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didericis e29836c78a coloring_nested_tire_graphs: add general chromatic-polynomial method for §6 graphs
Adds a 'General method' paragraph to menagerie §6 describing how to
compute P_e(G, k) for any G = C_n + (matching of non-crossing chords):

  P_e(G, k) = Σ_{(c_1,...,c_r)} N(C_n; forbidden(c_1,...,c_r), k)

where the sum is over chord-color assignments and N counts proper
k-edge-colorings of C_n subject to per-edge forbidden colors (= the
chord colors at adjacent chord endpoints).  For each chord-color
choice the inner count is a transfer-matrix product on the polygon,
computed in O(n k^2) time, so the full polynomial is computable in
O(n k^{r+2}) time.

The method specializes to the closed form for θ(1, p, q) (r = 1) and
generalizes to any number of non-crossing chords.  Verified against
Sage's chromatic polynomial of the line graph on:
  - θ(1, 3, 3): 30
  - C_8 + {(0,2), (3,7), (4,6)}: 6
  - C_10 + {(0,2), (3,5), (6,8)}: 18

Note grows by ~1/2 page; still 5 pages total.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-25 21:53:59 -04:00
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