Add separate `integration-docker` and `integration-firecracker` jobs,
each with an explicit BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND env var, so the backend used
is visible in CI output and skipped backends surface as a distinct job
rather than silent unittest.skip lines.
- integration-docker: ubuntu-latest, BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker
- integration-firecracker: [self-hosted, kvm], BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker,
same-repo PRs + push + workflow_dispatch only (untrusted fork PRs do
not execute on the privileged KVM runner)
- coverage: same same-repo restriction; refs #414 for the planned
follow-up that moves coverage to ubuntu-latest via artifact combination
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The sandbox-escape test was unconditionally skipped when GITEA_ACTIONS=true,
which prevented Firecracker orchestration coverage from being measured even
when BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker is set on the KVM runner.
Narrow the skip to: GITEA_ACTIONS=true AND BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND != firecracker.
When BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker the test is explicitly opted in to run on
the self-hosted KVM runner where the required /dev/kvm + TAP pool exist.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Finding 1: set BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker on the coverage step so
the integration suite actually exercises the Firecracker orchestration
paths rather than defaulting to Docker
- Finding 2: restrict the coverage job to push+workflow_dispatch only;
PR-controlled code no longer executes on the privileged KVM runner
automatically — maintainers trigger workflow_dispatch for trusted PRs
- Finding 3: expand path filters to include workflow files, scripts, and
README so changes to CI configuration trigger the workflow itself
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The self-hosted KVM runner is a persistent machine, so
--break-system-packages is inappropriate. Use --user instead so
coverage (and pyright/pylint for future jobs) land in ~/.local
and survive between runs without touching the system Python.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Re-land the coverage gate deferred from #343. The Firecracker VM/SSH
orchestration (~230 lines) is only exercised by the integration suite,
which needs /dev/kvm + the provisioned TAP/nft pool — a container runner
skips it and those lines read uncovered, so the 90% diff gate can't pass
on ubuntu-latest. Move the `coverage` job to a self-hosted `kvm` runner
with a firecracker-readiness preflight (binary + /dev/kvm + `backend
status`) so the integration test actually runs. Unit/lint stay on
ubuntu-latest. README documents the runner prerequisites.
Depends on a registered self-hosted runner labelled `kvm`; until one is
provisioned this gate will not run. See PRD 0069 / #348.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01WBMWTEtQdJ4W5UrWuLHCck
Collapse "trusted-channel data injection" into prompt injection
throughout — the trusted channel is a delivery vector, not a distinct
attack class. Add explicit inbound/outbound orthogonality framing.
Replace the two redundant "weaker" bullets with a single prompt
injection section and a new blast-radius breakdown covering work
product corruption, malicious commits past gitleaks, exfiltration
through allowlisted channels, and dependency-install injection.
Covers the CVE cascade (DuneSlide, CVE-2026-39861, MCP STDIO injection),
Agentjacking and README-injection attack classes, community opinion
clusters, and a frank assessment of where bot-bottle covers or falls
short against each issue.
2026-07-18 18:08:40 +00:00
4 changed files with 410 additions and 31 deletions
> **NixOS:** enable `virtualisation.docker`, ensure the KVM module is loaded (`boot.kernelModules = [ "kvm-intel" ];` or `kvm-amd`), and add your user to the `kvm` and `docker` groups. For the network pool, consume the flake module — `imports = [ inputs.bot-bottle.nixosModules.firecracker-netpool ]; services.bot-bottle-firecracker = { enable = true; owner = "you"; };` — then `nixos-rebuild switch` (imperative nft/TAP rules don't survive a rebuild; channel users can `imports = [ <bot-bottle>/nix/firecracker-netpool.nix ]`). `firecracker` isn't in nixpkgs by default as a user binary — install the release binary (pin the version) and put it on `PATH`.
