fix(gateway): contain output pump shutdown races

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/cleanup.py

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from pathlib import Path
 
 from ...log import info
 from .. import EnumerationError
-from . import util
+from . import lifecycle_lock, util
 from .bottle_cleanup_plan import FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan
 
 
@@ -126,12 +126,42 @@ def prepare_cleanup() -> FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan:
 
 
 def cleanup(plan: FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan) -> None:
-    for pid in plan.vm_pids:
+    """Revalidate the preview under the launch lock, then remove its survivors."""
-        info(f"kill firecracker VM pid {pid}")
+    with lifecycle_lock.hold():
-        try:
+        fresh = prepare_cleanup()
-            os.kill(pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+        approved_pids = set(plan.vm_pids).intersection(fresh.vm_pids)
-        except ProcessLookupError:
+        approved_dirs = set(plan.run_dirs).intersection(fresh.run_dirs)
-            pass
+        for pid in sorted(approved_pids):
-    for path in plan.run_dirs:
+            _terminate_orphan(pid, _run_root())
+        for path in sorted(approved_dirs):
             info(f"rm -rf {path}")
             shutil.rmtree(path, ignore_errors=True)
+
+
+def _terminate_orphan(pid: int, run_root: Path) -> None:
+    """Signal exactly the process identity that still owns an orphan config."""
+    try:
+        pidfd = os.pidfd_open(pid)
+    except ProcessLookupError:
+        return
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise EnumerationError(
+            f"could not pin Firecracker pid {pid} for cleanup: {exc}"
+        ) from exc
+    try:
+        try:
+            raw = Path(f"/proc/{pid}/cmdline").read_bytes()
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            return
+        except OSError as exc:
+            raise EnumerationError(
+                f"could not revalidate Firecracker pid {pid}: {exc}"
+            ) from exc
+        command = raw.replace(b"\0", b" ").decode(errors="replace")
+        run_dir = _run_dir_of(command, run_root)
+        if run_dir is None or run_dir.is_dir():
+            return
+        info(f"kill firecracker VM pid {pid}")
+        signal.pidfd_send_signal(pidfd, signal.SIGTERM)
+    finally:
+        os.close(pidfd)

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/launch.py

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ from ...log import die, info, warn
 from ...supervisor.types import SUPERVISE_PORT
 from ..docker.egress import EGRESS_PORT
 from ..util import AGENT_CA_BUNDLE, AGENT_CA_PATH
-from . import firecracker_vm, image_builder, isolation_probe, netpool, util
+from . import firecracker_vm, image_builder, isolation_probe, lifecycle_lock, netpool, util
 from .bottle import FirecrackerBottle
 from .bottle_plan import FirecrackerBottlePlan
 from ...orchestrator.store.config_store import resolve_teardown_timeout
@@ -164,11 +164,15 @@ def launch(
         )
 
         # Step 6: build the per-bottle rootfs + SSH key, then boot.
+        # Cleanup takes the same lock while refreshing its process snapshot.
+        # Hold it until the VMM exists so a newly-created run dir can never be
+        # mistaken for an orphan in the build-before-boot window.
+        with lifecycle_lock.hold():
             run_dir = util.cache_dir() / "run" / plan.slug
             run_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
             # Remove the run dir on teardown so the per-bottle rootfs.ext4 (~1G)
-        # doesn't leak. Registered before vm.terminate below so it runs *after*
+            # doesn't leak. Registered before vm.terminate below so it runs
-        # it (ExitStack is LIFO): the VM is gone before we rm its rootfs.
+            # *after* it (ExitStack is LIFO).
             stack.callback(lambda: shutil.rmtree(run_dir, ignore_errors=True))
             rootfs = run_dir / "rootfs.ext4"
             util.build_rootfs_ext4(agent_base, rootfs)

bot_bottle/backend/firecracker/lifecycle_lock.py

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+"""Serialize Firecracker run-directory creation with orphan cleanup."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import fcntl
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Generator
+
+from . import util
+
+
+def _lock_path() -> Path:
+    return util.cache_dir() / "run.lifecycle.lock"
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def hold() -> Generator[None]:
+    """Exclude cleanup while a launch directory lacks a visible VMM."""
+    path = _lock_path()
+    path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    with path.open("a", encoding="utf-8") as handle:
+        fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            fcntl.flock(handle, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
+
+
+__all__ = ["hold"]

bot_bottle/backend/macos_container/cleanup.py

@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import subprocess
 
-from ...log import info, warn
+from .. import EnumerationError
+from ...log import info
 from . import util as container_mod
 from .bottle_cleanup_plan import MacosContainerBottleCleanupPlan
 
