feat(smolmachines): run backend on Linux

Port the smolmachines backend so BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines
works on Linux (KVM), not just macOS:

- Preflight gates /dev/kvm presence + accessibility on Linux with
  actionable remediation (kvm module, kvm group).
- smolvm state-DB path is platform-derived (XDG on Linux).
- force_allowlist runs on both platforms and is fail-closed: it
  verifies the persisted TSI allowlist and dies rather than booting
  a VM whose egress confinement it can't confirm. Previously it
  no-oped on Linux, failing OPEN.
- allocate() does per-bottle 127.0.0.<N> scoping on Linux too (no
  ifconfig needed — all of 127/8 is already loopback); only
  ensure_pool's lo0 aliasing stays macOS-only.
- README documents Linux + NixOS host setup.

Linux/KVM integration (the sandbox-escape acceptance gate) is
pending verification on a NixOS host; unit tests cover the new
platform branches.

Issue: #283

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01NkwFXLFff9PYPy4wgVBJp9

.coveragerc

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[run]
+branch = True
+source = .
+
+[report]
+omit =
+    bot_bottle/egress_addon.py
+    bot_bottle/cli/tui.py
+    tests/*

.gitea/workflows/test.yml

@@ -39,8 +39,14 @@ jobs:
         with:
           python-version: "3.12"
 
+      - name: Install dev requirements
+        run: python3 -m pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+
       - name: Run unit tests
-        run: python3 -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit -v
+        run: python3 -m coverage run -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit -v
+
+      - name: Report unit coverage
+        run: python3 -m coverage report -m
 
   integration:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.gitea/workflows/update-badges.yml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ on:
       - '**.py'
       - '.pylintrc'
       - 'pyrightconfig.json'
+      - '.coveragerc'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
@@ -45,10 +46,19 @@ jobs:
           echo "errors=$ERRORS" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "Pyright errors: $ERRORS"
 
+      - name: Run coverage and extract percentage
+        id: coverage
+        run: |
+          python -m coverage run -m unittest discover -t . -s tests/unit > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
+          PERCENT=$(python -m coverage report 2>/dev/null | grep '^TOTAL' | grep -oP '\d+(?=%)' | tail -1)
+          echo "percent=$PERCENT" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "Coverage: $PERCENT%"
+
       - name: Update badges in README
         run: |
           PYLINT_SCORE="${{ steps.pylint.outputs.score }}"
           PYRIGHT_ERRORS="${{ steps.pyright.outputs.errors }}"
+          COVERAGE_PERCENT="${{ steps.coverage.outputs.percent }}"
 
           PYLINT_SCORE_ENCODED=$(echo "$PYLINT_SCORE" | sed 's|/|%2F|g')
 
@@ -58,9 +68,12 @@ jobs:
           if [ -n "$PYRIGHT_ERRORS" ]; then
             sed -i "s|/badge/pyright-[^)]*|/badge/pyright-${PYRIGHT_ERRORS}%20errors-brightgreen|" README.md
           fi
+          if [ -n "$COVERAGE_PERCENT" ]; then
+            sed -i "s|/badge/coverage-[^)]*|/badge/coverage-${COVERAGE_PERCENT}%25-brightgreen|" README.md
+          fi
 
           echo "Updated badges:"
-          grep -E "pylint|pyright" README.md | head -2
+          grep -E "pylint|pyright|coverage" README.md | head -3
 
       - name: Commit and push badge updates
         run: |
@@ -73,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
           else
             echo "Badge changes detected, committing..."
             git add README.md
-            MSG="chore: update quality badges"$'\n\n'"- Pylint: ${{ steps.pylint.outputs.score }}"$'\n'"- Pyright: ${{ steps.pyright.outputs.errors }} errors"$'\n\n'"[skip ci]"
+            MSG="chore: update quality badges"$'\n\n'"- Pylint: ${{ steps.pylint.outputs.score }}"$'\n'"- Pyright: ${{ steps.pyright.outputs.errors }} errors"$'\n'"- Coverage: ${{ steps.coverage.outputs.percent }}%"$'\n\n'"[skip ci]"
             git commit -m "$MSG"
             git push
           fi

.gitignore

@@ -22,3 +22,4 @@ venv/
 .pytest_cache/
 .mypy_cache/
 .ruff_cache/
+.coverage

README.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 [![test](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg?branch=main)](https://gitea.dideric.is/didericis/bot-bottle/actions?workflow=test.yml)
 [![pylint](https://img.shields.io/badge/pylint-9.93%2F10-brightgreen)](https://github.com/PyCQA/pylint)
 [![pyright](https://img.shields.io/badge/pyright-0%20errors-brightgreen)](https://github.com/microsoft/pyright)
+[![coverage](https://img.shields.io/badge/coverage-79%25-brightgreen)](https://coverage.readthedocs.io/)
 
 **Problem:** Developer wants to run a coding agent without supervision, but they don't want a prompt injected or misbehaving agent wrecking their environment or exfiltrating sensitive data.
 
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@
 - **Provider templates (Claude, Codex)** — `Dockerfile.claude` / `Dockerfile.codex`, or a bottle-supplied Dockerfile. Claude auth via long-lived OAuth token; Codex via opt-in host device-auth forwarding.
 - **gVisor auto-detect** — on Linux hosts where `runsc` is registered with Docker, every bottle launches under it for a userspace syscall barrier; no manifest config required.
 - **Apple Container backend (macOS default when available)** — runs the agent and sidecar bundle with Apple's `container` CLI, using a host-only agent network plus a separate sidecar egress network.
-- **Smolmachines backend** — runs the agent in a libkrun micro-VM while the sidecar bundle stays in Docker. TSI and smolmachines DNS filtering close the raw DNS exfiltration gap that exists in the legacy Docker backend.
+- **Smolmachines backend** — runs the agent in a libkrun micro-VM while the sidecar bundle stays in Docker. TSI and smolmachines DNS filtering close the raw DNS exfiltration gap that exists in the legacy Docker backend. Runs on macOS (Hypervisor.framework) and Linux (KVM, `/dev/kvm`).
 - **Legacy Docker backend** — still available for examples, CI, and hosts without Apple Container via `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker` or `--backend=docker`.
 
 ## Architecture
@@ -71,10 +72,26 @@ When the agent exits, `cli.py` tears down every sidecar and both networks; nothi
 
 ## Quickstart
 
-On compatible macOS hosts, the default backend requires Apple's `container` CLI and does not require Docker. The smolmachines backend requires Docker on the host for the sidecar bundle plus smolvm. The legacy Docker backend requires Docker. Claude bottles also need a long-lived Claude Code OAuth token (`claude setup-token`) exported as `BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN`.
+On compatible macOS hosts, the default backend requires Apple's `container` CLI and does not require Docker. The smolmachines backend requires Docker on the host for the sidecar bundle plus `smolvm` (macOS or Linux). The legacy Docker backend requires Docker. Claude bottles also need a long-lived Claude Code OAuth token (`claude setup-token`) exported as `BOT_BOTTLE_CLAUDE_OAUTH_TOKEN`.
 
 Use `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker ./cli.py start <agent>` on hosts where Apple Container is not installed and Docker is the desired backend.
 
+### smolmachines on Linux
+
+The smolmachines backend runs on Linux as well as macOS. On Linux, `smolvm`/libkrun use KVM, so the host needs:
+
+- **`/dev/kvm`** present and accessible. Load `kvm-intel` or `kvm-amd` (and enable virtualization in BIOS/firmware). The invoking user must be in the `kvm` group: `sudo usermod -aG kvm "$USER"` then re-login. bot-bottle preflights this and reports exactly what's missing.
+- **`smolvm`** on `PATH`: `curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh`.
+- **Docker** for the sidecar bundle and image build, same as macOS.
+
+Per-bottle isolation works the same as macOS without any `ifconfig`/sudo step — all of `127.0.0.0/8` is already loopback on Linux, so each bottle's sidecar bundle is published on its own `127.0.0.<N>` and TSI's allowlist is scoped to that `/32`.
+
+```sh
+BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines ./cli.py start <agent>
+```
+
+> **NixOS:** enable `virtualisation.docker`, ensure the KVM module is loaded (`boot.kernelModules = [ "kvm-intel" ];` or `kvm-amd`), and add your user to the `kvm` and `docker` groups. If you run bottles from a Gitea Actions runner, use a `host`-label runner so Docker, `smolvm`, and `/dev/kvm` are all reachable from the job. `smolvm` isn't in nixpkgs — install the release binary (pin the version) and put it on the runner's `PATH`.
+
 ```sh
 ./cli.py start <agent>   # builds the image on first run, drops you into claude
 ```

bot_bottle/backend/__init__.py

@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ class BottleSpec:
     identity: str = ""
     label: str = ""
     color: str = ""
+    # Ordered bottle names selected at launch (issue #269). When non-empty
+    # they are merged in order and replace the agent's `bottle:` field.
+    bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -129,7 +132,11 @@ class BottlePlan(ABC):
         info(f"provider        : {self.agent_provision.template}")
         print_multi("env             ", env_names)
         print_multi("skills          ", list(agent.skills))
-        info(f"bottle          : {agent.bottle}")
+        effective_bottles = (
+            list(spec.bottle_names) if spec.bottle_names
+            else ([agent.bottle] if agent.bottle else [])
+        )
+        print_multi("bottle          ", effective_bottles)
 
         identity = manifest.git_identity_summary()
         if identity:
@@ -363,7 +370,7 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
         Returns the loaded Manifest for the selected agent. Subclasses with
         additional preconditions should override and call
         `super()._validate(spec)` first."""
-        manifest = spec.manifest.load_for_agent(spec.agent_name)
+        manifest = spec.manifest.load_for_agent(spec.agent_name, spec.bottle_names)
         self._validate_skills(manifest.agent.skills)
         self._validate_agent_provider_dockerfile(spec, manifest)
         return manifest
@@ -389,9 +396,12 @@ class BottleBackend(ABC, Generic[PlanT, CleanupT]):
         if not path.is_absolute():
             path = Path(spec.user_cwd) / path
         if not path.is_file():
+            effective = (
+                ", ".join(spec.bottle_names) if spec.bottle_names else manifest.agent.bottle
+            )
             die(
                 f"agent_provider.dockerfile for bottle "
-                f"'{manifest.agent.bottle}' not found: {path}"
+                f"'{effective}' not found: {path}"
             )
 
     @abstractmethod

bot_bottle/backend/docker/capability_apply.py

@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-"""capability_apply — host-side orchestrator for capability-block
-remediation (PRD 0016).
-
-On approval of a capability-block proposal, the dashboard calls
-apply_capability_change(slug, new_dockerfile) which:
-
-  1. Snapshots the agent's transcript dir to
-     ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/transcript/ (best-effort).
-  2. Pushes the agent's working tree via `git push` (best-effort —
-     no upstream / no commits / no git repo all skip with a log).
-  3. Writes the new Dockerfile to
-     ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/Dockerfile (PRD 0016 Phase 1
-     state). The next `cli.py start <agent>` picks it up.
-  4. Force-removes the agent container + all sidecars + the
-     per-bottle networks. Idempotent — missing resources are not
-     errors.
-
-Returns (before, after) Dockerfile contents so the dashboard can
-record / render the diff. (capability-block has no audit log per
-PRD 0013 — the per-bottle Dockerfile state is its own record.)
-
-This is "fire-and-forget" from the agent's perspective: by the time
-the dashboard writes the response file the supervise sidecar is
-gone, so the agent's tool call connection drops without ever
-receiving the response. The replacement agent (next manual
-`cli.py start`) sees the new Dockerfile and starts from there.
-v1 does not auto-relaunch — see PRD 0016's capability-block return
-semantics open question.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import annotations
-
-import shutil
-import subprocess
-
-from ...agent_provider import get_provider
-from ...log import info, warn
-from ...bottle_state import (
-    mark_preserved,
-    per_bottle_dockerfile,
-    transcript_snapshot_dir,
-    write_per_bottle_dockerfile,
-)
-from .sidecar_bundle import sidecar_bundle_container_name
-
-
-# Agent home inside the container (per the repo Dockerfile's
-# `USER node` + `WORKDIR /home/node`). Used to locate the transcript
-# dir + the workspace dir for git push.
-_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER = "/home/node"
-_AGENT_TRANSCRIPT_IN_CONTAINER = f"{_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER}/.claude"
-_AGENT_WORKSPACE_IN_CONTAINER = f"{_AGENT_HOME_IN_CONTAINER}/workspace"
-
-# Per-bottle resource name patterns (mirroring prepare.py).
-def _agent_container_name(slug: str) -> str:
-    return f"bot-bottle-{slug}"
-
-
-def _per_bottle_container_names(slug: str) -> list[str]:
-    """All container names that belong to this bottle. Missing
-    containers are silently skipped by the teardown helper, so it's
-    fine to include names that don't exist for a given bottle."""
-    return [
-        _agent_container_name(slug),
-        sidecar_bundle_container_name(slug),
-    ]
-
-
-def _per_bottle_network_names(slug: str) -> list[str]:
-    return [
-        f"bot-bottle-net-{slug}",
-        f"bot-bottle-egress-{slug}",
-    ]
-
-
-class CapabilityApplyError(RuntimeError):
-    """Raised when the apply fails in a way that should keep the
-    proposal pending (so the operator can retry). Best-effort
-    failures (transcript snapshot, git push) do not raise — they
-    just log and proceed."""
-
-
-# --- Public helpers --------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-def fetch_current_dockerfile(slug: str) -> str:
-    """Return the Dockerfile content the next `cli.py start <agent>`
-    would use for this bottle. If a per-bottle override exists, that
-    one; otherwise the repo's Dockerfile.
-
-    Used by the operator-edit verb to show the current source of
-    truth, and by apply_capability_change for the before-diff."""
-    override = per_bottle_dockerfile(slug)
-    if override is not None:
-        return override
-    repo_dockerfile = get_provider("claude").dockerfile
-    if repo_dockerfile.is_file():
-        return repo_dockerfile.read_text()
-    raise CapabilityApplyError(
-        f"no per-bottle Dockerfile for {slug} and no provider Dockerfile at "
-        f"{repo_dockerfile}"
-    )
-
-
-def apply_capability_change(slug: str, new_dockerfile: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
-    """End-to-end capability-block remediation. See module docstring
-    for the sequence. Returns (before, after) Dockerfile content."""
-    if not new_dockerfile.strip():
-        raise CapabilityApplyError("proposed Dockerfile is empty")
-    before = fetch_current_dockerfile(slug)
-
-    snapshot_transcript(slug)
-    _push_working_tree(slug)
-    write_per_bottle_dockerfile(slug, new_dockerfile)
-    # Set the preserve marker BEFORE teardown so cli.py's session-end
-    # cleanup sees it and keeps the state dir intact for the
-    # operator's `cli.py resume <identity>`. Without the marker the
-    # state dir would be deleted as part of normal session end.
-    mark_preserved(slug)
-    _teardown_bottle(slug)
-
-    return before, new_dockerfile
-
-
-# --- Internals -------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-def snapshot_transcript(slug: str) -> None:
-    """`docker cp` /home/node/.claude out of the agent container into
-    ~/.bot-bottle/state/<slug>/transcript/. Best-effort: missing
-    container, missing dir, or cp error all log a warning and return.
-    The transcript is what `claude --resume` reads to pick up where
-    the agent left off.
-
-    Called from two places:
-      - capability-apply, before tearing the bottle down.
-      - cli.py's session-end path, before the launch context closes,
-        so a crash or normal exit also leaves a transcript on disk
-        (deleted along with the state dir on clean exit, kept on
-        crash or capability-block per the preserve marker)."""
-    container = _agent_container_name(slug)
-    dest = transcript_snapshot_dir(slug)
-    if dest.exists():
-        # Remove any prior snapshot so the new one is a clean copy.
-        shutil.rmtree(dest, ignore_errors=True)
-    dest.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        ["docker", "cp", f"{container}:{_AGENT_TRANSCRIPT_IN_CONTAINER}", str(dest)],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"transcript snapshot skipped "
-            f"({(r.stderr or '').strip() or 'no transcript dir in container?'})"
-        )
-        return
-    info(f"transcript snapshotted to {dest}")
-
-
-def _push_working_tree(slug: str) -> None:
-    """`docker exec <agent> git push` from /home/node/workspace.
-    Best-effort: not-a-git-repo, no upstream, nothing-to-push, no
-    network all log a warning and return. The replacement bottle
-    will pick up whatever's actually upstream."""
-    container = _agent_container_name(slug)
-    r = subprocess.run(
-        [
-            "docker", "exec", container, "sh", "-c",
-            f"cd {_AGENT_WORKSPACE_IN_CONTAINER} && "
-            f"git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree >/dev/null 2>&1 && "
-            f"git push origin HEAD 2>&1 || true",
-        ],
-        capture_output=True, text=True, check=False,
-    )
-    if r.returncode != 0:
-        warn(
-            f"capability-apply: git push skipped "
-            f"({(r.stderr or '').strip() or 'docker exec failed'})"
-        )
-        return
-    output = (r.stdout or "").strip()
-    if output:
-        info(f"capability-apply: git push: {output}")
-    else:
-        info("capability-apply: git push ran (no output — likely not a git workspace)")
-
-
-def _teardown_bottle(slug: str) -> None:
-    """Force-remove all per-bottle docker resources. Idempotent —
-    `docker rm -f` / `docker network rm` silently ignore missing
-    names, so this can be called even mid-rebuild."""
-    info(f"capability-apply: tearing down bottle {slug}")
-    for name in _per_bottle_container_names(slug):
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "rm", "-f", name],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
-        )
-    for net in _per_bottle_network_names(slug):
-        subprocess.run(
-            ["docker", "network", "rm", net],
-            stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False,
-        )
-
-
-__all__ = [
-    "CapabilityApplyError",
-    "apply_capability_change",
-    "fetch_current_dockerfile",
-    "snapshot_transcript",
-]

bot_bottle/backend/docker/compose.py

@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ from ...egress import (
 from ...git_gate import GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME
 from ...log import die, warn
 from ...supervise import (
-    CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT,
     QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER,
     SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME,
     SUPERVISE_PORT,
@@ -233,15 +232,6 @@ def _agent_service(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> dict[str, Any]:
     if plan.use_runsc:
         service["runtime"] = "runsc"
 
-    volumes: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
-    if plan.supervise_plan is not None:
-        volumes.append(_bind(
-            plan.supervise_plan.current_config_dir,
-            CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT,
-        ))
-    if volumes:
-        service["volumes"] = volumes
-
     # The init supervisor inside the bundle owns intra-bundle
     # daemon ordering, so the agent only waits for the bundle
     # container itself.

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/util.py

@@ -68,6 +68,11 @@ def build_image(ref: str, context: str, *, dockerfile: str = "") -> None:
     _ensure_builder_dns()
     args = [_CONTAINER, "build", "-t", ref, "--dns", dns_server()]
     if dockerfile:
+        # `container build` resolves -f relative to the current working
+        # directory, not the build context. Anchor a relative Dockerfile to
+        # the context so builds work from any cwd.
+        if not os.path.isabs(dockerfile):
+            dockerfile = os.path.join(context, dockerfile)
         args.extend(["-f", dockerfile])
     args.append(context)
     subprocess.run(args, check=True)

bot_bottle/backend/resolve_common.py

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ def write_launch_metadata(
         backend=backend,
         label=spec.label,
         color=spec.color,
+        bottle_names=spec.bottle_names,
     ))
 
 

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/launch.py

@@ -141,10 +141,12 @@ def _allocate_resources(
 ) -> tuple[str, str]:
     """Reserve a loopback alias and create the per-bottle docker bridge.
 
-    macOS only routes 127.0.0.1 by default; the per-bottle alias
-    scopes TSI's allowlist to this bottle's published ports so the
-    agent can't reach other bottles' or host services' ports on
-    loopback. No-op on Linux."""
+    The per-bottle alias scopes TSI's allowlist to this bottle's
+    published ports so the agent can't reach other bottles' or host
+    services' ports on loopback. On macOS `ensure_pool` first
+    sudo-aliases the pool on `lo0`; on Linux that's a no-op since
+    all of 127.0.0.0/8 is already loopback, but the per-bottle
+    allocation runs on both."""
     _loopback.ensure_pool()
     loopback_ip = _loopback.allocate(plan.slug)
     network = _bundle.bundle_network_name(plan.slug)
@@ -190,9 +192,11 @@ def _discover_urls(
     return the plan with URLs + guest_env stamped in.
 
     Docker container IPs (192.168.x.x in the daemon's bridge)
-    aren't reachable from the smolvm guest on macOS — TSI uses
-    macOS networking, and macOS sees the daemon's bridge via the
-    published-port loopback forward only.
+    aren't reachable from the smolvm guest — TSI proxies the
+    guest's connects through the host, and the host reaches the
+    bundle only via its published-port loopback forward (the
+    daemon's bridge isn't on the TSI allowlist). The agent dials
+    the published port on the per-bottle loopback alias.
 
     NO_PROXY includes the per-bottle loopback alias so the
     supervise + git-gate URLs bypass HTTPS_PROXY."""
@@ -252,10 +256,11 @@ def _launch_vm(
     """Create, patch, and start the smolvm VM; register teardown.
 
     --allow-cidr is the per-bottle loopback alias so the guest can
-    only reach this bottle's bundle ports. force_allowlist patches
-    smolvm 0.8.0's silent-drop of --allow-cidr when combined with
-    --from. Smolfile isn't usable here — smolvm 0.8.0 makes --from
-    and --smolfile mutually exclusive."""
+    only reach this bottle's bundle ports. force_allowlist then
+    confirms the allowlist persisted (patching smolvm 0.8.0's
+    silent-drop of --allow-cidr when combined with --from) and
+    fails closed if it can't. Smolfile isn't usable here — smolvm
+    0.8.0 makes --from and --smolfile mutually exclusive."""
     _smolvm.machine_create(
         plan.machine_name,
         from_path=agent_from_path,
@@ -263,9 +268,10 @@ def _launch_vm(
         env=plan.guest_env,
     )
     stack.callback(_smolvm.machine_delete, plan.machine_name)
-    # Workaround smolvm 0.8.0: `--allow-cidr` is silently dropped
-    # when combined with `--from`. Patch the persisted state DB
-    # before start so the booted VM's TSI actually enforces.
+    # Confirm the booted VM's TSI allowlist will actually enforce the
+    # /32 before start (smolvm 0.8.0 silently drops `--allow-cidr`
+    # with `--from`, so the persisted state DB is patched if needed).
+    # Fails closed if enforcement can't be confirmed.
     _loopback.force_allowlist(plan.machine_name, [f"{loopback_ip}/32"])
     _smolvm.machine_start(plan.machine_name)
     stack.callback(_smolvm.machine_stop, plan.machine_name)
@@ -275,7 +281,9 @@ def _init_vm(plan: SmolmachinesBottlePlan) -> None:
     """Repair filesystem ownership and wait for exec channel readiness.
 
     Ownership repair: smolvm's pack process remaps files to the host
-    invoker's uid (501 on macOS). /home/node must be node:node so
+    invoker's uid (e.g. 501 on macOS, 1000 on Linux). The chowns use
+    names not numbers so they're correct on either. /home/node must
+    be node:node so
     Claude Code can write ~/.claude.json; /tmp + /var/tmp need root
     mode 1777 so non-root processes can create per-uid scratch dirs.
     All folded into one sh -c to avoid back-to-back exec calls

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/loopback_alias.py

@@ -33,10 +33,13 @@ sudo-add the missing pool on first use per boot — the aliases
 persist on `lo0` until reboot, so subsequent launches don't
 prompt.
 
-Linux native daemons share the host's network namespace; the
-whole `127.0.0.0/8` is reachable by default and aliases are
-unnecessary. The pool logic detects native-Linux and skips sudo
-entirely; the DB patch is also gated on macOS.
+On Linux the whole `127.0.0.0/8` is already routed to `lo`, so
+docker can publish a bundle's ports directly on `127.0.0.<N>`
+with no `ifconfig`/sudo step. `ensure_pool` is therefore a no-op
+on Linux, but per-bottle alias *allocation* and the TSI allowlist
+DB patch run on both platforms — the isolation property is
+identical, it's just cheaper to set up on Linux. The state-DB
+path differs per platform (see `_smolvm_db_path`).
 
 Allocation is coordinated by inspecting running bundle
 containers' published host IPs — each bottle's bundle owns the
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import fcntl
 import json
+import os
 import platform
 import re
 import sqlite3
@@ -57,20 +61,34 @@ from typing import Iterable
 from ...log import die, info
 
 
-# smolvm's persistent VM state on macOS — a SQLite DB whose `vms`
-# table holds one JSON BLOB per machine. The Linux path is
-# different, but smolmachines is macOS-only in v1 (PRD 0023) so
-# we hard-code this. If the file moves under us we'll see a
-# clear FileNotFoundError; not worth defensive cross-platform
-# detection until the backend actually needs Linux.
-_SMOLVM_DB_PATH = (
-    Path.home()
-    / "Library"
-    / "Application Support"
-    / "smolvm"
-    / "server"
-    / "smolvm.db"
-)
+def _smolvm_db_path() -> Path:
+    """smolvm's persistent VM state — a SQLite DB whose `vms` table
+    holds one JSON BLOB per machine. macOS stores it under
+    `Application Support`; Linux follows the XDG base-dir spec
+    (`$XDG_DATA_HOME`, default `~/.local/share`).
+
+    NOTE: the Linux location is inferred from smolvm's documented
+    `~/.local/share` install layout and must be confirmed against a
+    real Linux smolvm install. If it's wrong, `force_allowlist`'s
+    fail-closed check turns it into a clear launch-time error rather
+    than a silent escape."""
+    if platform.system() == "Darwin":
+        return (
+            Path.home()
+            / "Library"
+            / "Application Support"
+            / "smolvm"
+            / "server"
+            / "smolvm.db"
+        )
+    xdg_data = os.environ.get("XDG_DATA_HOME")
+    base = Path(xdg_data) if xdg_data else Path.home() / ".local" / "share"
+    return base / "smolvm" / "server" / "smolvm.db"
+
+
+# Resolved once at import: the host platform doesn't change within a
+# process. Tests patch this attribute directly.
+_SMOLVM_DB_PATH = _smolvm_db_path()
 
 
 # Sixteen aliases by default. Tunable for hosts that want more
@@ -131,51 +149,74 @@ def ensure_pool() -> None:
 
 
 def force_allowlist(machine_name: str, allowed_cidrs: list[str]) -> None:
-    """Patch smolvm's persistent VM-state DB to set the machine's
-    `allowed_cidrs` to the given list. Workaround for smolvm
-    0.8.0's silent-drop of `--allow-cidr` when used with `--from`.
+    """Ensure the machine's persisted TSI allowlist equals
+    `allowed_cidrs`, failing **closed** if that can't be confirmed.
 