> **CI:** the coverage gate (`.gitea/workflows/test.yml` → `coverage` job) runs on a self-hosted runner labelled `kvm`, because the Firecracker backend's VM/SSH orchestration is exercised only by the integration suite, which needs `/dev/kvm` + the provisioned pool (a container runner would skip it and read as uncovered). Provision that runner exactly like a normal Firecracker host — `firecracker` on `PATH`, `/dev/kvm`, Docker, the cached guest kernel + static dropbear, and the pool installed as the persistent systemd unit — then register it with the `kvm` label. The unit/lint jobs still run on `ubuntu-latest`.
```sh
./cli.py start <agent> # builds the image on first run, drops you into claude
It is explicitly pattern-matching and will not catch a sufficiently
crafted payload. There is no semantic / intent-level gate between what
the model decides and what the agent executes.
**Blast radius within the permitted scope**
Inside a tightly-egressed sandbox a successful injection can't
exfiltrate to unknown hosts, but it still has real options:
- *Work product corruption.* The agent can modify, delete, or backdoor
files in the working directory. This is within its permitted scope;
egress controls have nothing to say about it.
- *Malicious commits past the git-gate.* The git-gate scans outbound
refs for secrets (gitleaks), not for semantic code intent. A prompt-
injected agent can commit subtly malicious code — logic bombs,
backdoored auth paths, code that exfiltrates data through the
application's own HTTP clients at runtime — that looks clean to a
secret scanner.
- *Exfiltration through allowlisted channels.* If an attacker knows or
can predict what hosts are in the egress allowlist, those channels are
available for exfiltration. A GitHub remote being allowlisted means
"push to an attacker-controlled fork" is viable. A logging endpoint
being allowlisted means structured data can leave through it. The
outbound DLP scanner catches credential tokens and known secrets but
not arbitrary business data.
- *Dependency installation within the sandbox.* An agent that runs
`npm install` or `pip install` on attacker-specified packages executes
code inside the sandbox with the same capabilities the agent has:
filesystem access, tool calls, calls to allowlisted hosts. Supply chain
injection via package names is in the same injection family, triggered
by the same prompt-injection path.
### What would close the remaining gaps
The blast-radius risks above point at two distinct mitigations that
don't yet exist in bot-bottle:
- *Outbound intent classification.* The egress addon today scans
outbound request content for token patterns. What it lacks is
awareness of context — it can't distinguish "agent is pushing a
legitimate commit" from "agent was injected and is pushing a backdoor."
The `supervise` policy is already the right shape for human-in-the-loop
review on sensitive outbound actions; extending it with context from
the agent's recent tool calls (what files were touched, what was the
triggering task) would narrow the gap.
- *Semantic code review on git push.* gitleaks is the wrong tool for
catching injected logic. A review step on outbound commits — even a
simple diff summary surfaced in `cli.py supervise` before the push is
forwarded — would close the malicious-commit path without requiring
the agent to be fully trusted.
## Sources
- [Ask HN: The new wave of AI agent sandboxes? (Mar 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47444917)
- [OK, let's survey how everybody is sandboxing AI coding agents (Mar 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47185250)
- [The agent harness belongs outside the sandbox (May 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47990675)
- [Show HN: Nono – Kernel-enforced sandboxing for AI agents (Feb 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46849615)
- [Kernel-enforced sandbox for AI agents, MCP and LLM workloads (Feb 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47066574)
- [Sandboxes will be left in 2026 (Feb 2026)](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=47006445)
- [Critical Cursor Flaws / DuneSlide – The Hacker News](https://thehackernews.com/2026/07/critical-cursor-flaws-could-let-prompt.html)
- [Agentjacking Attack – The Hacker News](https://thehackernews.com/2026/06/agentjacking-attack-tricks-ai-coding.html)
- [Friendly Fire: AI Agents Built to Catch Malicious Code – The Hacker News](https://thehackernews.com/2026/07/friendly-fire-ai-agents-built-to-catch.html)
"skipped under act_runner unless BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=firecracker:"
"egress_tls_init uses a host bind mount the runner container can't"
"see, and the network topology hides sibling-gateway visibility — "
"these constraints don't apply on the self-hosted KVM runner",
)
classTestSandboxEscape(unittest.TestCase):
"""End-to-end attacks against a real bottle. The bottle stays
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