@@ -19,8 +20,8 @@ def _list_prefixed_containers() -> list[str]:
         check=False,
     )
     if result.returncode != 0:
-        warn(f"container list failed: {result.stderr.strip()}")
+        detail = result.stderr.strip() or f"exit {result.returncode}"
-        return []
+        raise EnumerationError(f"container list failed: {detail}")
     return sorted(
         name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
         if name.startswith(_PREFIX)
@@ -35,7 +36,8 @@ def _list_prefixed_networks() -> list[str]:
         check=False,
     )
     if result.returncode != 0:
-        return []
+        detail = result.stderr.strip() or f"exit {result.returncode}"
+        raise EnumerationError(f"container network list failed: {detail}")
     return sorted(
         name for name in (line.strip() for line in result.stdout.splitlines())
         if name.startswith(_PREFIX)

bot_bottle/cli/commands/cleanup.py

@@ -52,7 +52,11 @@ def cmd_cleanup(_argv: list[str]) -> int:
         info("cleanup: skipped")
         return 0
 
-    for name, backend, plan in prepared:
+    # Confirmation authorizes a fresh authoritative snapshot, not blind use of
+    # identities that may have changed while the operator reviewed the preview.
+    refreshed = [(name, backend, backend.prepare_cleanup())
+                 for name, backend, _plan in prepared]
+    for name, backend, plan in refreshed:
         if plan.empty:
             continue
         backend.cleanup(plan)

bot_bottle/gateway/bootstrap.py

@@ -136,10 +136,18 @@ def _pump(name: str, stream: IO[bytes]) -> None:
     """Read lines from `stream`, prefix with `[name]`, write to
     stdout. Runs in its own thread per child; daemon=True so a
     blocked read doesn't keep the process alive after main exits."""
+    try:
         for raw in iter(stream.readline, b""):
             line = raw.decode("utf-8", errors="replace").rstrip("\n")
             sys.stdout.write(f"[{name}] {line}\n")
             sys.stdout.flush()
+    except (OSError, ValueError) as exc:
+        # The manager closes a dead child's pipe after wait() and before a
+        # restart. A pump can be between readline calls at that exact moment;
+        # closed-stream errors are normal completion, not uncaught thread
+        # failures. Preserve genuinely unexpected I/O diagnostics.
+        if not stream.closed:
+            _log(f"{name} output pump stopped: {type(exc).__name__}: {exc}")
 
 
 def _spawn(spec: _DaemonSpec) -> subprocess.Popen[bytes]:

bot_bottle/gateway/bounded_http.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+"""Shared resource boundaries for gateway stdlib HTTP services."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import http.server
+import socket
+import threading
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from typing import Any, Protocol
+
+
+class Readable(Protocol):
+    def read(self, size: int = -1, /) -> bytes: ...
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class BodyReadError(Exception):
+    status: int
+    message: str
+
+
+def read_declared_body(
+    stream: Readable,
+    connection: socket.socket,
+    raw_length: str | None,
+    *,
+    maximum: int,
+    timeout_seconds: float,
+    require_length: bool,
+) -> bytes:
+    """Validate and read exactly one declared body under a read deadline."""
+    if raw_length is None:
+        if require_length:
+            raise BodyReadError(411, "Content-Length required")
+        raw_length = "0"
+    try:
+        length = int(raw_length)
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise BodyReadError(400, "invalid Content-Length") from exc
+    if length < 0:
+        raise BodyReadError(400, "invalid Content-Length")
+    if length > maximum:
+        raise BodyReadError(413, "request body too large")
+    previous_timeout = connection.gettimeout()
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout_seconds
+    chunks: list[bytes] = []
+    remaining = length
+    try:
+        while remaining:
+            timeout = deadline - time.monotonic()
+            if timeout <= 0:
+                raise BodyReadError(408, "request body read timed out")
+            connection.settimeout(timeout)
+            chunk = stream.read(min(remaining, 64 * 1024))
+            if not chunk:
+                raise BodyReadError(400, "incomplete request body")
+            chunks.append(chunk)
+            remaining -= len(chunk)
+    except TimeoutError as exc:
+        raise BodyReadError(408, "request body read timed out") from exc
+    finally:
+        connection.settimeout(previous_timeout)
+    return b"".join(chunks)
+
+
+class BoundedThreadingHTTPServer(http.server.ThreadingHTTPServer):
+    """ThreadingHTTPServer with a hard cap on in-flight request threads."""
+
+    daemon_threads = True
+
+    def __init__(  # pylint: disable=consider-using-with
+        self, *args, max_workers: int = 32, **kwargs,  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+    ):
+        if max_workers < 1:
+            raise ValueError("max_workers must be positive")
+        self._request_slots = threading.BoundedSemaphore(max_workers)
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def process_request(
+        self, request: Any, client_address: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not self._request_slots.acquire(  # pylint: disable=consider-using-with
+            blocking=False,
+        ):
+            try:
+                request.sendall(
+                    b"HTTP/1.1 503 Service Unavailable\r\n"
+                    b"Content-Length: 0\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n"
+                )
+            finally:
+                self.shutdown_request(request)
+            return
+        try:
+            super().process_request(request, client_address)
+        except BaseException:
+            self._request_slots.release()
+            raise
+
+    def process_request_thread(
+        self, request: Any, client_address: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        try:
+            super().process_request_thread(request, client_address)
+        finally:
+            self._request_slots.release()
+
+
+__all__ = ["BodyReadError", "BoundedThreadingHTTPServer", "read_declared_body"]

bot_bottle/gateway/git_gate/http_backend.py

@@ -22,11 +22,16 @@ import os
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import typing
-from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler, ThreadingHTTPServer
+from http.server import BaseHTTPRequestHandler
 from pathlib import Path
 from urllib.parse import urlsplit
 
 from bot_bottle.constants import GIT_GATE_TIMEOUT_SECS, IDENTITY_HEADER
+from bot_bottle.gateway.bounded_http import (
+    BodyReadError,
+    BoundedThreadingHTTPServer,
+    read_declared_body,
+)
 from bot_bottle.gateway.policy_resolver import PolicyResolveError, PolicyResolver
 
 
@@ -77,6 +82,8 @@ def resolve_sandbox_root(
 
 # Bound memory use while still allowing ordinary git push packfiles.
 MAX_BODY_BYTES = 100 * 1024 * 1024
+REQUEST_BODY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 30.0
+MAX_REQUEST_WORKERS = 16
 
 
 class GitHttpHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
@@ -184,19 +191,18 @@ class GitHttpHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
             value = self.headers.get(header)
             if value:
                 env[variable] = value
-        raw_length = self.headers.get("content-length", "0") or "0"
         try:
-            length = int(raw_length)
+            body = read_declared_body(
-        except ValueError:
+                self.rfile,
-            self.send_error(400, "Bad Content-Length")
+                self.connection,
+                self.headers.get("content-length"),
+                maximum=MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+                timeout_seconds=REQUEST_BODY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+                require_length=False,
+            )
+        except BodyReadError as exc:
+            self.send_error(exc.status, exc.message)
             return
-        if length < 0:
-            self.send_error(400, "Negative Content-Length")
-            return
-        if length > MAX_BODY_BYTES:
-            self.send_error(413, "Request body too large")
-            return
-        body = self.rfile.read(length) if length else b""
         proc = subprocess.run(
             ["git", "http-backend"],
             input=body,
@@ -273,7 +279,9 @@ def main() -> int:
             "(no single-tenant flat-root fallback)\n"
         )
         return 1
-    server = ThreadingHTTPServer(("0.0.0.0", port), GitHttpHandler)
+    server = BoundedThreadingHTTPServer(
+        ("0.0.0.0", port), GitHttpHandler, max_workers=MAX_REQUEST_WORKERS,
+    )
     # Resolve each request's sandbox namespace by source IP against the
     # orchestrator control plane.
     server.policy_resolver = PolicyResolver(orch_url)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

bot_bottle/gateway/supervisor/mcp_dispatch.py

@@ -6,9 +6,8 @@ import json
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Callable, Protocol
 