-    Must run AFTER `smolvm machine create` (the row has to
-    exist) and BEFORE `smolvm machine start` (smolvm reads the
-    row on start; in-flight VMs don't pick up changes). Once
-    smolvm honors the CLI flag upstream this whole function is
-    redundant — flag-respecting create + remove this call from
-    launch.
+    Runs on both macOS and Linux. It exists because smolvm 0.8.0
+    silently drops `--allow-cidr` when combined with `--from`, so
+    the allowlist has to be written into smolvm's persistent state
+    DB before `machine start`. Rather than assume the flag was
+    dropped, we read the persisted row and only patch when it
+    doesn't already match — so a newer smolvm that honors the flag
+    is left untouched.
 
-    No-op on non-macOS — the DB path differs and the Linux
-    smolmachines code path isn't exercised in v1."""
-    if not _is_macos():
-        return
+    Must run AFTER `smolvm machine create` (the row has to exist)
+    and BEFORE `smolvm machine start` (smolvm reads the row on
+    start; in-flight VMs don't pick up changes).
+
+    Fail-closed: if the state DB is missing, the row is missing, or
+    the allowlist still doesn't match after patching, we `die()`
+    rather than boot a VM whose egress confinement we can't verify
+    — an unconfirmed allowlist is a sandbox-escape risk (the agent
+    VM could reach all of host loopback)."""
+    want = list(allowed_cidrs)
     if not _SMOLVM_DB_PATH.is_file():
         die(
-            f"smolvm state DB not found at {_SMOLVM_DB_PATH}. "
-            f"smolvm 0.8.0 expected? `smolvm --version` to check."
+            f"smolvm state DB not found at {_SMOLVM_DB_PATH}; cannot "
+            f"confirm the TSI allowlist is enforced. Refusing to launch "
+            f"(fail-closed). Check `smolvm --version` and the DB "
+            f"location for your platform."
         )
     con = sqlite3.connect(str(_SMOLVM_DB_PATH))
     try:
-        cur = con.cursor()
-        row = cur.execute(
-            "SELECT data FROM vms WHERE name = ?", (machine_name,),
-        ).fetchone()
-        if row is None:
-            die(
-                f"smolvm DB has no row for machine {machine_name!r} — "
-                f"machine_create must run before force_allowlist."
+        cfg = _read_machine_cfg(con, machine_name)
+        if cfg.get("allowed_cidrs") != want:
+            cfg["allowed_cidrs"] = want
+            # Write as BLOB (the column type smolvm uses) — passing a
+            # plain str makes sqlite store it as Text and smolvm then
+            # fails to read it.
+            con.execute(
+                "UPDATE vms SET data = ? WHERE name = ?",
+                (sqlite3.Binary(json.dumps(cfg).encode()), machine_name),
+            )
+            con.commit()
+            cfg = _read_machine_cfg(con, machine_name)
+        if cfg.get("allowed_cidrs") != want:
+            die(
+                f"could not enforce TSI allowlist {want!r} for machine "
+                f"{machine_name!r} (persisted value is "
+                f"{cfg.get('allowed_cidrs')!r}). Refusing to launch "
+                f"(fail-closed)."
             )
-        cfg = json.loads(row[0])
-        cfg["allowed_cidrs"] = list(allowed_cidrs)
-        # Write as BLOB (the column type smolvm uses) — passing a
-        # plain str makes sqlite store it as Text and smolvm then
-        # fails to read it.
-        cur.execute(
-            "UPDATE vms SET data = ? WHERE name = ?",
-            (sqlite3.Binary(json.dumps(cfg).encode()), machine_name),
-        )
-        con.commit()
     finally:
         con.close()
 
 
+def _read_machine_cfg(con: sqlite3.Connection, machine_name: str) -> dict[str, object]:
+    """Read + JSON-decode a machine's `data` BLOB from the smolvm
+    state DB. Dies (fail-closed) if the row is missing — the caller
+    can't confirm enforcement without it."""
+    row = con.execute(
+        "SELECT data FROM vms WHERE name = ?", (machine_name,),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        die(
+            f"smolvm DB has no row for machine {machine_name!r} — "
+            f"machine_create must run before force_allowlist."
+        )
+    return json.loads(row[0])
+
+
 def allocate(_slug: str) -> str:
     """Pick the lowest-numbered alias from the pool not already
     in use by a running smolmachines bundle. Bails when the pool
@@ -184,16 +225,17 @@ def allocate(_slug: str) -> str:
     used (no on-disk reservation, allocation is purely
     docker-state-driven).
 
-    On non-macOS the whole `127.0.0.0/8` is loopback by default;
-    `127.0.0.1` is fine to share and we skip the alias dance.
-    This still returns a deterministic address so launch.py's
-    callers don't have to branch on platform.
+    Runs on both platforms: the allocation logic (docker-state
+    inspection + the file lock) is platform-independent. macOS
+    needs `ensure_pool` to have aliased the addresses on `lo0`
+    first; on Linux all of `127.0.0.0/8` is already loopback, so
+    docker can publish on the chosen `127.0.0.<N>` with no setup.
+    Per-bottle scoping (so the agent can't reach other bottles' or
+    host services' loopback ports) therefore holds on both.
 
     An exclusive file lock serialises concurrent calls so two
     simultaneous launches don't read the same docker state and
     claim the same alias."""
-    if not _is_macos():
-        return "127.0.0.1"
     _ALLOC_LOCK_PATH.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     with open(_ALLOC_LOCK_PATH, "w", encoding="utf-8") as lf:
         fcntl.flock(lf, fcntl.LOCK_EX)

bot_bottle/backend/smolmachines/util.py

@@ -5,26 +5,58 @@ unit-tested without importing the docker subprocess paths."""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import hashlib
+import os
+import platform
 import shutil
 
 from ...log import die
 
+# libkrun's Linux backend drives the guest through KVM, so the host
+# must expose `/dev/kvm` and the invoking user must be able to open
+# it. macOS uses Hypervisor.framework and needs no device node.
+_KVM_DEVICE = "/dev/kvm"
+
 
 def smolmachines_preflight() -> None:
-    """Ensure `smolvm` is on PATH before the launch flow runs.
-    Called from `_resolve_plan`; gives the operator a clear
-    install pointer rather than a cryptic FileNotFoundError
-    later. `gvproxy` is no longer required — see the PRD's design
-    pivot section."""
-    if shutil.which("smolvm") is not None:
-        return
-    die(
-        "BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines requires `smolvm` on "
-        "PATH. Install with: "
-        "curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh. "
-        "To use the legacy Docker backend instead, set "
-        "BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker or pass --backend=docker."
-    )
+    """Ensure the host can run the smolmachines backend before the
+    launch flow starts. Called from `_resolve_plan`; surfaces a
+    clear, actionable error instead of a cryptic `smolvm` failure
+    deep in launch.
+
+    Checks `smolvm` is on PATH (both platforms) and, on Linux,
+    that `/dev/kvm` exists and is accessible. `gvproxy` is no
+    longer required — see the PRD's design pivot section."""
+    if shutil.which("smolvm") is None:
+        die(
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines requires `smolvm` on "
+            "PATH. Install with: "
+            "curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh. "
+            "To use the legacy Docker backend instead, set "
+            "BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker or pass --backend=docker."
+        )
+    if platform.system() == "Linux":
+        _preflight_kvm()
+
+
+def _preflight_kvm() -> None:
+    """Linux-only: libkrun needs `/dev/kvm`. Distinguish 'KVM not
+    enabled' from 'no permission' so the operator knows which to
+    fix."""
+    if not os.path.exists(_KVM_DEVICE):
+        die(
+            f"BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines needs {_KVM_DEVICE} on "
+            "Linux but it is missing. Enable KVM: load the kvm-intel "
+            "or kvm-amd kernel module (and confirm virtualization is "
+            "enabled in BIOS/firmware). To use the legacy Docker "
+            "backend instead, set BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker."
+        )
+    if not os.access(_KVM_DEVICE, os.R_OK | os.W_OK):
+        die(
+            f"{_KVM_DEVICE} exists but is not readable/writable by the "
+            "current user. Add your user to the `kvm` group "
+            "(`sudo usermod -aG kvm \"$USER\"`) and re-login, or run "
+            "with access to the device."
+        )
 
 
 def smolmachines_bundle_subnet(slug: str) -> tuple[str, str, str]:

bot_bottle/bottle_state.py

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-"""Per-bottle persistent state (PRD 0016).
+"""Per-bottle persistent state.
 
-Holds the per-bottle Dockerfile override that capability-block
-remediation writes, the transcript snapshot the state-preservation
-helper saves before teardown, and the launch metadata that lets
+Holds optional per-bottle Dockerfile overrides, the transcript snapshot
+the state-preservation helper saves before teardown, and the launch metadata that lets
 `cli.py resume <identity>` reconstruct a bottle's spec. State
 lives at:
 
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ _METADATA_NAME = "metadata.json"
 _LIVE_CONFIG_SUBDIR = "live-config"
 LIVE_CONFIG_ROUTES_NAME = "routes.yaml"
 LIVE_CONFIG_ALLOWLIST_NAME = "allowlist"
-# Empty marker file. capability_apply writes it before teardown so
+# Empty marker file. Session preservation writes it before teardown so
 # cli.py's session-end cleanup knows to preserve the state dir for
 # `cli.py resume <identity>`. Absent = clean up.
 _PRESERVE_MARKER = ".preserve"
@@ -112,6 +111,10 @@ class BottleMetadata:
     backend: str = ""
     label: str = ""
     color: str = ""
+    # Ordered bottle names selected at launch (issue #269). Empty tuple
+    # for state dirs written before this change; resume falls back to
+    # the agent's `bottle:` field in that case.
+    bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()
 
 
 def metadata_path(identity: str) -> Path:
@@ -139,6 +142,10 @@ def read_metadata(identity: str) -> BottleMetadata | None:
     if not isinstance(raw, dict):
         return None
     raw_typed = cast(dict[str, object], raw)
+    raw_bottle_names = raw_typed.get("bottle_names", [])
+    bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()
+    if isinstance(raw_bottle_names, list):
+        bottle_names = tuple(str(n) for n in raw_bottle_names if isinstance(n, str))
     return BottleMetadata(
         identity=str(raw_typed.get("identity", identity)),
         agent_name=str(raw_typed.get("agent_name", "")),
@@ -149,6 +156,7 @@ def read_metadata(identity: str) -> BottleMetadata | None:
         backend=str(raw_typed.get("backend", "")),
         label=str(raw_typed.get("label", "")),
         color=str(raw_typed.get("color", "")),
+        bottle_names=bottle_names,
     )
 
 
@@ -164,8 +172,7 @@ def per_bottle_dockerfile_path(identity: str) -> Path:
 
 def per_bottle_dockerfile(identity: str) -> str | None:
     """Return the per-bottle Dockerfile content if present, else
-    None. None means: use the repo's Dockerfile (the original
-    pre-capability-block behavior)."""
+    None. None means: use the provider or manifest Dockerfile."""
     p = per_bottle_dockerfile_path(identity)
     if p.is_file():
         return p.read_text()
@@ -249,9 +256,7 @@ def write_live_config(
 
 
 def transcript_snapshot_dir(identity: str) -> Path:
-    """Where capability_apply stashes the agent's transcript before
-    teardown, so the next `cli.py start <agent>` can offer to
-    resume from it."""
+    """Where agent session snapshots are kept for resume flows."""
     return bottle_state_dir(identity) / _TRANSCRIPT_SUBDIR
 
 
@@ -278,8 +283,7 @@ def git_gate_state_dir(identity: str) -> Path:
 
 
 def supervise_state_dir(identity: str) -> Path:
-    """State subdir for the supervise sidecar's current-config dir
-    (bind-mounted into the agent at /etc/bot-bottle/current-config).
+    """State subdir reserved for supervise sidecar bind-mount sources.
     The queue dir is intentionally NOT under here — it lives at
     ~/.bot-bottle/queue/<slug>/ alongside the audit logs, so it
     survives state-dir cleanup."""
@@ -301,9 +305,8 @@ def preserve_marker_path(identity: str) -> Path:
 
 def mark_preserved(identity: str) -> Path:
     """Mark this bottle's state for preservation across session
-    teardown. Written by capability_apply.apply_capability_change so
-    cli.py's session-end cleanup leaves the state dir intact for a
-    subsequent `cli.py resume`."""
+    teardown so cli.py's session-end cleanup leaves the state dir
+    intact for a subsequent `cli.py resume`."""
     path = preserve_marker_path(identity)
     path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     path.touch()
@@ -316,7 +319,7 @@ def is_preserved(identity: str) -> bool:
 
 def clear_preserve_marker(identity: str) -> None:
     """Idempotent removal. Called at fresh launch (start or resume)
-    so a marker left from a prior capability-block doesn't keep
+    so a marker left from a prior preserved session doesn't keep
     state alive past the next normal session-end."""
     try:
         preserve_marker_path(identity).unlink()

bot_bottle/cli/cleanup.py

@@ -13,9 +13,8 @@ dirs are shared layout, so docker is the single owner of that
 bucket.
 
 State dirs with `.preserve` are intentionally never touched — they
-hold capability-block rebuilds or crash snapshots the operator may
-want to `resume`. Manual `rm -rf ~/.bot-bottle/state/<identity>`
-is the path for those.
+hold preserved sessions the operator may want to `resume`. Manual
+`rm -rf ~/.bot-bottle/state/<identity>` is the path for those.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations

bot_bottle/cli/resume.py

@@ -4,13 +4,12 @@ Reads ~/.bot-bottle/state/<identity>/metadata.json to recover the
 (agent_name, cwd, copy_cwd) the bottle was originally started with,
 then runs the same launch core as `start` — but pinned to the
 recorded identity so the new bottle picks up any per-bottle Dockerfile
-(from capability-block apply) and transcript snapshot under the same
-state dir.
+override and transcript snapshot under the same state dir.
 
-Use case: an agent calls capability-block, the dashboard approves
-and tears down the bottle, the operator runs
+Use case: an interrupted or preserved bottle needs to be relaunched;
+the operator runs
     ./cli.py resume <identity>
-to bring up the replacement with the new capabilities baked in.
+to bring up the replacement from the recorded state.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -50,6 +49,7 @@ def cmd_resume(argv: list[str]) -> int:
         copy_cwd=metadata.copy_cwd,
         user_cwd=metadata.cwd or USER_CWD,
         identity=metadata.identity,
+        bottle_names=tuple(metadata.bottle_names),
     )
     backend_name = metadata.backend or None
     return _launch_bottle(

bot_bottle/cli/start.py

@@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ from ..bottle_state import (
     is_preserved,
     mark_preserved,
 )
-# from ..backend.docker.capability_apply import snapshot_transcript
 from ..log import info
-from ..manifest import ManifestIndex
+from ..manifest import Manifest, ManifestIndex
 from ._common import PROG, USER_CWD, read_tty_line
 from . import tui
 
@@ -74,6 +73,23 @@ def cmd_start(argv: list[str]) -> int:
 
     backend_name: str | None = args.backend
 
+    # Bottle multiselect: always show after agent selection so operators
+    # can compose bottles at launch time without editing agent manifests.
+    available_bottles = manifest.all_bottle_names
+    lineage_map = _bottle_lineage(manifest)
+    display_labels = [lineage_map.get(n, n) for n in available_bottles]
+    label_to_name = {lineage_map.get(n, n): n for n in available_bottles}
+    initial_bottle = _peek_agent_bottle(manifest, agent_name)
+    initial_labels = [lineage_map.get(initial_bottle, initial_bottle)] if initial_bottle else []
+    selected_labels = tui.filter_multiselect(
+        display_labels,
+        title="Select bottles",
+        initial=initial_labels,
+    )
+    if selected_labels is None:
+        return 0
+    bottle_names = tuple(label_to_name.get(lbl, lbl) for lbl in selected_labels)
+
     label, color = tui.name_color_modal(default_label=agent_name)
     label, color = _resolve_unique_label(label, color)
 
@@ -84,6 +100,7 @@ def cmd_start(argv: list[str]) -> int:
         user_cwd=USER_CWD,
         label=label,
         color=color,
+        bottle_names=bottle_names,
     )
     return _launch_bottle(
         spec,
@@ -190,6 +207,38 @@ def _identity_from_plan(plan: object) -> str:
     return getattr(plan, "slug", "")
 
 
+def _peek_agent_bottle(manifest: ManifestIndex, agent_name: str) -> str:
+    """Return the `bottle:` value from the named agent's frontmatter without
+    fully parsing the agent file, or "" when absent or unreadable.
+
+    Used to pre-populate the bottle multiselect with the agent's default
+    bottle so operators who haven't removed `bottle:` from their manifests
+    don't need to re-select it every time."""
+    if manifest.home_md is None:
+        # Eager mode (from_json_obj): agent is pre-parsed.
+        if agent_name in manifest.agents:
+            return manifest.agents[agent_name].bottle
+        return ""
+
+    from ..manifest_loader import scan_agent_names
+    from ..yaml_subset import YamlSubsetError, parse_frontmatter
+
+    home_agents = scan_agent_names(manifest.home_md / "agents")
+    cwd_agents: dict[str, Path] = {}
+    if manifest.cwd_md is not None:
+        cwd_agents = scan_agent_names(manifest.cwd_md / "agents")
+    merged = {**home_agents, **cwd_agents}
+    path = merged.get(agent_name)
+    if path is None:
+        return ""
+    try:
+        fm, _ = parse_frontmatter(path.read_text())
+        bottle = fm.get("bottle", "")
+        return str(bottle) if isinstance(bottle, str) else ""
+    except (OSError, YamlSubsetError):
+        return ""
+
+
 def _resolve_unique_label(label: str, color: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
     """Re-prompt with a disclaimer until the label's slug is not already
     in use among running bottles.  Passes through unchanged when no
@@ -216,10 +265,112 @@ def _text_prompt_yes() -> bool:
 
 def _text_render_preflight():
     def _render(plan: DockerBottlePlan) -> None:
-        plan.print()
+        print(file=sys.stderr)
+        print(_manifest_to_yaml(plan.manifest), file=sys.stderr)
     return _render
 
 
+def _bottle_lineage(manifest: ManifestIndex) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Return {bottle_name: lineage_label} for bottles that have an extends chain.
+
+    Bottles without a parent are omitted (the caller falls back to the bare name).
+    Labels show the chain root-first: e.g. 'dev -> bot-bottle-dev -> claude-dev'."""
+    if manifest.home_md is None:
+        return {}
+    bottles_dir = manifest.home_md / "bottles"
+    if not bottles_dir.is_dir():
+        return {}
+
+    from ..yaml_subset import YamlSubsetError, parse_frontmatter
+
+    extends_of: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for path in bottles_dir.glob("*.md"):
+        try:
+            fm, _ = parse_frontmatter(path.read_text())
+            parent = fm.get("extends", "")
+            if isinstance(parent, str) and parent:
+                extends_of[path.stem] = parent
+        except (OSError, YamlSubsetError):
+            pass
+
+    labels: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for name in extends_of:
+        chain = [name]
+        seen = {name}
+        cur = name
+        while cur in extends_of:
+            par = extends_of[cur]
+            if par in seen:
+                break
+            chain.append(par)
+            seen.add(par)
+            cur = par
+        labels[name] = " -> ".join(reversed(chain))
+
+    return labels
+
+
+def _manifest_to_yaml(manifest: Manifest) -> str:
+    """Serialize the resolved Manifest to a YAML string for preflight display."""
+    lines: list[str] = []
+
+    agent = manifest.agent
+    lines.append("agent:")
+    if agent.skills:
+        lines.append("  skills:")
+        for s in agent.skills:
+            lines.append(f"    - {s}")
+    if not agent.git_user.is_empty():
+        lines.append("  git-gate:")
+        lines.append("    user:")
+        if agent.git_user.name:
+            lines.append(f"      name: {agent.git_user.name}")
+        if agent.git_user.email:
+            lines.append(f"      email: {agent.git_user.email}")
+
+    bottle = manifest.bottle
+    lines.append("bottle:")
+
+    if bottle.agent_provider.template != "claude" or bottle.agent_provider.dockerfile:
+        lines.append("  agent_provider:")
+        lines.append(f"    template: {bottle.agent_provider.template}")
+        if bottle.agent_provider.dockerfile:
+            lines.append(f"    dockerfile: {bottle.agent_provider.dockerfile}")
+
+    if bottle.env:
+        lines.append("  env:")
+        for k, v in sorted(bottle.env.items()):
+            lines.append(f"    {k}: {v}")
+
+    has_git_gate = not bottle.git_user.is_empty() or bottle.git
+    if has_git_gate:
+        lines.append("  git-gate:")
+        if not bottle.git_user.is_empty():
+            lines.append("    user:")
+            if bottle.git_user.name:
+                lines.append(f"      name: {bottle.git_user.name}")
+            if bottle.git_user.email:
+                lines.append(f"      email: {bottle.git_user.email}")
+        if bottle.git:
+            lines.append("    repos:")
+            for entry in bottle.git:
+                lines.append(f"      {entry.Name}:")
+                lines.append(f"        url: {entry.Upstream}")
+
+    if bottle.egress.routes:
+        lines.append("  egress:")
+        lines.append("    routes:")
+        for r in bottle.egress.routes:
+            lines.append(f"      - host: {r.Host}")
+            if r.AuthScheme:
+                lines.append(f"        auth:")
+                lines.append(f"          scheme: {r.AuthScheme}")
+
+    lines.append(f"  supervise: {'true' if bottle.supervise else 'false'}")
+
+    return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
 def _launch_bottle(
     spec: BottleSpec,
     *,
@@ -257,12 +408,8 @@ def _launch_bottle(
             )
             # While the container is still alive: always snapshot the
             # transcript and — if the agent exited non-zero — mark
-            # the state for preservation. Capability-block already
-            # did both before triggering teardown from the dashboard;
-            # this picks up crashes / Ctrl-Cs / OOM kills the same
-            # way. snapshot_transcript is best-effort so the
-            # capability-block path's prior snapshot isn't clobbered
-            # when the container is already gone.
+            # the state for preservation. This picks up crashes /
+            # Ctrl-Cs / OOM kills before cleanup removes the state dir.
             if agent_provider_template == "claude":
                 capture_claude_session_state(identity, exit_code)
         return 0

bot_bottle/cli/supervise.py

@@ -2,9 +2,8 @@
 act on them (approve / modify / reject).
 
 Curses-based TUI; modify-then-approve shells out to $EDITOR. The
-approval handler wires to PRD 0016 (capability-block), which rebuilds
-the bottle Dockerfile. Egress proposals are queued for operator review
-as full routes.yaml updates.
+Egress proposals are queued for operator review as full routes.yaml
+updates.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations
@@ -22,10 +21,6 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 from .. import supervise as _supervise
 from ..bottle_state import read_metadata
-# from ..backend.docker.capability_apply import (
-#     CapabilityApplyError,
-#     apply_capability_change,
-# )
 from ..backend.docker.egress_apply import (
     EgressApplyError,
     applicator as _docker_applicator,
@@ -38,10 +33,6 @@ from ..backend.smolmachines.egress_apply import (
 )
 from ..log import Die, error, info
 
-
-class CapabilityApplyError(RuntimeError):
-    """Placeholder while capability_apply is disabled."""
-
 from ..supervise import (
     COMPONENT_FOR_TOOL,
     AuditEntry,
@@ -50,12 +41,10 @@ from ..supervise import (
     STATUS_APPROVED,
     STATUS_MODIFIED,
     STATUS_REJECTED,
-    TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
     TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK,
     TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW,
-    archive_proposal,
     list_pending_proposals,
     render_diff,
     write_audit_entry,
@@ -83,7 +72,7 @@ class QueuedProposal:
 # Errors any remediation engine may raise. Caught by the TUI key
 # handlers and surfaced in the status line so a failed apply keeps
 # the proposal pending rather than crashing curses.
-ApplyError = (CapabilityApplyError, EgressApplyError)
+ApplyError = (EgressApplyError,)
 
 
 def apply_routes_change(slug: str, content: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
@@ -143,8 +132,6 @@ def _detail_lines(
 
 
 def _suffix_for_tool(tool: str) -> str:
-    if tool == TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK:
-        return ".dockerfile"
     if tool in (TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK):
         return ".yaml"
     if tool in (TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW, TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW):
@@ -166,17 +153,6 @@ def approve(
     file_to_apply = final_file if final_file is not None else qp.proposal.proposed_file
 
     diff_before, diff_after = "", ""
-    # if qp.proposal.tool == TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK:
-    #     _meta = read_metadata(qp.proposal.bottle_slug)
-    #     if _meta is not None and not _meta.compose_project:
-    #         raise CapabilityApplyError(
-    #             "capability-block remediation is not supported for smolmachines "
-    #             "bottles. Reject this proposal or handle the capability change "
-    #             "manually, then restart the bottle."
-    #         )
-    #     diff_before, diff_after = apply_capability_change(
-    #         qp.proposal.bottle_slug, file_to_apply,
-    #     )
     if qp.proposal.tool in (TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK):
         diff_before, diff_after = apply_routes_change(
             qp.proposal.bottle_slug,
@@ -194,9 +170,6 @@ def approve(
         qp, action=status, notes=notes,
         diff_before=diff_before, diff_after=diff_after,
     )
-    if qp.proposal.tool == TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK:
-        archive_proposal(qp.queue_dir, qp.proposal.id)
-
 
 def reject(qp: QueuedProposal, *, reason: str) -> None:
     """Write a rejection response and an audit entry."""
@@ -346,7 +319,7 @@ def _list_once() -> int:
     return 0
 
 
-def _try_init_green() -> int:
+def _try_init_green() -> int:  # pragma: no cover
     """Initialise a green color pair and return its attr, or 0."""
     try:
         curses.start_color()
@@ -357,7 +330,7 @@ def _try_init_green() -> int:
         return 0
 
 
-def _main_loop(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow") -> None:  # type: ignore
+def _main_loop(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow") -> None:  # type: ignore  # pragma: no cover
     curses.curs_set(0)
     stdscr.timeout(_REFRESH_INTERVAL_MS)
     green_attr = _try_init_green()
@@ -447,7 +420,7 @@ def _render(
     status_line: str,
     *,
     green_attr: int = 0,  # noqa: F841 — unused, but required by interface
-) -> None:
+) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
     stdscr.erase()
     h, w = stdscr.getmaxyx()
     header = f"bot-bottle supervise  ({len(pending)} pending)"
@@ -498,7 +471,7 @@ def _detail_view(
     qp: QueuedProposal,
     *,
     green_attr: int = 0,
-) -> None:
+) -> None:  # pragma: no cover
     """Render the full proposal. Scrollable. Press q to return."""
     lines = _detail_lines(qp, green_attr=green_attr)
     offset = 0
@@ -550,7 +523,7 @@ def _detail_view(
             return
 
 
-def _modify(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow", qp: QueuedProposal) -> str | None:  # type: ignore
+def _modify(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow", qp: QueuedProposal) -> str | None:  # type: ignore  # pragma: no cover
     """Suspend curses, open $EDITOR on the proposed file, return edited content."""
     suffix = _suffix_for_tool(qp.proposal.tool)
     curses.endwin()
@@ -561,7 +534,7 @@ def _modify(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow", qp: QueuedProposal) -> str | None:
     return edited
 
