face_monochromatic_pairs: Heawood numbers, Lemma 5.2 + diagram

- Add Definition 3.1 "Heawood number of a vertex" (+1 if CW colour order
  is (1,2,3), -1 if (1,3,2)) and cite Heawood 1898 in the bibliography.
- Add Lemma 5.2 "Heawood number is constant on the Kempe cycles through
  the merged edge", positioned immediately after Conjecture 5.1. Its
  proof exhibits a (F, e_1, e_2) witness for clauses (1)-(3) of the
  conjecture from any pair (v_0, v_1) of consecutive K-vertices with
  differing Heawood signs, by cases on whether phi(e) = a or b. The
  proof does not invoke Conjecture 5.3 or Theorem 4.X.
- Add a two-panel figure illustrating Case A (b-edges on F_R when
  phi(e) = a) and Case B (a-edges on F_L when phi(e) = b), with the
  cyclic colour orders (a, b, c) at v_0 and (a, c, b) at v_1 visible
  from the angular layout.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-24 21:54:30 -04:00
parent 41227c6a0f
commit d99f8e23b3
6 changed files with 391 additions and 63 deletions
+42 -41
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.24 (TeX Live 2022) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2022.10.5) 24 MAY 2026 15:03
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.141592653-2.6-1.40.24 (TeX Live 2022) (preloaded format=pdflatex 2022.10.5) 24 MAY 2026 21:49
entering extended mode
restricted \write18 enabled.
%&-line parsing enabled.
@@ -195,102 +195,103 @@ Overfull \vbox (1.31958pt too high) has occurred while \output is active []
[1{/usr/local/texlive/2022/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}]
[2]
Overfull \hbox (41.917pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 233--235
[2] [3]
Overfull \hbox (41.917pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 256--258
[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 List the five degree-$2$ ver-tices in clock-wise or-der aroun
d $\OML/cmm/m/it/10 F$ \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 as $\OML/cmm/m/it/10 A \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 =
(\OML/cmm/m/it/10 A[]; A[]; A[]; A[]; A[]\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 )$.
[]
[3]
<fig_reduced_dual_step1.png, id=31, 517.79329pt x 499.08812pt>
File: fig_reduced_dual_step1.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_reduced_dual_step1.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step1.png used on input line 253.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step1.png used on input line 276.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 166.55775pt.
<fig_reduced_dual_step2.png, id=33, 490.16064pt x 483.35876pt>
File: fig_reduced_dual_step2.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_reduced_dual_step2.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step2.png used on input line 254.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step2.png used on input line 277.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 170.39505pt.
<fig_reduced_dual_step3.png, id=34, 490.16064pt x 483.35876pt>
File: fig_reduced_dual_step3.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_reduced_dual_step3.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step3.png used on input line 255.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step3.png used on input line 278.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 170.39505pt.
<fig_reduced_dual_step4.png, id=35, 490.16064pt x 486.3346pt>
File: fig_reduced_dual_step4.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_reduced_dual_step4.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step4.png used on input line 256.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_reduced_dual_step4.png used on input line 279.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 171.44409pt.
[4 <./fig_reduced_dual_step1.png> <./fig_reduced_dual_step2.png> <./fig_reduce
d_dual_step3.png> <./fig_reduced_dual_step4.png>] [5]
LaTeX Warning: `h' float specifier changed to `ht'.
[4] [5 <./fig_reduced_dual_step1.png> <./fig_reduced_dual_step2.png> <./fig_red
uced_dual_step3.png> <./fig_reduced_dual_step4.png>]
<fig_chord_apex_step1.png, id=46, 505.03976pt x 502.06393pt>
File: fig_chord_apex_step1.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_chord_apex_step1.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step1.png used on input line 377.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step1.png used on input line 400.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 251.9989pt x 250.5104pt.
<fig_chord_apex_step2.png, id=47, 490.16064pt x 499.51323pt>
File: fig_chord_apex_step2.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_chord_apex_step2.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step2.png used on input line 378.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step2.png used on input line 401.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 176.08986pt.