-from bot_bottle.gateway.egress.context import resolve_client_context
+from bot_bottle.gateway.egress.schema import load_config, route_to_yaml_dict
-from bot_bottle.gateway.egress.schema import route_to_yaml_dict
+from bot_bottle.gateway.policy_resolver import PolicyResolveError, PolicyResolver
-from bot_bottle.gateway.policy_resolver import PolicyResolver
 from bot_bottle.supervisor import types as _sv
 
 
@@ -24,6 +23,10 @@ class MethodNotFoundError(Exception):
     """Raised when a JSON-RPC method has no MCP handler."""
 
 
+class RouteResolutionError(Exception):
+    """The caller's live route table could not be resolved authoritatively."""
+
+
 Handler = Callable[[dict[str, object]], object]
 
 
@@ -60,10 +63,19 @@ def resolved_routes_payload(
     source_ip: str,
     identity_token: str,
 ) -> dict[str, object]:
-    """Render the calling bottle's routes, failing closed to an empty list."""
+    """Render an authoritatively resolved route table for the calling bottle."""
-    config, _slug, _tokens = resolve_client_context(
+    try:
-        resolver, source_ip, identity_token,
+        policy, bottle_id, _tokens = resolver.resolve_policy_and_bottle_id(
+            source_ip, identity_token,
         )
+    except PolicyResolveError as exc:
+        raise RouteResolutionError("orchestrator unavailable") from exc
+    if not bottle_id:
+        raise RouteResolutionError("request source is not attributed to a bottle")
+    try:
+        config = load_config(policy or "")
+    except ValueError as exc:
+        raise RouteResolutionError("resolved policy is invalid") from exc
     body = json.dumps(
         {"routes": [route_to_yaml_dict(route) for route in config.routes]},
         indent=2,
@@ -74,6 +86,7 @@ def resolved_routes_payload(
 __all__ = [
     "Handlers",
     "MethodNotFoundError",
+    "RouteResolutionError",
     "dispatch",
     "resolved_routes_payload",
 ]

bot_bottle/gateway/supervisor/server.py

@@ -51,19 +51,24 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import http.server
 import json
 import os
-import socketserver
 import sys
 import time
 import typing
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 from bot_bottle.constants import IDENTITY_HEADER
+from bot_bottle.gateway.bounded_http import (
+    BodyReadError,
+    BoundedThreadingHTTPServer,
+    read_declared_body,
+)
 from bot_bottle.gateway.egress.schema import load_config
 from bot_bottle.gateway.egress.types import LOG_OFF
 from bot_bottle.gateway.policy_resolver import PolicyResolveError, PolicyResolver
 from bot_bottle.gateway.supervisor.mcp_dispatch import (
     Handlers as DispatchHandlers,
     MethodNotFoundError,
+    RouteResolutionError,
     dispatch,
     resolved_routes_payload,
 )
@@ -570,6 +575,8 @@ def format_unknown_proposal_text(proposal_id: str) -> str:
 # Max request body the server accepts. 1 MB is well above any realistic
 # routes.yaml proposal.
 MAX_BODY_BYTES = 1 * 1024 * 1024
+REQUEST_BODY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 10.0
+MAX_REQUEST_WORKERS = 32
 
 
 class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
@@ -592,19 +599,18 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
         self._write_text(405, "use POST for MCP requests\n")
 
     def do_POST(self) -> None:
-        length_header = self.headers.get("Content-Length")
-        if length_header is None:
-            self._write_text(411, "Content-Length required\n")
-            return
         try:
-            length = int(length_header)
+            body = read_declared_body(
-        except ValueError:
+                self.rfile,
-            self._write_text(400, "invalid Content-Length\n")
+                self.connection,
+                self.headers.get("Content-Length"),
+                maximum=MAX_BODY_BYTES,
+                timeout_seconds=REQUEST_BODY_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
+                require_length=True,
+            )
+        except BodyReadError as exc:
+            self._write_text(exc.status, exc.message + "\n")
             return
-        if length < 0 or length > MAX_BODY_BYTES:
-            self._write_text(413, "request body too large\n")
-            return
-        body = self.rfile.read(length)
 
         try:
             req = parse_jsonrpc(body)
@@ -660,20 +666,25 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
                 identity_token=self._identity_token(),
             )
 