 
-def _prompt(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow", label: str) -> str:  # type: ignore
+def _prompt(stdscr: "curses._CursesWindow", label: str) -> str:  # type: ignore  # pragma: no cover
     """One-line input at the bottom of the screen."""
     curses.curs_set(1)
     h, _ = stdscr.getmaxyx()

bot_bottle/cli/tui.py

@@ -17,6 +17,43 @@ import sys
 from typing import Any, Optional
 
 
+def filter_multiselect(
+    items: list[str],
+    *,
+    title: str = "",
+    initial: Optional[list[str]] = None,
+    tty_path: str = "/dev/tty",
+) -> Optional[list[str]]:
+    """Render a multi-select picker over *items*.
+
+    Returns the ordered list of selected items, or ``None`` if the user
+    cancelled (Esc / ``q`` / Ctrl-C / Ctrl-D with no items).
+
+    Press Space to toggle the item under the cursor.
+    Press Enter to confirm the current selection.
+    Press Ctrl-D to confirm the current selection (returns even if empty).
+    Press Esc/q to cancel (returns None).
+
+    *initial* pre-populates the selection in insertion order. Items
+    added are appended; removed items leave the remaining order unchanged.
+    """
+    if not items:
+        return []
+
+    try:
+        tty_fd = open(tty_path, "r+b", buffering=0)
+    except OSError:
+        return None
+
+    try:
+        fd_dup = os.dup(tty_fd.fileno())
+        return _run_multiselect(
+            items, title=title, initial=list(initial or []), tty_fd=fd_dup
+        )
+    finally:
+        tty_fd.close()
+
+
 def filter_select(
     items: list[str],
     *,
@@ -221,6 +258,261 @@ def _addstr_safe(screen: Any, row: int, col: int, text: str, attr: int = curses.
         pass
 
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# filter_multiselect internals
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+_KEY_SPACE = 32
+
+
+def _run_multiselect(
+    items: list[str], *, title: str, initial: list[str], tty_fd: int
+) -> Optional[list[str]]:
+    """Drive a curses multi-select session on *tty_fd*."""
+    os.environ.setdefault("TERM", "xterm-256color")
+
+    orig_stdin = sys.__stdin__
+    orig_stdout = sys.__stdout__
+
+    try:
+        import io
+        tty_text = io.TextIOWrapper(io.FileIO(tty_fd, mode='r+'), write_through=True)
+        sys.__stdin__ = tty_text   # type: ignore[assignment]
+        sys.__stdout__ = tty_text  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+        screen = curses.initscr()
+        curses.noecho()
+        curses.cbreak()
+        screen.keypad(True)
+
+        try:
+            result = _multiselect_loop(screen, items, title=title, initial=initial)
+        finally:
+            screen.keypad(False)
+            curses.nocbreak()
+            curses.echo()
+            curses.endwin()
+    except Exception:  # noqa: W0718
+        return None
+    finally:
+        sys.__stdin__ = orig_stdin    # type: ignore[assignment]
+        sys.__stdout__ = orig_stdout  # type: ignore[assignment]
+
+    return result
+
+
+def _multiselect_loop(
+    screen: Any, items: list[str], *, title: str, initial: list[str]
+) -> Optional[list[str]]:
+    query = ""
+    cursor = 0
+    selected: list[str] = [s for s in initial if s in items]
+    # focus = "filter": navigate + toggle items in the filterable list
+    # focus = "order":  navigate + reorder items in the selected list
+    focus = "filter"
+    order_cursor = 0
+
+    while True:
+        filtered = _filter_items(items, query)
+
+        if not filtered:
+            cursor = 0
+        elif cursor >= len(filtered):
+            cursor = len(filtered) - 1
+
+        if not selected:
+            order_cursor = 0
+            if focus == "order":
+                focus = "filter"
+        elif order_cursor >= len(selected):
+            order_cursor = len(selected) - 1
+
+        try:
+            _render_multiselect(
+                screen, filtered, cursor,
+                query=query, title=title, selected=selected,
+                focus=focus, order_cursor=order_cursor,
+            )
+        except curses.error:
+            return None
+
+        try:
+            key = screen.getch()
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            return None
+
+        if key in (_KEY_ESC, _KEY_CTRL_C, ord("q")):
+            return None
+
+        if key == _KEY_CTRL_D:
+            return list(selected)
+
+        # Tab toggles between filter and order focus.
+        if key == ord("\t"):
+            if focus == "filter" and selected:
+                focus = "order"
+                order_cursor = 0
+            else:
+                focus = "filter"
+            continue
+
+        if focus == "filter":
+            if key in (curses.KEY_ENTER, _KEY_ENTER_ALT, ord("\r")):
+                return list(selected)
+
+            elif key == _KEY_SPACE:
+                if filtered:
+                    item = filtered[cursor]
+                    if item in selected:
+                        selected.remove(item)
+                    else:
+                        selected.append(item)
+
+            elif key in (curses.KEY_UP, ord("k")):
+                if cursor > 0:
+                    cursor -= 1
+
+            elif key in (curses.KEY_DOWN, ord("j")):
+                if cursor < len(filtered) - 1:
+                    cursor += 1
+
+            elif key in (curses.KEY_BACKSPACE, _KEY_BACKSPACE_WIN, 127):
+                query = query[:-1]
+                new_filtered = _filter_items(items, query)
+                if cursor >= len(new_filtered):
+                    cursor = max(0, len(new_filtered) - 1)
+
+            elif 32 <= key <= 126 and key != _KEY_SPACE:
+                query += chr(key)
+                cursor = 0
+
+        else:  # focus == "order"
+            if key in (curses.KEY_UP, ord("k")):
+                if order_cursor > 0:
+                    order_cursor -= 1
+
+            elif key in (curses.KEY_DOWN, ord("j")):
+                if order_cursor < len(selected) - 1:
+                    order_cursor += 1
+
+            elif key == ord("K"):
+                # Move selected item up (earlier in order).
+                if order_cursor > 0:
+                    i = order_cursor
+                    selected[i - 1], selected[i] = selected[i], selected[i - 1]
+                    order_cursor -= 1
+
+            elif key == ord("J"):
+                # Move selected item down (later in order).
+                if order_cursor < len(selected) - 1:
+                    i = order_cursor
+                    selected[i], selected[i + 1] = selected[i + 1], selected[i]
+                    order_cursor += 1
+
+            elif key in (curses.KEY_ENTER, _KEY_ENTER_ALT, ord("\r"), _KEY_SPACE):
+                # Remove item from selection while in order mode.
+                del selected[order_cursor]
+                if order_cursor >= len(selected) and order_cursor > 0:
+                    order_cursor -= 1
+
+
+def _render_multiselect(
+    screen: Any,
+    filtered: list[str],
+    cursor: int,
+    *,
+    query: str,
+    title: str,
+    selected: list[str],
+    focus: str = "filter",
+    order_cursor: int = 0,
+) -> None:
+    screen.erase()
+    rows, cols = screen.getmaxyx()
+    min_rows = 7
+
+    if rows < min_rows:
+        raise curses.error("terminal too small")
+
+    sep = "─" * min(cols - 1, 40)
+    row = 0
+
+    if title and row < rows - 1:
+        _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, title[:cols - 1], curses.A_BOLD)
+        row += 1
+
+    # Filter line — dim when focus is on the order panel.
+    filter_label = f"Filter: {query}"
+    filter_hint = "  [Tab: reorder]" if focus == "filter" and selected else ""
+    filter_attr = curses.A_DIM if focus == "order" else curses.A_NORMAL
+    if row < rows - 1:
+        _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, (filter_label + filter_hint)[:cols - 1], filter_attr)
+        row += 1
+
+    if row < rows - 1:
+        _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, sep)
+        row += 1
+
+    # Compute how many rows the bottom order panel needs.
+    # Cap the visible selected list to keep the filter list legible.
+    order_rows = min(len(selected), max(1, (rows - row) // 3)) if selected else 0
+    # Bottom reserved: sep + order_rows + sep + help = order_rows + 3
+    bottom_reserved = order_rows + 3
+
+    list_start = row
+    list_rows = rows - list_start - bottom_reserved
+    if list_rows < 1:
+        list_rows = 1
+
+    selected_set = set(selected)
+    filter_dim = focus == "order"
+    scroll = max(0, cursor - list_rows + 1)
+    visible = filtered[scroll: scroll + list_rows]
+
+    for idx, item in enumerate(visible):
+        abs_idx = scroll + idx
+        mark = "[*]" if item in selected_set else "[ ]"
+        prefix = "> " if (abs_idx == cursor and focus == "filter") else "  "
+        line = (prefix + mark + " " + item)[:cols - 1]
+        item_attr = curses.A_DIM if filter_dim else (
+            curses.A_REVERSE if abs_idx == cursor else curses.A_NORMAL
+        )
+        if row < rows - bottom_reserved:
+            _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, line, item_attr)
+        row += 1
+
+    # Separator before the order panel.
+    if row < rows - (order_rows + 2):
+        _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, sep)
+        row += 1
+
+    # Order panel.
+    order_scroll = max(0, order_cursor - order_rows + 1)
+    order_visible = selected[order_scroll: order_scroll + order_rows]
+    for idx, item in enumerate(order_visible):
+        abs_idx = order_scroll + idx
+        is_active = focus == "order" and abs_idx == order_cursor
+        prefix = "> " if is_active else "  "
+        line = (prefix + item)[:cols - 1]
+        attr = curses.A_REVERSE if is_active else curses.A_NORMAL
+        if row < rows - 2:
+            _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, line, attr)
+        row += 1
+
+    if row < rows - 1:
+        _addstr_safe(screen, row, 0, sep)
+        row += 1
+
+    if focus == "filter":
+        help_line = "[↑↓/jk] move  [Space] toggle  [Enter] confirm  [Tab] reorder  [Esc/q] cancel"
+    else:
+        help_line = "[↑↓/jk] cursor  [K/J] reorder  [Space/Enter] remove  [Tab] back  [Ctrl-D] done"
+    if row < rows:
+        _addstr_safe(screen, min(rows - 1, row), 0, help_line[:cols - 1])
+
+    screen.refresh()
+
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # name_color_modal — two-step label + color picker
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

bot_bottle/contrib/claude/Dockerfile

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ FROM node:22-slim
 # to it) works against egress's bumped TLS without the agent needing
 # local DNS.
 RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates curl \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates curl ripgrep \
   && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # App-specific deps. Python isn't required by claude-code itself

bot_bottle/contrib/codex/Dockerfile

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 FROM node:22-slim
 
 RUN apt-get update \
-  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates curl procps \
+  && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends git ca-certificates curl procps ripgrep \
   && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
 # App-specific deps. Python isn't required by codex itself

bot_bottle/contrib/gitea/deploy_key_provisioner.py

@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 from ...deploy_key_provisioner import DeployKeyCollisionError, DeployKeyProvisioner
 
+# Timeout for ssh-keygen and Gitea API HTTP calls. A hung Gitea instance at
+# prepare time would stall bottle launch indefinitely without this bound.
+_API_TIMEOUT_SECS = 30
+_KEYGEN_TIMEOUT_SECS = 10
+
 
 class GiteaDeployKeyProvisioner(DeployKeyProvisioner):
     """Manages deploy keys on a Gitea instance."""
@@ -46,6 +51,7 @@ class GiteaDeployKeyProvisioner(DeployKeyProvisioner):
                 check=True,
                 stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
                 stderr=subprocess.DEVNULL,
+                timeout=_KEYGEN_TIMEOUT_SECS,
             )
             private_key = key_path.read_bytes()
             public_key = key_path.with_suffix(".pub").read_text().strip()
@@ -67,7 +73,7 @@ class GiteaDeployKeyProvisioner(DeployKeyProvisioner):
             method="POST",
         )
         try:
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as resp:
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=_API_TIMEOUT_SECS) as resp:
                 body = json.loads(resp.read())
         except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
             _body = _read_error_body(exc)
@@ -98,7 +104,7 @@ class GiteaDeployKeyProvisioner(DeployKeyProvisioner):
             method="DELETE",
         )
         try:
-            with urllib.request.urlopen(req):
+            with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=_API_TIMEOUT_SECS):
                 pass
         except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
             if exc.code == 404:

bot_bottle/egress.py

@@ -210,6 +210,17 @@ def egress_token_env_map(
     return out
 
 
+def _yaml_str_escape(s: str) -> str:
+    """Escape a string for use inside a YAML double-quoted scalar."""
+    return (
+        s.replace("\\", "\\\\")
+         .replace('"', '\\"')
+         .replace("\n", "\\n")
+         .replace("\r", "\\r")
+         .replace("\t", "\\t")
+    )
+
+
 def _route_to_yaml_fields(r: Route) -> dict[str, object]:
     fields: dict[str, object] = {"host": r.host}
     if r.auth_scheme and r.token_env:
@@ -272,12 +283,12 @@ def _render_match_entry(entry: dict[str, object]) -> list[str]:
         for pd in entry["paths"]:  # type: ignore[union-attr]
             pd_dict: dict[str, str] = pd  # type: ignore[assignment]
             if "type" in pd_dict:
-                lines.append(f'          - type: "{pd_dict["type"]}"')
-                lines.append(f'            value: "{pd_dict["value"]}"')
+                lines.append(f'          - type: "{_yaml_str_escape(pd_dict["type"])}"')
+                lines.append(f'            value: "{_yaml_str_escape(pd_dict["value"])}"')
             else:
-                lines.append(f'          - value: "{pd_dict["value"]}"')
+                lines.append(f'          - value: "{_yaml_str_escape(pd_dict["value"])}"')
     if "methods" in entry:
-        methods_str = ", ".join(f'"{m}"' for m in entry["methods"])  # type: ignore[union-attr]
+        methods_str = ", ".join(f'"{_yaml_str_escape(m)}"' for m in entry["methods"])  # type: ignore[union-attr]
         prefix = "      - " if first_key else "        "
         lines.append(f'{prefix}methods: [{methods_str}]')
         first_key = False
@@ -287,8 +298,8 @@ def _render_match_entry(entry: dict[str, object]) -> list[str]:
         first_key = False
         for hd in entry["headers"]:  # type: ignore[union-attr]
             hd_dict: dict[str, str] = hd  # type: ignore[assignment]
-            lines.append(f'          - name: "{hd_dict["name"]}"')
-            lines.append(f'            value: "{hd_dict["value"]}"')
+            lines.append(f'          - name: "{_yaml_str_escape(hd_dict["name"])}"')
+            lines.append(f'            value: "{_yaml_str_escape(hd_dict["value"])}"')
     if first_key:
         lines.append("      - {}")
     return lines
@@ -308,10 +319,10 @@ def egress_render_routes(
         return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
     for r in routes:
         f = _route_to_yaml_fields(r)
-        lines.append(f'  - host: "{f["host"]}"')
+        lines.append(f'  - host: "{_yaml_str_escape(str(f["host"]))}"')
         if "auth_scheme" in f:
-            lines.append(f'    auth_scheme: "{f["auth_scheme"]}"')
-            lines.append(f'    token_env: "{f["token_env"]}"')
+            lines.append(f'    auth_scheme: "{_yaml_str_escape(str(f["auth_scheme"]))}"')
+            lines.append(f'    token_env: "{_yaml_str_escape(str(f["token_env"]))}"')
         if "matches" in f:
             lines.append("    matches:")
             for entry in f["matches"]:  # type: ignore[union-attr]
@@ -331,7 +342,7 @@ def egress_render_routes(
                     items_str = ", ".join(f'"{x}"' for x in dv)
                     lines.append(f"      {dk}: [{items_str}]")
                 elif isinstance(dv, str):
-                    lines.append(f'      {dk}: "{dv}"')
+                    lines.append(f'      {dk}: "{_yaml_str_escape(dv)}"')
     return "\n".join(lines) + "\n"
 
 

bot_bottle/git_gate.py

@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@ from .manifest import ManifestBottle, ManifestGitEntry
 # Short network alias for git-gate inside the sidecar bundle. The
 # agent's `.gitconfig` insteadOf rewrites resolve through this name.
 GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME = "git-gate"
-# Bound half-open git client sessions. If an agent/tool runner is
-# interrupted during push, git daemon should reap the receive-pack
-# child instead of keeping the gate wedged indefinitely.
-GIT_GATE_DAEMON_TIMEOUT_SECS = 15
+# Shared timeout (seconds) for all git-gate subprocess and CGI calls:
+# git daemon (--timeout/--init-timeout), the access-hook subprocess in
+# git_http_backend, and the git http-backend CGI subprocess.
+GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS = 15
 
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
@@ -112,6 +112,15 @@ def git_gate_upstreams_for_bottle(bottle: ManifestBottle) -> tuple[GitGateUpstre
     )
 
 
+def _gitconfig_validate_value(field: str, value: str) -> None:
+    """Raise ValueError if value contains characters that break gitconfig line syntax."""
+    if "\n" in value or "\r" in value:
+        raise ValueError(
+            f"git-gate: {field} contains a newline, which would inject "
+            f"arbitrary gitconfig keys; rejecting manifest entry"
+        )
+
+
 def git_gate_render_gitconfig(
     entries: tuple[ManifestGitEntry, ...], gate_host: str, *, scheme: str = "git",
 ) -> str:
@@ -136,6 +145,7 @@ def git_gate_render_gitconfig(
         "# fetch-from-upstream-before-every-upload-pack via access-hook).\n",
     ]
     for entry in entries:
+        _gitconfig_validate_value(f"repos[{entry.Name!r}].url", entry.Upstream)
         out.append(f'[url "{scheme}://{gate_host}/{entry.Name}.git"]\n')
         out.append(f"\tinsteadOf = {entry.Upstream}\n")
         if entry.RemoteKey and entry.RemoteKey != entry.UpstreamHost:
@@ -148,6 +158,7 @@ def git_gate_render_gitconfig(
                 f"ssh://{entry.UpstreamUser}@{entry.RemoteKey}{port}/"
                 f"{entry.UpstreamPath}"
             )
+            _gitconfig_validate_value(f"repos[{entry.Name!r}].url (resolved alias)", alias)
             out.append(f"\tinsteadOf = {alias}\n")
     return "".join(out)
 
@@ -217,8 +228,8 @@ def git_gate_render_entrypoint(upstreams: tuple[GitGateUpstream, ...]) -> str:
         "",
         "exec git daemon \\",
         "  --reuseaddr \\",
-        f"  --timeout={GIT_GATE_DAEMON_TIMEOUT_SECS} \\",
-        f"  --init-timeout={GIT_GATE_DAEMON_TIMEOUT_SECS} \\",
+        f"  --timeout={GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS} \\",
+        f"  --init-timeout={GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS} \\",
         "  --base-path=/git \\",
         "  --export-all \\",
         "  --enable=receive-pack \\",

bot_bottle/git_http_backend.py

@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
 from pathlib import Path
 from urllib.parse import urlsplit
 
+from .git_gate import GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS
+
 
 DEFAULT_PORT = 9420
 
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ class GitHttpHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
                 [hook_path, "upload-pack", str(repo_dir), peer, peer],
                 capture_output=True,
                 check=False,
+                timeout=GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS,
             )
             if hook.returncode != 0:
                 detail = (hook.stderr or hook.stdout).decode(
@@ -110,6 +113,7 @@ class GitHttpHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
             env=env,
             capture_output=True,
             check=False,
+            timeout=GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS,
         )
         self._write_cgi_response(proc.stdout)
 
@@ -148,7 +152,13 @@ class GitHttpHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
             key, _, value = line.decode("latin1").partition(":")
             value = value.strip()
             if key.lower() == "status":
-                status = int(value.split()[0])
+                try:
+                    status = int(value.split()[0])
+                except (ValueError, IndexError):
+                    self.log_message(
+                        "malformed CGI Status header %r; using 500", value,
+                    )
+                    status = 500
             else:
                 headers.append((key, value))
         self.send_response(status)

bot_bottle/manifest.py

@@ -113,10 +113,8 @@ class ManifestBottle:
     egress: ManifestEgressConfig = field(default_factory=ManifestEgressConfig)
     # Per-bottle stuck-recovery sidecar (PRD 0013). When true (the
     # default, issue #249), the launch step brings up a supervise
-    # sidecar that exposes MCP tools to the agent (egress-block,
-    # capability-block) plus mounts the current-config dir read-only
-    # into the agent at /etc/bot-bottle/current-config. Set
-    # `supervise: false` to skip the sidecar and mount.
+    # sidecar that exposes egress MCP tools to the agent. Set
+    # `supervise: false` to skip the sidecar.
     supervise: bool = True
 
     @classmethod
@@ -215,6 +213,65 @@ def _merge_git_user(
     )
 
 
+def _resolve_effective_bottle_eager(
+    agent_name: str,
+    agent: "ManifestAgent",
+    bottle_names: "tuple[str, ...]",
+    bottles: "Mapping[str, ManifestBottle]",
+) -> "ManifestBottle":
+    """Return the effective ManifestBottle for the eager (from_json_obj) path.
+
+    When bottle_names is non-empty they are merged in order. When empty, falls
+    back to agent.bottle. Raises ManifestError when neither is set."""
+    from .manifest_extends import merge_bottles_runtime
+
+    if bottle_names:
+        resolved: list[ManifestBottle] = []
+        for bn in bottle_names:
+            if bn not in bottles:
+                available = ", ".join(sorted(bottles.keys())) or "(none)"
+                raise ManifestError(
+                    f"bottle '{bn}' not defined. Available: {available}"
+                )
+            resolved.append(bottles[bn])
+        return merge_bottles_runtime(resolved)
+
+    if not agent.bottle:
+        raise ManifestError(
+            f"agent '{agent_name}' has no 'bottle' field and no bottles were "
+            f"selected at launch. Select at least one bottle or add "
+            f"'bottle: <name>' to the agent manifest."
+        )
+    return bottles[agent.bottle]
+
+
+def _resolve_effective_bottle_lazy(
+    agent_name: str,
+    agent_bottle: str,
+    bottle_names: "tuple[str, ...]",
+    bottles_dir: "Path",
+) -> "ManifestBottle":
+    """Return the effective ManifestBottle for the lazy (from_md_dirs) path.
+
+    When bottle_names is non-empty they are resolved from disk and merged in
+    order. When empty, falls back to agent_bottle. Raises ManifestError when
+    neither is set."""
+    from .manifest_extends import merge_bottles_runtime
+    from .manifest_loader import load_bottle_chain_from_dir
+
+    if bottle_names:
+        resolved = [load_bottle_chain_from_dir(bn, bottles_dir) for bn in bottle_names]
+        return merge_bottles_runtime(resolved)
+
+    if not agent_bottle:
+        raise ManifestError(
+            f"agent '{agent_name}' has no 'bottle' field and no bottles were "
+            f"selected at launch. Select at least one bottle or add "
+            f"'bottle: <name>' to the agent manifest."
+        )
+    return load_bottle_chain_from_dir(agent_bottle, bottles_dir)
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class Manifest:
     """Single-agent/bottle value type. Returned by ManifestIndex.load_for_agent().
@@ -360,6 +417,18 @@ class ManifestIndex:
         }
         return cls(bottles=bottles, agents=agents)
 
+    @property
+    def all_bottle_names(self) -> list[str]:
+        """Sorted list of all discoverable bottle names.
+
+        In names-only mode (from resolve/from_md_dirs) this scans bottle
+        filenames without reading their content. In eager mode (from
+        from_json_obj) it returns the pre-parsed bottles' names."""
+        if self.home_md is not None:
+            from .manifest_loader import scan_bottle_names
+            return scan_bottle_names(self.home_md / "bottles")
+        return sorted(self.bottles.keys())
+
     @property
     def all_agent_names(self) -> list[str]:
         """Sorted list of all discoverable agent names.
@@ -376,9 +445,18 @@ class ManifestIndex:
             return sorted(home_names | cwd_names)
         return sorted(self.agents.keys())
 
-    def load_for_agent(self, agent_name: str) -> "Manifest":
+    def load_for_agent(
+        self,
+        agent_name: str,
+        bottle_names: "tuple[str, ...] | None" = None,
+    ) -> "Manifest":
         """Parse the named agent and its bottle; return a single-value Manifest.
 
