
+        )
+
+    def test_exec_pipes_script_to_shell(self):
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle("bot-bottle-dev-abc", lambda: None, None)
+        with patch("bot_bottle.backend.macos_container.bottle.subprocess.run") as run:
+            run.return_value.returncode = 7
+            run.return_value.stdout = "out"
+            run.return_value.stderr = "err"
+            result = bottle.exec("echo hi", user="root")
+        self.assertEqual(7, result.returncode)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "container", "exec", "--user", "root", "--interactive",
+                "bot-bottle-dev-abc", "sh", "-s",
+            ],
+            run.call_args.args[0],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual("echo hi", run.call_args.kwargs["input"])
+
+    def test_cp_in_uses_container_cp(self):
+        bottle = MacosContainerBottle("bot-bottle-dev-abc", lambda: None, None)
+        with patch("bot_bottle.backend.macos_container.bottle.subprocess.run") as run:
+            bottle.cp_in("/tmp/src", "/home/node/src")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["container", "cp", "/tmp/src", "bot-bottle-dev-abc:/home/node/src"],
+            run.call_args.args[0],
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_macos_container_cleanup.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""Unit: Apple Container cleanup/enumeration helpers."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container import cleanup, enumerate as enum_mod
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container.bottle_cleanup_plan import (
+    MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan,
+)
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerCleanup(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_lists_prefixed_containers(self):
+        completed = cleanup.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[],
+            returncode=0,
+            stdout="bot-bottle-a\nbot-bottle-sidecars-a\nother\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+        with patch.object(cleanup.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed):
+            self.assertEqual(
+                ["bot-bottle-a", "bot-bottle-sidecars-a"],
+                cleanup._list_prefixed_containers(),
+            )
+
+    def test_cleanup_deletes_containers_and_networks(self):
+        plan = MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan(
+            containers=("bot-bottle-a",),
+            networks=("bot-bottle-net-a",),
+        )
+        with patch.object(cleanup.subprocess, "run") as run:
+            cleanup.cleanup(plan)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["container", "delete", "--force", "bot-bottle-a"],
+            run.call_args_list[0].args[0],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["container", "network", "delete", "bot-bottle-net-a"],
+            run.call_args_list[1].args[0],
+        )
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerEnumerate(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_enumerate_active_reads_metadata(self):
+        completed = enum_mod.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[],
+            returncode=0,
+            stdout="bot-bottle-a\nbot-bottle-sidecars-a\nother\n",
+            stderr="",
+        )
+
+        class _Metadata:
+            agent_name = "impl"
+            started_at = "2026-06-10T00:00:00Z"
+            label = "Implement"
+            color = "blue"
+
+        with patch.object(enum_mod.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed), \
+             patch.object(enum_mod, "read_metadata", return_value=_Metadata()):
+            agents = enum_mod.enumerate_active()
+        self.assertEqual(1, len(agents))
+        self.assertEqual("macos-container", agents[0].backend_name)
+        self.assertEqual("a", agents[0].slug)
+        self.assertEqual("impl", agents[0].agent_name)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_macos_container_launch.py

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+"""Unit: Apple Container launch argv construction."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+import tempfile
+from pathlib import Path
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+from typing import cast
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container import launch
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container.bottle_plan import MacosContainerBottlePlan
+
+
+def _plan(
+    *,
+    stage_dir: Path,
+    git: bool = False,
+    supervise: bool = False,
+    agent_git_gate_url: str = "",
+    agent_supervise_url: str = "",
+) -> MacosContainerBottlePlan:
+    routes_path = stage_dir / "source-routes.yaml"