-        return dispatch(
+        def list_routes(_params: dict[str, object]) -> object:
-            req,
+            try:
-            DispatchHandlers(
+                return resolved_routes_payload(
-                initialize=handle_initialize,
-                tools_list=handle_tools_list,
-                list_routes=lambda _params: resolved_routes_payload(
                     self._resolver_or_fail(),
                     self.client_address[0],
                     self._identity_token(),
-                ),
+                )
+            except RouteResolutionError as exc:
+                raise _RpcInternalError(
+                    f"could not resolve live egress routes: {exc}"
+                ) from exc
+
+        return dispatch(req, DispatchHandlers(
+            initialize=handle_initialize,
+            tools_list=handle_tools_list,
+            list_routes=list_routes,
             check_proposal=check,
             propose=propose,
-            ),
+        ))
-        )
 
     def _identity_token(self) -> str:
         """The agent's per-bottle identity token from the request header (the
@@ -711,7 +722,7 @@ class MCPHandler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
             self.wfile.write(encoded)
 
 
-class MCPServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, http.server.HTTPServer):
+class MCPServer(BoundedThreadingHTTPServer):
     allow_reuse_address = True
     daemon_threads = True
     config: ServerConfig = ServerConfig()
@@ -720,6 +731,9 @@ class MCPServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, http.server.HTTPServer):
     # closed per request (see `_resolver_or_fail`).
     policy_resolver: "PolicyResolver | None" = None
 
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):  # type: ignore[no-untyped-def]
+        super().__init__(*args, max_workers=MAX_REQUEST_WORKERS, **kwargs)
+
 
 # --- Entry point -----------------------------------------------------------
 

tests/unit/test_cli_cleanup_cross_backend.py

@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ class TestCmdCleanup(unittest.TestCase):
         ):
             self.assertEqual(0, cmd.cmd_cleanup([]))
 
-        docker.prepare_cleanup.assert_called_once()
+        self.assertEqual(2, docker.prepare_cleanup.call_count)
-        fc.prepare_cleanup.assert_called_once()
+        self.assertEqual(2, fc.prepare_cleanup.call_count)
         docker.cleanup.assert_called_once_with(docker_plan)
         fc.cleanup.assert_called_once_with(fc_plan)
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class TestCmdCleanup(unittest.TestCase):
         ):
             self.assertEqual(0, cmd.cmd_cleanup([]))
 
-        docker.prepare_cleanup.assert_called_once()
+        self.assertEqual(2, docker.prepare_cleanup.call_count)
         docker.cleanup.assert_called_once_with(docker_plan)
         macos.prepare_cleanup.assert_not_called()
 
@@ -135,6 +135,25 @@ class TestCmdCleanup(unittest.TestCase):
         docker.cleanup.assert_called_once_with(docker_plan)
         fc.cleanup.assert_not_called()
 
+    def test_executes_refreshed_plan_after_confirmation(self):
+        backend = MagicMock()
+        preview = MagicMock(empty=False)
+        refreshed = MagicMock(empty=False)
+        backend.prepare_cleanup.side_effect = [preview, refreshed]
+
+        with patch.object(
+            cmd, "known_backend_names", return_value=("firecracker",),
+        ), patch.object(
+            cmd, "get_bottle_backend", return_value=backend,
+        ), patch.object(
+            cmd, "has_backend", return_value=True,
+        ), patch.object(
+            cmd, "_prompt_yes", return_value=True,
+        ):
+            self.assertEqual(0, cmd.cmd_cleanup([]))
+
+        backend.cleanup.assert_called_once_with(refreshed)
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_firecracker_cleanup.py