<fig_chord_apex_step3.png, id=48, 490.16064pt x 499.51323pt>
File: fig_chord_apex_step3.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_chord_apex_step3.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step3.png used on input line 379.
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_chord_apex_step3.png used on input line 402.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 172.79846pt x 176.08986pt.
LaTeX Warning: `h' float specifier changed to `ht'.
[6] [7 <./fig_chord_apex_step1.png> <./fig_chord_apex_step2.png> <./fig_chord_a
pex_step3.png>]
<fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png, id=59, 950.752pt x 203.159pt>
pex_step3.png>] [8]
<fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png, id=62, 950.752pt x 203.159pt>
File: fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png used on input line 522
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png used on input line 545
.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 341.9989pt x 73.08138pt.
LaTeX Warning: `h' float specifier changed to `ht'.
[8]
<fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png, id=63, 916.223pt x 417.56pt>
[9 <./fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png>]
<fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png, id=67, 916.223pt x 417.56pt>
File: fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png used on input lin
e 597.
e 620.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 352.79846pt x 160.78339pt.
[10 <./fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png>]
<fig_lemma_kempe_heawood.png, id=72, 916.223pt x 335.654pt>
File: fig_lemma_kempe_heawood.png Graphic file (type png)
<use fig_lemma_kempe_heawood.png>
Package pdftex.def Info: fig_lemma_kempe_heawood.png used on input line 730.
(pdftex.def) Requested size: 352.79846pt x 129.2451pt.
LaTeX Warning: `h' float specifier changed to `ht'.
[9 <./fig_cubic_edge_contraction.png>]
Underfull \vbox (badness 1242) has occurred while \output is active []
[10 <./fig_thm_cubic_contraction_4face.png>]
Underfull \hbox (badness 1648) in paragraph at lines 721--727
\OT1/cmr/m/it/10 Remark \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 5.4\OT1/cmr/m/it/10 . \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 T
[11] [12 <./fig_lemma_kempe_heawood.png>]
Underfull \hbox (badness 1648) in paragraph at lines 825--831
\OT1/cmr/m/it/10 Remark \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 5.5\OT1/cmr/m/it/10 . \OT1/cmr/m/n/10 T
he strength-ened con-jec-ture was tested on the same chord-
[]
Underfull \hbox (badness 1014) in paragraph at lines 721--727
\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 apex+Kempe colour-ings as Re-mark 5.2[]; for each colour-ing we
Underfull \hbox (badness 1014) in paragraph at lines 825--831
\OT1/cmr/m/n/10 apex+Kempe colour-ings as Re-mark 5.3[]; for each colour-ing we
sought any
[]
[11] [12] (./paper.aux) )
[13] [14] (./paper.aux) )
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
3097 strings out of 478268
44287 string characters out of 5846347
350362 words of memory out of 5000000
21130 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
3108 strings out of 478268
44593 string characters out of 5846347
348397 words of memory out of 5000000
21140 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
478386 words of font info for 63 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
1302 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
69i,9n,76p,745b,389s stack positions out of 10000i,1000n,20000p,200000b,200000s
69i,12n,76p,875b,344s stack positions out of 10000i,1000n,20000p,200000b,200000s
</usr/local/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public
/amsfonts/cm/cmbx10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/
amsfonts/cm/cmbx8.pfb></usr/local/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/am
@@ -315,10 +316,10 @@ cal/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti10.pfb></usr/loc
al/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti8.pfb></usr/local
/texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmtt10.pfb></usr/local/
texlive/2022/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/symbols/msam10.pfb>
Output written on paper.pdf (12 pages, 1018017 bytes).
Output written on paper.pdf (14 pages, 1081744 bytes).
PDF statistics:
183 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
101 compressed objects within 2 object streams
192 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
106 compressed objects within 2 object streams
0 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 500000)
46 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000)
51 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 10000000)