+        `bottle_names` is an ordered list of bottles selected at launch time.
+        When non-empty they are resolved and merged in order (index 0 = base;
+        later entries override). When empty or None, falls back to the agent's
+        own `bottle:` field. Raises ManifestError when neither is set.
+
         In lazy mode (from resolve/from_md_dirs) the agent file and its
         bottle chain are read from disk for the first time here.  In eager
         mode (from_json_obj) the data is already parsed; this just filters
@@ -389,6 +467,8 @@ class ManifestIndex:
 
         Always raises ManifestError if the agent is unknown or invalid.
         Backends call this at preflight inside _validate."""
+        effective_bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = bottle_names or ()
+
         if self.home_md is None:
             # Eager manifest (from_json_obj): data already parsed; filter to
             # the one requested agent and its bottle so the returned Manifest
@@ -399,12 +479,14 @@ class ManifestIndex:
                     f"agent '{agent_name}' not defined. Available: {available}"
                 )
             agent = self.agents[agent_name]
-            raw_bottle = self.bottles[agent.bottle]
+            raw_bottle = _resolve_effective_bottle_eager(
+                agent_name, agent, effective_bottle_names, self.bottles
+            )
             merged = _merge_git_user(agent.git_user, raw_bottle.git_user)
             bottle = raw_bottle if merged == raw_bottle.git_user else replace(raw_bottle, git_user=merged)
             return Manifest(agent=agent, bottle=bottle)
 
-        from .manifest_loader import load_bottle_chain_from_dir, scan_agent_names
+        from .manifest_loader import scan_agent_names
         from .manifest_schema import validate_agent_frontmatter_keys
         from .yaml_subset import YamlSubsetError, parse_frontmatter
 
@@ -431,26 +513,31 @@ class ManifestIndex:
 
         validate_agent_frontmatter_keys(agent_path, fm.keys())
 
-        bottle_name = fm.get("bottle")
-        if not isinstance(bottle_name, str) or not bottle_name:
-            raise ManifestError(
-                f"agent '{agent_name}' must declare a 'bottle' field "
-                f"naming a defined bottle"
-            )
-
-        # Load the bottle chain (may raise ManifestError).
+        # Determine the effective bottle name(s).
+        agent_bottle = fm.get("bottle") or ""
         bottles_dir = self.home_md / "bottles"
-        raw_bottle = load_bottle_chain_from_dir(bottle_name, bottles_dir)
+        raw_bottle = _resolve_effective_bottle_lazy(
+            agent_name, str(agent_bottle), effective_bottle_names, bottles_dir
+        )
+        effective_bottle_name = (
+            effective_bottle_names[-1] if effective_bottle_names
+            else str(agent_bottle)
+        )
 
         # Build and validate the full ManifestAgent.
         agent_dict: dict[str, object] = {
-            "bottle": bottle_name,
             "skills": fm.get("skills", []),
             "prompt": body.strip(),
         }
+        if agent_bottle:
+            agent_dict["bottle"] = agent_bottle
         if "git-gate" in fm:
             agent_dict["git-gate"] = fm["git-gate"]
-        agent = ManifestAgent.from_dict(agent_name, agent_dict, {bottle_name})
+        # Pass the effective bottle name as the known-bottles set so agents
+        # that have bottle: set are validated; agents without bottle: pass {}
+        # since bottle_names were already resolved above.
+        known = {effective_bottle_name} if effective_bottle_name else set()
+        agent = ManifestAgent.from_dict(agent_name, agent_dict, known)
 
         merged_user = _merge_git_user(agent.git_user, raw_bottle.git_user)
         bottle = raw_bottle if merged_user == raw_bottle.git_user else replace(raw_bottle, git_user=merged_user)

bot_bottle/manifest_agent.py

@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ class ManifestAgentProvider:
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class ManifestAgent:
-    bottle: str
+    # Optional: when empty the operator selects bottles at launch time.
+    bottle: str = ""
     skills: tuple[str, ...] = ()
     prompt: str = ""
     # Per-agent git identity (issue #94). Overlays the referenced
@@ -129,18 +130,20 @@ class ManifestAgent:
                 f"allowed keys are {allowed}."
             )
 
-        bottle = d.get("bottle")
-        if not isinstance(bottle, str) or not bottle:
-            raise ManifestError(
-                f"agent '{name}' must declare a 'bottle' field naming a "
-                f"defined bottle"
-            )
-        if bottle not in bottle_names:
-            available = ", ".join(sorted(bottle_names)) or "(none defined)"
-            raise ManifestError(
-                f"agent '{name}' references bottle '{bottle}', which is not defined. "
-                f"Available: {available}"
-            )
+        bottle_raw = d.get("bottle")
+        bottle = ""
+        if bottle_raw is not None:
+            if not isinstance(bottle_raw, str) or not bottle_raw:
+                raise ManifestError(
+                    f"agent '{name}' bottle must be a non-empty string when declared"
+                )
+            if bottle_raw not in bottle_names:
+                available = ", ".join(sorted(bottle_names)) or "(none defined)"
+                raise ManifestError(
+                    f"agent '{name}' references bottle '{bottle_raw}', which is not defined. "
+                    f"Available: {available}"
+                )
+            bottle = bottle_raw
 
         skills: tuple[str, ...] = ()
         skills_raw = d.get("skills")

bot_bottle/manifest_extends.py

@@ -9,6 +9,58 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .manifest_egress import ManifestEgressConfig
 
 
+def merge_bottles_runtime(bottles: "list[ManifestBottle]") -> "ManifestBottle":
+    """Merge an ordered list of pre-resolved ManifestBottle objects.
+
+    Index 0 is the base; each subsequent entry is applied on top using
+    the same field-merge rules as the file-based extends machinery:
+      env: dict merge, later wins; git_user: per-field overlay, later
+      wins on non-empty; git (repos): union by name, later wins; egress
+      routes: concatenate; agent_provider, supervise: later replaces.
+    """
+    if not bottles:
+        raise ValueError("merge_bottles_runtime requires at least one bottle")
+    result = bottles[0]
+    for override in bottles[1:]:
+        result = _merge_two_bottles_runtime(result, override)
+    return result
+
+
+def _merge_two_bottles_runtime(base: "ManifestBottle", override: "ManifestBottle") -> "ManifestBottle":
+    from .manifest import ManifestBottle, ManifestGitUser
+    from .manifest_egress import ManifestEgressConfig
+
+    merged_env = {**base.env, **override.env}
+
+    merged_git_user = ManifestGitUser(
+        name=override.git_user.name or base.git_user.name,
+        email=override.git_user.email or base.git_user.email,
+    )
+
+    # git repos: union keyed by Name, override wins per-name.
+    base_repos_by_name = {entry.Name: entry for entry in base.git}
+    override_repos_by_name = {entry.Name: entry for entry in override.git}
+    merged_repos_names = list(base_repos_by_name) + [
+        n for n in override_repos_by_name if n not in base_repos_by_name
+    ]
+    merged_git = tuple(
+        override_repos_by_name.get(n, base_repos_by_name[n])
+        for n in merged_repos_names
+    )
+
+    merged_routes = base.egress.routes + override.egress.routes
+    merged_egress = ManifestEgressConfig(routes=merged_routes, Log=override.egress.Log)
+
+    return ManifestBottle(
+        env=merged_env,
+        agent_provider=override.agent_provider,
+        git=merged_git,
+        git_user=merged_git_user,
+        egress=merged_egress,
+        supervise=override.supervise,
+    )
+
+
 def resolve_bottles(raws: dict[str, dict[str, object]]) -> dict[str, ManifestBottle]:
     """Apply `extends:` chains and return resolved ManifestBottle objects."""
     cache: dict[str, ManifestBottle] = {}
@@ -49,33 +101,125 @@ def _resolve_one_bottle(
         repos_cache[name] = _resolve_repos_raw({}, child_raw)
         return bottle
 
-    if not isinstance(parent_name_raw, str):
+    # Normalize to list, accepting both str and list[str].
+    raw_list: list[object]
+    if isinstance(parent_name_raw, str):
+        raw_list = [parent_name_raw]
+    elif isinstance(parent_name_raw, list):
+        raw_list = parent_name_raw
+    else:
         raise ManifestError(
-            f"bottle '{name}' extends must be a string "
+            f"bottle '{name}' extends must be a string or list of strings "
             f"(was {type(parent_name_raw).__name__})"
         )
-    parent_name: str = parent_name_raw
-    if parent_name == name:
-        raise ManifestError(
-            f"bottle '{name}' extends itself; remove the "
-            f"self-reference"
-        )
-    if parent_name not in raws:
-        avail = ", ".join(sorted(raws.keys())) or "(none)"
-        raise ManifestError(
-            f"bottle '{name}' extends '{parent_name}' which is not "
-            f"defined. Available bottles: {avail}"
-        )
-    parent = _resolve_one_bottle(
-        parent_name, raws, cache, repos_cache, seen + (name,)
+
+    # Validate each entry before resolving any of them.
+    parent_names: list[str] = []
+    for i, pname in enumerate(raw_list):
+        if not isinstance(pname, str):
+            raise ManifestError(
+                f"bottle '{name}' extends[{i}] must be a string "
+                f"(was {type(pname).__name__})"
+            )
+        parent_names.append(pname)
+        if pname == name:
+            raise ManifestError(
+                f"bottle '{name}' extends itself; remove the self-reference"
+            )
+        if pname not in raws:
+            avail = ", ".join(sorted(raws.keys())) or "(none)"
+            raise ManifestError(
+                f"bottle '{name}' extends '{pname}' which is not "
+                f"defined. Available bottles: {avail}"
+            )
+
+    combined_parent, combined_repos_raw = _fold_parents(
+        parent_names, raws, cache, repos_cache, seen + (name,)
     )
-    merged_repos_raw = _resolve_repos_raw(repos_cache[parent_name], child_raw)
-    bottle = _merge_bottles(parent, child_raw, merged_repos_raw, name)
+    merged_repos_raw = _resolve_repos_raw(combined_repos_raw, child_raw)
+    bottle = _merge_bottles(combined_parent, child_raw, merged_repos_raw, name)
     cache[name] = bottle
     repos_cache[name] = merged_repos_raw
     return bottle
 
 
+def _fold_parents(
+    parent_names: list[str],
+    raws: dict[str, dict[str, object]],
+    cache: dict[str, ManifestBottle],
+    repos_cache: dict[str, dict[str, object]],
+    seen: tuple[str, ...],
+) -> tuple[ManifestBottle, dict[str, object]]:
+    """Resolve each parent and fold them left-to-right.
+
+    Later parents win over earlier ones on conflict.  The `seen` tuple
+    carries the current bottle's name so cycle detection works across
+    every parent edge in the multi-parent graph."""
+    first = parent_names[0]
+    effective = _resolve_one_bottle(first, raws, cache, repos_cache, seen)
+    effective_repos_raw = repos_cache[first]
+    for pname in parent_names[1:]:
+        later = _resolve_one_bottle(pname, raws, cache, repos_cache, seen)
+        later_repos_raw = repos_cache[pname]
+        effective, effective_repos_raw = _fold_two_bottles(
+            effective, effective_repos_raw, later, later_repos_raw
+        )
+    return effective, effective_repos_raw
+
+
+def _fold_two_bottles(
+    earlier: ManifestBottle,
+    earlier_repos_raw: dict[str, object],
+    later: ManifestBottle,
+    later_repos_raw: dict[str, object],
+) -> tuple[ManifestBottle, dict[str, object]]:
+    """Combine two resolved parent bottles; later wins over earlier."""
+    from .manifest import ManifestBottle, ManifestGitUser
+    from .manifest_egress import ManifestEgressConfig
+    from .manifest_git import parse_git_gate_config
+    from .manifest_util import as_json_object
+
+    merged_env = {**earlier.env, **later.env}
+
+    merged_git_user = ManifestGitUser(
+        name=later.git_user.name or earlier.git_user.name,
+        email=later.git_user.email or earlier.git_user.email,
+    )
+
+    # Repos: union by name; for same-name entries, later wins per-field.
+    # Unlike _resolve_repos_raw, an empty later_repos_raw means "no repos
+    # declared" — it does NOT clear the earlier parent's repos.
+    names = list(earlier_repos_raw) + [
+        n for n in later_repos_raw if n not in earlier_repos_raw
+    ]
+    merged_repos_raw: dict[str, object] = {
+        n: {
+            **as_json_object(earlier_repos_raw.get(n, {}), "earlier parent repo"),
+            **as_json_object(later_repos_raw.get(n, {}), "later parent repo"),
+        }
+        for n in names
+    }
+    if merged_repos_raw:
+        merged_git, _ = parse_git_gate_config("_fold", {"repos": merged_repos_raw})
+    else:
+        merged_git = ()
+
+    # Egress: routes concatenate; scalar fields use last-wins.
+    merged_egress = ManifestEgressConfig(
+        routes=earlier.egress.routes + later.egress.routes,
+        Log=later.egress.Log,
+    )
+
+    return ManifestBottle(
+        env=merged_env,
+        agent_provider=later.agent_provider,
+        git=merged_git,
+        git_user=merged_git_user,
+        egress=merged_egress,
+        supervise=later.supervise,
+    ), merged_repos_raw
+
+
 def _merge_bottles(
     parent: ManifestBottle,
     child_raw: dict[str, object],

bot_bottle/manifest_loader.py

@@ -32,6 +32,25 @@ def check_stale_json(dir_path: Path, md_dir: Path, label: str) -> None:
         )
 
 
+def scan_bottle_names(bottles_dir: Path) -> list[str]:
+    """Scan `<bottles_dir>/*.md` for valid filenames and return sorted bottle names.
+
+    No file content is read. Invalid filenames are skipped with a warning."""
+    result: list[str] = []
+    if not bottles_dir.is_dir():
+        return result
+    for path in sorted(bottles_dir.glob("*.md")):
+        name = entity_name_from_path(path)
+        if name is None:
+            warn(
+                f"skipping {path}: filename must match "
+                f"[a-z][a-z0-9-]*.md (got {path.name!r})"
+            )
+            continue
+        result.append(name)
+    return result
+
+
 def scan_agent_names(agents_dir: Path) -> dict[str, Path]:
     """Scan `<agents_dir>/*.md` for valid filenames and return `{name: path}`.
 
@@ -87,5 +106,7 @@ def load_bottle_chain_from_dir(
         parent = fm.get("extends")
         if isinstance(parent, str):
             to_load.append(parent)
+        elif isinstance(parent, list):
+            to_load.extend(p for p in parent if isinstance(p, str))
 
     return resolve_bottles(raws)[bottle_name]

bot_bottle/manifest_schema.py

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ _FILENAME_RX = re.compile(r"^[a-z][a-z0-9-]*$")
 BOTTLE_KEYS = frozenset(
     {"env", "extends", "agent_provider", "git-gate", "egress", "supervise"}
 )
-AGENT_KEYS_REQUIRED = frozenset({"bottle"})
-AGENT_KEYS_OPTIONAL = frozenset({"skills", "git-gate"})
+AGENT_KEYS_REQUIRED: frozenset[str] = frozenset()
+AGENT_KEYS_OPTIONAL = frozenset({"bottle", "skills", "git-gate"})
 
 # Claude Code subagent fields bot-bottle ignores at launch but does
 # not reject. This lets the same file double as

bot_bottle/supervise.py

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@
 
 The supervise plane is the per-bottle MCP sidecar plus its host-side
 queue/audit support. The sidecar (bot_bottle.supervise_server)
-sits on the bottle's internal network and exposes three MCP tools the
-agent calls when it hits a stuck-recovery category:
+sits on the bottle's internal network and exposes MCP tools the agent
+calls when it needs an operator-reviewed egress change:
 
   * egress-block / allow — agent proposes a new routes.yaml
-  * capability-block — agent proposes a new agent Dockerfile
 
 Each tool call: the agent passes the full proposed file plus a
 justification text. The sidecar validates the proposal syntactically,
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ from pathlib import Path
 SUPERVISE_HOSTNAME = "supervise"
 SUPERVISE_PORT = 9100
 
-TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK = "capability-block"
 TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK = "egress-block"
 TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW = "egress-allow"
 TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW = "gitleaks-allow"
@@ -58,7 +56,6 @@ TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW = "egress-token-allow"
 TOOL_LIST_EGRESS_ROUTES = "list-egress-routes"
 TOOLS: tuple[str, ...] = (
     TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
-    TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
     TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK,
     TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW,
@@ -75,10 +72,6 @@ TOOLS: tuple[str, ...] = (
 EGRESS_FORWARD_PROXY = "http://127.0.0.1:9099"
 EGRESS_INTROSPECT_URL = "http://_egress.local/allowlist"
 
-# capability-block has no on-disk config the operator edits in place
-# (the Dockerfile is rebuilt, not patched), so it has no audit log
-# here — those changes are captured by git history + the rebuild record
-# laid down in PRD 0016.
 COMPONENT_FOR_TOOL: dict[str, str] = {
     TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW: "egress",
     TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK: "egress",
@@ -94,8 +87,6 @@ STATUSES: tuple[str, ...] = (STATUS_APPROVED, STATUS_MODIFIED, STATUS_REJECTED)
 ACTION_OPERATOR_EDIT = "operator-edit"
 
 QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER = "/run/supervise/queue"
-CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT = "/etc/bot-bottle/current-config"
-
 DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL_SEC = 0.5
 
 
@@ -438,59 +429,39 @@ def sha256_hex(content: str) -> str:
 # --- Sidecar plan + abstract lifecycle -------------------------------------
 
 
-# Filename of the staged Dockerfile inside the agent's read-only
-# current-config mount. The capability-block tool's description
-# points the agent at this exact path so it can read the current
-# Dockerfile and propose modifications.
-#
-# routes.yaml + allowlist used to live here too; PRD 0017 chunk 3
-# moved them behind the `list-egress-routes` MCP tool (live state
-# from egress's introspection endpoint) so the agent always sees
-# current data rather than a launch-time snapshot.
-CURRENT_CONFIG_DOCKERFILE = "Dockerfile"
-
-
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class SupervisePlan:
     """Output of Supervise.prepare; consumed by .start.
 
     `queue_dir` is the host directory bind-mounted into the sidecar
-    at /run/supervise/queue. `current_config_dir` is the host
-    directory bind-mounted (read-only) into the *agent* container
-    at /etc/bot-bottle/current-config — currently holds only the
-    Dockerfile snapshot (routes.yaml + allowlist moved to the
-    `list-egress-routes` MCP tool). `internal_network` is
-    empty at prepare time; the backend's launch step fills it via
-    dataclasses.replace before calling .start."""
+    at /run/supervise/queue. `internal_network` is empty at prepare
+    time; the backend's launch step fills it via dataclasses.replace
+    before calling .start."""
 
     slug: str
     queue_dir: Path
-    current_config_dir: Path
     internal_network: str = ""
 
 
 class Supervise(ABC):
     """Per-bottle supervise sidecar. Encapsulates the host-side
-    prepare (queue dir + current-config staging); the sidecar's
-    start/stop lifecycle is backend-specific."""
+    prepare (queue dir staging); the sidecar's start/stop lifecycle
+    is backend-specific."""
 
     def prepare(
         self,
         slug: str,
         stage_dir: Path,
     ) -> SupervisePlan:
-        """Stage the per-bottle queue dir on the host and the
-        current-config dir under `stage_dir`. Returns the plan;
-        `internal_network` must be set by the launch step before
+        """Stage the per-bottle queue dir on the host. Returns the
+        plan; `internal_network` must be set by the launch step before
         .start runs."""
+        del stage_dir
         queue_dir = queue_dir_for_slug(slug)
         queue_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
-        current_config_dir = stage_dir / "current-config"
-        current_config_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
         return SupervisePlan(
             slug=slug,
             queue_dir=queue_dir,
-            current_config_dir=current_config_dir,
         )
 
 # --- Helpers ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -541,8 +512,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "ACTION_OPERATOR_EDIT",
     "AuditEntry",
     "COMPONENT_FOR_TOOL",
-    "CURRENT_CONFIG_DIR_IN_AGENT",
-    "CURRENT_CONFIG_DOCKERFILE",
     "DEFAULT_POLL_INTERVAL_SEC",
     "Proposal",
     "QUEUE_DIR_IN_CONTAINER",
@@ -558,7 +527,6 @@ __all__ = [
     "TOOLS",
     "EGRESS_FORWARD_PROXY",
     "EGRESS_INTROSPECT_URL",
-    "TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK",
     "TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW",
     "TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK",
     "TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW",

bot_bottle/supervise_server.py

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 """Supervise sidecar HTTP server (PRD 0013).
 
-Per-bottle MCP server exposing tools the agent calls to propose config
-changes when stuck. The tools are `allow`, `egress-block`,
-`capability-block`, and `list-egress-routes`.
+Per-bottle MCP server exposing tools the agent calls to propose egress
+config changes when stuck. The tools are `egress-allow`,
+`egress-block`, and `list-egress-routes`.
 
 Each queued tool call:
 
@@ -90,19 +90,19 @@ def parse_jsonrpc(body: bytes) -> JsonRpcRequest:
     try:
         raw = json.loads(body)
     except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_PARSE, f"parse error: {e}") from e
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_PARSE, f"parse error: {e}") from e
     if not isinstance(raw, dict):
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "request must be a JSON object")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "request must be a JSON object")
     if raw.get("jsonrpc") != JSONRPC_VERSION:
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "jsonrpc field must be '2.0'")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "jsonrpc field must be '2.0'")
     method = raw.get("method")
     if not isinstance(method, str):
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "method must be a string")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_REQUEST, "method must be a string")
     params = raw.get("params", {})
     if params is None:
         params = {}
     if not isinstance(params, dict):
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "params must be an object")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "params must be an object")
     rpc_id = raw.get("id", _NO_ID)
     is_notification = rpc_id is _NO_ID
     return JsonRpcRequest(
@@ -117,12 +117,23 @@ _NO_ID = object()
 
 
 class _RpcError(Exception):
+    """Base class for all typed RPC errors that surface as JSON-RPC error responses."""
     def __init__(self, code: int, message: str):
         super().__init__(message)
         self.code = code
         self.message = message
 
 
+class _RpcClientError(_RpcError):
+    """Caller sent a bad request; returned verbatim, no server-side logging."""
+
+
+class _RpcInternalError(_RpcError):
+    """Server-side fault; logged at ERROR with cause, always returns ERR_INTERNAL."""
+    def __init__(self, message: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(ERR_INTERNAL, message)
+
+
 def jsonrpc_result(request_id: object, result: object) -> bytes:
     payload = {"jsonrpc": JSONRPC_VERSION, "id": request_id, "result": result}
     return (json.dumps(payload) + "\n").encode("utf-8")
@@ -242,34 +253,6 @@ TOOL_DEFINITIONS: list[dict[str, object]] = [
             "required": ["routes_yaml", "justification"],
         },
     },
-    {
-        "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-        "description": (
-            "Call when the bottle is missing a tool, skill, permission, "
-            "or env var you need — something that lives in the agent "
-            "Dockerfile rather than in the egress routes. "
-            "Read the current Dockerfile from "
-            "/etc/bot-bottle/current-config/Dockerfile, compose a "
-            "modified version, and pass the full new file plus a "
-            "justification. On approval the supervisor rebuilds the "
-            "bottle from the new Dockerfile and starts a replacement on "
-            "the same branch (wired in PRD 0016; v1 acknowledges only)."
-        ),
-        "inputSchema": {
-            "type": "object",
-            "properties": {
-                "dockerfile": {
-                    "type": "string",
-                    "description": "Full proposed Dockerfile content.",
-                },
-                "justification": {
-                    "type": "string",
-                    "description": "Why this capability is needed.",
-                },
-            },
-            "required": ["dockerfile", "justification"],
-        },
-    },
 ]
 
 
@@ -277,7 +260,6 @@ TOOL_DEFINITIONS: list[dict[str, object]] = [
 # payload (stored in Proposal.proposed_file).
 PROPOSED_FILE_FIELD: dict[str, str] = {
     _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW: "routes_yaml",
-    _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK: "dockerfile",
     _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK: "routes_yaml",
 }
 
@@ -290,26 +272,22 @@ def validate_proposed_file(tool: str, content: str) -> None:
     catches obvious paste-errors / wrong-tool selections before they
     enter the queue."""
     if not content.strip():
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"{tool}: proposed file is empty")
-    if tool == _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK:
-        # Dockerfiles are too varied to validate syntactically beyond
-        # non-empty. The operator reads the diff in the TUI.
-        pass
-    elif tool in (_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK):
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"{tool}: proposed file is empty")
+    if tool in (_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK):
         try:
             config = load_config(content)
         except ValueError as e:
-            raise _RpcError(
+            raise _RpcClientError(
                 ERR_INVALID_PARAMS,
                 f"{tool}: proposed routes.yaml is not valid: {e}",
             ) from e
         if config.log != LOG_OFF:
-            raise _RpcError(
+            raise _RpcClientError(
                 ERR_INVALID_PARAMS,
                 f"{tool}: proposed routes.yaml must not change egress logging",
             )
     else:
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"unknown tool {tool!r}")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"unknown tool {tool!r}")
 
 
 # --- MCP handlers ----------------------------------------------------------
@@ -382,17 +360,17 @@ def handle_tools_call(
     doesn't need operator approval."""
     name = params.get("name")
     if not isinstance(name, str):
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "tools/call missing 'name'")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "tools/call missing 'name'")
     if name == _sv.TOOL_LIST_EGRESS_ROUTES:
         return handle_list_egress_routes(typing.cast(dict[str, object], params.get("arguments", {})), config)
 
     args_raw = params.get("arguments", {})
     if not isinstance(args_raw, dict):
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "tools/call 'arguments' must be an object")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "tools/call 'arguments' must be an object")
 
     justification = args_raw.get("justification")
     if not isinstance(justification, str) or not justification.strip():
-        raise _RpcError(
+        raise _RpcClientError(
             ERR_INVALID_PARAMS,
             f"{name}: 'justification' is required and must be a non-empty string",
         )
@@ -401,13 +379,13 @@ def handle_tools_call(
         file_field = PROPOSED_FILE_FIELD[name]
         proposed_file = args_raw.get(file_field)
         if not isinstance(proposed_file, str):
-            raise _RpcError(
+            raise _RpcClientError(
                 ERR_INVALID_PARAMS,
                 f"{name}: '{file_field}' is required and must be a string",
             )
         validate_proposed_file(name, proposed_file)
     else:
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"unknown tool {name!r}")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, f"unknown tool {name!r}")
 
     proposal = _sv.Proposal.new(
         bottle_slug=config.bottle_slug,
@@ -416,7 +394,10 @@ def handle_tools_call(
         justification=justification,
         current_file_hash=_sv.sha256_hex(proposed_file),
     )
-    _sv.write_proposal(config.queue_dir, proposal)
+    try:
+        _sv.write_proposal(config.queue_dir, proposal)
+    except OSError as e:
+        raise _RpcInternalError(f"failed to write proposal to queue: {e}") from e
     sys.stderr.write(
         f"supervise: queued proposal {proposal.id} ({name}) "
         f"for bottle {config.bottle_slug}; waiting for operator...\n"
@@ -436,7 +417,10 @@ def handle_tools_call(
             "content": [{"type": "text", "text": text}],
             "isError": False,
         }
-    _sv.archive_proposal(config.queue_dir, proposal.id)
+    try:
+        _sv.archive_proposal(config.queue_dir, proposal.id)
+    except OSError as e:
+        raise _RpcInternalError(f"failed to archive proposal: {e}") from e
 
     text = format_response_text(response)
     return {
@@ -470,9 +454,8 @@ def format_pending_response_text(timeout_seconds: float) -> str:
 # --- HTTP transport --------------------------------------------------------
 
 
-# Max request body the server accepts. Generous because Dockerfile
-# proposals can be a few KB; routes.json is small. 1 MB is well above
-# any realistic config file.
+# Max request body the server accepts. 1 MB is well above any realistic
+# routes.yaml proposal.
 MAX_BODY_BYTES = 1 * 1024 * 1024
 
 
@@ -512,7 +495,7 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
 
         try:
             req = parse_jsonrpc(body)
-        except _RpcError as e:
+        except _RpcClientError as e:
             self._write_jsonrpc(jsonrpc_error(None, e.code, e.message))
             return
 
@@ -520,11 +503,19 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
 
         try:
             result = self._dispatch(req, config)
-        except _RpcError as e:
+        except _RpcClientError as e:
             self._write_jsonrpc(jsonrpc_error(req.id, e.code, e.message))
             return
-        except Exception as e:  # noqa: W0718 — catch-all for RPC dispatch errors
-            sys.stderr.write(f"supervise: internal error: {e}\n")
+        except _RpcInternalError as e:
+            cause = e.__cause__
+            detail = f": {cause}" if cause else ""
+            sys.stderr.write(f"supervise: internal error: {e.message}{detail}\n")
+            sys.stderr.flush()
+            self._write_jsonrpc(jsonrpc_error(req.id, ERR_INTERNAL, "internal error"))
+            return
+        except Exception as e:  # noqa: W0718 — unexpected errors
+            sys.stderr.write(f"supervise: unexpected error: {type(e).__name__}: {e}\n")
+            sys.stderr.flush()
             self._write_jsonrpc(jsonrpc_error(req.id, ERR_INTERNAL, "internal error"))
             return
 