@@ -132,18 +132,46 @@ class TestCleanupRemoval(unittest.TestCase):
             vm_pids=(101,),
             run_dirs=("/run/dev-x",),
         )
-        with patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "kill") as kill, \
+        with patch.object(fc_cleanup, "prepare_cleanup", return_value=plan), \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup, "_run_root", return_value=Path("/run")), \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup, "_terminate_orphan") as terminate, \
              patch.object(fc_cleanup.shutil, "rmtree") as rmtree, \
              patch.object(fc_cleanup, "info"):
             fc_cleanup.cleanup(plan)
-        kill.assert_called_once()
+        terminate.assert_called_once_with(101, Path("/run"))
         rmtree.assert_called_once_with("/run/dev-x", ignore_errors=True)
 
-    def test_cleanup_tolerates_dead_pid(self):
+    def test_cleanup_skips_resources_no_longer_in_refreshed_plan(self):
-        plan = FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan(vm_pids=(999,))
+        preview = FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan(
-        with patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "kill", side_effect=ProcessLookupError), \
+            vm_pids=(999,), run_dirs=("/run/reused",),
-             patch.object(fc_cleanup, "info"):
+        )
-            fc_cleanup.cleanup(plan)  # must not raise
+        with patch.object(
+            fc_cleanup, "prepare_cleanup",
+            return_value=FirecrackerBottleCleanupPlan(),
+        ), patch.object(fc_cleanup, "_terminate_orphan") as terminate, \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup.shutil, "rmtree") as rmtree:
+            fc_cleanup.cleanup(preview)
+        terminate.assert_not_called()
+        rmtree.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_pidfd_prevents_pid_reuse_from_signalling_unrelated_process(self):
+        with patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "pidfd_open", return_value=7), \
+             patch.object(
+                 fc_cleanup.Path, "read_bytes",
+                 return_value=b"/usr/bin/python\0worker.py\0",
+             ), patch.object(fc_cleanup.signal, "pidfd_send_signal") as send, \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "close"):
+            fc_cleanup._terminate_orphan(101, Path("/run"))
+        send.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_pidfd_signals_revalidated_orphan(self):
+        command = b"firecracker\0--config-file\0/run/gone/config.json\0"
+        with patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "pidfd_open", return_value=7), \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup.Path, "read_bytes", return_value=command), \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup.signal, "pidfd_send_signal") as send, \
+             patch.object(fc_cleanup.os, "close"), patch.object(fc_cleanup, "info"):
+            fc_cleanup._terminate_orphan(101, Path("/run"))
+        send.assert_called_once_with(7, fc_cleanup.signal.SIGTERM)
 
 
 class TestCleanupPlan(unittest.TestCase):

tests/unit/test_gateway_bounded_http.py

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+"""Unit tests for shared gateway stdlib HTTP resource boundaries."""
+# pylint: disable=protected-access
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import io
+import socket
+import unittest
+
+from bot_bottle.gateway.bounded_http import (
+    BodyReadError,
+    BoundedThreadingHTTPServer,
+    read_declared_body,
+)
+
+
+class _Handler:
+    pass
+
+
+class _TimeoutStream:
+    def read(self, _size: int = -1, /) -> bytes:
+        raise TimeoutError
+
+
+class TestDeclaredBody(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        self.left, self.right = socket.socketpair()
+
+    def tearDown(self) -> None:
+        self.left.close()
+        self.right.close()
+
+    def test_rejects_incomplete_body(self) -> None:
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(BodyReadError, "incomplete"):
+            read_declared_body(
+                io.BytesIO(b"short"),
+                self.left,
+                "10",
+                maximum=100,
+                timeout_seconds=1,
+                require_length=True,
+            )
+
+    def test_maps_read_timeout(self) -> None:
+        with self.assertRaises(BodyReadError) as caught:
+            read_declared_body(
+                _TimeoutStream(),
+                self.left,
+                "1",
+                maximum=100,
+                timeout_seconds=1,
+                require_length=True,
+            )
+        self.assertEqual(408, caught.exception.status)
+
+
+class TestBoundedServer(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_saturated_server_rejects_without_spawning_thread(self) -> None:
+        client, peer = socket.socketpair()
+        with BoundedThreadingHTTPServer(
+            ("127.0.0.1", 0), _Handler, max_workers=1,  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        ) as server:
+            with client, peer:
+                # Directly reserve the only slot to model an in-flight handler.
+                self.assertTrue(
+                    server._request_slots.acquire(  # pylint: disable=consider-using-with
+                        blocking=False,
+                    ),
+                )
+                try:
+                    server.process_request(client, ("127.0.0.1", 1))
+                    self.assertIn(b"503 Service Unavailable", peer.recv(1024))
+                finally:
+                    server._request_slots.release()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_gateway_init.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from bot_bottle.gateway.bootstrap import (
     _DaemonManager,
     _argv_for_daemon,
     _env_for_daemon,
+    _pump,
     _selected_daemons,
 )
 from tests._bin import SLEEP
@@ -565,5 +566,26 @@ class TestMainEndToEnd(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertIn("no daemons selected", out)
 
