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didericis d87b94d3b3 face_monochromatic_pairs: partial structural proof of Conjecture (Deciding face)
Adds Definition (flank face) + 3 lemmas + a partial theorem proving
Conjecture (Deciding face) -- hence Conjecture 5.1 -- for the case
where at least one neighbour of v in the parent triangulation G has
degree ≤ 6:

  - Lemma (Flank-length formula): |F_{i, i+1}^♭| = n_i - 1.
  - Lemma (Flank covering, n_i = 5): boundary of F_{i, i+1}^♭ is in
    V(K_b) ∪ V(K_c). Proof: the single intermediate P is adjacent to
    both A_i and A_{i+1}; A_{i+1} ∈ V(K_b) ∩ V(K_c) via spike, so
    A_{i+1}'s c_0-edge (in K_b) or c_1-edge (in K_c) lands on P.
  - Lemma (Flank covering, n_i = 6): two intermediates P_1, P_2; P_2
    handled as the n_i = 5 case; P_1 covered by case analysis on
    φ(A_i P_1) ∈ {c, c_1}: in Case (a) K_b walks A_i → P_1 directly;
    in Case (b) propagation from P_2 via P_2's c-edge to P_1 (forced
    by properness at P_1 ruling out φ(P_1 P_2) = c_1).
  - Theorem (Partial proof of Conjecture (Deciding face)): combining
    the length formula and the covering lemmas, F_{i, i+1}^♭ is a
    deciding face whenever n_i ∈ {5, 6}, since its length is then 4
    or 5 (≢ 0 mod 3).

The remaining structural case is n_i ≥ 7 for all i (= all five
neighbours of v in G have degree ≥ 7); for these the merged-side
face F^♭_{i+3, i+4} of length n_{i+3} - 2 often plays the deciding
role empirically, but a uniform structural argument is left open.

Paper grows from 18 to 20 pages.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-05-25 04:29:47 -04:00
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