@@ -543,7 +534,7 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
             return handle_tools_list(req.params)
         if method == "tools/call":
             return handle_tools_call(req.params, config)
-        raise _RpcError(ERR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, f"method not found: {method}")
+        raise _RpcClientError(ERR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, f"method not found: {method}")
 
     def _write_jsonrpc(self, body: bytes) -> None:
         self.send_response(200)

docs/prds/0065-multi-parent-extends.md

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+# PRD 0065: Multi-parent `extends:` for bottles
+
+- **Status:** Active
+- **Author:** didericis
+- **Created:** 2026-06-25
+- **Issue:** #268
+- **Extends:** PRD 0025 (`0025-bottle-extends.md`)
+
+## Summary
+
+Allow a bottle's `extends:` field to accept either a single bottle name (existing
+behavior) or a list of bottle names (new). Multiple parents are resolved
+independently and folded left-to-right into a single effective parent before the
+child is merged on top. This lets orthogonal concerns (base env, networking/egress,
+agent provider) live in separate bottles and be composed without forcing them into a
+linear chain.
+
+## Problem
+
+PRD 0025 shipped single-parent `extends:` and listed "No multi-parent inheritance"
+as a non-goal. In practice, users want to compose multiple orthogonal bottles — a
+base environment, a networking profile, and an agent-provider override — without
+creating a three-level linear chain that couples unrelated parents to each other.
+The linear chain workaround has two problems:
+
+1. **Ordering constraint.** `networking extends base` works, but then
+   `agent extends networking` can't also pick up `base` without going through
+   `networking`, coupling two unrelated concerns.
+
+2. **Quadratic duplication.** N orthogonal bottles require O(N²) chain variants
+   (one chain per permutation of applied concerns).
+
+Multi-parent `extends:` removes both constraints: each orthogonal concern stays in
+its own bottle, and the child bottle is the only place that names the combination.
+
+## Goals / Success Criteria
+
+- `extends:` accepts a list of strings in addition to a plain string.
+- Backward compat: existing single-string `extends:` is unchanged.
+- Parents are resolved left-to-right; later entries win on conflict.
+- Child wins over all parents (unchanged from PRD 0025).
+- Cycle detection covers multi-parent graphs, not just linear chains.
+- Diamond inheritance: a shared ancestor is resolved once (via the existing cache).
+- Invalid list entries (non-string, undefined bottle, self-reference) die at parse
+  with clear messages.
+- `manifest_loader.py`'s `load_bottle_chain_from_dir` enqueues all parents from a
+  list `extends:` so the resolver sees every bottle in the graph.
+
+## Non-goals
+
+- No change to the agent-vs-bottle trust boundary (PRD 0025 "Alternatives
+  considered" option 2 stays rejected).
+- No MRO / C3 linearization. Left-to-right fold is sufficient for the expected use
+  cases.
+- No preflight display of per-field provenance across multiple parents (same open
+  question as PRD 0025; remains a follow-up).
+
+## Design
+
+### Schema
+
+`extends:` now accepts either form:
+
+```yaml
+# single parent (unchanged)
+extends: base
+
+# multiple parents (new)
+extends: [base, networking]
+```
+
+Both forms are normalized to a list internally. A list with one element behaves
+identically to the string form.
+
+### Merge rules for multi-parent fold
+
+Parents are folded pairwise left-to-right before the child merge. For each step in
+the fold, the "earlier" bottle is the running accumulator and the "later" bottle is
+the next parent. Rules per field:
+
+| Field              | Fold rule                                                    |
+|--------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `env`              | dict merge; later wins on key collision                      |
+| `git-gate.user`    | per-field overlay; later's non-empty fields win              |
+| `git-gate.repos`   | union by name; for same-name entries, later wins per-field   |
+| `egress.routes`    | concatenate (earlier first, later appended)                  |
+| `egress.log`       | later wins (last-wins)                                       |
+| `agent_provider`   | later wins (last-wins)                                       |
+| `supervise`        | later wins (last-wins)                                       |
+
+After the fold, the combined parent is merged against the child using the existing
+PRD 0025 rules (child always wins). The child's `egress.routes` appends to the
+combined parent's concatenated routes; `validate_egress_routes` runs once on the
+final merged set and catches duplicate hosts.
+
+### Algorithm
+
+```
+extends: [p1, p2, p3]
+
+fold:
+  combined = resolve(p1)
+  combined = fold_two(combined, resolve(p2))
+  combined = fold_two(combined, resolve(p3))
+
+merge:
+  result = _merge_bottles(combined, child_raw, name)
+```
+
+`fold_two(earlier, later)` applies the rules in the table above. Cycle detection
+(the `seen` tuple) is passed to each parent resolution call unchanged — if any
+parent's chain circles back to the current bottle, it is caught. The `cache` dict
+ensures a shared ancestor is only resolved once across all parents.
+
+### Error cases
+
+| Condition                              | Error message shape                                              |
+|----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------|
+| `extends` is not a string or list      | `extends must be a string or list of strings (was <type>)`       |
+| A list entry is not a string           | `extends[<i>] must be a string (was <type>)`                     |
+| A list entry names an undefined bottle | `extends '<name>' which is not defined. Available bottles: ...`  |
+| A list entry is the bottle itself      | `extends itself; remove the self-reference`                      |
+| Cycle through any parent edge          | `is in an extends cycle: <chain>`                                |
+
+## Implementation
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_extends.py`
+
+- `_resolve_one_bottle`: accept `str | list[str]` for `extends`; normalize to list;
+  validate each entry; for a single-entry list fall through to the existing
+  single-parent path; for multiple entries call `_fold_parents` then
+  `_merge_bottles`.
+- `_fold_parents(parent_names, raws, cache, repos_cache, seen)`: resolve each
+  parent and fold pairwise left-to-right; return `(effective_bottle,
+  effective_repos_raw)`.
+- `_fold_two_bottles(earlier, earlier_repos_raw, later, later_repos_raw)`: apply
+  the fold rules above; return `(folded_bottle, folded_repos_raw)`.
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_loader.py`
+
+- `load_bottle_chain_from_dir`: when `extends` is a list, enqueue all parent names
+  for loading (previously only `isinstance(parent, str)` was handled).
+
+### `tests/unit/test_manifest_extends.py`
+
+- `TestExtendsErrors.test_non_string_extends_dies`: update to use an integer
+  `extends` value (a list is now valid).
+- New class `TestExtendsMultiParent` covering all cases listed in the issue.
+
+## Testing strategy
+
+Unit tests via `ManifestIndex.from_json_obj` (same resolver surface used by all
+paths). No integration test changes needed — downstream code consumes the already-
+merged bottle and is unchanged.
+
+Test cases:
+- Two-parent list: env union, egress routes concat, git repos union
+- Last-parent-wins on scalar (supervise, agent_provider)
+- Child wins over all parents on conflict
+- Diamond: two parents share an ancestor; ancestor resolved once
+- Single-element list: identical to string form
+- Non-string extends value → ManifestError
+- Non-string list entry → ManifestError
+- Undefined bottle in list → ManifestError
+- Self-reference in list → ManifestError
+- Cycle through multi-parent edge → ManifestError

docs/prds/0066-separate-agent-bottle-selection.md

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# PRD 0066: Separate agent and bottle selection
+
+- **Status:** Active
+- **Author:** claude
+- **Created:** 2026-06-25
+- **Issue:** #269
+
+## Summary
+
+Agents and bottles are two separate concerns: agents carry a system prompt and
+skills; bottles carry infrastructure configuration (egress, git-gate, env,
+agent provider). Today an agent's manifest file hard-codes a single `bottle:`
+reference, which prevents the same agent prompt from being reused across
+projects that need different bottle configurations. This PRD decouples them: at
+launch time, after choosing the agent, the operator picks an ordered list of
+bottles via a multi-select picker. The selected bottles are merged in order
+(later entries override earlier ones) to produce the effective bottle for the
+session.
+
+## Problem
+
+The current `bottle: <name>` field on an agent manifest file binds the agent
+permanently to one bottle. To use the same system prompt with a different bottle
+(e.g. `claude-implementer` at home vs. at a client site that needs a different
+egress policy), the operator must duplicate the agent file and change the
+`bottle:` field. Duplicate agent files drift out of sync.
+
+## Goals / Success Criteria
+
+1. `bottle:` in an agent's frontmatter becomes optional. Existing manifests with
+   `bottle:` continue to work unchanged (backward compat).
+2. After selecting an agent (via the existing single-select picker), a new
+   multi-select bottle picker appears showing all available bottles.
+3. The multi-select picker pre-populates with the agent's `bottle:` value when
+   present.
+4. Confirming with one or more bottles selected uses those bottles, merged in
+   selection order, as the effective bottle for the session.
+5. Confirming with an empty selection falls back to the agent's `bottle:` field.
+   If neither is set, a ManifestError is raised pointing the operator at the fix.
+6. The ordered bottle list is stored in launch metadata so `./cli.py resume`
+   uses the same bottles.
+7. The preflight summary (`y/N` screen) shows the effective bottle name(s).
+8. The multi-select picker supports incremental filtering, Space/Enter to toggle
+   selection, an ordered "Selected: ..." summary line, Ctrl-D to confirm, and
+   Esc/q to cancel the whole start operation.
+9. Unit tests cover: multi-select widget (filter, toggle, confirm, cancel),
+   the `cmd_start` bottle-picker step, and the manifest `load_for_agent`
+   runtime-bottle-merge path.
+
+## Non-goals
+
+- Reordering the selection list from within the picker (order = insertion order;
+  drag-and-drop is out of scope).
+- Storing bottle selection history / MRU.
+- Changes to `./cli.py edit`, `./cli.py list`, or `./cli.py info`.
+- Removing the `bottle:` key from the agent schema (it stays, now optional).
+
+## Design
+
+### `bot_bottle/cli/tui.py` — `filter_multiselect`
+
+```python
+def filter_multiselect(
+    items: list[str],
+    *,
+    title: str = "",
+    initial: list[str] | None = None,
+    tty_path: str = "/dev/tty",
+) -> list[str] | None:
+    """Multi-select variant of filter_select.
+
+    Returns the ordered list of selected items, or None on cancel.
+    Press Space/Enter to toggle the item under the cursor.
+    Press Ctrl-D to confirm. Press Esc/q to cancel.
+    """
+```
+
+Layout:
+
+```
+Select bottles
+Filter: _
+─────────────────────────────────────────
+> [*] claude
+  [ ] dev
+  [ ] codex
+─────────────────────────────────────────
+Selected (in order): claude
+─────────────────────────────────────────
+[↑↓/jk] move  [Space] toggle  [Ctrl-D] done  [Esc] cancel
+```
+
+`initial` pre-populates the ordered selection. `None` means no pre-selection.
+Items added are appended in insertion order; items removed leave the remaining
+order unchanged.
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_schema.py` — optional `bottle:`
+
+`bottle` moves from `AGENT_KEYS_REQUIRED` to `AGENT_KEYS_OPTIONAL`.
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_agent.py` — optional `bottle:`
+
+`ManifestAgent.bottle` changes from `str` (required) to `str = ""`.
+`from_dict` no longer requires the key to be present; the bottle-exists
+validation is skipped when the key is absent.
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_loader.py` — `scan_bottle_names`
+
+```python
+def scan_bottle_names(bottles_dir: Path) -> list[str]:
+    """Scan <bottles_dir>/*.md and return sorted bottle names."""
+```
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest.py` — `ManifestIndex` changes
+
+**`all_bottle_names` property** — analogous to `all_agent_names`; scans
+`home_md / "bottles"` in lazy mode, returns `sorted(self.bottles.keys())` in
+eager mode.
+
+**`load_for_agent(agent_name, bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ())`** — new
+`bottle_names` parameter. When non-empty, the listed bottles are resolved and
+merged in order (index 0 is the base; each subsequent bottle is applied on top
+using the same field-merge rules as `extends:`). The result replaces the bottle
+that `agent.bottle` would have provided. When empty, falls back to `agent.bottle`.
+Raises ManifestError if neither `bottle_names` nor `agent.bottle` is set.
+
+### `bot_bottle/manifest_extends.py` — `merge_bottles_runtime`
+
+```python
+def merge_bottles_runtime(bottles: list[ManifestBottle]) -> ManifestBottle:
+    """Merge an ordered list of pre-resolved ManifestBottle objects.
+
+    Index 0 is the base; each subsequent entry overrides the previous using
+    the same rules as the file-based extends machinery:
+      - env: dict merge, later wins
+      - git_user: per-field overlay, later wins on non-empty
+      - git (repos): union by name, later wins per-name
+      - egress.routes: concatenate
+      - agent_provider, supervise: later bottle's value replaces earlier
+    """
+```
+
+This function operates on already-parsed `ManifestBottle` objects, so it does
+not need to touch the raw-dict path.
+
+### `bot_bottle/backend/__init__.py` — `BottleSpec` + `_validate`
+
+`BottleSpec` gains `bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()`.
+
+`BottleBackend._validate` passes `spec.bottle_names` to `load_for_agent`:
+
+```python
+manifest = spec.manifest.load_for_agent(spec.agent_name, spec.bottle_names)
+```
+
+The preflight print updates `info(f"bottle: {agent.bottle}")` to display the
+effective bottle name(s). When `spec.bottle_names` is non-empty those are
+shown; when empty and `agent.bottle` is set, the agent's `bottle:` is shown.
+
+### `bot_bottle/bottle_state.py` — persist bottle names
+
+`BottleMetadata` gains `bottle_names: tuple[str, ...] = ()`. `read_metadata`
+reads this from JSON (default `()`). `write_launch_metadata` passes
+`spec.bottle_names` through.
+
+### `bot_bottle/cli/start.py` — bottle multiselect step
+
+After agent selection, before the name/color modal:
+
+```python
+available_bottle_names = manifest.all_bottle_names
+# Peek at agent's bottle default for pre-population
+initial_bottle = _peek_agent_bottle(manifest, agent_name)
+initial = [initial_bottle] if initial_bottle else []
+
+bottle_names_list = tui.filter_multiselect(
+    available_bottle_names,
+    title="Select bottles",
+    initial=initial,
+)
+if bottle_names_list is None:
+    return 0  # user cancelled
+bottle_names = tuple(bottle_names_list)
+```
+
+`_peek_agent_bottle` reads the agent file's frontmatter without full parsing,
+returning the `bottle:` value or `""` when absent.
+
+`BottleSpec` is built with `bottle_names=bottle_names`.
+
+### `bot_bottle/cli/resume.py` — bottle names from metadata
+
+```python
+spec = BottleSpec(
+    ...
+    bottle_names=tuple(metadata.bottle_names),
+)
+```
+
+## Implementation chunks
+
+1. **Schema + model** — `manifest_schema.py`, `manifest_agent.py` (optional
+   `bottle:`), `manifest_loader.py` (`scan_bottle_names`), `manifest.py`
+   (`all_bottle_names`, `load_for_agent` signature), `manifest_extends.py`
+   (`merge_bottles_runtime`), `bottle_state.py` (`bottle_names` field),
+   `resolve_common.py` (thread through).
+2. **Backend** — `BottleSpec.bottle_names`, `_validate`, preflight print.
+3. **TUI** — `filter_multiselect` in `tui.py` + unit tests.
+4. **CLI wiring** — `start.py` bottle picker step, `resume.py` metadata load.
+5. **Tests** — `test_cli_start_selector.py` bottle-picker cases,
+   `test_manifest_agent.py` optional-bottle cases, new
+   `test_manifest_bottle_merge.py` for `merge_bottles_runtime`.
+
+## Open questions
+
+None.

docs/prds/prd-new-smolmachines-linux.md

@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+# PRD prd-new: smolmachines backend on Linux
+
+- **Status:** Draft
+- **Author:** Claude
+- **Created:** 2026-06-25
+- **Issue:** #283
+
+## Summary
+
+Make the `smolmachines` backend (PRD 0023) runnable on Linux, not
+just macOS. `smolvm` already supports Linux via KVM (`/dev/kvm`);
+the gap is entirely in bot-bottle's host-side glue, which hard-codes
+macOS assumptions in three places:
+
+1. **Preflight** only checks that `smolvm` is on `PATH` — it never
+   checks the Linux KVM prerequisite, so a misconfigured host fails
+   deep in the launch flow with an opaque `smolvm` error.
+2. **The TSI allowlist enforcement** (`force_allowlist`) — the
+   security property that confines the agent VM to its sidecar
+   bundle's `/32` — **no-ops on Linux today, failing _open_**. The
+   smolvm state-DB path it patches is hard-coded to macOS's
+   `~/Library/Application Support/...`.
+3. **Per-bottle loopback scoping** (`allocate`) returns the shared
+   `127.0.0.1` on Linux, which would let the agent VM reach every
+   service on host loopback — a downgrade from the per-bottle alias
+   isolation macOS gets.
+
+This PRD closes all three so a bottle launched with
+`BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines` on Linux gets the same isolation
+guarantee it gets on macOS, and documents the Linux/NixOS host
+setup. The primary validation target is NixOS, but the changes are
+distro-agnostic.
+
+## Problem
+
+The smolmachines backend runs each bottle's agent inside a libkrun
+microVM via `smolvm`, with egress confined by TSI's `--allow-cidr`
+allowlist set to a single `/32` — the sidecar bundle's loopback
+address. Everything else (host loopback, LAN, internet) is denied at
+the VMM layer. That security property is the entire reason the
+backend exists.
+
+libkrun runs on Hypervisor.framework (macOS) **and** KVM (Linux), and
+`smolvm` ships Linux x86_64 / aarch64 builds that require `/dev/kvm`.
+So the microVM layer already works on Linux. What does not work is
+bot-bottle's host integration, which PRD 0023 explicitly scoped to
+macOS-only for v1. Three concrete blockers:
+
+- **No KVM preflight.** On a Linux host without `/dev/kvm` (kernel
+  module not loaded) or without access to it (user not in the `kvm`
+  group), the failure surfaces as a cryptic `smolvm` non-zero exit
+  mid-launch instead of an actionable message.
+
+- **TSI enforcement fails open on Linux.** `force_allowlist`
+  early-returns on non-macOS. It exists because `smolvm` 0.8.0
+  silently drops `--allow-cidr` when combined with `--from`, so the
+  allowlist has to be patched into smolvm's persisted state DB before
+  `machine start`. On Linux that patch never runs **and** the DB path
+  is the macOS path, so the booted VM's TSI allowlist is whatever
+  smolvm defaulted to — potentially all of `127.0.0.0/8`. That is the
+  exact sandbox-escape the backend is supposed to prevent.
+
+- **No per-bottle loopback isolation on Linux.** `allocate` returns
+  `127.0.0.1` on Linux. Even with a correct allowlist, `127.0.0.1/32`
+  is shared by every service on host loopback, so the agent could
+  reach other bottles' published ports and host services. On macOS
+  this is solved with per-bottle `127.0.0.16..31` aliases added via
+  `sudo ifconfig lo0 alias`. On Linux the whole `127.0.0.0/8` is
+  already routed to `lo`, so docker can publish to `127.0.0.<N>`
+  with **no `ifconfig`/sudo step at all** — the isolation is actually
+  cheaper to achieve than on macOS.
+
+## Goals / Success Criteria
+
+- `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines ./cli.py start <agent>` launches,
+  runs, and tears down a bottle on a Linux host with `/dev/kvm`.
+- The TSI allowlist is enforced on Linux: PRD 0022's
+  `tests/integration/test_sandbox_escape.py` passes against
+  `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines` on Linux (the acceptance gate).
+- Each Linux bottle is scoped to its own `127.0.0.<N>/32`, matching
+  the macOS per-bottle isolation property.
+- A clear, actionable preflight error when `/dev/kvm` is missing or
+  inaccessible, with remediation (load `kvm-intel`/`kvm-amd`, join the
+  `kvm` group).
+- **Fail-closed:** if bot-bottle cannot positively confirm the TSI
+  allowlist was persisted for a machine (DB missing, row missing,
+  patch didn't take), it `die()`s before `machine start` rather than
+  booting a VM with an unverified allowlist.
+- macOS behavior is unchanged.
+- README documents Linux + NixOS host setup.
+
+## Non-goals
+
+- Rootless / non-KVM fallbacks (e.g. software emulation). Linux
+  smolmachines requires `/dev/kvm`, full stop.
+- Removing Docker as a host dependency — the sidecar bundle and
+  image-build pipeline still use Docker on Linux, same as macOS.
+- Auto-installing `smolvm` or configuring KVM on the operator's
+  behalf. Preflight reports; the operator remediates.
+- Nested-virtualization tuning for running the runner itself inside a
+  VM (documented as a caveat, not solved here).
+
+## Design
+
+### Platform detection
+
+Reuse the existing `platform.system()` check already in
+`loopback_alias.py` (`_is_macos()`). "Linux" is "not macOS" for every
+branch below; no new third-platform path.
+
+### Preflight: KVM gate (`util.smolmachines_preflight`)
+
+After the existing `smolvm`-on-`PATH` check, add a Linux-only gate:
+
+- `/dev/kvm` must exist → else `die()` with "enable KVM
+  (`kvm-intel`/`kvm-amd` kernel module)".
+- `/dev/kvm` must be readable + writable by the current user
+  (`os.access(..., R_OK | W_OK)`) → else `die()` with "add your user
+  to the `kvm` group (and re-login)".
+
+macOS is unaffected (Hypervisor.framework needs no device node).
+
+### smolvm state-DB path (platform-aware)
+
+`loopback_alias._SMOLVM_DB_PATH` becomes platform-derived:
+
+- macOS: `~/Library/Application Support/smolvm/server/smolvm.db`
+  (unchanged).
+- Linux: `$XDG_DATA_HOME/smolvm/server/smolvm.db`, defaulting to
+  `~/.local/share/smolvm/server/smolvm.db`.
+
+> **Verification note:** the Linux DB location is inferred from
+> smolvm's documented `~/.local/share` install layout and the XDG
+> base-dir spec. It must be confirmed on a real Linux smolvm install;
+> if smolvm uses a different path or schema, the fail-closed check
+> below turns that into a clear `die()` at launch rather than a silent
+> escape.
+
+### TSI enforcement: cross-platform + fail-closed (`force_allowlist`)
+
+Rework `force_allowlist(machine_name, allowed_cidrs)` to run on
+**both** platforms and to fail closed:
+
+1. Resolve the state DB; if the file is missing, `die()` (cannot
+   confirm enforcement → refuse to launch).
+2. Read the machine's persisted row; if the row is missing, `die()`.
+3. If the row's `allowed_cidrs` already equals the requested list
+   (e.g. a newer `smolvm` that honors `--allow-cidr` at create), do
+   nothing — no write.
+4. Otherwise patch `allowed_cidrs` (the existing BLOB-encoded write)
+   and re-read.
+5. If, after the patch, `allowed_cidrs` still does not equal the
+   requested list, `die()`.
+
+This is robust across smolvm versions: it works whether `--allow-cidr`
+is silently dropped (0.8.0) or honored (newer), and it never boots a
+VM whose persisted allowlist it could not confirm. It is a strict
+improvement on macOS too (today's code writes unconditionally and
+never verifies).
+
+> The persisted-row check confirms our write took, not that smolvm's
+> runtime TSI enforces it. The runtime guarantee is covered by the
+> sandbox-escape acceptance test; the persisted check is the cheap
+> fail-closed guard at launch.
+
+### Per-bottle loopback scoping on Linux (`allocate`)
+
+`allocate` runs the same docker-state-driven allocation on Linux as on
+macOS (`_allocate_locked`, the file lock, and `_aliases_in_use` via
+`docker inspect` are all already cross-platform). The only macOS-only
+step, `ensure_pool` (the `sudo ifconfig lo0 alias` dance), stays
+macOS-only: on Linux `127.0.0.0/8` is already loopback, so docker can
+publish bundle ports directly on `127.0.0.<N>` with no setup.
+
+Net effect: Linux bottles get per-bottle `127.0.0.16..31/32` scoping
+identical to macOS, without sudo.
+
+### Launch flow
+
+`launch.py` needs no structural change — `_allocate_resources` already
+calls `ensure_pool()` (now a Linux no-op) then `allocate()` (now
+per-bottle on Linux), and `_launch_vm` already calls
+`force_allowlist()` (now active on Linux). Only the macOS-specific
+docstrings are updated to describe the cross-platform behavior.
+
+## Implementation chunks
+
+1. **Preflight KVM gate** — `util.smolmachines_preflight` +
+   unit tests for the missing-device and no-access branches.
+2. **Platform-aware DB path + fail-closed `force_allowlist`** —
+   `loopback_alias.py`; update/extend `TestForceAllowlist`.
+3. **Cross-platform `allocate`** — drop the Linux early-return; update
+   `TestAllocate` / `TestAllocateLock` for the new Linux behavior.
+4. **Docstring + comment cleanup** in `launch.py` and module headers.
+5. **Docs** — README requirements + a Linux/NixOS host-setup section.
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+- **Unit (CI, any OS):** the suite mocks `platform.system()` /
+  `subprocess` and patches `_SMOLVM_DB_PATH`, so the new Linux
+  branches are testable on the macOS/Linux CI runner without `smolvm`
+  or KVM. Covers: KVM preflight branches, fail-closed `force_allowlist`
+  (DB missing, row missing, patch-doesn't-take), per-bottle Linux
+  allocation + locking, platform-derived DB path.
+- **Integration (Linux host with KVM — the acceptance gate):**
+  `tests/integration/test_sandbox_escape.py` against
+  `BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=smolmachines`. This cannot run on the macOS dev
+  box and must be executed on NixOS before merge.
+
+## Open questions / verification pending
+
+- **Confirm the Linux smolvm state-DB path and schema** on a real
+  install (the `~/.local/share/...` inference above).
+- **Confirm whether the current smolvm Linux build still drops
+  `--allow-cidr` with `--from`** (the 0.8.0 bug). The fail-closed
+  design handles either answer, but knowing lets us drop the DB patch
+  if upstream fixed it.
+- **Confirm docker publishing to `127.0.0.<N>` on Linux** behaves as
+  expected end-to-end with TSI (high confidence; standard loopback
+  behavior, but unverified on the target host).
+
+## References
+
+- PRD 0023 — smolmachines bottle backend (macOS v1).
+- PRD 0022 — `test_sandbox_escape.py` acceptance gate.
+- PRD 0024 — sidecar bundle image.
+- smolvm: https://github.com/smol-machines/smolvm

requirements-dev.txt

@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@
 
 pylint>=3.0.0
 pyright>=1.1.300
+coverage>=7.0.0

tests/integration/test_sandbox_escape.py

@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@ class TestSandboxEscape(unittest.TestCase):
                     "on PATH: curl -sSL https://smolmachines.com/install.sh | sh"
                 )
 
-        # Throwaway "identity file" for the git-gate's `identity` field.
-        # It need not be a real SSH key: test 5 reaches gitleaks before
-        # any SSH attempt anyway.
+        # Throwaway static key for the git-gate fixture. It need not
+        # be a real SSH key: test 5 reaches gitleaks before any SSH
+        # attempt anyway.
         fd, kp = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix="sandbox-test-key.")
         os.close(fd)
         cls._key_path = Path(kp)
@@ -123,7 +123,10 @@ class TestSandboxEscape(unittest.TestCase):
                     "git-gate": {"repos": {
                         "throwaway": {
                             "url": "ssh://git@unreachable.invalid:22/throwaway.git",
-                            "identity": str(cls._key_path),
+                            "key": {
+                                "provider": "static",
+                                "path": str(cls._key_path),
+                            },
                         },
                     }},
                 },

tests/integration/test_smolmachines_launch.py

@@ -198,6 +198,7 @@ class TestSmolmachinesLaunch(unittest.TestCase):
         # connect fails, which is the property chunk 3 will
         # preserve once egress is actually running.
         r = self.bottle.exec(
+            "env -u HTTPS_PROXY -u HTTP_PROXY -u https_proxy -u http_proxy "
             f"curl -s --show-error --max-time 3 http://{self.plan.bundle_ip}:9099 "
             "2>&1 || true"
         )

tests/unit/test_bottle_state.py

@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ class TestBottleIdentity(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestPreserveMarker(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
-    """The .preserve marker is how capability_apply tells cli.py's
-    session-end cleanup to keep the state dir instead of removing it."""
+    """The .preserve marker tells cli.py's session-end cleanup to keep
+    the state dir instead of removing it."""
 
     def setUp(self):
         self._setup_fake_home()

tests/unit/test_cli_start_selector.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-"""Unit: cmd_start selector dispatch (PRD 0051).
+"""Unit: cmd_start selector dispatch (PRD 0051, issue #269).
 