+    routes_path.write_text("routes: []\n", encoding="utf-8")
+    ca_dir = stage_dir / "egress-ca"
+    ca_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+    ca_path = ca_dir / "mitmproxy-ca.pem"
+    ca_path.write_text("ca\n", encoding="utf-8")
+    egress_plan = SimpleNamespace(
+        mitmproxy_ca_host_path=ca_path,
+        routes_path=routes_path,
+        routes=("route",),
+        token_env_map={"EGRESS_TOKEN_0": "HOST_TOKEN"},
+    )
+    if git:
+        upstream = SimpleNamespace(
+            name="origin",
+            identity_file="/host/key",
+            known_hosts_file=Path("/host/known_hosts"),
+        )
+        git_gate_plan = SimpleNamespace(
+            upstreams=(upstream,),
+            entrypoint_script=Path("/state/git/entrypoint.sh"),
+            hook_script=Path("/state/git/pre-receive"),
+            access_hook_script=Path("/state/git/access.sh"),
+        )
+    else:
+        git_gate_plan = SimpleNamespace(upstreams=())
+    supervise_plan = (
+        SimpleNamespace(queue_dir=Path("/state/supervise/queue"))
+        if supervise else None
+    )
+    agent_provision = SimpleNamespace(
+        guest_env={"LITERAL": "value"},
+        provisioned_env={"CODEX_HOME": "/run/codex-home"},
+    )
+    return cast(MacosContainerBottlePlan, SimpleNamespace(
+        stage_dir=stage_dir,
+        slug="dev-abc",
+        container_name="bot-bottle-dev-abc",
+        image="bot-bottle-agent:latest",
+        forwarded_env={"OAUTH_TOKEN": "host-value"},
+        egress_plan=egress_plan,
+        git_gate_plan=git_gate_plan,
+        supervise_plan=supervise_plan,
+        agent_provision=agent_provision,
+        agent_git_gate_url=agent_git_gate_url,
+        agent_supervise_url=agent_supervise_url,
+    ))
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerLaunchArgv(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self._tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory()
+        self.stage_dir = Path(self._tmp.name)
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self._tmp.cleanup()
+
+    def test_sidecar_argv_uses_egress_network_first_and_explicit_dns(self):
+        plan = _plan(stage_dir=self.stage_dir, supervise=True)
+        with patch.object(launch.os, "environ", {
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_MACOS_CONTAINER_DNS": "9.9.9.9",
+        }):
+            argv = launch._sidecar_run_argv(
+                plan,
+                "bot-bottle-sidecars-dev-abc",
+                "bot-bottle-net-dev-abc",
+                "bot-bottle-egress-dev-abc",
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "--network", "bot-bottle-egress-dev-abc",
+                "--network", "bot-bottle-net-dev-abc",
+            ],
+            argv[argv.index("--network"):argv.index("--dns")],
+        )
+        self.assertIn("--dns", argv)
+        self.assertEqual("9.9.9.9", argv[argv.index("--dns") + 1])
+        self.assertIn(
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_SIDECAR_DAEMONS=egress,supervise",
+            argv,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("EGRESS_TOKEN_0", argv)
+        self.assertIn(
+            f"type=bind,source={self.stage_dir / 'egress-ca'},target=/home/mitmproxy/.mitmproxy",
+            argv,
+        )
+        routes_dir = self.stage_dir / "macos-container-egress"
+        self.assertIn(
+            f"type=bind,source={routes_dir},target=/etc/egress,readonly",
+            argv,
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            "routes: []\n",
+            (routes_dir / "routes.yaml").read_text(encoding="utf-8"),
+        )
+        self.assertIn(
+            "type=bind,source=/state/supervise/queue,target=/run/supervise/queue",
+            argv,
+        )
+
+    def test_agent_env_points_proxy_at_sidecar_ip(self):
+        plan = _plan(
+            stage_dir=self.stage_dir,
+            agent_git_gate_url="http://192.168.128.2:9420",
+            agent_supervise_url="http://192.168.128.2:9100/",
+        )
+        env = launch._agent_env_entries(plan, "192.168.128.2")
+        self.assertIn("HTTPS_PROXY=http://192.168.128.2:9099", env)
+        self.assertIn("HTTP_PROXY=http://192.168.128.2:9099", env)
+        self.assertIn("https_proxy=http://192.168.128.2:9099", env)
+        self.assertIn("http_proxy=http://192.168.128.2:9099", env)
+        self.assertIn("NO_PROXY=localhost,127.0.0.1,192.168.128.2", env)
+        self.assertIn("NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS=/usr/local/share/ca-certificates/bot-bottle-mitm-ca.crt", env)
+        self.assertIn("SSL_CERT_FILE=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt", env)