 
+class _FailingStream:
+    def __init__(self, *, closed: bool) -> None:
+        self.closed = closed
+
+    def readline(self) -> bytes:
+        raise ValueError("I/O operation on closed file")
+
+
+class TestOutputPump(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_closed_stream_race_is_normal_completion(self) -> None:
+        with patch("bot_bottle.gateway.bootstrap._log") as log:
+            _pump("egress", _FailingStream(closed=True))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        log.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_unexpected_io_failure_is_logged(self) -> None:
+        with patch("bot_bottle.gateway.bootstrap._log") as log:
+            _pump("egress", _FailingStream(closed=False))  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+        log.assert_called_once()
+        self.assertIn("output pump stopped", log.call_args.args[0])
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()

tests/unit/test_macos_container_cleanup.py

@@ -42,6 +42,22 @@ class TestMacosContainerCleanup(unittest.TestCase):
             run.call_args_list[1].args[0],
         )
 
+    def test_container_enumeration_failure_aborts(self):
+        completed = cleanup.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[], returncode=1, stdout="", stderr="service unavailable",
+        )
+        with patch.object(cleanup.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed), \
+                self.assertRaisesRegex(EnumerationError, "service unavailable"):
+            cleanup._list_prefixed_containers()
+
+    def test_network_enumeration_failure_aborts(self):
+        completed = cleanup.subprocess.CompletedProcess(
+            args=[], returncode=1, stdout="", stderr="service unavailable",
+        )
+        with patch.object(cleanup.subprocess, "run", return_value=completed), \
+                self.assertRaisesRegex(EnumerationError, "service unavailable"):
+            cleanup._list_prefixed_networks()
+
 
 class TestMacosContainerEnumerate(unittest.TestCase):
     """The backend launches bottles again (PRD 0070), so enumeration is real

tests/unit/test_supervise_server.py

@@ -717,10 +717,9 @@ class TestResolvedRoutesPayload(unittest.TestCase):
         hosts = {r["host"] for r in data["routes"]}
         self.assertEqual({"api.anthropic.com", "www.google.com"}, hosts)
 
-    def test_orchestrator_error_fails_closed_to_empty(self) -> None:
+    def test_orchestrator_error_is_not_reported_as_empty_policy(self) -> None:
-        # resolve_client_context swallows resolver errors → deny-all (empty),
+        with self.assertRaises(supervise_server.RouteResolutionError):
-        # never another bottle's routes.
+            resolved_routes_payload(
-        payload = resolved_routes_payload(
                 typing.cast(
                     supervise_server.PolicyResolver,
                     _FakeSuperviseResolver(raises=True),
@@ -728,7 +727,16 @@ class TestResolvedRoutesPayload(unittest.TestCase):
                 _SRC,
                 _TOK,
             )
-        assert payload is not None
+
+    def test_authoritative_empty_policy_remains_successful(self) -> None:
+        payload = resolved_routes_payload(
+            typing.cast(
+                supervise_server.PolicyResolver,
+                _FakeSuperviseResolver(bottle_id="b1", policy="routes: []\n"),
+            ),
+            _SRC,
+            _TOK,
+        )
         data = json.loads(payload["content"][0]["text"])  # type: ignore[index]
         self.assertEqual([], data["routes"])