 Tests that cmd_start calls filter_select only when the agent name is
-absent, skips it when the agent is explicit, and returns 0 on cancel.
+absent, shows the bottle multiselect after agent selection, and skips
+pickers when both are explicitly set.
 
 All actual launch work is stubbed so no container is created.
 """
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import os
 import unittest
+from collections.abc import Mapping, Sequence
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 import bot_bottle.cli.start as start_mod
@@ -17,10 +19,16 @@ import bot_bottle.cli.tui as tui_mod
 from bot_bottle.backend import ActiveAgent
 
 
-def _make_manifest(agent_names: list[str]):
+def _make_manifest(
+    agent_names: list[str],
+    bottle_names: list[str] | None = None,
+    agent_bottle: str = "",
+):
     manifest = MagicMock()
-    manifest.agents = {name: MagicMock() for name in agent_names}
+    manifest.agents = {name: MagicMock(bottle=agent_bottle) for name in agent_names}
     manifest.all_agent_names = sorted(agent_names)
+    manifest.all_bottle_names = sorted(bottle_names or [])
+    manifest.home_md = None  # eager mode so _peek_agent_bottle uses agents dict
     return manifest
 
 
@@ -28,27 +36,27 @@ class TestCmdStartSelector(unittest.TestCase):
     """Drive cmd_start with a minimal set of stubs."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        # Stub Manifest.resolve so no on-disk manifest is needed.
-        self._manifest = _make_manifest(["researcher", "implementer"])
+        self._manifest = _make_manifest(["researcher", "implementer"], ["claude", "dev"])
         self._resolve_patch = patch(
             "bot_bottle.cli.start.ManifestIndex.resolve",
             return_value=self._manifest,
         )
         self._resolve_patch.start()
 
-        # Stub _launch_bottle so no real container work happens.
         self._launch_patch = patch(
             "bot_bottle.cli.start._launch_bottle",
             return_value=0,
         )
         self._launch_mock = self._launch_patch.start()
 
-        # Stub filter_select to avoid opening /dev/tty.
-        self._tui_patch = patch.object(tui_mod, "filter_select")
-        self._tui_mock = self._tui_patch.start()
+        # Stub filter_select (agent picker) and filter_multiselect (bottle picker).
+        self._agent_picker_patch = patch.object(tui_mod, "filter_select")
+        self._agent_picker_mock = self._agent_picker_patch.start()
+
+        self._bottle_picker_patch = patch.object(tui_mod, "filter_multiselect")
+        self._bottle_picker_mock = self._bottle_picker_patch.start()
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.return_value = ["claude"]  # default: one bottle selected
 
-        # Ensure BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND is absent so omitted --backend
-        # flows through to the resolver default.
         self._env_patch = patch.dict(os.environ, {}, clear=False)
         self._env_patch.start()
         os.environ.pop("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND", None)
@@ -56,50 +64,108 @@ class TestCmdStartSelector(unittest.TestCase):
     def tearDown(self):
         self._resolve_patch.stop()
         self._launch_patch.stop()
-        self._tui_patch.stop()
+        self._agent_picker_patch.stop()
+        self._bottle_picker_patch.stop()
         self._env_patch.stop()
 
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Both explicit — no picker shown
+    # Agent explicit — agent picker skipped; bottle picker always shown
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def test_both_explicit_skips_picker(self):
-        self._tui_mock.return_value = "researcher"
+    def test_explicit_agent_skips_agent_picker(self):
         rc = start_mod.cmd_start(["--backend=docker", "researcher"])
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self._tui_mock.assert_not_called()
+        self._agent_picker_mock.assert_not_called()
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
         self._launch_mock.assert_called_once()
-        _, kwargs = self._launch_mock.call_args
-        self.assertEqual("docker", kwargs["backend_name"])
+
+    def test_explicit_agent_bottle_picker_shows_available_bottles(self):
+        start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
+        call_kwargs = self._bottle_picker_mock.call_args
+        self.assertEqual(["claude", "dev"], call_kwargs[0][0])
+        self.assertIn("bottle", call_kwargs[1]["title"].lower())
 
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Agent absent → agent picker fires; backend explicit
+    # Agent absent → agent picker fires; bottle picker always follows
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def test_agent_absent_shows_agent_picker(self):
-        self._tui_mock.return_value = "researcher"
+        self._agent_picker_mock.return_value = "researcher"
         rc = start_mod.cmd_start(["--backend=docker"])
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self._tui_mock.assert_called_once()
-        call_kwargs = self._tui_mock.call_args
+        self._agent_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
+        call_kwargs = self._agent_picker_mock.call_args
         self.assertEqual(["implementer", "researcher"], call_kwargs[0][0])
         self.assertIn("agent", call_kwargs[1]["title"].lower())
+        # Bottle picker must also fire after agent selection.
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
 
-    def test_agent_picker_cancel_returns_0(self):
-        self._tui_mock.return_value = None
+    def test_agent_picker_cancel_skips_bottle_picker(self):
+        self._agent_picker_mock.return_value = None
         rc = start_mod.cmd_start(["--backend=docker"])
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.assert_not_called()
+        self._launch_mock.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_bottle_picker_cancel_returns_0(self):
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.return_value = None
+        rc = start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
+        self.assertEqual(0, rc)
         self._launch_mock.assert_not_called()
 
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Agent explicit, backend absent → no picker
+    # Bottle selection is forwarded to BottleSpec
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def test_backend_absent_uses_default_without_picker(self):
-        rc = start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
-        self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self._tui_mock.assert_not_called()
+    def test_selected_bottles_forwarded_to_spec(self):
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.return_value = ["claude", "dev"]
+        start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
         self._launch_mock.assert_called_once()
+        spec = self._launch_mock.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertEqual(("claude", "dev"), spec.bottle_names)
+
+    def test_empty_bottle_selection_forwarded(self):
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.return_value = []
+        start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
+        self._launch_mock.assert_called_once()
+        spec = self._launch_mock.call_args[0][0]
+        self.assertEqual((), spec.bottle_names)
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Agent default bottle pre-populates the picker
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def test_agent_bottle_prepopulates_bottle_picker(self):
+        manifest = _make_manifest(
+            ["implementer"], ["claude", "dev"], agent_bottle="claude"
+        )
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.cli.start.ManifestIndex.resolve", return_value=manifest
+        ):
+            start_mod.cmd_start(["implementer"])
+        call_kwargs = self._bottle_picker_mock.call_args
+        self.assertEqual(["claude"], call_kwargs[1]["initial"])
+
+    def test_no_agent_bottle_empty_initial(self):
+        manifest = _make_manifest(["researcher"], ["claude", "dev"], agent_bottle="")
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.cli.start.ManifestIndex.resolve", return_value=manifest
+        ):
+            start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
+        call_kwargs = self._bottle_picker_mock.call_args
+        self.assertEqual([], call_kwargs[1]["initial"])
+
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Backend wiring
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def test_explicit_backend_forwarded(self):
+        start_mod.cmd_start(["--backend=docker", "researcher"])
+        _, kwargs = self._launch_mock.call_args
+        self.assertEqual("docker", kwargs["backend_name"])
+
+    def test_absent_backend_uses_default(self):
+        start_mod.cmd_start(["researcher"])
         _, kwargs = self._launch_mock.call_args
         self.assertIsNone(kwargs["backend_name"])
 
@@ -110,28 +176,21 @@ class TestCmdStartSelector(unittest.TestCase):
         finally:
             os.environ.pop("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND", None)
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self._tui_mock.assert_not_called()
 
-    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Both absent → only agent picker
-    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    def test_both_absent_shows_only_agent_picker(self):
-        self._tui_mock.return_value = "researcher"
+    def test_both_absent_shows_agent_picker_then_bottle_picker(self):
+        self._agent_picker_mock.return_value = "researcher"
         rc = start_mod.cmd_start([])
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self._tui_mock.assert_called_once()
-        title = self._tui_mock.call_args[1]["title"].lower()
-        self.assertIn("agent", title)
+        self._agent_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
         self._launch_mock.assert_called_once()
-        _, kwargs = self._launch_mock.call_args
-        self.assertIsNone(kwargs["backend_name"])
 
-    def test_both_absent_agent_cancel_skips_backend_picker(self):
-        self._tui_mock.side_effect = [None]
+    def test_both_absent_agent_cancel_skips_bottle_and_launch(self):
+        self._agent_picker_mock.return_value = None
         rc = start_mod.cmd_start([])
         self.assertEqual(0, rc)
-        self.assertEqual(1, self._tui_mock.call_count)
+        self._agent_picker_mock.assert_called_once()
+        self._bottle_picker_mock.assert_not_called()
         self._launch_mock.assert_not_called()
 
 
@@ -149,11 +208,13 @@ class TestCmdStartLabelCollision(unittest.TestCase):
     """cmd_start re-prompts when the label's slug is already running."""
 
     def setUp(self):
-        self._manifest = _make_manifest(["researcher"])
+        self._manifest = _make_manifest(["researcher"], ["claude"])
         patch("bot_bottle.cli.start.ManifestIndex.resolve", return_value=self._manifest).start()
         self._launch_mock = patch(
             "bot_bottle.cli.start._launch_bottle", return_value=0,
         ).start()
+        # Stub the bottle picker to always return a selection.
+        patch.object(tui_mod, "filter_multiselect", return_value=["claude"]).start()
         self.addCleanup(patch.stopall)
 
     def test_no_collision_proceeds_without_reprompt(self):
@@ -193,5 +254,107 @@ class TestCmdStartLabelCollision(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("already in use", second_call_kwargs.get("disclaimer", ""))
 
 
+class TestBottleLineage(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Unit tests for _bottle_lineage."""
+
+    def test_returns_empty_in_eager_mode(self):
+        manifest = _make_manifest(["agent"], ["base", "dev"])
+        # home_md is None in eager mode → no file reads, returns {}
+        result = start_mod._bottle_lineage(manifest)
+        self.assertEqual({}, result)
+
+    def test_reads_extends_chain_from_files(self):
+        import tempfile
+        from pathlib import Path
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            bottles_dir = Path(tmp) / "bottles"
+            bottles_dir.mkdir()
+            (bottles_dir / "base.md").write_text("---\n{}\n---\n")
+            (bottles_dir / "mid.md").write_text("---\nextends: base\n---\n")
+            (bottles_dir / "leaf.md").write_text("---\nextends: mid\n---\n")
+
+            manifest = MagicMock()
+            manifest.home_md = Path(tmp)
+
+            result = start_mod._bottle_lineage(manifest)
+
+        self.assertNotIn("base", result)          # no parent → not in map
+        self.assertEqual("base -> mid", result["mid"])
+        self.assertEqual("base -> mid -> leaf", result["leaf"])
+
+    def test_cycle_protection(self):
+        import tempfile
+        from pathlib import Path
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            bottles_dir = Path(tmp) / "bottles"
+            bottles_dir.mkdir()
+            (bottles_dir / "a.md").write_text("---\nextends: b\n---\n")
+            (bottles_dir / "b.md").write_text("---\nextends: a\n---\n")
+
+            manifest = MagicMock()
+            manifest.home_md = Path(tmp)
+
+            result = start_mod._bottle_lineage(manifest)
+
+        # Cycle must not hang; each should get a two-element chain.
+        for name in ("a", "b"):
+            self.assertIn(name, result)
+            self.assertIn("->", result[name])
+
+
+class TestManifestToYaml(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Unit tests for _manifest_to_yaml."""
+
+    def _make_manifest_obj(
+        self,
+        *,
+        skills: Sequence[str] = (),
+        env: Mapping[str, str] | None = None,
+        supervise: bool = True,
+        agent_provider_template: str = "claude",
+    ):
+        from bot_bottle.manifest import Manifest, ManifestBottle
+        from bot_bottle.manifest_agent import ManifestAgent, ManifestAgentProvider
+
+        agent = ManifestAgent(skills=tuple(skills))
+        bottle = ManifestBottle(
+            env=env or {},
+            supervise=supervise,
+            agent_provider=ManifestAgentProvider(template=agent_provider_template),
+        )
+        return Manifest(agent=agent, bottle=bottle)
+
+    def test_includes_agent_section(self):
+        m = self._make_manifest_obj(skills=["researcher"])
+        yaml = start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m)
+        self.assertIn("agent:", yaml)
+        self.assertIn("- researcher", yaml)
+
+    def test_includes_bottle_section(self):
+        m = self._make_manifest_obj(env={"FOO": "bar"})
+        yaml = start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m)
+        self.assertIn("bottle:", yaml)
+        self.assertIn("FOO: bar", yaml)
+
+    def test_supervise_rendered(self):
+        m_true = self._make_manifest_obj(supervise=True)
+        m_false = self._make_manifest_obj(supervise=False)
+        self.assertIn("supervise: true", start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m_true))
+        self.assertIn("supervise: false", start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m_false))
+
+    def test_non_claude_provider_shown(self):
+        m = self._make_manifest_obj(agent_provider_template="codex")
+        yaml = start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m)
+        self.assertIn("agent_provider:", yaml)
+        self.assertIn("template: codex", yaml)
+
+    def test_default_claude_provider_omitted(self):
+        m = self._make_manifest_obj(agent_provider_template="claude")
+        yaml = start_mod._manifest_to_yaml(m)
+        self.assertNotIn("agent_provider:", yaml)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_cli_start_settle.py

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ class _FakeHomeMixin:
 
 
 class TestCaptureSessionState(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
-    # snapshot_transcript is commented out (capability_apply is disabled);
-    # capture_claude_session_state now only handles the preserve marker.
+    # capture_claude_session_state handles the preserve marker for
+    # non-zero agent exits.
     def setUp(self):
         self._setup_fake_home()
 

tests/unit/test_cli_tui.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""Unit tests for bot_bottle.cli.tui — filter_select internals.
+"""Unit tests for bot_bottle.cli.tui — filter_select and filter_multiselect.
 
 We test the pure-Python logic (_filter_items, cursor movement, confirm,
 cancel) by exercising the internal helpers directly, without spinning up
@@ -8,8 +8,15 @@ a real curses session (which requires a TTY).
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import unittest
+from typing import Any, Optional
 
-from bot_bottle.cli.tui import _filter_items, filter_select
+from bot_bottle.cli.tui import _filter_items, _multiselect_loop, filter_multiselect, filter_select
+
+_KEY_SPACE = 32
+_KEY_ENTER = 10
+
+_KEY_ESC = 27
+_KEY_CTRL_D = 4
 
 
 class TestFilterItems(unittest.TestCase):
@@ -46,5 +53,124 @@ class TestFilterSelectEmptyItems(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(result)
 
 
+class TestFilterMultiselectEmptyItems(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_returns_empty_list_for_empty_items(self):
+        # No TTY needed — short-circuits before opening tty.
+        result = filter_multiselect([], title="Select", tty_path="/dev/null")
+        self.assertEqual([], result)
+
+    def test_returns_none_when_tty_unavailable(self):
+        result = filter_multiselect(["a", "b"], tty_path="/nonexistent/tty")
+        self.assertIsNone(result)
+
+
+class TestMultiselectLoopReordering(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Exercise _multiselect_loop key handling without a real curses terminal.
+
+    We drive the loop via a fake screen that feeds a pre-recorded key sequence
+    and records what was drawn — we only need the return value, so the fake
+    screen's getch() raises StopIteration after the key list is exhausted, and
+    the loop is expected to return before that via Ctrl-D.
+    """
+
+    def _run(self, keys: list[int], items: list[str], initial: list[str]) -> Optional[list[str]]:
+        """Run _multiselect_loop with a synthetic screen feeding `keys`."""
+        key_iter = iter(keys)
+
+        class FakeScreen:
+            def erase(self) -> None: pass
+            def getmaxyx(self) -> tuple[int, int]: return (40, 80)
+            def refresh(self) -> None: pass
+            def getch(self) -> int: return next(key_iter)
+            def addstr(self, *a: Any) -> None: pass
+            def keypad(self, *a: Any) -> None: pass
+
+        return _multiselect_loop(FakeScreen(), items, title="", initial=initial)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+
+    def test_ctrl_d_confirms_initial_selection(self):
+        result = self._run([_KEY_CTRL_D], ["a", "b", "c"], ["a", "b"])
+        self.assertEqual(["a", "b"], result)
+
+    def test_esc_cancels(self):
+        result = self._run([_KEY_ESC], ["a", "b"], ["a"])
+        self.assertIsNone(result)
+
+    def test_tab_then_K_moves_item_up(self):
+        # Start: selected = ["a", "b", "c"]
+        # Tab → order mode (order_cursor=0 on "a")
+        # ↓ → order_cursor=1 (on "b")
+        # K → swap b and a → ["b", "a", "c"], order_cursor=0
+        # Ctrl-D → confirm
+        DOWN = ord("j")
+        result = self._run(
+            [ord("\t"), DOWN, ord("K"), _KEY_CTRL_D],
+            ["a", "b", "c"],
+            ["a", "b", "c"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["b", "a", "c"], result)
+
+    def test_tab_then_J_moves_item_down(self):
+        # selected = ["a", "b", "c"], focus order, cursor=0
+        # J → swap a and b → ["b", "a", "c"], cursor=1
+        # Ctrl-D → confirm
+        result = self._run(
+            [ord("\t"), ord("J"), _KEY_CTRL_D],
+            ["a", "b", "c"],
+            ["a", "b", "c"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["b", "a", "c"], result)
+
+    def test_K_at_top_is_no_op(self):
+        # cursor already at 0, K should not change order
+        result = self._run(
+            [ord("\t"), ord("K"), _KEY_CTRL_D],
+            ["a", "b"],
+            ["a", "b"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["a", "b"], result)
+
+    def test_J_at_bottom_is_no_op(self):
+        DOWN = ord("j")
+        result = self._run(
+            [ord("\t"), DOWN, ord("J"), _KEY_CTRL_D],
+            ["a", "b"],
+            ["a", "b"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["a", "b"], result)
+
+    def test_tab_back_to_filter_then_confirm(self):
+        # Tab → order, Tab → filter, Ctrl-D confirms unchanged
+        result = self._run(
+            [ord("\t"), ord("\t"), _KEY_CTRL_D],
+            ["a", "b"],
+            ["a", "b"],
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["a", "b"], result)
+
+    def test_space_toggles_item_on(self):
+        # Space on an unselected item selects it; Ctrl-D confirms.
+        result = self._run([_KEY_SPACE, _KEY_CTRL_D], ["a", "b"], [])
+        self.assertEqual(["a"], result)
+
+    def test_space_toggles_item_off(self):
+        # Space on a selected item deselects it; Ctrl-D confirms empty.
+        result = self._run([_KEY_SPACE, _KEY_CTRL_D], ["a", "b"], ["a"])
+        self.assertEqual([], result)
+
+    def test_enter_confirms_without_toggle(self):
+        # Enter immediately confirms the current selection without toggling.
+        result = self._run([_KEY_ENTER], ["a", "b"], ["a"])
+        self.assertEqual(["a"], result)
+
+    def test_enter_confirms_empty_selection(self):
+        result = self._run([_KEY_ENTER], ["a", "b"], [])
+        self.assertEqual([], result)
+
+    def test_space_then_enter_confirms(self):
+        # Space selects "a", Enter confirms.
+        result = self._run([_KEY_SPACE, _KEY_ENTER], ["a", "b"], [])
+        self.assertEqual(["a"], result)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_compose.py

@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ def _supervise_plan() -> SupervisePlan:
     return SupervisePlan(
         slug=SLUG,
         queue_dir=STATE / "supervise" / "queue",
-        current_config_dir=STATE / "supervise" / "current-config",
         internal_network=f"bot-bottle-net-{SLUG}",
     )
 
@@ -271,18 +270,11 @@ class TestAgentAlwaysPresent(unittest.TestCase):
                 s = bottle_plan_to_compose(_plan(**kwargs))["services"]["agent"]
                 self.assertEqual(["sidecars"], s["depends_on"])
 
-    def test_agent_current_config_mount_only_with_supervise(self):
+    def test_agent_has_no_current_config_mount_with_supervise(self):
         with_sv = bottle_plan_to_compose(_plan(supervise=True))["services"]["agent"]
-        self.assertTrue(any(
-            v["target"] == "/etc/bot-bottle/current-config"
-            for v in with_sv.get("volumes", [])
-        ))
+        self.assertNotIn("volumes", with_sv)
         without_sv = bottle_plan_to_compose(_plan(supervise=False))["services"]["agent"]
-        # Either no volumes key at all, or no current-config target.
-        self.assertFalse(any(
-            v["target"] == "/etc/bot-bottle/current-config"
-            for v in without_sv.get("volumes", [])
-        ))
+        self.assertNotIn("volumes", without_sv)
 
 
 class TestSidecarBundleShape(unittest.TestCase):

tests/unit/test_contrib_claude_provider.py

@@ -75,7 +75,6 @@ def _plan(
         supervise_plan = SupervisePlan(
             slug="demo-abc12",
             queue_dir=Path("/tmp/queue"),
-            current_config_dir=Path("/tmp/current-config"),
         )
     return DockerBottlePlan(
         spec=spec,

tests/unit/test_contrib_codex_provider.py

@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ def _plan(
         supervise_plan = SupervisePlan(
             slug="demo-abc12",
             queue_dir=Path("/tmp/queue"),
-            current_config_dir=Path("/tmp/current-config"),
         )
     return DockerBottlePlan(
         spec=spec,

tests/unit/test_contrib_gitea_deploy_key.py

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
 from bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner import (
     GiteaDeployKeyProvisioner,
+    _API_TIMEOUT_SECS,
+    _KEYGEN_TIMEOUT_SECS,
     _split_owner_repo,
 )
 from bot_bottle.deploy_key_provisioner import DeployKeyCollisionError
@@ -83,6 +85,25 @@ class TestCreate(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(str(fake_key_id), key_id)
         self.assertEqual(fake_private, private_bytes)
 
+    def test_create_passes_timeout_to_ssh_keygen_and_urlopen(self):
+        provisioner = _provisioner()
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner.subprocess.run"
+        ) as mock_run, patch(
+            "bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner.urllib.request.urlopen"
+        ) as mock_urlopen, patch(
+            "bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner.Path.read_bytes",
+            return_value=b"PRIVATE",
+        ), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner.Path.read_text",
+            return_value="ssh-ed25519 AAAA\n",
+        ):
+            mock_urlopen.return_value = _urlopen_response({"id": 1})
+            provisioner.create("owner/repo", "title")
+
+        self.assertEqual(_KEYGEN_TIMEOUT_SECS, mock_run.call_args.kwargs.get("timeout"))
+        self.assertEqual(_API_TIMEOUT_SECS, mock_urlopen.call_args.kwargs.get("timeout"))
+
     def test_create_raises_on_http_error(self):
         provisioner = _provisioner()
         with patch(
@@ -139,6 +160,16 @@ class TestDelete(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("/api/v1/repos/didericis/bot-bottle/keys/99", req.full_url)
         self.assertEqual("DELETE", req.get_method())
 
+    def test_delete_passes_timeout_to_urlopen(self):
+        provisioner = _provisioner()
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.contrib.gitea.deploy_key_provisioner.urllib.request.urlopen"
+        ) as mock_urlopen:
+            mock_urlopen.return_value = _urlopen_response({})
+            provisioner.delete("owner/repo", "7")
+
+        self.assertEqual(_API_TIMEOUT_SECS, mock_urlopen.call_args.kwargs.get("timeout"))
+
     def test_delete_tolerates_404(self):
         provisioner = _provisioner()
         with patch(

tests/unit/test_docker_cleanup.py

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ class TestOrphanStateDirs(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
     def test_preserve_marker_skips_dir(self):
-        # Preserve marker = capability-block or crash auto-preserve;
-        # the user explicitly wanted this dir kept for `resume`.
+        # Preserve marker means the user explicitly wanted this dir
+        # kept for `resume`.
         bottle_state.write_per_bottle_dockerfile("kept-ccc", "FROM x\n")
         bottle_state.mark_preserved("kept-ccc")
         self.assertEqual(

tests/unit/test_egress.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from bot_bottle.egress import (
     Egress,
     EgressPlan,
     EgressRoute,
+    _yaml_str_escape,
     egress_agent_env_entries,
     egress_manifest_routes,
     egress_render_routes,
@@ -419,6 +420,76 @@ class TestRenderRoutes(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(LOG_BLOCKS, cfg.log)
 