+        self.assertIn("REQUESTS_CA_BUNDLE=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt", env)
+        self.assertIn("GIT_GATE_URL=http://192.168.128.2:9420", env)
+        self.assertIn("MCP_SUPERVISE_URL=http://192.168.128.2:9100/", env)
+        self.assertIn("LITERAL=value", env)
+        self.assertIn("OAUTH_TOKEN", env)
+        self.assertNotIn("CODEX_HOME", env)
+
+    def test_agent_run_uses_internal_network_only(self):
+        plan = _plan(stage_dir=self.stage_dir)
+        argv = launch._agent_run_argv(
+            plan, "bot-bottle-net-dev-abc", "192.168.128.2",
+        )
+        self.assertIn("--network", argv)
+        self.assertEqual("bot-bottle-net-dev-abc", argv[argv.index("--network") + 1])
+        self.assertNotIn("bot-bottle-egress-dev-abc", argv)
+        self.assertEqual(["bot-bottle-agent:latest", "sleep", "2147483647"], argv[-3:])
+
+    def test_git_gate_is_blocked_until_safe_key_delivery_exists(self):
+        plan = _plan(stage_dir=self.stage_dir, git=True)
+        with patch.object(launch, "die", side_effect=SystemExit("die")):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                launch._validate_supported_plan(plan)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_macos_container_util.py

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"""Unit: Apple Container utility helpers."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import unittest
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from bot_bottle.backend.macos_container import util
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerAvailability(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_available_only_on_macos_with_container(self):
+        with patch.object(util.platform, "system", return_value="Darwin"), \
+             patch.object(util.shutil, "which", return_value="/usr/local/bin/container"):
+            self.assertTrue(util.is_available())
+
+    def test_not_available_off_macos(self):
+        with patch.object(util.platform, "system", return_value="Linux"), \
+             patch.object(util.shutil, "which", return_value="/usr/local/bin/container"):
+            self.assertFalse(util.is_available())
+
+    def test_require_container_dies_when_missing(self):
+        with patch.object(util.platform, "system", return_value="Darwin"), \
+             patch.object(util.shutil, "which", return_value=None), \
+             patch.object(util, "die", side_effect=SystemExit("die")):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                util.require_container()
+
+
+class TestMacosContainerCommands(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_build_image(self):
+        with patch.object(util.subprocess, "run") as run:
+            util.build_image("bot-bottle-agent:latest", "/repo", dockerfile="/repo/Dockerfile")
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "container", "build", "-t", "bot-bottle-agent:latest",
+                "-f", "/repo/Dockerfile", "/repo",
+            ],
+            run.call_args.args[0],
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(run.call_args.kwargs["check"])
+
+    def test_container_exists_parses_quiet_list(self):
+        completed = util.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[], returncode=0, stdout="bot-bottle-a\nother\n", stderr="",
+        )
+        with patch.object(util.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed):
+            self.assertTrue(util.container_exists("bot-bottle-a"))
+            self.assertFalse(util.container_exists("bot-bottle-b"))
+
+    def test_image_id_reads_json_digest(self):
+        completed = util.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[], returncode=0, stdout='{"digest":"sha256:abc"}', stderr="",
+        )
+        with patch.object(util.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed):
+            self.assertEqual("sha256:abc", util.image_id("demo:latest"))
+
+    def test_container_ipv4_on_network_reads_inspect_json(self):
+        payload = """[{
+          "status": {
+            "networks": [
+              {
+                "network": "bot-bottle-net-demo",
+                "ipv4Address": "192.168.128.2/24"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        }]"""
+        completed = util.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[], returncode=0, stdout=payload, stderr="",
+        )
+        with patch.object(util.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed):
+            self.assertEqual(
+                "192.168.128.2",
+                util.container_ipv4_on_network(
+                    "bot-bottle-sidecars-demo",
+                    "bot-bottle-net-demo",
+                ),
+            )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()