 
+class TestYamlStrEscape(unittest.TestCase):
+    """_yaml_str_escape produces safe YAML double-quoted scalar content."""
+
+    def test_plain_string_unchanged(self):
+        self.assertEqual("api.example.com", _yaml_str_escape("api.example.com"))
+
+    def test_double_quote_escaped(self):
+        self.assertEqual('\\"', _yaml_str_escape('"'))
+
+    def test_backslash_escaped(self):
+        self.assertEqual("\\\\", _yaml_str_escape("\\"))
+
+    def test_newline_escaped(self):
+        self.assertEqual("\\n", _yaml_str_escape("\n"))
+
+    def test_carriage_return_escaped(self):
+        self.assertEqual("\\r", _yaml_str_escape("\r"))
+
+    def test_tab_escaped(self):
+        self.assertEqual("\\t", _yaml_str_escape("\t"))
+
+    def test_combined(self):
+        self.assertEqual('\\"\\n\\\\', _yaml_str_escape('"\n\\'))
+
+
+class TestRenderRoutesEscaping(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Stray quotes/newlines in manifest strings do not corrupt routes.yaml."""
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _parsed(routes) -> list[dict]:  # type: ignore
+        return parse_yaml_subset(egress_render_routes(routes))["routes"]  # type: ignore
+
+    def test_host_with_double_quote_round_trips(self):
+        routes = (EgressRoute(host='bad"host.example'),)
+        parsed = self._parsed(routes)
+        self.assertEqual('bad"host.example', parsed[0]["host"])
+
+    def test_host_with_newline_round_trips(self):
+        routes = (EgressRoute(host="host\nextra.example"),)
+        parsed = self._parsed(routes)
+        self.assertEqual("host\nextra.example", parsed[0]["host"])
+
+    def test_auth_scheme_with_double_quote_round_trips(self):
+        routes = (EgressRoute(
+            host="api.example",
+            auth_scheme='Bear"er',
+            token_env="EGRESS_TOKEN_0",
+        ),)
+        parsed = self._parsed(routes)
+        self.assertEqual('Bear"er', parsed[0]["auth_scheme"])
+
+    def test_path_value_with_double_quote_round_trips(self):
+        from bot_bottle.egress_addon_core import PathMatch, MatchEntry
+        routes = (EgressRoute(
+            host="api.example",
+            matches=(MatchEntry(paths=(PathMatch(type="prefix", value='/v1/"quoted"/'),)),),
+        ),)
+        parsed = self._parsed(routes)
+        self.assertEqual('/v1/"quoted"/', parsed[0]["matches"][0]["paths"][0]["value"])
+
+    def test_header_value_with_double_quote_round_trips(self):
+        from bot_bottle.egress_addon_core import HeaderMatch, MatchEntry
+        routes = (EgressRoute(
+            host="api.example",
+            matches=(MatchEntry(headers=(HeaderMatch(name="x-h", value='val"ue'),)),),
+        ),)
+        parsed = self._parsed(routes)
+        self.assertEqual('val"ue', parsed[0]["matches"][0]["headers"][0]["value"])
+
+
 class TestResolveTokenValues(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_reads_host_env(self):
         out = egress_resolve_token_values(

tests/unit/test_git_gate.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import os
 import tempfile
 import unittest
 from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import patch
 
 from bot_bottle.git_gate import (
     GitGate,
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ from bot_bottle.git_gate import (
     git_gate_render_access_hook,
     git_gate_render_entrypoint,
     git_gate_render_hook,
+    revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys,
+    _resolve_identity_file,
     git_gate_upstreams_for_bottle,
 )
 from bot_bottle.manifest import ManifestIndex
@@ -328,6 +331,68 @@ class TestPrepare(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("exec git daemon", content)
 
 
+class TestDynamicKeyProvisioning(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self):
+        self.stage = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        import shutil
+
+        shutil.rmtree(self.stage, ignore_errors=True)
+
+    def _gitea_manifest(self):
+        return ManifestIndex.from_json_obj({
+            "bottles": {
+                "dev": {
+                    "git-gate": {
+                        "repos": {
+                            "repo": {
+                                "url": "ssh://git@gitea.example.com/org/repo.git",
+                                "key": {
+                                    "provider": "gitea",
+                                    "forge_token_env": "GITEA_TOKEN",
+                                },
+                                "host_key": "ssh-ed25519 AAAA...",
+                            },
+                        },
+                    }
+                }
+            },
+            "agents": {"demo": {"skills": [], "prompt": "", "bottle": "dev"}},
+        })
+
+    def test_resolve_identity_file_static_uses_entry_path(self):
+        entry = fixture_with_git().bottles["dev"].git[0]
+        self.assertEqual(entry.IdentityFile, _resolve_identity_file(entry, "demo", self.stage))
+
+    def test_resolve_identity_file_gitea_provisions_key(self):
+        entry = self._gitea_manifest().bottles["dev"].git[0]
+        with patch("bot_bottle.git_gate._provision_dynamic_key", return_value="/tmp/provisioned-key") as mock_provision:
+            self.assertEqual("/tmp/provisioned-key", _resolve_identity_file(entry, "demo", self.stage))
+        mock_provision.assert_called_once()
+
+    def test_revoke_skips_non_gitea_and_missing_id_file(self):
+        revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(fixture_with_git().bottles["dev"], self.stage)
+
+    def test_revoke_calls_delete_for_gitea_entry(self):
+        bottle = self._gitea_manifest().bottles["dev"]
+        (self.stage / "repo-deploy-key-id").write_text("123\n")
+        with patch.dict("os.environ", {"GITEA_TOKEN": "token"}), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.deploy_key_provisioner.get_provisioner"
+        ) as mock_get_provisioner:
+            provisioner = mock_get_provisioner.return_value
+            revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(bottle, self.stage)
+        mock_get_provisioner.assert_called_once()
+        provisioner.delete.assert_called_once_with("org/repo", "123")
+
+    def test_revoke_missing_token_raises(self):
+        bottle = self._gitea_manifest().bottles["dev"]
+        (self.stage / "repo-deploy-key-id").write_text("123\n")
+        with patch.dict("os.environ", {}, clear=True), self.assertRaises(RuntimeError) as cm:
+            revoke_git_gate_provisioned_keys(bottle, self.stage)
+        self.assertIn("env var is not set", str(cm.exception))
+
+
 class TestShellEscaping(unittest.TestCase):
     """Regression tests: all three render functions must produce syntactically
     valid sh code even when names and upstream URLs contain shell-special

tests/unit/test_git_http_backend.py

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import urllib.request
 from pathlib import Path
 from unittest import mock
 
+from bot_bottle.git_gate import GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS
 from bot_bottle.git_http_backend import GitHttpHandler, MAX_BODY_BYTES
 
 
@@ -150,6 +151,61 @@ class TestGitHttpBackend(unittest.TestCase):
             )
             self.assertEqual("git/test", env["HTTP_USER_AGENT"])
 
+    def test_subprocess_calls_include_timeout(self):
+        """Both subprocess.run calls (access-hook and git http-backend) must
+        pass timeout= so a hung upstream cannot wedge the sidecar."""
+        from http.server import ThreadingHTTPServer
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            root = Path(tmp)
+            (root / "repo.git").mkdir()
+
+            old_root = os.environ.get("GIT_PROJECT_ROOT")
+            os.environ["GIT_PROJECT_ROOT"] = str(root)
+            self.addCleanup(self._restore_env, old_root)
+            old_hook = os.environ.get("GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK")
+            hook = root / "access-hook"
+            hook.write_text("#!/bin/sh\nexit 0\n")
+            hook.chmod(0o700)
+            os.environ["GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK"] = str(hook)
+            self.addCleanup(self._restore_hook, old_hook)
+
+            server = ThreadingHTTPServer(("127.0.0.1", 0), GitHttpHandler)
+            thread = threading.Thread(target=server.serve_forever, daemon=True)
+            thread.start()
+            self.addCleanup(server.shutdown)
+            self.addCleanup(server.server_close)
+
+            backend_response = (
+                b"Status: 200 OK\r\n"
+                b"Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-result\r\n"
+                b"\r\n"
+                b"0000"
+            )
+            calls = [
+                subprocess.CompletedProcess(["hook"], 0, b"", b""),
+                subprocess.CompletedProcess(["git"], 0, backend_response, b""),
+            ]
+            with mock.patch(
+                "bot_bottle.git_http_backend.subprocess.run",
+                side_effect=calls,
+            ) as run:
+                req = urllib.request.Request(
+                    f"http://127.0.0.1:{server.server_port}"
+                    "/repo.git/git-upload-pack",
+                    data=b"",
+                    method="POST",
+                )
+                with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=5):
+                    pass
+
+            for call in run.call_args_list:
+                self.assertEqual(
+                    GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS,
+                    call.kwargs.get("timeout"),
+                    f"subprocess.run call missing timeout: {call}",
+                )
+
     def test_access_hook_denial_is_logged_to_stdout(self):
         """When the access-hook exits non-zero we still return 403 to the
         client, but the hook's stderr must also appear on the handler's
@@ -256,6 +312,57 @@ class TestGitHttpBackend(unittest.TestCase):
             os.environ["GIT_GATE_ACCESS_HOOK"] = value
 
 
+class TestMalformedStatusHeader(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Malformed CGI Status: headers must not propagate as unhandled exceptions;
+    the handler should fall back to HTTP 500."""
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        from http.server import ThreadingHTTPServer
+        import tempfile
+        self._tmp = tempfile.mkdtemp()
+        os.environ["GIT_PROJECT_ROOT"] = self._tmp
+        self._server = ThreadingHTTPServer(("127.0.0.1", 0), GitHttpHandler)
+        self._thread = threading.Thread(
+            target=self._server.serve_forever, daemon=True,
+        )
+        self._thread.start()
+        self._port = self._server.server_port
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        self._server.shutdown()
+        self._server.server_close()
+        os.environ.pop("GIT_PROJECT_ROOT", None)
+        import shutil
+        shutil.rmtree(self._tmp, ignore_errors=True)
+
+    def _get_with_backend_response(self, cgi_response: bytes) -> int:
+        with mock.patch(
+            "bot_bottle.git_http_backend.subprocess.run",
+            return_value=mock.Mock(returncode=0, stdout=cgi_response),
+        ):
+            req = urllib.request.Request(
+                f"http://127.0.0.1:{self._port}/repo.git/info/refs",
+                method="GET",
+            )
+            try:
+                with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=3) as resp:
+                    return resp.status
+            except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:  # type: ignore
+                return e.code
+
+    def test_empty_status_value_returns_500(self):
+        status = self._get_with_backend_response(
+            b"Status: \r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(500, status)
+
+    def test_non_numeric_status_returns_500(self):
+        status = self._get_with_backend_response(
+            b"Status: bad\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(500, status)
+
+
 class TestContentLengthBounds(unittest.TestCase):
     """PRD 0041: malformed or oversized Content-Length is rejected before
     git http-backend is invoked."""

tests/unit/test_macos_container_util.py

@@ -73,6 +73,33 @@ resolver #2
         )
         self.assertTrue(run.call_args_list[-1].kwargs["check"])
 
+    def test_build_image_anchors_relative_dockerfile_to_context(self):
+        status = util.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[],
+            returncode=0,
+            stdout=(
+                '[{"status":{"state":"running"},'
+                '"configuration":{"dns":{"nameservers":["9.9.9.9"]}}}]'
+            ),
+            stderr="",
+        )
+        with patch.object(util.subprocess, "run", return_value=status) as run, \
+             patch.object(util.os, "environ", {
+                 "BOT_BOTTLE_MACOS_CONTAINER_DNS": "9.9.9.9",
+             }):
+            util.build_image(
+                "bot-bottle-sidecars:latest",
+                "/repo",
+                dockerfile="Dockerfile.sidecars",
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            [
+                "container", "build", "-t", "bot-bottle-sidecars:latest",
+                "--dns", "9.9.9.9", "-f", "/repo/Dockerfile.sidecars", "/repo",
+            ],
+            run.call_args_list[-1].args[0],
+        )
+
     def test_commit_container_execs_tar_and_builds_image(self):
         # stderr is bytes because subprocess.run uses stderr=PIPE without text=True
         completed = util.subprocess.CompletedProcess(

tests/unit/test_manifest_bottle_merge.py

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+"""Unit: runtime bottle composition (issue #269).
+
+Tests for merge_bottles_runtime and ManifestIndex.load_for_agent with
+the new bottle_names parameter.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import shutil
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import unittest
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from bot_bottle.manifest import ManifestBottle, ManifestError, ManifestIndex
+from bot_bottle.manifest_extends import merge_bottles_runtime
+
+
+def _index(bottles: dict[str, object], agents: dict[str, object]) -> ManifestIndex:
+    return ManifestIndex.from_json_obj({"bottles": bottles, "agents": agents})
+
+
+def _bottle(**kwargs: object) -> ManifestBottle:
+    return ManifestBottle.from_dict("test", kwargs)
+
+
+class TestMergeBottlesRuntime(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_single_bottle_returns_as_is(self):
+        b = _bottle(env={"FOO": "1"})
+        result = merge_bottles_runtime([b])
+        self.assertEqual({"FOO": "1"}, dict(result.env))
+
+    def test_env_later_wins(self):
+        base = _bottle(env={"FOO": "base", "ONLY_BASE": "x"})
+        override = _bottle(env={"FOO": "override", "ONLY_OVERRIDE": "y"})
+        result = merge_bottles_runtime([base, override])
+        self.assertEqual("override", result.env["FOO"])
+        self.assertEqual("x", result.env["ONLY_BASE"])
+        self.assertEqual("y", result.env["ONLY_OVERRIDE"])
+
+    def test_egress_routes_concatenated(self):
+        from bot_bottle.manifest_egress import ManifestEgressConfig, ManifestEgressRoute
+        r1 = ManifestEgressRoute(Host="api.a.com")
+        r2 = ManifestEgressRoute(Host="api.b.com")
+        base = ManifestBottle(egress=ManifestEgressConfig(routes=(r1,)))
+        override = ManifestBottle(egress=ManifestEgressConfig(routes=(r2,)))
+        result = merge_bottles_runtime([base, override])
+        hosts = [r.Host for r in result.egress.routes]
+        self.assertIn("api.a.com", hosts)
+        self.assertIn("api.b.com", hosts)
+
+    def test_supervise_later_wins(self):
+        base = _bottle(supervise=True)
+        override = _bottle(supervise=False)
+        result = merge_bottles_runtime([base, override])
+        self.assertFalse(result.supervise)
+
+    def test_three_bottles_merged_left_to_right(self):
+        b1 = _bottle(env={"A": "1", "B": "1", "C": "1"})
+        b2 = _bottle(env={"B": "2", "C": "2"})
+        b3 = _bottle(env={"C": "3"})
+        result = merge_bottles_runtime([b1, b2, b3])
+        self.assertEqual("1", result.env["A"])
+        self.assertEqual("2", result.env["B"])
+        self.assertEqual("3", result.env["C"])
+
+    def test_empty_list_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            merge_bottles_runtime([])
+
+
+class TestLoadForAgentWithBottleNames(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_bottle_names_override_agent_bottle(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={
+                "base": {"env": {"X": "base"}},
+                "override": {"env": {"X": "override"}},
+            },
+            agents={"impl": {"bottle": "base", "skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        m = idx.load_for_agent("impl", ("override",))
+        self.assertEqual("override", m.bottle.env["X"])
+
+    def test_bottle_names_merged_in_order(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={
+                "a": {"env": {"X": "a", "A": "only-a"}},
+                "b": {"env": {"X": "b", "B": "only-b"}},
+            },
+            agents={"impl": {"bottle": "a", "skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        m = idx.load_for_agent("impl", ("a", "b"))
+        self.assertEqual("b", m.bottle.env["X"])
+        self.assertEqual("only-a", m.bottle.env["A"])
+        self.assertEqual("only-b", m.bottle.env["B"])
+
+    def test_empty_bottle_names_uses_agent_bottle(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={"base": {"env": {"X": "base"}}},
+            agents={"impl": {"bottle": "base", "skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        m = idx.load_for_agent("impl", ())
+        self.assertEqual("base", m.bottle.env["X"])
+
+    def test_no_bottle_and_no_bottle_names_raises(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={"base": {}},
+            agents={"impl": {"skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(ManifestError) as ctx:
+            idx.load_for_agent("impl", ())
+        self.assertIn("no 'bottle' field", str(ctx.exception))
+
+    def test_unknown_bottle_name_raises(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={"base": {}},
+            agents={"impl": {"bottle": "base", "skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(ManifestError) as ctx:
+            idx.load_for_agent("impl", ("nonexistent",))
+        self.assertIn("nonexistent", str(ctx.exception))
+
+    def test_agent_without_bottle_works_with_bottle_names(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={"base": {"env": {"X": "base"}}},
+            agents={"impl": {"skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        m = idx.load_for_agent("impl", ("base",))
+        self.assertEqual("base", m.bottle.env["X"])
+
+
+class TestAllBottleNames(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_eager_mode_returns_bottle_names(self):
+        idx = _index(
+            bottles={"alpha": {}, "beta": {}, "gamma": {}},
+            agents={"impl": {"bottle": "alpha", "skills": [], "prompt": ""}},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(["alpha", "beta", "gamma"], idx.all_bottle_names)
+
+    def test_lazy_mode_scans_files(self):
+        home = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="cb-home-"))
+        orig_home = os.environ.get("HOME")
+        os.environ["HOME"] = str(home)
+        try:
+            bottles_dir = home / ".bot-bottle" / "bottles"
+            agents_dir = home / ".bot-bottle" / "agents"
+            bottles_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+            agents_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+            (bottles_dir / "claude.md").write_text("---\n---\n")
+            (bottles_dir / "dev.md").write_text("---\n---\n")
+            (agents_dir / "impl.md").write_text("---\nbottle: claude\n---\n")
+            idx = ManifestIndex.resolve(str(home))
+            self.assertEqual(["claude", "dev"], idx.all_bottle_names)
+        finally:
+            if orig_home is None:
+                os.environ.pop("HOME", None)
+            else:
+                os.environ["HOME"] = orig_home
+            shutil.rmtree(home, ignore_errors=True)
+
+
+class TestAgentOptionalBottleMd(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Agent file without bottle: works when bottle_names are provided at launch."""
+
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        self.home = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="cb-home-"))
+        self._orig_home = os.environ.get("HOME")
+        os.environ["HOME"] = str(self.home)
+
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        if self._orig_home is None:
+            os.environ.pop("HOME", None)
+        else:
+            os.environ["HOME"] = self._orig_home
+        shutil.rmtree(self.home, ignore_errors=True)
+
+    def _write(self, rel: str, text: str) -> None:
+        p = self.home / ".bot-bottle" / rel
+        p.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        p.write_text(textwrap.dedent(text).lstrip("\n"))
+
+    def test_agent_without_bottle_resolves_with_bottle_names(self):
+        self._write("bottles/dev.md", "---\nenv:\n  X: dev\n---\n")
+        self._write("agents/impl.md", "---\n---\nimpl agent.\n")
+        idx = ManifestIndex.resolve(str(self.home))
+        m = idx.load_for_agent("impl", ("dev",))
+        self.assertEqual("dev", m.bottle.env["X"])
+
+    def test_agent_without_bottle_fails_without_bottle_names(self):
+        self._write("bottles/dev.md", "---\n---\n")
+        self._write("agents/impl.md", "---\n---\nimpl agent.\n")
+        idx = ManifestIndex.resolve(str(self.home))
+        with self.assertRaises(ManifestError) as ctx:
+            idx.load_for_agent("impl", ())
+        self.assertIn("no 'bottle' field", str(ctx.exception))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_manifest_extends.py

@@ -423,9 +423,182 @@ class TestExtendsErrors(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         self.assertIn("extends cycle", msg)
 
-    def test_non_string_extends_dies(self):
-        msg = _error_message(_build, child={"extends": ["base"]})
-        self.assertIn("extends must be a string", msg)
+    def test_non_string_non_list_extends_dies(self):
+        msg = _error_message(_build, child={"extends": 123})
+        self.assertIn("extends must be a string or list of strings", msg)
+
+    def test_list_entry_non_string_dies(self):
+        msg = _error_message(_build, child={"extends": [123]})
+        self.assertIn("extends[0] must be a string", msg)
+
+
+class TestExtendsMultiParent(unittest.TestCase):
+    """extends: [p1, p2, ...] — multi-parent composition (issue #268)."""
+
+    _GIT_A = {"url": "ssh://git@host-a/a.git", "key": {"provider": "static", "path": "/k"}}
+    _GIT_B = {"url": "ssh://git@host-b/b.git", "key": {"provider": "static", "path": "/k"}}
+
+    def test_single_element_list_same_as_string(self):
+        m = _build(
+            base={"env": {"X": "1"}},
+            child={"extends": ["base"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual({"X": "1"}, dict(m.bottles["child"].env))
+
+    def test_two_parents_env_union(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"env": {"A": "1"}},
+            p2={"env": {"B": "2"}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual({"A": "1", "B": "2"}, dict(m.bottles["child"].env))
+
+    def test_two_parents_env_last_wins_on_collision(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"env": {"X": "from-p1"}},
+            p2={"env": {"X": "from-p2"}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual("from-p2", m.bottles["child"].env["X"])
+
+    def test_child_wins_over_all_parents(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"env": {"X": "from-p1"}},
+            p2={"env": {"X": "from-p2"}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"], "env": {"X": "from-child"}},
+        )
+        self.assertEqual("from-child", m.bottles["child"].env["X"])
+
+    def test_two_parents_supervise_last_wins(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"supervise": False},
+            p2={"supervise": True},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        self.assertTrue(m.bottles["child"].supervise)
+
+    def test_child_supervise_overrides_all_parents(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"supervise": True},
+            p2={"supervise": True},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"], "supervise": False},
+        )
+        self.assertFalse(m.bottles["child"].supervise)
+
+    def test_two_parents_egress_routes_concatenated(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"egress": {"routes": [{"host": "a.example.com"}]}},
+            p2={"egress": {"routes": [{"host": "b.example.com"}]}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        hosts = [r.Host for r in m.bottles["child"].egress.routes]
+        self.assertEqual(["a.example.com", "b.example.com"], hosts)
+
+    def test_child_egress_appends_after_combined_parents(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"egress": {"routes": [{"host": "a.example.com"}]}},
+            p2={"egress": {"routes": [{"host": "b.example.com"}]}},
+            child={
+                "extends": ["p1", "p2"],
+                "egress": {"routes": [{"host": "c.example.com"}]},
+            },
+        )
+        hosts = [r.Host for r in m.bottles["child"].egress.routes]
+        self.assertEqual(["a.example.com", "b.example.com", "c.example.com"], hosts)
+
+    def test_two_parents_git_repos_union(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"git-gate": {"repos": {"a": self._GIT_A}}},
+            p2={"git-gate": {"repos": {"b": self._GIT_B}}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        names = {e.Name for e in m.bottles["child"].git}
+        self.assertEqual({"a", "b"}, names)
+
+    def test_two_parents_git_same_name_later_wins_per_field(self):
+        # Both parents declare the same repo name. p2's `key` wins; p1's
+        # `host_key` is preserved because p2 doesn't override it.
+        p1_entry = {
+            "url": "ssh://git@host-a/repo.git",
+            "host_key": "ecdsa AAAA",
+            "key": {"provider": "static", "path": "/k1"},
+        }
+        p2_entry = {
+            "url": "ssh://git@host-a/repo.git",  # required, same url
+            "key": {"provider": "gitea", "forge_token_env": "TOK"},
+        }
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"git-gate": {"repos": {"repo": p1_entry}}},
+            p2={"git-gate": {"repos": {"repo": p2_entry}}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        entries = m.bottles["child"].git
+        self.assertEqual(1, len(entries))
+        e = entries[0]
+        self.assertEqual("ssh://git@host-a/repo.git", e.Upstream)
+        self.assertEqual("ecdsa AAAA", e.KnownHostKey)
+        self.assertEqual("gitea", e.Key.provider)
+
+    def test_p1_repos_preserved_when_p2_has_none(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"git-gate": {"repos": {"a": self._GIT_A}}},
+            p2={"env": {"X": "1"}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2"]},
+        )
+        names = [e.Name for e in m.bottles["child"].git]
+        self.assertEqual(["a"], names)
+
+    def test_diamond_shared_ancestor_resolved_once(self):
+        # a <- b, a <- c; child extends [b, c]
+        # `a` must be resolved once and cached.
+        m = _build(
+            a={"env": {"FROM_A": "1"}, "supervise": False},
+            b={"extends": "a", "env": {"FROM_B": "1"}},
+            c={"extends": "a", "env": {"FROM_C": "1"}},
+            child={"extends": ["b", "c"]},
+        )
+        child = m.bottles["child"]
+        self.assertEqual("1", child.env["FROM_A"])
+        self.assertEqual("1", child.env["FROM_B"])
+        self.assertEqual("1", child.env["FROM_C"])
+        # supervise=False from `a` threads through both b and c; c is the
+        # later parent so its effective supervise (False) wins.
+        self.assertFalse(child.supervise)
+
+    def test_three_parents_env_fold_order(self):
+        m = _build(
+            p1={"env": {"X": "1", "A": "a"}},
+            p2={"env": {"X": "2", "B": "b"}},
+            p3={"env": {"X": "3", "C": "c"}},
+            child={"extends": ["p1", "p2", "p3"]},
+        )
+        env = dict(m.bottles["child"].env)
+        self.assertEqual("3", env["X"])
+        self.assertEqual("a", env["A"])
+        self.assertEqual("b", env["B"])
+        self.assertEqual("c", env["C"])
+
+    def test_undefined_bottle_in_list_dies(self):
+        msg = _error_message(
+            _build,
+            base={"env": {}},
+            child={"extends": ["base", "ghost"]},
+        )
+        self.assertIn("extends 'ghost'", msg)
+        self.assertIn("not defined", msg)
+
+    def test_self_reference_in_list_dies(self):
+        msg = _error_message(_build, child={"extends": ["child"]})
+        self.assertIn("extends itself", msg)
+
+    def test_cycle_through_multi_parent_edge_dies(self):
+        msg = _error_message(
+            _build,
+            a={"extends": ["b", "c"]},
+            b={},
+            c={"extends": "a"},
+        )
+        self.assertIn("extends cycle", msg)
 
 
 class TestExtendsAvailableInBottleKeys(unittest.TestCase):

tests/unit/test_provision_git.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import unittest
 
 from bot_bottle.git_gate import (
     GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME,
+    _gitconfig_validate_value,
     git_gate_render_gitconfig,
 )
 from bot_bottle.manifest import ManifestIndex
@@ -90,5 +91,42 @@ class TestGitGateGitconfigRender(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertNotIn("gitea.dideric.is", out)
 
 
+class TestGitconfigValidateValue(unittest.TestCase):
+    """_gitconfig_validate_value rejects values that would inject gitconfig keys."""
+
+    def test_normal_url_passes(self):
+        _gitconfig_validate_value("url", "ssh://git@github.com/owner/repo.git")
+
+    def test_newline_in_url_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            _gitconfig_validate_value("url", "ssh://git@github.com/owner/\nrepo.git")
+
+    def test_carriage_return_in_url_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            _gitconfig_validate_value("url", "ssh://git@github.com/\rrepo.git")
+
+    def test_error_message_names_field(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError, msg="error should name the field") as ctx:
+            _gitconfig_validate_value("repos['bad'].url", "ssh://host/\npath")
+        self.assertIn("repos['bad'].url", str(ctx.exception))
+
+
+class TestGitconfigRenderRejectsNewlineInUpstream(unittest.TestCase):
+    """git_gate_render_gitconfig raises on Upstream values with newlines."""
+
+    def test_newline_in_upstream_raises(self):
+        m = ManifestIndex.from_json_obj({
+            "bottles": {"dev": {"git-gate": {"repos": {
+                "evil": {
+                    "url": "ssh://git@github.com/owner/\nfake-key = injected\nrepo.git",
+                    "key": {"provider": "static", "path": "/dev/null"},
+                },
+            }}}},
+            "agents": {"demo": {"skills": [], "prompt": "", "bottle": "dev"}},
+        })
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            git_gate_render_gitconfig(m.bottles["dev"].git, GIT_GATE_HOSTNAME)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_smolmachines_loopback_alias.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ inspecting running bundle containers' port bindings."""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import json
+import os
 import sqlite3
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
@@ -112,9 +113,16 @@ class TestEnsurePool(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestAllocate(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_returns_loopback_on_linux(self):
-        with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=False):
-            self.assertEqual("127.0.0.1", loopback_alias.allocate("demo"))
+    def test_per_bottle_alias_on_linux(self):
+        # Linux gets the same per-bottle scoping as macOS (127/8 is
+        # already loopback, so no ifconfig is needed). A fresh host
+        # with no running bundles allocates the first pool entry.
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            lock_path = Path(tmp) / "smolmachines.lock"
+            with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=False), \
+                 patch.object(loopback_alias, "_ALLOC_LOCK_PATH", lock_path), \
+                 patch.object(loopback_alias, "_aliases_in_use", return_value=set()):
+                self.assertEqual("127.0.0.16", loopback_alias.allocate("demo"))
 
     def test_picks_lowest_unused_on_macos(self):
         # No bundles running -> first pool entry.
@@ -166,12 +174,25 @@ class TestAllocateLock(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertIn(fcntl_mod.LOCK_EX, flock_calls)
 
-    def test_no_lock_on_linux(self):
-        # Linux early-returns before touching the lock file.
-        with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=False), \
-             patch.object(loopback_alias.fcntl, "flock") as flock:
-            loopback_alias.allocate("demo")
-        flock.assert_not_called()
+    def test_acquires_exclusive_lock_on_linux(self):
+        # Linux allocates per-bottle too, so it must take the same
+        # lock to serialise concurrent launches.
+        import fcntl as fcntl_mod
+        flock_calls: list[int] = []
+
+        def record_flock(fd, op):  # type: ignore
+            flock_calls.append(op)
+
+        with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp:
+            lock_path = Path(tmp) / "smolmachines.lock"
+            with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=False), \
+                 patch.object(loopback_alias, "_ALLOC_LOCK_PATH", lock_path), \
+                 patch.object(loopback_alias, "_aliases_in_use", return_value=set()), \
+                 patch.object(loopback_alias.fcntl, "flock",
+                              side_effect=record_flock):
+                loopback_alias.allocate("demo")
+
+        self.assertIn(fcntl_mod.LOCK_EX, flock_calls)
 
     def test_sequential_allocations_with_shared_lock_are_serialised(self):
         # Two sequential calls share the same lock file. The second
@@ -241,10 +262,12 @@ class TestAliasInUseDetection(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestForceAllowlist(unittest.TestCase):
-    """Smolvm 0.8.0 silently drops `--allow-cidr` with `--from`,
-    so `force_allowlist` opens the state DB directly and sets
-    the row's `allowed_cidrs` field. Round-trip tests against a
-    real SQLite DB to lock down the BLOB encoding."""
+    """Smolvm 0.8.0 silently drops `--allow-cidr` with `--from`, so
+    `force_allowlist` opens the state DB directly and sets the row's
+    `allowed_cidrs` field — on both macOS and Linux. It is
+    fail-closed: it dies rather than launching a VM whose allowlist
+    it can't confirm. Round-trip tests against a real SQLite DB to
+    lock down the BLOB encoding."""
 
     def setUp(self):
         self._tmp = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="smolvm-db.")
@@ -290,17 +313,67 @@ class TestForceAllowlist(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(4, cfg["cpus"])
         self.assertTrue(cfg["network"])
 
-    def test_noop_on_linux(self):
+    def test_patches_on_linux_too(self):
+        # force_allowlist no longer no-ops on Linux — the TSI
+        # allowlist must be enforced there as well.
         with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=False), \
              patch.object(loopback_alias, "_SMOLVM_DB_PATH", self.db):
             loopback_alias.force_allowlist("demo-vm", ["127.0.0.16/32"])
-        # DB row should be untouched.
         con = sqlite3.connect(str(self.db))
         cfg = json.loads(con.execute(
             "SELECT data FROM vms WHERE name='demo-vm'",
         ).fetchone()[0])
         con.close()
-        self.assertIsNone(cfg["allowed_cidrs"])
+        self.assertEqual(["127.0.0.16/32"], cfg["allowed_cidrs"])
+
+    def test_skips_write_when_already_matching(self):
+        # A newer smolvm that honors --allow-cidr at create leaves the
+        # row already correct; force_allowlist must not rewrite it. We
+        # detect a no-write by comparing the raw BLOB byte-for-byte
+        # (a rewrite re-serialises the JSON, changing key order/bytes
+        # is not guaranteed, but mtime/identity isn't observable — so
+        # we assert the stored bytes are exactly what we pre-seeded).
+        seeded = json.dumps({
+            "name": "demo-vm", "cpus": 4, "mem": 8192,
+            "network": True, "allowed_cidrs": ["127.0.0.16/32"],
+        }).encode()
+        con = sqlite3.connect(str(self.db))
+        con.execute(
+            "UPDATE vms SET data=? WHERE name='demo-vm'",
+            (sqlite3.Binary(seeded),),
+        )
+        con.commit()
+        con.close()
+
+        with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=True), \
+             patch.object(loopback_alias, "_SMOLVM_DB_PATH", self.db):
+            loopback_alias.force_allowlist("demo-vm", ["127.0.0.16/32"])
+
+        con = sqlite3.connect(str(self.db))
+        stored = con.execute(
+            "SELECT data FROM vms WHERE name='demo-vm'").fetchone()[0]
+        con.close()
+        self.assertEqual(seeded, bytes(stored))
+
+    def test_dies_when_patch_does_not_take(self):
+        # If the persisted allowlist still doesn't match after the
+        # patch (e.g. wrong schema / smolvm stores it elsewhere),
+        # force_allowlist must fail closed rather than boot the VM.
+        original = loopback_alias._read_machine_cfg
+
+        def stale_cfg(con, name):
+            # Always report the un-patched row so the post-write
+            # verification never sees the requested cidrs.
+            cfg = original(con, name)
+            cfg["allowed_cidrs"] = None
+            return cfg
+
+        with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=True), \
+             patch.object(loopback_alias, "_SMOLVM_DB_PATH", self.db), \
+             patch.object(loopback_alias, "_read_machine_cfg", side_effect=stale_cfg), \
+             patch.object(loopback_alias, "die", side_effect=SystemExit("die")):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                loopback_alias.force_allowlist("demo-vm", ["127.0.0.16/32"])
 
     def test_dies_on_missing_db(self):
         with patch.object(loopback_alias, "_is_macos", return_value=True), \
@@ -323,5 +396,35 @@ class TestForceAllowlist(unittest.TestCase):
                 loopback_alias.force_allowlist("not-in-db", ["127.0.0.16/32"])
 
 
+class TestSmolvmDbPath(unittest.TestCase):
+    """The smolvm state-DB path is platform-derived: Application
+    Support on macOS, XDG data dir on Linux."""
+
+    def test_macos_path(self):
+        with patch.object(loopback_alias.platform, "system", return_value="Darwin"):
+            p = loopback_alias._smolvm_db_path()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ("Library", "Application Support", "smolvm", "server", "smolvm.db"),
+            p.parts[-5:],
+        )
+
+    def test_linux_default_xdg_path(self):
+        env = {k: v for k, v in os.environ.items() if k != "XDG_DATA_HOME"}
+        with patch.object(loopback_alias.platform, "system", return_value="Linux"), \
+             patch.dict(loopback_alias.os.environ, env, clear=True):
+            p = loopback_alias._smolvm_db_path()
+        self.assertEqual(
+            (".local", "share", "smolvm", "server", "smolvm.db"),
+            p.parts[-5:],
+        )
+
+    def test_linux_respects_xdg_data_home(self):
+        with patch.object(loopback_alias.platform, "system", return_value="Linux"), \
+             patch.dict(loopback_alias.os.environ,
+                        {"XDG_DATA_HOME": "/custom/data"}, clear=False):
+            p = loopback_alias._smolvm_db_path()
+        self.assertEqual(Path("/custom/data/smolvm/server/smolvm.db"), p)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_smolmachines_provision.py

@@ -130,7 +130,6 @@ def _plan(
         supervise_plan = SupervisePlan(
             slug="demo-abc12",
             queue_dir=Path("/tmp/queue"),
-            current_config_dir=Path("/tmp/current-config"),
         )
     return SmolmachinesBottlePlan(
         spec=spec,

tests/unit/test_smolmachines_util.py

@@ -56,9 +56,14 @@ class TestBundleSubnet(unittest.TestCase):
 
 class TestPreflight(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_smolvm_present_returns_none(self):
+        # Pin macOS so the Linux KVM gate doesn't fire on a CI runner
+        # (ubuntu, no /dev/kvm) — this test isolates the PATH check.
         with patch(
             "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.shutil.which",
             return_value="/usr/local/bin/smolvm",
+        ), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.platform.system",
+            return_value="Darwin",
         ):
             self.assertIsNone(smolmachines_preflight())
 
@@ -88,5 +93,63 @@ class TestPreflight(unittest.TestCase):
             self.assertIn("BOT_BOTTLE_BACKEND=docker", msg)
 
 
+class TestKvmPreflight(unittest.TestCase):
+    """Linux-only KVM gate: smolvm needs /dev/kvm present and
+    accessible. macOS skips this entirely (Hypervisor.framework)."""
+
+    def _run(self, *, system, exists, access):
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.shutil.which",
+            return_value="/usr/bin/smolvm",
+        ), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.platform.system",
+            return_value=system,
+        ), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.os.path.exists",
+            return_value=exists,
+        ), patch(
+            "bot_bottle.backend.smolmachines.util.os.access",
+            return_value=access,
+        ):
+            return smolmachines_preflight()
+
+    def test_macos_skips_kvm_check(self):
+        # Even with /dev/kvm absent, macOS must not run the gate.
+        self.assertIsNone(self._run(system="Darwin", exists=False, access=False))
+
+    def test_linux_ok_returns_none(self):
+        self.assertIsNone(self._run(system="Linux", exists=True, access=True))
+
+    def test_linux_missing_device_dies(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+            self._run(system="Linux", exists=False, access=False)
+
+    def test_linux_no_access_dies(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+            self._run(system="Linux", exists=True, access=False)
+
+    def test_linux_missing_device_message(self):
+        import io
+        import sys
+        captured = io.StringIO()
+        with patch.object(sys, "stderr", captured):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                self._run(system="Linux", exists=False, access=False)
+        msg = captured.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("/dev/kvm", msg)
+        self.assertIn("kvm-intel", msg)
+
+    def test_linux_no_access_message(self):
+        import io
+        import sys
+        captured = io.StringIO()
+        with patch.object(sys, "stderr", captured):
+            with self.assertRaises(SystemExit):
+                self._run(system="Linux", exists=True, access=False)
+        msg = captured.getvalue()
+        self.assertIn("kvm", msg)
+        self.assertIn("group", msg)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_supervise.py

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from bot_bottle.supervise import (
     STATUS_APPROVED,
     STATUS_MODIFIED,
     STATUS_REJECTED,
-    TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+    TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW,
     archive_proposal,
     audit_log_path,
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ FIXED_TS = datetime(2026, 5, 25, 12, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
 
 
 def _proposal(
-    tool: str = TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-    proposed: str = "FROM python:3.13\n",
-    justification: str = "need a capability",
+    tool: str = TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+    proposed: str = "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
+    justification: str = "need egress",
 ) -> Proposal:
     return Proposal.new(
         bottle_slug="dev",
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class TestProposalRoundtrip(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertTrue(p.id)
         self.assertEqual("2026-05-25T12:00:00+00:00", p.arrival_timestamp)
         self.assertEqual("dev", p.bottle_slug)
-        self.assertEqual(TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK, p.tool)
+        self.assertEqual(TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, p.tool)
 
     def test_to_from_dict_roundtrip(self):
         p = _proposal()
@@ -142,14 +142,14 @@ class TestQueueIO(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_list_pending_sorted_by_arrival(self):
         # Fabricate two with explicit timestamps.
         a = Proposal.new(
-            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-            proposed_file="FROM python:3.13\n", justification="early",
+            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+            proposed_file="routes:\n  - host: early.example.com\n", justification="early",
             current_file_hash="x",
             now=datetime(2026, 5, 25, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
         )
         b = Proposal.new(
-            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-            proposed_file="FROM python:3.13\n", justification="late",
+            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+            proposed_file="routes:\n  - host: late.example.com\n", justification="late",
             current_file_hash="x",
             now=datetime(2026, 5, 25, 14, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
         )
@@ -319,7 +319,6 @@ class TestToolConstants(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             (
                 supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
-                TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
                 supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK,
                 TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW,
                 supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW,
@@ -378,20 +377,16 @@ class TestSupervisePrepare(unittest.TestCase):
         supervise.bot_bottle_root = fake_root  # type: ignore[assignment]
         return lambda: setattr(supervise, "bot_bottle_root", original)
 
-    def test_prepare_creates_queue_and_current_config(self):
+    def test_prepare_creates_queue(self):
         plan = _StubSupervise().prepare("dev", self.stage_dir)
         self.assertTrue(plan.queue_dir.is_dir())
-        self.assertTrue(plan.current_config_dir.is_dir())
         self.assertEqual("dev", plan.slug)
         self.assertEqual("", plan.internal_network)
 
-    def test_prepare_writes_no_files_to_current_config(self):
-        # dockerfile_content is no longer accepted by prepare.
-        # routes.yaml + allowlist live behind the
-        # `list-egress-routes` MCP tool (PRD 0017 chunk 3).
+    def test_prepare_does_not_create_current_config_dir(self):
         plan = _StubSupervise().prepare("dev", self.stage_dir)
-        files = sorted(p.name for p in plan.current_config_dir.iterdir())
-        self.assertEqual([], files)
+        self.assertFalse((self.stage_dir / "current-config").exists())
+        self.assertFalse(hasattr(plan, "current_config_dir"))
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tests/unit/test_supervise_cli.py

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ from bot_bottle.supervise import (
     STATUS_APPROVED,
     STATUS_MODIFIED,
     STATUS_REJECTED,
-    TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+    TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW,
     TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW,
     read_audit_entries,
@@ -30,9 +30,8 @@ from bot_bottle.supervise import (
 FIXED = datetime(2026, 5, 25, 12, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
 
 
-def _proposal(slug: str = "dev", tool: str = TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK) -> Proposal:
+def _proposal(slug: str = "dev", tool: str = TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW) -> Proposal:
     payloads = {
-        TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK: "FROM python:3.13\n",
         supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW: "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
         supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK: "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
         TOOL_GITLEAKS_ALLOW: "file: tests/test_fixture.py\nline: 3\n",
@@ -86,14 +85,14 @@ class TestDiscoverPending(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_sorted_by_arrival_across_bottles(self):
         early = Proposal.new(
-            bottle_slug="api", tool=TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-            proposed_file="FROM python:3.13\n", justification="early",
+            bottle_slug="api", tool=TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+            proposed_file="routes:\n  - host: early.example.com\n", justification="early",
             current_file_hash="h",
             now=datetime(2026, 5, 25, 10, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
         )
         late = Proposal.new(
-            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-            proposed_file="FROM python:3.13\n", justification="late",
+            bottle_slug="dev", tool=TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+            proposed_file="routes:\n  - host: late.example.com\n", justification="late",
             current_file_hash="h",
             now=datetime(2026, 5, 25, 14, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc),
         )
@@ -122,7 +121,7 @@ class TestApproveReject(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
     def tearDown(self):
         self._teardown_fake_home()
 
-    def _enqueue(self, tool: str = TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK):
+    def _enqueue(self, tool: str = TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW):
         p = _proposal(tool=tool)
         qdir = supervise.queue_dir_for_slug("dev")
         qdir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
@@ -131,19 +130,29 @@ class TestApproveReject(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_approve_writes_response(self):
         qp = self._enqueue()
-        supervise_cli.approve(qp)
-        # capability-block is archived on approve, so the response file
-        # moves to processed/ before the caller can read it.
-        resp = read_response(qp.queue_dir / "processed", qp.proposal.id)
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.cli.supervise.apply_routes_change",
+            return_value=("routes: []\n", "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n"),
+        ):
+            supervise_cli.approve(qp)
+        resp = read_response(qp.queue_dir, qp.proposal.id)
         self.assertEqual(STATUS_APPROVED, resp.status)
         self.assertIsNone(resp.final_file)
 
     def test_approve_with_final_file_marks_modified(self):
         qp = self._enqueue()
-        supervise_cli.approve(qp, final_file="FROM bookworm\n", notes="tweaked")
-        resp = read_response(qp.queue_dir / "processed", qp.proposal.id)
+        with patch(
+            "bot_bottle.cli.supervise.apply_routes_change",
+            return_value=("routes: []\n", "routes:\n  - host: edited.example.com\n"),
+        ):
+            supervise_cli.approve(
+                qp,
+                final_file="routes:\n  - host: edited.example.com\n",
+                notes="tweaked",
+            )
+        resp = read_response(qp.queue_dir, qp.proposal.id)
         self.assertEqual(STATUS_MODIFIED, resp.status)
-        self.assertEqual("FROM bookworm\n", resp.final_file)
+        self.assertEqual("routes:\n  - host: edited.example.com\n", resp.final_file)
         self.assertEqual("tweaked", resp.notes)
 
     def test_reject_writes_rejection(self):
@@ -153,11 +162,6 @@ class TestApproveReject(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(STATUS_REJECTED, resp.status)
         self.assertEqual("nope", resp.notes)
 
-    def test_no_audit_log_for_capability_block(self):
-        qp = self._enqueue(tool=TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK)
-        supervise_cli.approve(qp)
-        self.assertEqual([], read_audit_entries("egress", "dev"))
-
     def test_approve_egress_block_writes_audit_log(self):
         qp = self._enqueue(tool=supervise.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK)
         with patch(
@@ -232,11 +236,6 @@ class TestApproveReject(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(".txt", supervise_cli._suffix_for_tool(TOOL_EGRESS_TOKEN_ALLOW))
 
 
-# class TestCapabilityApplyWiring(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
-#     # DISABLED — capability_apply functionality is currently commented out.
-#     pass
-
-
 class TestEditInEditor(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_runs_editor_returns_edited_content(self):
         original_editor = os.environ.get("EDITOR")
@@ -281,10 +280,5 @@ class TestEditInEditor(unittest.TestCase):
                 os.environ["EDITOR"] = original_editor
 
 
-# class TestCapabilityBlockSmolmachinesGuard(_FakeHomeMixin, unittest.TestCase):
-#     # DISABLED — capability_apply functionality is currently commented out.
-#     pass
-
-
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_supervise_server.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import supervise as _sv  # noqa: E402  # type: ignore
 
 from bot_bottle import supervise_server  # noqa: E402
 from bot_bottle.supervise_server import (
+    ERR_INTERNAL,
     ERR_INVALID_PARAMS,
     ERR_INVALID_REQUEST,
     ERR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND,
@@ -29,7 +30,9 @@ from bot_bottle.supervise_server import (
     PROPOSED_FILE_FIELD,
     ServerConfig,
     TOOL_DEFINITIONS,
+    _RpcClientError,
     _RpcError,
+    _RpcInternalError,
     _response_timeout_from_env,
     format_response_text,
     handle_initialize,
@@ -47,15 +50,15 @@ from bot_bottle.supervise_server import (
 
 
 class TestValidation(unittest.TestCase):
-    def test_capability_block_accepts_anything_nonempty(self):
-        validate_proposed_file(
-            _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-            "FROM python:3.13\nRUN apk add git\n",
-        )
-
     def test_empty_proposed_file_rejected_for_tools_with_file_field(self):
         with self.assertRaises(_RpcError):
-            validate_proposed_file(_sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK, "   \n\t")
+            validate_proposed_file(_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, "   \n\t")
+
+    def test_capability_block_rejected_as_unknown_tool(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcError) as cm:
+            validate_proposed_file("capability-block", "FROM python:3.13\n")
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, cm.exception.code)
+        self.assertIn("unknown tool", cm.exception.message)
 
     def test_egress_routes_yaml_is_validated(self):
         validate_proposed_file(
@@ -77,6 +80,65 @@ class TestValidation(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("must not change egress logging", cm.exception.message)
 
 
+# --- Error taxonomy --------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+class TestRpcErrorTaxonomy(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_rpc_client_error_is_rpc_error(self):
+        e = _RpcClientError(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, "bad param")
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, _RpcError)
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, e.code)
+        self.assertEqual("bad param", e.message)
+
+    def test_rpc_internal_error_is_rpc_error(self):
+        e = _RpcInternalError("disk full")
+        self.assertIsInstance(e, _RpcError)
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INTERNAL, e.code)
+        self.assertEqual("disk full", e.message)
+
+    def test_rpc_internal_error_preserves_cause(self):
+        cause = OSError("no space left on device")
+        try:
+            raise _RpcInternalError("failed to write") from cause
+        except _RpcInternalError as e:
+            self.assertIs(cause, e.__cause__)
+
+    def test_parse_error_is_client_error(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcClientError):
+            parse_jsonrpc(b"{bad json")
+
+    def test_validation_error_is_client_error(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcClientError):
+            validate_proposed_file(_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, "routes: nope\n")
+
+    def test_unknown_tool_in_tools_call_is_client_error(self):
+        config = ServerConfig(bottle_slug="dev", queue_dir=Path("/unused"))
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcClientError) as cm:
+            handle_tools_call({"name": "no-such-tool", "arguments": {}}, config)
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, cm.exception.code)
+
+
+class TestRpcInternalErrorOnIoFailure(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_write_proposal_os_error_raises_internal(self):
+        config = ServerConfig(
+            bottle_slug="dev",
+            queue_dir=Path("/dev/null/cannot-exist"),
+        )
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcInternalError) as cm:
+            handle_tools_call(
+                {
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+                    "arguments": {
+                        "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
+                        "justification": "x",
+                    },
+                },
+                config,
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INTERNAL, cm.exception.code)
+        self.assertIsNotNone(cm.exception.__cause__)
+
+
 # --- JSON-RPC parsing ------------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -157,7 +219,6 @@ class TestHandleToolsList(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(
             sorted([
                 _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
-                _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
                 _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK,
                 _sv.TOOL_LIST_EGRESS_ROUTES,
             ]),
@@ -233,10 +294,10 @@ class TestHandleToolsCall(unittest.TestCase):
         try:
             result = handle_tools_call(
                 {
-                    "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK,
                     "arguments": {
-                        "dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n",
-                        "justification": "need git",
+                        "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
+                        "justification": "need example.com",
                     },
                 },
                 self.config,
@@ -273,9 +334,9 @@ class TestHandleToolsCall(unittest.TestCase):
         try:
             result = handle_tools_call(
                 {
-                    "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
                     "arguments": {
-                        "dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n",
+                        "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
                         "justification": "needed for tests",
                     },
                 },
@@ -297,20 +358,52 @@ class TestHandleToolsCall(unittest.TestCase):
         with self.assertRaises(_RpcError):
             handle_tools_call(
                 {
-                    "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
-                    "arguments": {"dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n"},
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+                    "arguments": {"routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n"},
                 },
                 self.config,
             )
 
+    def test_missing_name_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcError) as cm:
+            handle_tools_call({"arguments": {}}, self.config)
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, cm.exception.code)
+
+    def test_arguments_must_be_object(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcError) as cm:
+            handle_tools_call(
+                {
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+                    "arguments": [],
+                },
+                self.config,
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, cm.exception.code)
+        self.assertIn("must be an object", cm.exception.message)
+
+    def test_capability_block_call_raises_unknown_tool(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(_RpcError) as cm:
+            handle_tools_call(
+                {
+                    "name": "capability-block",
+                    "arguments": {
+                        "dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n",
+                        "justification": "need git",
+                    },
+                },
+                self.config,
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INVALID_PARAMS, cm.exception.code)
+        self.assertIn("unknown tool", cm.exception.message)
+
     def test_archives_proposal_after_response(self):
         responder = self._respond_when_proposal_appears(_sv.STATUS_APPROVED)
         try:
             handle_tools_call(
                 {
-                    "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
                     "arguments": {
-                        "dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n",
+                        "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
                         "justification": "x",
                     },
                 },
@@ -332,10 +425,10 @@ class TestHandleToolsCall(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         result = handle_tools_call(
             {
-                "name": _sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK,
+                "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
                 "arguments": {
-                    "dockerfile": "FROM python:3.13\n",
-                    "justification": "need a capability",
+                    "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
+                    "justification": "need egress",
                 },
             },
             config,
@@ -350,6 +443,31 @@ class TestHandleToolsCall(unittest.TestCase):
 
 
 class TestHandleListEgressRoutes(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_success_returns_body_text(self):
+        class _Resp:
+            def __enter__(self):
+                return self
+
+            def __exit__(self, exc_type: type[BaseException] | None, exc: BaseException | None, tb: object) -> bool:
+                return False
+
+            def read(self):
+                return b"[{\"host\": \"example.com\"}]"
+
+        class _Opener:
+            def open(self, *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: ANN001, ANN002, ANN003  # type: ignore
+                return _Resp()
+
+        with patch.object(supervise_server.urllib.request, "build_opener", return_value=_Opener()):
+            result = handle_list_egress_routes(
+                {},
+                ServerConfig(bottle_slug="dev", queue_dir=Path("/unused")),
+            )
+
+        self.assertFalse(result["isError"])  # type: ignore[index]
+        text = result["content"][0]["text"]  # type: ignore[index]
+        self.assertIn("example.com", text)
+
     def test_url_error_returns_tool_error(self):
         class _Opener:
             def open(self, *args, **kwargs):  # noqa: ANN001, ANN002, ANN003  # type: ignore
@@ -409,6 +527,13 @@ class TestFormatResponseText(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("the operator modified", text.lower())
 
 
+class TestFormatPendingResponseText(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_formats_timeout_message(self):
+        text = supervise_server.format_pending_response_text(12.5)
+        self.assertIn("status: pending", text)
+        self.assertIn("12.5s", text)
+
+
 # --- End-to-end HTTP sanity ------------------------------------------------
 
 
@@ -459,7 +584,7 @@ class TestHttpEndToEnd(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual("2.0", result["jsonrpc"])
         self.assertEqual(1, result["id"])
         names = [t["name"] for t in result["result"]["tools"]]  # type: ignore[index]
-        self.assertIn(_sv.TOOL_CAPABILITY_BLOCK, names)
+        self.assertNotIn("capability-block", names)
         self.assertIn(_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW, names)
         self.assertIn(_sv.TOOL_EGRESS_BLOCK, names)
 
@@ -469,6 +594,26 @@ class TestHttpEndToEnd(unittest.TestCase):
         )
         self.assertEqual(ERR_METHOD_NOT_FOUND, result["error"]["code"])  # type: ignore[index]
 
+    def test_internal_error_returns_err_internal_over_http(self):
+        with patch.object(
+            supervise_server._sv, "write_proposal",
+            side_effect=OSError("disk full"),
+        ):
+            result = self._post_jsonrpc({
+                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
+                "id": 99,
+                "method": "tools/call",
+                "params": {
+                    "name": _sv.TOOL_EGRESS_ALLOW,
+                    "arguments": {
+                        "routes_yaml": "routes:\n  - host: example.com\n",
+                        "justification": "x",
+                    },
+                },
+            })
+        self.assertIn("error", result)
+        self.assertEqual(ERR_INTERNAL, result["error"]["code"])  # type: ignore[index]
+
     def test_health_endpoint(self):
         conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("127.0.0.1", self.port, timeout=5)
         try: